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IEEE Transactions on energy conversion |
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierField computation for an axial flux permanent-magnet synchronous generator / Chan, T. F. in IEEE transactions on energy conversion, Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 1 - 11
Titre : Field computation for an axial flux permanent-magnet synchronous generator Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Chan, T. F., Auteur ; Lai, L.L., Auteur ; Shuming Xie, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 1 - 11 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fourier series; Laplace equations; finite element analysis; machine theory; magnetic fields; permanent magnet generators; synchronous generators Résumé : An analytical method to determine the no-load and armature reaction magnetic fields of a single-sided, axial flux permanent-magnet synchronous generator without armature core is presented. Laplace's equation is solved in the rectangular coordinate system to give the scalar magnetic potentials, using a Fourier series method. For computation of the armature reaction field, a multi-current-sheet model is employed in order to account for the distributed nature of armature conductors in the axial direction. Finite element analysis and experimental results on a prototype machine are presented for verifying the accuracy of the proposed method. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4776485&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Field computation for an axial flux permanent-magnet synchronous generator [texte imprimé] / Chan, T. F., Auteur ; Lai, L.L., Auteur ; Shuming Xie, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 1 - 11.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 1 - 11
Mots-clés : Fourier series; Laplace equations; finite element analysis; machine theory; magnetic fields; permanent magnet generators; synchronous generators Résumé : An analytical method to determine the no-load and armature reaction magnetic fields of a single-sided, axial flux permanent-magnet synchronous generator without armature core is presented. Laplace's equation is solved in the rectangular coordinate system to give the scalar magnetic potentials, using a Fourier series method. For computation of the armature reaction field, a multi-current-sheet model is employed in order to account for the distributed nature of armature conductors in the axial direction. Finite element analysis and experimental results on a prototype machine are presented for verifying the accuracy of the proposed method. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4776485&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 12 - 20
Titre : Efficiency optimization of two-asymmetrical-winding induction motor based on swarm intelligence Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Amin, A. M. A., Auteur ; El Korfally, M. I., Auteur ; Sayed, A. A., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 12 - 20 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Angular velocity control; induction motors; machine vector control; machine windings; particle swarm optimisation; rotors; torque Résumé : In this paper, applying field orientation based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) controls the speed of two-asymmetrical-winding induction motor. The maximum efficiency of the motor is obtained by the evaluation of optimal rotor flux at any operating point. In addition, the electromagnetic torque is also improved while maintaining a fast dynamic response. In this research, a novel approach is used to evaluate the optimal rotor flux level. This approach is based on PSO. This research presents two speed control strategies. These are field-oriented controller (FOC) and FOC based on PSO. The strategies are implemented mathematically and experimentally. The simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that the FOC based on PSO method saves more energy than the conventional FOC method. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4757297&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Efficiency optimization of two-asymmetrical-winding induction motor based on swarm intelligence [texte imprimé] / Amin, A. M. A., Auteur ; El Korfally, M. I., Auteur ; Sayed, A. A., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 12 - 20.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 12 - 20
Mots-clés : Angular velocity control; induction motors; machine vector control; machine windings; particle swarm optimisation; rotors; torque Résumé : In this paper, applying field orientation based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) controls the speed of two-asymmetrical-winding induction motor. The maximum efficiency of the motor is obtained by the evaluation of optimal rotor flux at any operating point. In addition, the electromagnetic torque is also improved while maintaining a fast dynamic response. In this research, a novel approach is used to evaluate the optimal rotor flux level. This approach is based on PSO. This research presents two speed control strategies. These are field-oriented controller (FOC) and FOC based on PSO. The strategies are implemented mathematically and experimentally. The simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that the FOC based on PSO method saves more energy than the conventional FOC method. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4757297&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 21 - 29
Titre : Analysis and real-time testing of a controlled single-phase wavelet-modulated inverter for capacitor-run induction motors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Saleh, S. A., Auteur ; Rahman, M. A., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 21 - 29 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bridge circuits; induction motor drives; invertors; machine control; machine testing; switching convertors; wavelet transforms Résumé : This paper presents the experimental performance of an inverter-fed single-phase ( 1Phi) capacitor-run induction motor (IM) drive. The new 1Phi voltage-source four-pulse H-bridge wavelet-modulated (WM) inverter is employed to implement the proposed 1Phi motor drive. The WM inverter is operated by switching pulses generated by a unique nondyadic wavelet basis-functions-based multiresolution analysis (MRA). The synthesis part of this MRA has a scale--time structure such that the scale increase/decrease patterns are related to the sign of the first derivative of the reference-modulating signal. Adjusting zero-crossing locations of the first derivative of the reference-modulating signal can change scales of successive dilated and shifted versions of the synthesis scaling function. This approach of changing inverter switching pulses is called the resolution-level control (RLC) strategy, and can be used to adjust the motor input voltage. The proposed 1Phi motor drive incorporating an RLC WM inverter is successfully implemented in real time using a digital signal processor board ds1102 for a 1/2 hp, 1750 r/min capacitor-run IM. The efficacy of the proposed WM-based 1Phi IM drive is verified by both simulation and experimental results at various operating conditions. A performance comparison with a conventional proportional-integral controller is also provided to show the superiority of the proposed technique. Simulation and experimental test results of the proposed WM-based drive demonstrate robust performance, simple implementation, significant dynamic response improvements, and an ability to maintain high-quality inverter outputs. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4781626&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Analysis and real-time testing of a controlled single-phase wavelet-modulated inverter for capacitor-run induction motors [texte imprimé] / Saleh, S. A., Auteur ; Rahman, M. A., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 21 - 29.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 21 - 29
Mots-clés : Bridge circuits; induction motor drives; invertors; machine control; machine testing; switching convertors; wavelet transforms Résumé : This paper presents the experimental performance of an inverter-fed single-phase ( 1Phi) capacitor-run induction motor (IM) drive. The new 1Phi voltage-source four-pulse H-bridge wavelet-modulated (WM) inverter is employed to implement the proposed 1Phi motor drive. The WM inverter is operated by switching pulses generated by a unique nondyadic wavelet basis-functions-based multiresolution analysis (MRA). The synthesis part of this MRA has a scale--time structure such that the scale increase/decrease patterns are related to the sign of the first derivative of the reference-modulating signal. Adjusting zero-crossing locations of the first derivative of the reference-modulating signal can change scales of successive dilated and shifted versions of the synthesis scaling function. This approach of changing inverter switching pulses is called the resolution-level control (RLC) strategy, and can be used to adjust the motor input voltage. The proposed 1Phi motor drive incorporating an RLC WM inverter is successfully implemented in real time using a digital signal processor board ds1102 for a 1/2 hp, 1750 r/min capacitor-run IM. The efficacy of the proposed WM-based 1Phi IM drive is verified by both simulation and experimental results at various operating conditions. A performance comparison with a conventional proportional-integral controller is also provided to show the superiority of the proposed technique. Simulation and experimental test results of the proposed WM-based drive demonstrate robust performance, simple implementation, significant dynamic response improvements, and an ability to maintain high-quality inverter outputs. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4781626&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 30 - 42
Titre : Development of a Switched-Reluctance Motor Drive With PFC Front End Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jui-Yuan Chai, Auteur ; Chang-Ming Liaw, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 30 - 42 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Electric current control; machine control; power factor correction; rectifying circuits; reluctance motor drives; robust control; switched mode power supplies; velocity control Résumé : In this paper, the development and control for a switched-reluctance motor (SRM) drive with front-end switch-mode rectifier (SMR) are presented, and good motor driving performance and line drawn power quality are obtained. In the SMR, the dc-link voltage spikes caused by periodic pulse-type motor currents are eliminated using high-frequency small capacitor. And the bulky capacitor is designed according to the specified double-frequency voltage ripple. Then, the robust voltage and current schemes are developed to yield excellent and robust SMR control performance. Having well-regulated and adjustable dc-link voltage source, the performance enhancements of the SRM in vibration as well as current and speed dynamic responses are performed and evaluated. The robust current and speed control schemes are designed to yield improved driving performance. In addition to voltage boosting, the commutation advanced shift is proposed to further the improve current and speed dynamic responses, the torque-generating capability, and the vibration of SRM. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4770146&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Development of a Switched-Reluctance Motor Drive With PFC Front End [texte imprimé] / Jui-Yuan Chai, Auteur ; Chang-Ming Liaw, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 30 - 42.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 30 - 42
Mots-clés : Electric current control; machine control; power factor correction; rectifying circuits; reluctance motor drives; robust control; switched mode power supplies; velocity control Résumé : In this paper, the development and control for a switched-reluctance motor (SRM) drive with front-end switch-mode rectifier (SMR) are presented, and good motor driving performance and line drawn power quality are obtained. In the SMR, the dc-link voltage spikes caused by periodic pulse-type motor currents are eliminated using high-frequency small capacitor. And the bulky capacitor is designed according to the specified double-frequency voltage ripple. Then, the robust voltage and current schemes are developed to yield excellent and robust SMR control performance. Having well-regulated and adjustable dc-link voltage source, the performance enhancements of the SRM in vibration as well as current and speed dynamic responses are performed and evaluated. The robust current and speed control schemes are designed to yield improved driving performance. In addition to voltage boosting, the commutation advanced shift is proposed to further the improve current and speed dynamic responses, the torque-generating capability, and the vibration of SRM. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4770146&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 43 - 51
Titre : Online synchronous machine parameter extraction from small-signal injection techniques Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jing Huang, Auteur ; Corzine, K. A., Auteur ; Belkhayat, M., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 43 - 51 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Choppers (circuits); genetic algorithms; machine control; parameter estimation; synchronous machines Résumé : This paper proposes using a novel line-to-line voltage perturbation as a technique for online measurement of synchronous machine parameters. The perturbation is created by a chopper circuit connected between two phases of the machine. Using this method, it is possible to obtain the full set of four complex small-signal impedances of the synchronous machine d-q model over a wide frequency range. Typically, two chopper switching frequencies are needed to obtain one data point. However, it is shown herein that, due to the symmetry of the machine equations, only one chopper switching frequency is needed to obtain the information. A 3.7-kW machine system is simulated, and then constructed for validation of the impedance measurement technique. A genetic algorithm is then used to obtain IEEE standard model parameters from the d -q impedances. The resulting parameters are shown to be similar to those obtained by a series of tests involving synchronous reactance measurements and a standstill frequency response. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783111&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Online synchronous machine parameter extraction from small-signal injection techniques [texte imprimé] / Jing Huang, Auteur ; Corzine, K. A., Auteur ; Belkhayat, M., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 43 - 51.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 43 - 51
Mots-clés : Choppers (circuits); genetic algorithms; machine control; parameter estimation; synchronous machines Résumé : This paper proposes using a novel line-to-line voltage perturbation as a technique for online measurement of synchronous machine parameters. The perturbation is created by a chopper circuit connected between two phases of the machine. Using this method, it is possible to obtain the full set of four complex small-signal impedances of the synchronous machine d-q model over a wide frequency range. Typically, two chopper switching frequencies are needed to obtain one data point. However, it is shown herein that, due to the symmetry of the machine equations, only one chopper switching frequency is needed to obtain the information. A 3.7-kW machine system is simulated, and then constructed for validation of the impedance measurement technique. A genetic algorithm is then used to obtain IEEE standard model parameters from the d -q impedances. The resulting parameters are shown to be similar to those obtained by a series of tests involving synchronous reactance measurements and a standstill frequency response. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783111&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 52 - 59
Titre : Improved resolution of the MCSA method via Hilbert transform, enabling the diagnosis of rotor asymmetries at very low slip Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Puche-Panadero, R., Auteur ; Pineda-Sanchez, Manuel, Auteur ; Riera-Guasp, Martin, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 52 - 59 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Hilbert transforms; fast Fourier transforms; fault diagnosis; machine testing; rotors; signal sampling; spectral analysis; squirrel cage motors; stators Résumé : This paper proposes an online/offline induction motor current signature analysis (MCSA) with advanced signal-and-data-processing algorithms, based on the Hilbert transform. MCSA is a method for motor diagnosis with stator-current signals. Although it is one of the most powerful online methods for diagnosing motor faults, it has some drawbacks that can degrade the performance and accuracy of a motor-diagnosis system. In particular, it is very difficult to detect broken rotor bars when the motor is operating at low slip or under no load, due to fast Fourier transform (FFT) frequency leakage and the small amplitude of the current components related to the fault. Therefore, advanced signal-and-data-processing algorithms are proposed. They consist of a proper sample selection algorithm, a Hilbert transformation of the stator-sampled current, and spectral analysis via FFT of the modulus of the resultant time-dependent vector modulus for achieving MCSA efficiently. Experimental results obtained on a 1.1 kW three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor are discussed. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749311&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Improved resolution of the MCSA method via Hilbert transform, enabling the diagnosis of rotor asymmetries at very low slip [texte imprimé] / Puche-Panadero, R., Auteur ; Pineda-Sanchez, Manuel, Auteur ; Riera-Guasp, Martin, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 52 - 59.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 52 - 59
Mots-clés : Hilbert transforms; fast Fourier transforms; fault diagnosis; machine testing; rotors; signal sampling; spectral analysis; squirrel cage motors; stators Résumé : This paper proposes an online/offline induction motor current signature analysis (MCSA) with advanced signal-and-data-processing algorithms, based on the Hilbert transform. MCSA is a method for motor diagnosis with stator-current signals. Although it is one of the most powerful online methods for diagnosing motor faults, it has some drawbacks that can degrade the performance and accuracy of a motor-diagnosis system. In particular, it is very difficult to detect broken rotor bars when the motor is operating at low slip or under no load, due to fast Fourier transform (FFT) frequency leakage and the small amplitude of the current components related to the fault. Therefore, advanced signal-and-data-processing algorithms are proposed. They consist of a proper sample selection algorithm, a Hilbert transformation of the stator-sampled current, and spectral analysis via FFT of the modulus of the resultant time-dependent vector modulus for achieving MCSA efficiently. Experimental results obtained on a 1.1 kW three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor are discussed. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749311&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 60 - 67
Titre : Sensorless slowdown detection method for single-phase induction motors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ferreyre, F., Auteur ; Goyet, R., Auteur ; Clerc, G., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 60 - 67 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Electric current measurement; induction motors; power capacitors; voltage measurement Résumé : The single-phase capacitor-run induction motor is generally used for fractional power in applications where the price is an important criterion. In order to save costs, one tries to estimate the speed on the basis of voltage and current measurements, and thus avoid a speed sensor. The techniques used are very varied. In the last few years, they have included numerous patents and often the use of microcontrollers. First of all, this paper shows the analytical characteristics of the induction motor with its capacitor. It explains the different possible methods to assess the speed. Then, the paper suggests a realization using one of these methods on a motor of a rolling shutter. The setup tested implements a microcontroller that cuts off the supply as soon as an abnormal reduction in speed is observed on a basis of a voltage measurement. This paper details the implementation on the industrial application. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783062&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Sensorless slowdown detection method for single-phase induction motors [texte imprimé] / Ferreyre, F., Auteur ; Goyet, R., Auteur ; Clerc, G., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 60 - 67.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 60 - 67
Mots-clés : Electric current measurement; induction motors; power capacitors; voltage measurement Résumé : The single-phase capacitor-run induction motor is generally used for fractional power in applications where the price is an important criterion. In order to save costs, one tries to estimate the speed on the basis of voltage and current measurements, and thus avoid a speed sensor. The techniques used are very varied. In the last few years, they have included numerous patents and often the use of microcontrollers. First of all, this paper shows the analytical characteristics of the induction motor with its capacitor. It explains the different possible methods to assess the speed. Then, the paper suggests a realization using one of these methods on a motor of a rolling shutter. The setup tested implements a microcontroller that cuts off the supply as soon as an abnormal reduction in speed is observed on a basis of a voltage measurement. This paper details the implementation on the industrial application. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783062&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 68 - 76
Titre : Behavior of the three-phase induction motor with spiral sheet rotor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mujal-Rosas, R., Auteur ; O. B. Aragones, Auteur ; Fajula, X. C., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 68 - 76 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Induction motors; machine testing; rotors; shapes (structures) Résumé : Improvements in torque at low currents using a rotor with spiral sheets are analyzed. Several rotors and stators have been built combining different constructive and mechanical characteristics of the related elements: inertias, constructive materials, geometrical shapes of the sheets, and geometrical disposition of the sheets. These different types of motors have been simulated using computer-aided tools and then tested in the laboratory. Finally, four stators (1000, 1500, 1500-type A, and 3000 r/min), with the same constructive parameters, have been simulated and tested with the following rotors types: solid rotor, solid rotor with diamagnetic rings, drag cup, and simple and double squirrel cage rotor; the results have been compared to those obtained with the seven variants of the spiral sheet rotor presented in this paper. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4757262&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Behavior of the three-phase induction motor with spiral sheet rotor [texte imprimé] / Mujal-Rosas, R., Auteur ; O. B. Aragones, Auteur ; Fajula, X. C., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 68 - 76.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 68 - 76
Mots-clés : Induction motors; machine testing; rotors; shapes (structures) Résumé : Improvements in torque at low currents using a rotor with spiral sheets are analyzed. Several rotors and stators have been built combining different constructive and mechanical characteristics of the related elements: inertias, constructive materials, geometrical shapes of the sheets, and geometrical disposition of the sheets. These different types of motors have been simulated using computer-aided tools and then tested in the laboratory. Finally, four stators (1000, 1500, 1500-type A, and 3000 r/min), with the same constructive parameters, have been simulated and tested with the following rotors types: solid rotor, solid rotor with diamagnetic rings, drag cup, and simple and double squirrel cage rotor; the results have been compared to those obtained with the seven variants of the spiral sheet rotor presented in this paper. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4757262&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 77 - 81
Titre : Analysis of flux leakage in a segmented core brushless permanent magnet motor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Momen, M. F., Auteur ; Datta, S., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 77 - 81 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Finite element analysis; permanent magnet motors Résumé : This paper presents an analytical model to analyze the leakage flux associated with a brushless permanent magnet motor that utilizes segmented stator core. Due to the presence of a segmented stator structure, the leakage of flux through the tooth tips becomes worthy of analysis and consideration in such a motor. A leakage parameter alpha is developed to show the effects of various design parameters on tooth-tip flux leakage that is essential in accurately predicting the air gap flux density and other output parameters in the motor. Finite-element analysis and experimental verifications are also done to validate the analytical model. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4781625&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Analysis of flux leakage in a segmented core brushless permanent magnet motor [texte imprimé] / Momen, M. F., Auteur ; Datta, S., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 77 - 81.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 77 - 81
Mots-clés : Finite element analysis; permanent magnet motors Résumé : This paper presents an analytical model to analyze the leakage flux associated with a brushless permanent magnet motor that utilizes segmented stator core. Due to the presence of a segmented stator structure, the leakage of flux through the tooth tips becomes worthy of analysis and consideration in such a motor. A leakage parameter alpha is developed to show the effects of various design parameters on tooth-tip flux leakage that is essential in accurately predicting the air gap flux density and other output parameters in the motor. Finite-element analysis and experimental verifications are also done to validate the analytical model. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4781625&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 82 - 92
Titre : Optimization of multibrid permanent-magnet wind generator systems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Li, Hui, Auteur ; Zhe, Chen, Auteur ; Polinder, H., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 82 - 92 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gears; genetic algorithms; permanent magnet generators; power convertors; wind turbines Résumé : This paper investigates the cost-effective ranges of gearbox ratios and power ratings of multibrid permanent-magnet (PM) wind generator systems by using a design optimization method. First, the analytical model of a multibrid wind turbine concept consisting of a single-stage gearbox and a three-phase radial-flux PM synchronous generator with a back-to-back power converter is presented. The design optimization is adopted with a genetic algorithm for minimizing generator system cost. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed electromagnetic design model, the optimization results of a 500-kW direct-drive PM generator and a 1.5-MW multibrid PM generator with various gear ratios are, respectively, compared with those from other methods. Then, the optimal design approach is further employed for a range from 750 kW up to 10 MW. The optimization results of PM generator systems including direct-drive and multibrid wind turbine configurations are obtained, and the suitable ranges of gear ratios for different power ratings are investigated. Finally, the detailed comparisons of the most cost-effective multibrid PM generator system and the optimized direct-drive PM generator system are also presented and discussed. The comparative results have shown that the multibrid wind turbine concept appears more cost-effective than the direct-drive concept. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783055&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Optimization of multibrid permanent-magnet wind generator systems [texte imprimé] / Li, Hui, Auteur ; Zhe, Chen, Auteur ; Polinder, H., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 82 - 92.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 82 - 92
Mots-clés : Gears; genetic algorithms; permanent magnet generators; power convertors; wind turbines Résumé : This paper investigates the cost-effective ranges of gearbox ratios and power ratings of multibrid permanent-magnet (PM) wind generator systems by using a design optimization method. First, the analytical model of a multibrid wind turbine concept consisting of a single-stage gearbox and a three-phase radial-flux PM synchronous generator with a back-to-back power converter is presented. The design optimization is adopted with a genetic algorithm for minimizing generator system cost. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed electromagnetic design model, the optimization results of a 500-kW direct-drive PM generator and a 1.5-MW multibrid PM generator with various gear ratios are, respectively, compared with those from other methods. Then, the optimal design approach is further employed for a range from 750 kW up to 10 MW. The optimization results of PM generator systems including direct-drive and multibrid wind turbine configurations are obtained, and the suitable ranges of gear ratios for different power ratings are investigated. Finally, the detailed comparisons of the most cost-effective multibrid PM generator system and the optimized direct-drive PM generator system are also presented and discussed. The comparative results have shown that the multibrid wind turbine concept appears more cost-effective than the direct-drive concept. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783055&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 93 - 101
Titre : A single-stage single-phase transformer-less doubly grounded grid-connected PV interface Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Patel, H., Auteur ; Agarwal, V., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 93 - 101 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Earthing; harmonic distortion; invertors; photovoltaic power systems; power grids; tracking Résumé : A transformer provides galvanic isolation and grounding of the photovoltaic (PV) array in a PV-fed grid-connected inverter. Inclusion of the transformer, however, may increase the cost and/or bulk of the system. To overcome this drawback, a single-phase, single-stage [no extra converter for voltage boost or maximum power point tracking (MPPT)], doubly grounded, transformer-less PV interface, based on the buck-boost principle, is presented. The configuration is compact and uses lesser components. Only one (undivided) PV source and one buck-boost inductor are used and shared between the two half cycles, which prevents asymmetrical operation and parameter mismatch problems. Total harmonic distortion and DC component of the current supplied to the grid is low, compared to existing topologies and conform to standards like IEEE 1547. A brief review of the existing, transformer-less, grid-connected inverter topologies is also included. It is demonstrated that, as compared to the split PV source topology, the proposed configuration is more effective in MPPT and array utilization. Design and analysis of the inverter in discontinuous conduction mode is carried out. Simulation and experimental results are presented. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4781557&sortType%3Das [...] [article] A single-stage single-phase transformer-less doubly grounded grid-connected PV interface [texte imprimé] / Patel, H., Auteur ; Agarwal, V., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 93 - 101.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 93 - 101
Mots-clés : Earthing; harmonic distortion; invertors; photovoltaic power systems; power grids; tracking Résumé : A transformer provides galvanic isolation and grounding of the photovoltaic (PV) array in a PV-fed grid-connected inverter. Inclusion of the transformer, however, may increase the cost and/or bulk of the system. To overcome this drawback, a single-phase, single-stage [no extra converter for voltage boost or maximum power point tracking (MPPT)], doubly grounded, transformer-less PV interface, based on the buck-boost principle, is presented. The configuration is compact and uses lesser components. Only one (undivided) PV source and one buck-boost inductor are used and shared between the two half cycles, which prevents asymmetrical operation and parameter mismatch problems. Total harmonic distortion and DC component of the current supplied to the grid is low, compared to existing topologies and conform to standards like IEEE 1547. A brief review of the existing, transformer-less, grid-connected inverter topologies is also included. It is demonstrated that, as compared to the split PV source topology, the proposed configuration is more effective in MPPT and array utilization. Design and analysis of the inverter in discontinuous conduction mode is carried out. Simulation and experimental results are presented. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4781557&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 102 - 111
Titre : The impact of tower shadow, yaw error, and wind shears on power quality in a wind–diesel system Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fadaeinedjad, R., Auteur ; Moschopoulos, G., Auteur ; M. Moallem, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 102 - 111 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Diesel-electric generators; hybrid power systems; power supply quality; power system analysis computing; wind turbines Résumé : To study the impact of aerodynamic aspects of a wind turbine (WT) (i.e., tower shadow, wind shears, yaw error, and turbulence) on the power quality of a wind-diesel system, all electrical, mechanical, and aerodynamic aspects of the WT must be studied. Moreover, the contribution of the diesel generator system and its controllers should be considered. This paper describes how the aerodynamic and mechanical aspects of a WT can be simulated using TurbSim, AeroDyn, and FAST where the electrical parts of WT, diesel generator, its controllers, and electrical loads are modeled by Simulink blocks. Simulation results obtained from the model are used to observe the power and voltage variations at the WT generator terminals under different operating conditions. Furthermore, the effects of tower shadow, wind shears, yaw error, and turbulence on the power quality in a stand-alone wind-diesel system utilizing a fixed-speed WT are studied. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4760263&sortType%3Das [...] [article] The impact of tower shadow, yaw error, and wind shears on power quality in a wind–diesel system [texte imprimé] / Fadaeinedjad, R., Auteur ; Moschopoulos, G., Auteur ; M. Moallem, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 102 - 111.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 102 - 111
Mots-clés : Diesel-electric generators; hybrid power systems; power supply quality; power system analysis computing; wind turbines Résumé : To study the impact of aerodynamic aspects of a wind turbine (WT) (i.e., tower shadow, wind shears, yaw error, and turbulence) on the power quality of a wind-diesel system, all electrical, mechanical, and aerodynamic aspects of the WT must be studied. Moreover, the contribution of the diesel generator system and its controllers should be considered. This paper describes how the aerodynamic and mechanical aspects of a WT can be simulated using TurbSim, AeroDyn, and FAST where the electrical parts of WT, diesel generator, its controllers, and electrical loads are modeled by Simulink blocks. Simulation results obtained from the model are used to observe the power and voltage variations at the WT generator terminals under different operating conditions. Furthermore, the effects of tower shadow, wind shears, yaw error, and turbulence on the power quality in a stand-alone wind-diesel system utilizing a fixed-speed WT are studied. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4760263&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 112 - 124
Titre : Numerical modeling of thermoelectric generators with varing material properties in a circuit simulator Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Min Chen, Auteur ; Rosendahl, L. A., Auteur ; Condra, T. J., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 112 - 124 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Circuit simulation; numerical analysis; power system simulation; thermoelectric conversion Résumé : When a thermoelectric generator (TEG) and its external load circuitry are considered together as a system, the codesign and co-optimization of the electronics and the device are crucial in maximizing the system efficiency. In this paper, an accurate TEG model is proposed and implemented in a SPICE-compatible environment. This model of thermoelectric battery accounts for all temperature-dependent characteristics of the thermoelectric materials to include the nonlinear voltage, current, and electrothermal coupled effects. It is validated with simulation data from the recognized program ANSYS and experimental data from a real thermoelectric device, respectively. Within a common circuit simulator, the model can be easily connected to various electrical models of applied loads to predict and optimize the system performance. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4776483&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Numerical modeling of thermoelectric generators with varing material properties in a circuit simulator [texte imprimé] / Min Chen, Auteur ; Rosendahl, L. A., Auteur ; Condra, T. J., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 112 - 124.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 112 - 124
Mots-clés : Circuit simulation; numerical analysis; power system simulation; thermoelectric conversion Résumé : When a thermoelectric generator (TEG) and its external load circuitry are considered together as a system, the codesign and co-optimization of the electronics and the device are crucial in maximizing the system efficiency. In this paper, an accurate TEG model is proposed and implemented in a SPICE-compatible environment. This model of thermoelectric battery accounts for all temperature-dependent characteristics of the thermoelectric materials to include the nonlinear voltage, current, and electrothermal coupled effects. It is validated with simulation data from the recognized program ANSYS and experimental data from a real thermoelectric device, respectively. Within a common circuit simulator, the model can be easily connected to various electrical models of applied loads to predict and optimize the system performance. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4776483&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 125 - 136
Titre : Short-term prediction of wind farm power : a data mining approach Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kusiak, A., Auteur ; Haiyang, Zheng, Auteur ; Zhe, Song, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 125 - 136 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Data mining; power system analysis computing; wind power plants Résumé : This paper examines time series models for predicting the power of a wind farm at different time scales, i.e., 10-min and hour-long intervals. The time series models are built with data mining algorithms. Five different data mining algorithms have been tested on various wind farm datasets. Two of the five algorithms performed particularly well. The support vector machine regression algorithm provides accurate predictions of wind power and wind speed at 10-min intervals up to 1 h into the future, while the multilayer perceptron algorithm is accurate in predicting power over hour-long intervals up to 4 h ahead. Wind speed can be predicted fairly accurately based on its historical values; however, the power cannot be accurately determined given a power curve model and the predicted wind speed. Test computational results of all time series models and data mining algorithms are discussed. The tests were performed on data generated at a wind farm of 100 turbines. Suggestions for future research are provided. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749292&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Short-term prediction of wind farm power : a data mining approach [texte imprimé] / Kusiak, A., Auteur ; Haiyang, Zheng, Auteur ; Zhe, Song, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 125 - 136.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 125 - 136
Mots-clés : Data mining; power system analysis computing; wind power plants Résumé : This paper examines time series models for predicting the power of a wind farm at different time scales, i.e., 10-min and hour-long intervals. The time series models are built with data mining algorithms. Five different data mining algorithms have been tested on various wind farm datasets. Two of the five algorithms performed particularly well. The support vector machine regression algorithm provides accurate predictions of wind power and wind speed at 10-min intervals up to 1 h into the future, while the multilayer perceptron algorithm is accurate in predicting power over hour-long intervals up to 4 h ahead. Wind speed can be predicted fairly accurately based on its historical values; however, the power cannot be accurately determined given a power curve model and the predicted wind speed. Test computational results of all time series models and data mining algorithms are discussed. The tests were performed on data generated at a wind farm of 100 turbines. Suggestions for future research are provided. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749292&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 137 - 145
Titre : Microgrid dynamic performance improvement using a doubly fed induction wind generator Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Shahabi, M., Auteur ; Haghifam, M.- R., Auteur ; Mohamadian, M., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 137 - 145 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; distributed power generation; frequency control; power grids; voltage control; wind power plants Résumé : This paper describes a control approach applied on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) to provide both voltage and frequency regulation capabilities, and hence, an improvement in the dynamic behavior of a microgrid system. The microgrid system is assumed to be a portion of a medium voltage distribution feeder and is supplied by two distributed generation (DG) units, i.e., a gas-turbine synchronous generator and a variable-speed wind turbine with DFIG. A control approach algorithm is proposed for the DFIG unit to improve both voltage and primary frequency controls. Two distinct operation modes, i.e., grid-connected and islanding mode, are used in the proposed approach for proper transfer from normal to islanding operation. Case studies are simulated based on both planned and unplanned islanding scenarios to evaluate the performance of the control approach. The study results show that the proposed control approach for DGs in the microgrid increase the microgrid system's dynamic performance, reduce frequency changes, and improve bus voltages regulation during islanding and autonomous operations. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4781552&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Microgrid dynamic performance improvement using a doubly fed induction wind generator [texte imprimé] / Shahabi, M., Auteur ; Haghifam, M.- R., Auteur ; Mohamadian, M., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 137 - 145.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 137 - 145
Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; distributed power generation; frequency control; power grids; voltage control; wind power plants Résumé : This paper describes a control approach applied on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) to provide both voltage and frequency regulation capabilities, and hence, an improvement in the dynamic behavior of a microgrid system. The microgrid system is assumed to be a portion of a medium voltage distribution feeder and is supplied by two distributed generation (DG) units, i.e., a gas-turbine synchronous generator and a variable-speed wind turbine with DFIG. A control approach algorithm is proposed for the DFIG unit to improve both voltage and primary frequency controls. Two distinct operation modes, i.e., grid-connected and islanding mode, are used in the proposed approach for proper transfer from normal to islanding operation. Case studies are simulated based on both planned and unplanned islanding scenarios to evaluate the performance of the control approach. The study results show that the proposed control approach for DGs in the microgrid increase the microgrid system's dynamic performance, reduce frequency changes, and improve bus voltages regulation during islanding and autonomous operations. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4781552&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 146 - 152
Titre : Laboratory studies of a new stator slot wedge tester for HV generators Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiang, Peng, Auteur ; Zhidong, Jia, Auteur ; Shengqiang, Gao, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 146 - 152 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Digital signal processing chips; electric generators; electric machine analysis computing; hardware-software codesign; machine testing; machine windings Résumé : Stator winding vibration is the most common cause of unexpected failure of high-voltage (HV) generators. Stator bars are generally fixed in slots by using slot wedges and a side packing system. Loose slot wedges could result in excessive vibration of the stator bars, which would accelerate the deterioration of the ground wall insulation. Loose slot wedge testing is consequently one of the most important general examination procedures to make sure the condition of HV generators. The common method used for slot wedge testing is manual measurement, whereby the slot wedge is tapped by hand using a small hammer. A judgment on looseness is made based on the sound from it. A digital signal processor (DSP)-based loose slot wedge tester is described in detail in this paper, including both hardware and software design. It was developed in our laboratory based on the study of slot wedge vibration characteristics in its loosening process. Since embedded software system of the DSP is oriented to a specific industrial field while PC system is of a general purpose, the device has many advantages compared to traditional manual measurement or other slot wedge testing equipment, such as portability, high intelligence, low power consumption, etc. The tester was applied for laboratory loose slot wedge testing of a slot model. The test results soundly verified the good performance of the device. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749290&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Laboratory studies of a new stator slot wedge tester for HV generators [texte imprimé] / Xiang, Peng, Auteur ; Zhidong, Jia, Auteur ; Shengqiang, Gao, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 146 - 152.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 146 - 152
Mots-clés : Digital signal processing chips; electric generators; electric machine analysis computing; hardware-software codesign; machine testing; machine windings Résumé : Stator winding vibration is the most common cause of unexpected failure of high-voltage (HV) generators. Stator bars are generally fixed in slots by using slot wedges and a side packing system. Loose slot wedges could result in excessive vibration of the stator bars, which would accelerate the deterioration of the ground wall insulation. Loose slot wedge testing is consequently one of the most important general examination procedures to make sure the condition of HV generators. The common method used for slot wedge testing is manual measurement, whereby the slot wedge is tapped by hand using a small hammer. A judgment on looseness is made based on the sound from it. A digital signal processor (DSP)-based loose slot wedge tester is described in detail in this paper, including both hardware and software design. It was developed in our laboratory based on the study of slot wedge vibration characteristics in its loosening process. Since embedded software system of the DSP is oriented to a specific industrial field while PC system is of a general purpose, the device has many advantages compared to traditional manual measurement or other slot wedge testing equipment, such as portability, high intelligence, low power consumption, etc. The tester was applied for laboratory loose slot wedge testing of a slot model. The test results soundly verified the good performance of the device. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749290&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 153 - 162
Titre : A coordinated control method for leveling PV output power fluctuations of PV–diesel hybrid systems connected to isolated power utility Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Datta, M., Auteur ; Senjyu, T., Auteur ; Yona, A., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 153 - 162 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Diesel-electric generators; hybrid power systems; photovoltaic power systems; power convertors; power grids; power system reliability Résumé : A photovoltaic (PV) system's power output is not constant and fluctuates depending on weather conditions. Fluctuating power causes frequency deviations and reduction in reliability of the isolated power utility or microgrid when large output power from several PV systems is penetrated in the utility. In this paper, to overcome these problems, a simple coordinated control method for leveling the fluctuations of combined power output from multiple PV systems is proposed. The conflicting objective of output power leveling and acquisition power increase is achieved by means of the proposed method. Here, output power command is generated in two steps: central and local. Fuzzy reasoning is used to generate the central leveling output power command considering insolation, variance of insolation, and absolute average of frequency deviation. In local step, a simple coordination is maintained between central power command and local power commands by producing a common tuning factor. Power converters are used to achieve the same output power as local command power employing PI control law for each of the PV generation systems. The proposed method is compared with the method where a modified maximum power point tracking control is used for smoothing the short-term change in each of the PV system's output. Simulation results show that the proposed method is effective for leveling output power fluctuations and feasible to reduce the frequency deviations of the isolated power utility to maintain reliability. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783112&sortType%3Das [...] [article] A coordinated control method for leveling PV output power fluctuations of PV–diesel hybrid systems connected to isolated power utility [texte imprimé] / Datta, M., Auteur ; Senjyu, T., Auteur ; Yona, A., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 153 - 162.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 153 - 162
Mots-clés : Diesel-electric generators; hybrid power systems; photovoltaic power systems; power convertors; power grids; power system reliability Résumé : A photovoltaic (PV) system's power output is not constant and fluctuates depending on weather conditions. Fluctuating power causes frequency deviations and reduction in reliability of the isolated power utility or microgrid when large output power from several PV systems is penetrated in the utility. In this paper, to overcome these problems, a simple coordinated control method for leveling the fluctuations of combined power output from multiple PV systems is proposed. The conflicting objective of output power leveling and acquisition power increase is achieved by means of the proposed method. Here, output power command is generated in two steps: central and local. Fuzzy reasoning is used to generate the central leveling output power command considering insolation, variance of insolation, and absolute average of frequency deviation. In local step, a simple coordination is maintained between central power command and local power commands by producing a common tuning factor. Power converters are used to achieve the same output power as local command power employing PI control law for each of the PV generation systems. The proposed method is compared with the method where a modified maximum power point tracking control is used for smoothing the short-term change in each of the PV system's output. Simulation results show that the proposed method is effective for leveling output power fluctuations and feasible to reduce the frequency deviations of the isolated power utility to maintain reliability. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783112&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 163 - 172
Titre : Multicriteria design of hybrid power generation systems based on a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lingfeng; Wang, Auteur ; Singh, C., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 163 - 172 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Air pollution; battery storage plants; cost reduction; hybrid power systems; particle swarm optimisation; photovoltaic power systems; power generation economics; power generation reliability; power grids; probability; renewable energy sources; time series; wind power plants Résumé : Multisource hybrid power generation systems are a type of representative application of the renewables' technology. In this investigation, wind turbine generators, photovoltaic panels, and storage batteries are used to build hybrid generation systems that are optimal in terms of multiple criteria including cost, reliability, and emissions. Multicriteria design facilitates the decision maker to make more rational evaluations. In this study, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to derive these nondominated solutions. Hybrid generation systems under different design scenarios are designed based on the proposed approach. First, a grid-linked hybrid system is designed without incoroprating system uncertainties. Then, adequacy evaluation is conducted based on probabilistic methods by accounting for equipment failures, time-dependent sources of energy, and stochastic generation/load variations. In particular, due to the unpredictability of wind speed and solar insolation as well as the random load variation, time-series models are adopted to reflect their stochastic characteristics. An adequacy evaluation procedure including time-dependent sources, is adopted. Sensitivity studies are also carried out to examine the impacts of different system parameters on the overall design performance. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749288&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Multicriteria design of hybrid power generation systems based on a modified particle swarm optimization algorithm [texte imprimé] / Lingfeng; Wang, Auteur ; Singh, C., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 163 - 172.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 163 - 172
Mots-clés : Air pollution; battery storage plants; cost reduction; hybrid power systems; particle swarm optimisation; photovoltaic power systems; power generation economics; power generation reliability; power grids; probability; renewable energy sources; time series; wind power plants Résumé : Multisource hybrid power generation systems are a type of representative application of the renewables' technology. In this investigation, wind turbine generators, photovoltaic panels, and storage batteries are used to build hybrid generation systems that are optimal in terms of multiple criteria including cost, reliability, and emissions. Multicriteria design facilitates the decision maker to make more rational evaluations. In this study, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to derive these nondominated solutions. Hybrid generation systems under different design scenarios are designed based on the proposed approach. First, a grid-linked hybrid system is designed without incoroprating system uncertainties. Then, adequacy evaluation is conducted based on probabilistic methods by accounting for equipment failures, time-dependent sources of energy, and stochastic generation/load variations. In particular, due to the unpredictability of wind speed and solar insolation as well as the random load variation, time-series models are adopted to reflect their stochastic characteristics. An adequacy evaluation procedure including time-dependent sources, is adopted. Sensitivity studies are also carried out to examine the impacts of different system parameters on the overall design performance. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749288&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 173 - 183
Titre : Modulation and control of three-phase paralleled Z-source inverters for distributed generation applications Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vilathgamuwa, D. M., Auteur ; Gajanayake, C.J., Auteur ; Poh Chiang Loh, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 173 - 183 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Control system synthesis; distributed power generation; invertors; power distribution control; power grids Résumé : This paper presents a modulation and controller design method for paralleled Z-source inverter systems applicable for alternative energy sources like solar cells, fuel cells, or variable-speed wind turbines with front-end diode rectifiers. A modulation scheme is designed based on simple shoot-through principle with interleaved carriers to give enhanced ripple reduction in the system. Subsequently, a control method is proposed to equalize the amount of power injected by the inverters in the grid-connected mode and also to provide reliable supply to sensitive loads on-site in the islanding mode. The modulation and controlling methods are proposed to have modular independence so that redundancy, maintainability, and improved reliability of supply can be achieved. The performance of the proposed paralleled Z-source inverter configuration is validated with simulations carried out using Matlab/Simulink/Powersim. Moreover, a prototype is built in the laboratory to obtain the experimental En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783109&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Modulation and control of three-phase paralleled Z-source inverters for distributed generation applications [texte imprimé] / Vilathgamuwa, D. M., Auteur ; Gajanayake, C.J., Auteur ; Poh Chiang Loh, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 173 - 183.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 173 - 183
Mots-clés : Control system synthesis; distributed power generation; invertors; power distribution control; power grids Résumé : This paper presents a modulation and controller design method for paralleled Z-source inverter systems applicable for alternative energy sources like solar cells, fuel cells, or variable-speed wind turbines with front-end diode rectifiers. A modulation scheme is designed based on simple shoot-through principle with interleaved carriers to give enhanced ripple reduction in the system. Subsequently, a control method is proposed to equalize the amount of power injected by the inverters in the grid-connected mode and also to provide reliable supply to sensitive loads on-site in the islanding mode. The modulation and controlling methods are proposed to have modular independence so that redundancy, maintainability, and improved reliability of supply can be achieved. The performance of the proposed paralleled Z-source inverter configuration is validated with simulations carried out using Matlab/Simulink/Powersim. Moreover, a prototype is built in the laboratory to obtain the experimental En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783109&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 184 - 194
Titre : A synchronous generator internal fault model based on the voltage-behind-reactance representation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vilchis-Rodriguez, D. S., Auteur ; Acha, E., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 184 - 194 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Power system faults; synchronous generators Résumé : An internal fault in a synchronous generator produces an effect similar to increasing the number of grouped coils in the stator winding, making it necessary to use additional time-variant inductances to represent the condition, with the ensuing increase in modeling complexity and computation time required for its solution. In this paper, a new model for the simulation of internal faults in synchronous generators is presented. The model is based on the so-called voltage-behind-reactance (VBR) representation, a contemporary reference frame, which has proved to be numerically more efficient than the classical phase-domain model used to study internal faults in synchronous generators; making it a better fit for large-scale, multimachine power systems applications, the long-term objective of this research work. An implementation for electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) type solutions is presented together with a test case where internal faults are applied, producing results that are in close agreement with results available in the open literature. Furthermore, an external perturbation is also carried out and results match exactly those produced by an equivalent VBR implementation. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783110&sortType%3Das [...] [article] A synchronous generator internal fault model based on the voltage-behind-reactance representation [texte imprimé] / Vilchis-Rodriguez, D. S., Auteur ; Acha, E., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 184 - 194.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 184 - 194
Mots-clés : Power system faults; synchronous generators Résumé : An internal fault in a synchronous generator produces an effect similar to increasing the number of grouped coils in the stator winding, making it necessary to use additional time-variant inductances to represent the condition, with the ensuing increase in modeling complexity and computation time required for its solution. In this paper, a new model for the simulation of internal faults in synchronous generators is presented. The model is based on the so-called voltage-behind-reactance (VBR) representation, a contemporary reference frame, which has proved to be numerically more efficient than the classical phase-domain model used to study internal faults in synchronous generators; making it a better fit for large-scale, multimachine power systems applications, the long-term objective of this research work. An implementation for electromagnetic transients program (EMTP) type solutions is presented together with a test case where internal faults are applied, producing results that are in close agreement with results available in the open literature. Furthermore, an external perturbation is also carried out and results match exactly those produced by an equivalent VBR implementation. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783110&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 195 - 202
Titre : Development of a MATLAB/simulink model of a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ropp, M. E., Auteur ; S. González, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 195 - 202 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Invertors; photovoltaic power systems; power grids; power system simulation Résumé : Because of their deployment in dispersed locations on the lowest voltage portions of the grid, photovoltaic (PV) systems pose unique challenges to power system engineers. Computer models that accurately simulate the relevant behavior of PV systems would thus be of high value. However, most of today's models either do not accurately model the dynamics of the maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) or anti-islanding algorithms, or they involve excessive computational overhead for this application. To address this need, a Matlab/Simulink model of a single-phase grid-connected PV inverter has been developed and experimentally tested. The development of the PV array model, the integration of the MPPT with an averaged model of the power electronics, and the Simulink implementation are described. It is experimentally demonstrated that the model works well in predicting the general behaviors of single-phase grid-connected PV systems. This paper concludes with a discussion of the need for a full gradient-based MPPT model, as opposed to a commonly used simplified MPPT model. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4785259&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Development of a MATLAB/simulink model of a single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system [texte imprimé] / Ropp, M. E., Auteur ; S. González, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 195 - 202.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 195 - 202
Mots-clés : Invertors; photovoltaic power systems; power grids; power system simulation Résumé : Because of their deployment in dispersed locations on the lowest voltage portions of the grid, photovoltaic (PV) systems pose unique challenges to power system engineers. Computer models that accurately simulate the relevant behavior of PV systems would thus be of high value. However, most of today's models either do not accurately model the dynamics of the maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) or anti-islanding algorithms, or they involve excessive computational overhead for this application. To address this need, a Matlab/Simulink model of a single-phase grid-connected PV inverter has been developed and experimentally tested. The development of the PV array model, the integration of the MPPT with an averaged model of the power electronics, and the Simulink implementation are described. It is experimentally demonstrated that the model works well in predicting the general behaviors of single-phase grid-connected PV systems. This paper concludes with a discussion of the need for a full gradient-based MPPT model, as opposed to a commonly used simplified MPPT model. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4785259&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 203 - 210
Titre : Novel half-bridge inductive DC–DC isolated converters for fuel cell applications Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lembeye, Y., Auteur ; Bang, V. D., Auteur ; Lefevre, G., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 203 - 210 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : DC-DC power convertors; fuel cells; power electronics; zero current switching; zero voltage switching Résumé : This paper proposes a new class of converters based on the inductive input converters for the design of a power electronic interface for fuel cell (FC) applications. After studying the half-bridge structure, two soft-switching dc-dc converters are analyzed: one operating in zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) mode and the other in zero-current-switching (ZCS) mode. The ZVS converter can overcome the drawbacks of the original structure but is more complicated. The ZCS converter cannot operate at duty cycles below 0.5, but is simpler and more suitable for FC applications. Flexible choice of components, low losses, high efficiency, and modular converter possibility are all interesting characteristics of these converters. Their operation principle and characteristics are presented in this paper. Experimental results on 2 kW converters of each structure validate the theoretical analysis. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4752797&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Novel half-bridge inductive DC–DC isolated converters for fuel cell applications [texte imprimé] / Lembeye, Y., Auteur ; Bang, V. D., Auteur ; Lefevre, G., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 203 - 210.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 203 - 210
Mots-clés : DC-DC power convertors; fuel cells; power electronics; zero current switching; zero voltage switching Résumé : This paper proposes a new class of converters based on the inductive input converters for the design of a power electronic interface for fuel cell (FC) applications. After studying the half-bridge structure, two soft-switching dc-dc converters are analyzed: one operating in zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) mode and the other in zero-current-switching (ZCS) mode. The ZVS converter can overcome the drawbacks of the original structure but is more complicated. The ZCS converter cannot operate at duty cycles below 0.5, but is simpler and more suitable for FC applications. Flexible choice of components, low losses, high efficiency, and modular converter possibility are all interesting characteristics of these converters. Their operation principle and characteristics are presented in this paper. Experimental results on 2 kW converters of each structure validate the theoretical analysis. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4752797&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 211 - 221
Titre : Extending the modeling framework for wind generation systems : RLS-based paradigm for performance under high turbulence inflow Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Muhando, E. B., Auteur ; Senjyu, T., Auteur ; Kinjo, H., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 211 - 221 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Closed loop systems; control system synthesis; least mean squares methods; nonlinear equations; power generation control; power supply quality; recursive estimation; stochastic processes; three-term control; turbulence; wind power plants Résumé : Strong growth figures prove that wind is now a mainstream option for new power generation. All the successful megawatt-class wind technology developments to date are results of evolutionary design efforts based on the premise that control can significantly improve energy capture and reduce dynamic loads. The main challenge is wind stochasticity that impacts both power quality and drive train fatigue life for a wind generating system. In the proposed paradigm, control is exercised through a self-tuning regulator (STR) that incorporates a recursive least-squares algorithm to predict the process parameters and update the states. In above rated regimes, the control strategy incorporating a pitch regulatory system aims to regulate turbine power and maintain stable, closed-loop behavior in the presence of turbulent wind inflow. The control scheme is formulated based on a detailed performability model; the wind speed is generated by a stochastic model, while the drivetrain is modeled as a multiinertia system linked by a nonideal (KS ne infin) shaft described by nonlinear equations. Computer simulations reveal that achieving the two objectives of maximizing energy extraction and load reduction by the STR becomes more attractive relative to the classical PID controller design. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749310&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Extending the modeling framework for wind generation systems : RLS-based paradigm for performance under high turbulence inflow [texte imprimé] / Muhando, E. B., Auteur ; Senjyu, T., Auteur ; Kinjo, H., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 211 - 221.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 211 - 221
Mots-clés : Closed loop systems; control system synthesis; least mean squares methods; nonlinear equations; power generation control; power supply quality; recursive estimation; stochastic processes; three-term control; turbulence; wind power plants Résumé : Strong growth figures prove that wind is now a mainstream option for new power generation. All the successful megawatt-class wind technology developments to date are results of evolutionary design efforts based on the premise that control can significantly improve energy capture and reduce dynamic loads. The main challenge is wind stochasticity that impacts both power quality and drive train fatigue life for a wind generating system. In the proposed paradigm, control is exercised through a self-tuning regulator (STR) that incorporates a recursive least-squares algorithm to predict the process parameters and update the states. In above rated regimes, the control strategy incorporating a pitch regulatory system aims to regulate turbine power and maintain stable, closed-loop behavior in the presence of turbulent wind inflow. The control scheme is formulated based on a detailed performability model; the wind speed is generated by a stochastic model, while the drivetrain is modeled as a multiinertia system linked by a nonideal (KS ne infin) shaft described by nonlinear equations. Computer simulations reveal that achieving the two objectives of maximizing energy extraction and load reduction by the STR becomes more attractive relative to the classical PID controller design. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749310&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 222 - 229
Titre : A developed offline model for optimal operation of combined heating and cooling and power systems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hashemi, R., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 222 - 229 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cogeneration; electricity supply industry; power generation economics; pricing Résumé : A nonlinear model, called TOOCS-off,1 has been developed in this paper for optimal operation of combined heating, cooling, and power systems. The system includes combined heating power (CHP) module, auxiliary boiler, absorption chiller, heat storage unit, utility grid and electrical, thermal, and cooling loads. In fact, by solving this offline model, we will determine t optimal energy flow regarding both the amounts of electric, thermal, and cooling loads in each time interval and prices of electricity sold to costumers or purchased from utility, and prices of heating and cooling. In the cost function of this model, the total economic benefit of this system is maximized during total daily operation time. The results of an optimal operation model have been discussed techno-economically and a case study has been investigated. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4773222&sortType%3Das [...] [article] A developed offline model for optimal operation of combined heating and cooling and power systems [texte imprimé] / Hashemi, R., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 222 - 229.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 222 - 229
Mots-clés : Cogeneration; electricity supply industry; power generation economics; pricing Résumé : A nonlinear model, called TOOCS-off,1 has been developed in this paper for optimal operation of combined heating, cooling, and power systems. The system includes combined heating power (CHP) module, auxiliary boiler, absorption chiller, heat storage unit, utility grid and electrical, thermal, and cooling loads. In fact, by solving this offline model, we will determine t optimal energy flow regarding both the amounts of electric, thermal, and cooling loads in each time interval and prices of electricity sold to costumers or purchased from utility, and prices of heating and cooling. In the cost function of this model, the total economic benefit of this system is maximized during total daily operation time. The results of an optimal operation model have been discussed techno-economically and a case study has been investigated. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4773222&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 230 - 239
Titre : Analysis of a commercial biogas generation system using a gas engine–induction generator set Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wang, Li, Auteur ; Ping-Yi Lin, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 230 - 239 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; bioenergy conversion; biofuel; distribution networks; eigenvalues and eigenfunctions; electric drives; engines; nonlinear dynamical systems; power system dynamic stability; shafts; starting Résumé : This paper presents both field-measured results and dynamic stability analysis of a commercial 100-kW biogas generation system (BGS). The studied BGS consists of a gas engine (GE) and an induction generator (IG) whose mechanical shaft is directly coupled to the crank of the GE. The stator windings of the IG are directly connected to a three-phase, three-wire 380 V, 60 Hz distribution system through a connection cable and an electromagnetic switch. To start up the BGS, the IG is first operated as both an induction motor (IM) and a GE starter to generate sufficient starting torque to start up the GE. The purified biogas mixed with air of proper proportion inside the combustion chamber of the GE is ignited by spark plugs at correct instants to make GE generate sufficient mechanical torque to drive the IG. When the speed of the IG is higher than its synchronous speed, the IG can deliver electrical power to the distribution system. The employed parameters of the studied IG are calculated by using the manufacturer's certification data and comparing both field-test data and simulated results under two specified operating rotational speeds. Dynamic stability analyses of the studied BGS using eigenvalue analysis and nonlinear model simulations under various values of rotational speed and grid voltage are investigated. It can be concluded from the field- measured data and the simulated results of the studied BGS that the studied GE-IG set has a fast response and exhibits stable and easy grid-connection characteristics for converting biogas energy to electrical energy. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749291&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Analysis of a commercial biogas generation system using a gas engine–induction generator set [texte imprimé] / Wang, Li, Auteur ; Ping-Yi Lin, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 230 - 239.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 230 - 239
Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; bioenergy conversion; biofuel; distribution networks; eigenvalues and eigenfunctions; electric drives; engines; nonlinear dynamical systems; power system dynamic stability; shafts; starting Résumé : This paper presents both field-measured results and dynamic stability analysis of a commercial 100-kW biogas generation system (BGS). The studied BGS consists of a gas engine (GE) and an induction generator (IG) whose mechanical shaft is directly coupled to the crank of the GE. The stator windings of the IG are directly connected to a three-phase, three-wire 380 V, 60 Hz distribution system through a connection cable and an electromagnetic switch. To start up the BGS, the IG is first operated as both an induction motor (IM) and a GE starter to generate sufficient starting torque to start up the GE. The purified biogas mixed with air of proper proportion inside the combustion chamber of the GE is ignited by spark plugs at correct instants to make GE generate sufficient mechanical torque to drive the IG. When the speed of the IG is higher than its synchronous speed, the IG can deliver electrical power to the distribution system. The employed parameters of the studied IG are calculated by using the manufacturer's certification data and comparing both field-test data and simulated results under two specified operating rotational speeds. Dynamic stability analyses of the studied BGS using eigenvalue analysis and nonlinear model simulations under various values of rotational speed and grid voltage are investigated. It can be concluded from the field- measured data and the simulated results of the studied BGS that the studied GE-IG set has a fast response and exhibits stable and easy grid-connection characteristics for converting biogas energy to electrical energy. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749291&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 240 - 246
Titre : Operation of grid-connected DFIG under unbalanced grid voltage condition Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yi Zhou, Auteur ; Bauer, P., Auteur ; Ferreira, J. A., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 240 - 246 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; machine control; machine protection; machine theory; wind power Résumé : Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) still shares a large part in today's wind power market. It provides the benefits of variable speed operation cost-effectively, and can control its active and reactive power independently. Crowbar protection is often adopted to protect the rotor-side voltage source converter (VSC) from transient overcurrent during grid voltage dip. But under unbalanced grid voltage condition, the severe problems are not the transient overcurrent, but the electric torque pulsation and dc voltage ripple in the back-to-back VSCs. This paper develops dynamic models in MATLAB/Simulink, validates it through experiments, investigates the behavior of DFIG during unbalanced grid voltage condition, and proposes new controllers in separated positive and negative sequence. Methods to separate positive and negative sequence components in real time are also developed, and their responses to unsymmetrical voltage dip are compared. Simulation results prove that the separated positive and negative sequence controllers limit the torque pulsation and dc voltage ripple effectively. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4770180&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Operation of grid-connected DFIG under unbalanced grid voltage condition [texte imprimé] / Yi Zhou, Auteur ; Bauer, P., Auteur ; Ferreira, J. A., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 240 - 246.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 240 - 246
Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; machine control; machine protection; machine theory; wind power Résumé : Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) still shares a large part in today's wind power market. It provides the benefits of variable speed operation cost-effectively, and can control its active and reactive power independently. Crowbar protection is often adopted to protect the rotor-side voltage source converter (VSC) from transient overcurrent during grid voltage dip. But under unbalanced grid voltage condition, the severe problems are not the transient overcurrent, but the electric torque pulsation and dc voltage ripple in the back-to-back VSCs. This paper develops dynamic models in MATLAB/Simulink, validates it through experiments, investigates the behavior of DFIG during unbalanced grid voltage condition, and proposes new controllers in separated positive and negative sequence. Methods to separate positive and negative sequence components in real time are also developed, and their responses to unsymmetrical voltage dip are compared. Simulation results prove that the separated positive and negative sequence controllers limit the torque pulsation and dc voltage ripple effectively. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4770180&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 247 - 255
Titre : Analysis of supercapacitor as second source based on fuel cell power generation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Thounthong, P., Auteur ; Raël, S., Auteur ; Davat, B., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 247 - 255 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Distributed power generation; motor drives; proton exchange membrane fuel cells; supercapacitors Résumé : This paper presents the utilization of a supercapacitor as an auxiliary power source in a distributed generation system, composed of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) as the main energy source. The main weak point of fuel cells (FCs) is slow dynamics because one must limit the FC current slope in order to prevent fuel starvation problems, to improve its performance and lifetime. The very fast power response and high specific power of a supercapacitor can complement the slower power output of the main source to produce the compatibility and performance characteristics needed in a load. The FC and supercapacitor characteristics are clearly presented. Experimental results with small-scale devices (supercapacitor bank: 292-F, 30-V, 400-A; PEMFC: 500-W, 40-A) illustrate excellent performance during a motor drive cycle. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4745787&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Analysis of supercapacitor as second source based on fuel cell power generation [texte imprimé] / Thounthong, P., Auteur ; Raël, S., Auteur ; Davat, B., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 247 - 255.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 247 - 255
Mots-clés : Distributed power generation; motor drives; proton exchange membrane fuel cells; supercapacitors Résumé : This paper presents the utilization of a supercapacitor as an auxiliary power source in a distributed generation system, composed of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) as the main energy source. The main weak point of fuel cells (FCs) is slow dynamics because one must limit the FC current slope in order to prevent fuel starvation problems, to improve its performance and lifetime. The very fast power response and high specific power of a supercapacitor can complement the slower power output of the main source to produce the compatibility and performance characteristics needed in a load. The FC and supercapacitor characteristics are clearly presented. Experimental results with small-scale devices (supercapacitor bank: 292-F, 30-V, 400-A; PEMFC: 500-W, 40-A) illustrate excellent performance during a motor drive cycle. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4745787&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 256 - 263
Titre : MPPT scheme for a PV-fed single-phase single-stage grid-connected inverter operating in CCM with only one current sensor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Patel, H., Auteur ; Agarwal, V., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 256 - 263 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Electric sensing devices; invertors; photovoltaic power systems; power grids Résumé : The cost and efficiency of a photovoltaic (PV)-based grid-connected system depends upon the number of components and stages involved in the power conversion. This has led to the development of several single-stage configurations that can perform voltage transformation, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), inversion, and current shaping-all in one stage. Such configurations would usually require at least a couple of current and voltage sensors and a relatively complex control strategy. With a view to minimize the overall cost and control complexity, this paper presents a novel MPPT scheme with reduced number of sensors. The proposed scheme is applicable to any single-stage, single-phase grid-connected inverter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). The operation in CCM is desirable as it drastically reduces the stress on the components. Unlike other MPPT methods, which sense both PV array's output current and voltage, only PV array's output voltage is required to be sensed to implement MPPT. Only one current sensor is used for shaping the buck-boost inductor current as well as for MPPT. The information about power output of the array is obtained indirectly from array's voltage and the inductor current amplitude. Detailed analysis and the flowchart of the algorithm for the proposed scheme are included. Simulation and experimental results are also presented to highlight the usefulness of the scheme. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783113&sortType%3Das [...] [article] MPPT scheme for a PV-fed single-phase single-stage grid-connected inverter operating in CCM with only one current sensor [texte imprimé] / Patel, H., Auteur ; Agarwal, V., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 256 - 263.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 256 - 263
Mots-clés : Electric sensing devices; invertors; photovoltaic power systems; power grids Résumé : The cost and efficiency of a photovoltaic (PV)-based grid-connected system depends upon the number of components and stages involved in the power conversion. This has led to the development of several single-stage configurations that can perform voltage transformation, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), inversion, and current shaping-all in one stage. Such configurations would usually require at least a couple of current and voltage sensors and a relatively complex control strategy. With a view to minimize the overall cost and control complexity, this paper presents a novel MPPT scheme with reduced number of sensors. The proposed scheme is applicable to any single-stage, single-phase grid-connected inverter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). The operation in CCM is desirable as it drastically reduces the stress on the components. Unlike other MPPT methods, which sense both PV array's output current and voltage, only PV array's output voltage is required to be sensed to implement MPPT. Only one current sensor is used for shaping the buck-boost inductor current as well as for MPPT. The information about power output of the array is obtained indirectly from array's voltage and the inductor current amplitude. Detailed analysis and the flowchart of the algorithm for the proposed scheme are included. Simulation and experimental results are also presented to highlight the usefulness of the scheme. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4783113&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 264 - 273
Titre : Optimal control of matrix-converter-based WECS for performance enhancement and efficiency optimization Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : V. Kumar, Auteur ; Joshi, R. R., Auteur ; Bansal, R. C., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 264 - 273 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; fuzzy control; matrix convertors; optimal control; optimisation; power factor; power generation control; power grids; wind power plants; wind turbines Résumé : This paper describes a new wind energy conversion scheme, where fuzzy logic principles and four-leg-improved novel matrix converter (MC) model are used for performance enhancement and efficiency optimization, particularly for sites where most of the time low wind speeds prevail. The MC is intended as the interface medium between the induction generator and the utility grid. The power factor at the interface with the grid is controlled by the MC to ensure purely active power injection into the grid for optimal utilization of the installed wind turbine capacity. The generation system has fuzzy logic control with vector control in the inner loops. Fuzzy controller tracks the angular frequency with the wind velocity to extract the maximum power and programs the machine flux for light load efficiency improvement. The complete control system has been developed, analyzed, and validated by simulation study. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749289&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Optimal control of matrix-converter-based WECS for performance enhancement and efficiency optimization [texte imprimé] / V. Kumar, Auteur ; Joshi, R. R., Auteur ; Bansal, R. C., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 264 - 273.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 264 - 273
Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; fuzzy control; matrix convertors; optimal control; optimisation; power factor; power generation control; power grids; wind power plants; wind turbines Résumé : This paper describes a new wind energy conversion scheme, where fuzzy logic principles and four-leg-improved novel matrix converter (MC) model are used for performance enhancement and efficiency optimization, particularly for sites where most of the time low wind speeds prevail. The MC is intended as the interface medium between the induction generator and the utility grid. The power factor at the interface with the grid is controlled by the MC to ensure purely active power injection into the grid for optimal utilization of the installed wind turbine capacity. The generation system has fuzzy logic control with vector control in the inner loops. Fuzzy controller tracks the angular frequency with the wind velocity to extract the maximum power and programs the machine flux for light load efficiency improvement. The complete control system has been developed, analyzed, and validated by simulation study. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749289&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 274 - 282
Titre : Guidelines for protection against electric shock in PV generators Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hernandez, J. C., Auteur ; Vidal, P. G., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 274 - 282 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : IEC standards; electric shocks; electrical safety; photovoltaic power systems; power system protection Résumé : This paper assesses the protection against electric shock in a photovoltaic generator (PVG), the DC side of a PV installation. Within this context, we discuss the applicability of the protection requirements of the International Electrotechnical Commission 60364, the international standard that provides guidelines for wiring in low-voltage (LV) electrical installations. The unique operational characteristics of a PVG, which differ from those of a conventional AC LV system, made it necessary to revise and adapt these requirements. With a view to discovering the effectiveness of electric shock protection in ungrounded PVGs, we carried out both a theoretical and practical study in a real PVG in order to analyze its electrical behavior. As part of our study, the feasibility of applying an ldquoactiverdquo means of protection was experimentally tested in this same PVG. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4738389&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Guidelines for protection against electric shock in PV generators [texte imprimé] / Hernandez, J. C., Auteur ; Vidal, P. G., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 274 - 282.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 274 - 282
Mots-clés : IEC standards; electric shocks; electrical safety; photovoltaic power systems; power system protection Résumé : This paper assesses the protection against electric shock in a photovoltaic generator (PVG), the DC side of a PV installation. Within this context, we discuss the applicability of the protection requirements of the International Electrotechnical Commission 60364, the international standard that provides guidelines for wiring in low-voltage (LV) electrical installations. The unique operational characteristics of a PVG, which differ from those of a conventional AC LV system, made it necessary to revise and adapt these requirements. With a view to discovering the effectiveness of electric shock protection in ungrounded PVGs, we carried out both a theoretical and practical study in a real PVG in order to analyze its electrical behavior. As part of our study, the feasibility of applying an ldquoactiverdquo means of protection was experimentally tested in this same PVG. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4738389&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 283 - 291
Titre : Modeling and dynamic characteristic simulation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jia, J., Auteur ; Q. Li, Auteur ; Y. Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 283 - 291 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Proton exchange membrane fuel cells; transient response Résumé : In order to investigate the output characteristic of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) based on the electrical empirical model, a novel dynamic model of the PEMFC has been developed with MATLAB/Simulink, which is distinct from the models that have been published previously. By using a fuel cell test system of the Fuel Cell Application Centre (FAC) at Temasek Polytechnic, the transient electrical responses of PEMFC were conducted and analyzed under various operating conditions. A good match is found between simulation results and experimental data. The comprehensive results of simulation manifested that the model is effective and operational. This model will be very useful to optimize the structure design, improve the operation performance, and develop the real-time control system of PEMFC. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4768679&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Modeling and dynamic characteristic simulation of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell [texte imprimé] / Jia, J., Auteur ; Q. Li, Auteur ; Y. Wang, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 283 - 291.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 283 - 291
Mots-clés : Proton exchange membrane fuel cells; transient response Résumé : In order to investigate the output characteristic of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) based on the electrical empirical model, a novel dynamic model of the PEMFC has been developed with MATLAB/Simulink, which is distinct from the models that have been published previously. By using a fuel cell test system of the Fuel Cell Application Centre (FAC) at Temasek Polytechnic, the transient electrical responses of PEMFC were conducted and analyzed under various operating conditions. A good match is found between simulation results and experimental data. The comprehensive results of simulation manifested that the model is effective and operational. This model will be very useful to optimize the structure design, improve the operation performance, and develop the real-time control system of PEMFC. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4768679&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 292 - 300
Titre : On load–frequency regulation with time delays : design and real-time implementation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bevrani, H., Auteur ; Hiyama, T., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 292 - 300 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : H infinity control; PI control; delays; linear matrix inequalities; power system control; robust control Résumé : This paper addresses a robust decentralized proportional-integral (PI) control design for power system load-frequency regulation with communication delays. In the proposed methodology, the PI-based load-frequency control (LFC) problem is reduced to a static output feedback control synthesis for a multiple-delay system. The proposed control method gives a suboptimal solution using a developed iterative linear matrix inequalities algorithm via the mixed H 2/H infin control technique. The control strategy is suitable for LFC applications that usually employ the PI control. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed control strategy, an experimental study has been performed at the Research Laboratory, Kyushu Electric Power Company, Japan. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749312&sortType%3Das [...] [article] On load–frequency regulation with time delays : design and real-time implementation [texte imprimé] / Bevrani, H., Auteur ; Hiyama, T., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 292 - 300.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 292 - 300
Mots-clés : H infinity control; PI control; delays; linear matrix inequalities; power system control; robust control Résumé : This paper addresses a robust decentralized proportional-integral (PI) control design for power system load-frequency regulation with communication delays. In the proposed methodology, the PI-based load-frequency control (LFC) problem is reduced to a static output feedback control synthesis for a multiple-delay system. The proposed control method gives a suboptimal solution using a developed iterative linear matrix inequalities algorithm via the mixed H 2/H infin control technique. The control strategy is suitable for LFC applications that usually employ the PI control. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed control strategy, an experimental study has been performed at the Research Laboratory, Kyushu Electric Power Company, Japan. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4749312&sortType%3Das [...]
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 301 - 303
Titre : Control of the reactive power supplied by a matrix converter Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Cardenas, R., Auteur ; Pena, R., Auteur ; Clare, J., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 301 - 303 Note générale : energy conversion Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; matrix convertors; nonlinear control systems; observers; power generation control; power grids; reactive power control; wind power plants; wind turbines Résumé : In this paper, the control of the reactive power supplied by a matrix converter to a grid is presented. A matrix converter is used to feed an induction generator using a space vector modulation algorithm. An input current observer, implemented using an estimation of the modulation matrix, is used in a nonlinear controller that regulates the reactive power supplied to the grid by a variable-speed wind energy conversion system (WECS). The results obtained are experimentally validated using a 2 kW experimental prototype implemented using a cage machine, a matrix converter and a wind turbine emulator. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4776484&sortType%3Das [...] [article] Control of the reactive power supplied by a matrix converter [texte imprimé] / Cardenas, R., Auteur ; Pena, R., Auteur ; Clare, J., Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 301 - 303.
energy conversion
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in IEEE transactions on energy conversion > Vol. 24 N°1 (Mars 2009) . - pp. 301 - 303
Mots-clés : Asynchronous generators; matrix convertors; nonlinear control systems; observers; power generation control; power grids; reactive power control; wind power plants; wind turbines Résumé : In this paper, the control of the reactive power supplied by a matrix converter to a grid is presented. A matrix converter is used to feed an induction generator using a space vector modulation algorithm. An input current observer, implemented using an estimation of the modulation matrix, is used in a nonlinear controller that regulates the reactive power supplied to the grid by a variable-speed wind energy conversion system (WECS). The results obtained are experimentally validated using a 2 kW experimental prototype implemented using a cage machine, a matrix converter and a wind turbine emulator. En ligne : http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=4776484&sortType%3Das [...]
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