Dépouillements

The structural behaviour of timber joints subjected to bi-axial bending / Wen-Shao Chang in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 739-757 Titre : The structural behaviour of timber joints subjected to bi-axial bending Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wen-Shao Chang, Auteur ; Jonathan Shanks, Auteur ; Akihisa Kitamori, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 739-757 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Timber  connections;  Historic  buildings;  Bi-axial  bending Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : This study investigates the structural performance of interior, exterior and corner traditional timber joints found in a traditional temple in Japan subjected to bi-axial bending. A total of 36 half-scale specimens were fabricated and tested under both uni-axial and bi-axial cyclic bending for comparison of their structural behaviour. The results show that the corner joints exhibit lower rotational stiffness than the interior and exterior joints. Further, connections subjected to only uni-axial moments exhibit better performance with regard to moment resistance, energy dissipation and stiffness degradation as compared with those subjected to bi-axial moments. Hence, this study suggests that if the timber joints are subjected to bi-axial bending, this effect on timber joints should be considered during the design and evaluation process in the future. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122262151/abstract [article] The structural behaviour of timber joints subjected to bi-axial bending [texte imprimé] / Wen-Shao Chang, Auteur ; Jonathan Shanks, Auteur ; Akihisa Kitamori, Auteur . - pp. 739-757. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 739-757 Mots-clés : Timber  connections;  Historic  buildings;  Bi-axial  bending Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : This study investigates the structural performance of interior, exterior and corner traditional timber joints found in a traditional temple in Japan subjected to bi-axial bending. A total of 36 half-scale specimens were fabricated and tested under both uni-axial and bi-axial cyclic bending for comparison of their structural behaviour. The results show that the corner joints exhibit lower rotational stiffness than the interior and exterior joints. Further, connections subjected to only uni-axial moments exhibit better performance with regard to moment resistance, energy dissipation and stiffness degradation as compared with those subjected to bi-axial moments. Hence, this study suggests that if the timber joints are subjected to bi-axial bending, this effect on timber joints should be considered during the design and evaluation process in the future. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122262151/abstract

Seismic performance evaluation of a 34-story steel building retrofitted with response modification elements / Yuan-Tao Weng in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 759-781 Titre : Seismic performance evaluation of a 34-story steel building retrofitted with response modification elements Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yuan-Tao Weng, Auteur ; Tsai, Keh-Chyuan, Auteur ; Pei-Ching Chen, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 759-781 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : seismic  retrofit;  BRB;  EBF;  welded  moment  connection;  nonlinear  analysis;  ground  motion  scaling  method Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : The original structural design of this case study consisted of five basement floors and a 34-story hotel tower in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The construction started in 1993, and the erection of the entire steel frame and the pouring of concrete slabs up to the 26th floor were completed before 1996. However, construction of the original hotel was subsequently suspended for 10 years. Recently, this building has been retrofitted for residential purposes. Buckling restrained braces (BRBs) and eccentrically braced frames were incorporated into the seismic design of the new residential tower. This paper presents the seismic resisting structural system, seismic design criteria, full-scale test results of one BRB member and the as-built welded moment connections. Test results confirm that the two side web-plate stiffening details can effectively improve the rotational capacity of welded moment connection. The paper also discusses the analytical models for simulating the experimental responses of the BRB members and the welded moment connections. Nonlinear response history analyses (NLRHA) indicate that the inelastic deformational demands of the original and the redesigned structures induced by the maximum considered earthquakes are less than those found in the seismic building codes or laboratory tests. This paper also proposes a ground motion scaling method considering multi-mode effects for NLRHA of the example building. It is shown that the proposed scaling method worked well in reducing the scatter in estimated peak seismic demands. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121520031/abstract [article] Seismic performance evaluation of a 34-story steel building retrofitted with response modification elements [texte imprimé] / Yuan-Tao Weng, Auteur ; Tsai, Keh-Chyuan, Auteur ; Pei-Ching Chen, Auteur . - pp. 759-781. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 759-781 Mots-clés : seismic  retrofit;  BRB;  EBF;  welded  moment  connection;  nonlinear  analysis;  ground  motion  scaling  method Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : The original structural design of this case study consisted of five basement floors and a 34-story hotel tower in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The construction started in 1993, and the erection of the entire steel frame and the pouring of concrete slabs up to the 26th floor were completed before 1996. However, construction of the original hotel was subsequently suspended for 10 years. Recently, this building has been retrofitted for residential purposes. Buckling restrained braces (BRBs) and eccentrically braced frames were incorporated into the seismic design of the new residential tower. This paper presents the seismic resisting structural system, seismic design criteria, full-scale test results of one BRB member and the as-built welded moment connections. Test results confirm that the two side web-plate stiffening details can effectively improve the rotational capacity of welded moment connection. The paper also discusses the analytical models for simulating the experimental responses of the BRB members and the welded moment connections. Nonlinear response history analyses (NLRHA) indicate that the inelastic deformational demands of the original and the redesigned structures induced by the maximum considered earthquakes are less than those found in the seismic building codes or laboratory tests. This paper also proposes a ground motion scaling method considering multi-mode effects for NLRHA of the example building. It is shown that the proposed scaling method worked well in reducing the scatter in estimated peak seismic demands. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121520031/abstract

Design of passive systems for control of inelastic structures / Gian Paolo Cimellaro in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 783-804 Titre : Design of passive systems for control of inelastic structures Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gian Paolo Cimellaro, Auteur ; Oren Lavan, Auteur ; Reinhorn, Andrei M., Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 783-804 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : passive  control;  design;  inelastic  structures Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : A design strategy for control of buildings experiencing inelastic deformations during seismic response is formulated. The strategy is using weakened, and/or softened, elements in a structural system while adding passive energy dissipation devices (e.g. viscous fluid devices, etc.) in order to control simultaneously accelerations and deformations response during seismic events. A design methodology is developed to determine the locations and the magnitude of weakening and/or softening of structural elements and the added damping while insuring structural stability. A two-stage design procedure is suggested: (i) first using a nonlinear active control algorithm, to determine the new structural parameters while insuring stability, then (ii) determine the properties of equivalent structural parameters of passive system, which can be implemented by removing or weakening some structural elements, or connections, and by addition of energy dissipation systems. Passive dampers and weakened elements are designed using an optimization algorithm to obtain a response as close as possible to an actively controlled system. A case study of a five-story building subjected to El Centro ground motion, as well as to an ensemble of simulated ground motions, is presented to illustrate the procedure. The results show that following the design strategy, a control of both peak inter-story drifts and total accelerations can be obtained. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121502892/abstract [article] Design of passive systems for control of inelastic structures [texte imprimé] / Gian Paolo Cimellaro, Auteur ; Oren Lavan, Auteur ; Reinhorn, Andrei M., Auteur . - pp. 783-804. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 783-804 Mots-clés : passive  control;  design;  inelastic  structures Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : A design strategy for control of buildings experiencing inelastic deformations during seismic response is formulated. The strategy is using weakened, and/or softened, elements in a structural system while adding passive energy dissipation devices (e.g. viscous fluid devices, etc.) in order to control simultaneously accelerations and deformations response during seismic events. A design methodology is developed to determine the locations and the magnitude of weakening and/or softening of structural elements and the added damping while insuring structural stability. A two-stage design procedure is suggested: (i) first using a nonlinear active control algorithm, to determine the new structural parameters while insuring stability, then (ii) determine the properties of equivalent structural parameters of passive system, which can be implemented by removing or weakening some structural elements, or connections, and by addition of energy dissipation systems. Passive dampers and weakened elements are designed using an optimization algorithm to obtain a response as close as possible to an actively controlled system. A case study of a five-story building subjected to El Centro ground motion, as well as to an ensemble of simulated ground motions, is presented to illustrate the procedure. The results show that following the design strategy, a control of both peak inter-story drifts and total accelerations can be obtained. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121502892/abstract

Incremental dynamic analysis with consideration of modeling uncertainties / Matjaz Dolsek in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 805-825 Titre : Incremental dynamic analysis with consideration of modeling uncertainties Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Matjaz Dolsek, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 805-825 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : extended  incremental  dynamic  analysis;  performance-based  earthquake  engineering;  uncertainty;  epistemic;  aleatory;  latin  hypercube  sampling Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) has been extended by introducing a set of structural models in addition to the set of ground motion records which is employed in IDA analysis in order to capture record-to-record variability. The set of structural models reflects epistemic (modeling) uncertainties, and is determined by utilizing the latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method. The effects of both aleatory and epistemic uncertainty on seismic response parameters are therefore considered in extended IDA analysis. The proposed method has been applied to an example of the four-storey-reinforced concrete frame, for which pseudo-dynamic tests were performed at the ELSA Laboratory, Ispra. The influence of epistemic uncertainty on the seismic response parameters is presented in terms of summarized IDA curves and dispersion measures. The results of extended IDA analysis are compared with the results of IDA analysis, and the sensitivity of the seismic response parameters to the input random variable using the LHS method is discussed. It is shown that epistemic uncertainty does not have significant influence on the seismic response parameters in the range far from collapse, but could have a significant influence on collapse capacity. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121516297/abstract [article] Incremental dynamic analysis with consideration of modeling uncertainties [texte imprimé] / Matjaz Dolsek, Auteur . - pp. 805-825. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 805-825 Mots-clés : extended  incremental  dynamic  analysis;  performance-based  earthquake  engineering;  uncertainty;  epistemic;  aleatory;  latin  hypercube  sampling Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) has been extended by introducing a set of structural models in addition to the set of ground motion records which is employed in IDA analysis in order to capture record-to-record variability. The set of structural models reflects epistemic (modeling) uncertainties, and is determined by utilizing the latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method. The effects of both aleatory and epistemic uncertainty on seismic response parameters are therefore considered in extended IDA analysis. The proposed method has been applied to an example of the four-storey-reinforced concrete frame, for which pseudo-dynamic tests were performed at the ELSA Laboratory, Ispra. The influence of epistemic uncertainty on the seismic response parameters is presented in terms of summarized IDA curves and dispersion measures. The results of extended IDA analysis are compared with the results of IDA analysis, and the sensitivity of the seismic response parameters to the input random variable using the LHS method is discussed. It is shown that epistemic uncertainty does not have significant influence on the seismic response parameters in the range far from collapse, but could have a significant influence on collapse capacity. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121516297/abstract

Experimental and analytical studies on the response of freestanding laboratory equipment to earthquake shaking / Dimitrios Konstantinidis in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 827-848 Titre : Experimental and analytical studies on the response of freestanding laboratory equipment to earthquake shaking Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dimitrios Konstantinidis, Auteur ; Nicos Makris, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 827-848 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : laboratory  equipment;  non-structural  components;  shake  table  experiments;  rocking;  sliding;  PBEE;  fragility Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : This paper presents results of a comprehensive experimental program on the seismic response of full-scale freestanding laboratory equipment. First, quasi-static experiments are conducted to examine the mechanical behavior of the contact interface between the laboratory equipment and floors. Based on the experimental results, the response analysis that follows adopts two idealized contact friction models: the elastoplastic model and the classical Coulomb friction model. Subsequently, the paper presents shake table test results of full-scale freestanding equipment subjected to ground and floor motions of hazard levels with corresponding displacements that can be accommodated by the shake table at the UC Berkeley Earthquake Engineering Research Center. For the equipment tested, although some rocking is observed, sliding is the predominant mode of response, with sliding displacements reaching up to 60 cm. Numerical simulations with the proposed models are performed. Finally, the paper identifies a physically motivated intensity measure and the associated engineering demand parameter with the help of dimensional analysis and presents ready-to-use fragility curves. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121559955/abstract [article] Experimental and analytical studies on the response of freestanding laboratory equipment to earthquake shaking [texte imprimé] / Dimitrios Konstantinidis, Auteur ; Nicos Makris, Auteur . - pp. 827-848. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 6 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 827-848 Mots-clés : laboratory  equipment;  non-structural  components;  shake  table  experiments;  rocking;  sliding;  PBEE;  fragility Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : This paper presents results of a comprehensive experimental program on the seismic response of full-scale freestanding laboratory equipment. First, quasi-static experiments are conducted to examine the mechanical behavior of the contact interface between the laboratory equipment and floors. Based on the experimental results, the response analysis that follows adopts two idealized contact friction models: the elastoplastic model and the classical Coulomb friction model. Subsequently, the paper presents shake table test results of full-scale freestanding equipment subjected to ground and floor motions of hazard levels with corresponding displacements that can be accommodated by the shake table at the UC Berkeley Earthquake Engineering Research Center. For the equipment tested, although some rocking is observed, sliding is the predominant mode of response, with sliding displacements reaching up to 60 cm. Numerical simulations with the proposed models are performed. Finally, the paper identifies a physically motivated intensity measure and the associated engineering demand parameter with the help of dimensional analysis and presents ready-to-use fragility curves. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121559955/abstract

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