Dépouillements

Seismic behavior of single-story asymmetric-plan buildings under uniaxial excitation / Andrea Lucchini in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1053-1070 Titre : Seismic behavior of single-story asymmetric-plan buildings under uniaxial excitation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Andrea Lucchini, Auteur ; Giorgio Monti, Auteur ; Sashi Kunnath, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 1053-1070 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asymmetric-plan  building;  Single-story  frame;  Uniaxial  excitation;  Nonlinear  seismic  response;  Torsion Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : The critical parameters that influence the nonlinear seismic response of asymmetric-plan buildings are identified by evaluating the effects of different asymmetries that may characterize the structure of a building as well as exploring the influence of the ground motion features. First, the main findings reported in the literature on both the linear and nonlinear dynamic response of asymmetric-plan buildings are presented. The common findings and the conflicting conclusions reached in different investigations are pointed out. Then, the results of comprehensive nonlinear dynamic analyses performed for evaluating the seismic response of systems characterized by different strength and stiffness configurations, representative of a large class of asymmetric-plan buildings, are reported. Findings from the study indicate that the building response changes when moving from the linear to the nonlinear range, so that the seismic behavior of asymmetric-plan buildings, apart from the source of asymmetry, can be always classified as irregular. Additionally, it was observed that as the seismic demands cause amplification of system nonlinearity with increasing earthquake intensity, the maximum displacement demand in the different resisting elements tends to be reached with the same deformed configuration of the system. The resultant of the seismic forces producing such a maximum demand is located at the center of resistance and corresponds to the collapse mechanism of the system that provides the maximum lateral strength in the exciting direction of the seismic action. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121574867/abstract [article] Seismic behavior of single-story asymmetric-plan buildings under uniaxial excitation [texte imprimé] / Andrea Lucchini, Auteur ; Giorgio Monti, Auteur ; Sashi Kunnath, Auteur . - pp. 1053-1070. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1053-1070 Mots-clés : Asymmetric-plan  building;  Single-story  frame;  Uniaxial  excitation;  Nonlinear  seismic  response;  Torsion Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : The critical parameters that influence the nonlinear seismic response of asymmetric-plan buildings are identified by evaluating the effects of different asymmetries that may characterize the structure of a building as well as exploring the influence of the ground motion features. First, the main findings reported in the literature on both the linear and nonlinear dynamic response of asymmetric-plan buildings are presented. The common findings and the conflicting conclusions reached in different investigations are pointed out. Then, the results of comprehensive nonlinear dynamic analyses performed for evaluating the seismic response of systems characterized by different strength and stiffness configurations, representative of a large class of asymmetric-plan buildings, are reported. Findings from the study indicate that the building response changes when moving from the linear to the nonlinear range, so that the seismic behavior of asymmetric-plan buildings, apart from the source of asymmetry, can be always classified as irregular. Additionally, it was observed that as the seismic demands cause amplification of system nonlinearity with increasing earthquake intensity, the maximum displacement demand in the different resisting elements tends to be reached with the same deformed configuration of the system. The resultant of the seismic forces producing such a maximum demand is located at the center of resistance and corresponds to the collapse mechanism of the system that provides the maximum lateral strength in the exciting direction of the seismic action. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121574867/abstract

A Rosenbrock-W method for real-time dynamic substructuring and pseudo-dynamic testing / C. P. Lamarche in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1071-1092 Titre : A Rosenbrock-W method for real-time dynamic substructuring and pseudo-dynamic testing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C. P. Lamarche, Auteur ; A. Bonelli, Auteur ; O. S. Bursi, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 1071-1092 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Substructuring;  Hybrid  testing;  Stability;  Convergence  ;  Real-time  testing;  Jacobian Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : A variant of the Rosenbrock-W integration method is proposed for real-time dynamic substructuring and pseudo-dynamic testing. In this variant, an approximation of the Jacobian matrix that accounts for the properties of both the physical and numerical substructures is used throughout the analysis process. Only an initial estimate of the stiffness and damping properties of the physical components is required. It is demonstrated that the method is unconditionally stable provided that specific conditions are fulfilled and that the order accuracy can be maintained in the nonlinear regime without involving any matrix inversion while testing. The method also features controllable numerical energy dissipation characteristics and explicit expression of the target displacement and velocity vectors. The stability and accuracy of the proposed integration scheme are examined in the paper. The method has also been verified through hybrid testing performed of SDOF and MDOF structures with linear and highly nonlinear physical substructures. The results are compared with those obtained from the operator splitting method. An approach based on the modal decomposition principle is presented to predict the potential effect of experimental errors on the overall response during testing. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121632331/abstract [article] A Rosenbrock-W method for real-time dynamic substructuring and pseudo-dynamic testing [texte imprimé] / C. P. Lamarche, Auteur ; A. Bonelli, Auteur ; O. S. Bursi, Auteur . - pp. 1071-1092. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1071-1092 Mots-clés : Substructuring;  Hybrid  testing;  Stability;  Convergence  ;  Real-time  testing;  Jacobian Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : A variant of the Rosenbrock-W integration method is proposed for real-time dynamic substructuring and pseudo-dynamic testing. In this variant, an approximation of the Jacobian matrix that accounts for the properties of both the physical and numerical substructures is used throughout the analysis process. Only an initial estimate of the stiffness and damping properties of the physical components is required. It is demonstrated that the method is unconditionally stable provided that specific conditions are fulfilled and that the order accuracy can be maintained in the nonlinear regime without involving any matrix inversion while testing. The method also features controllable numerical energy dissipation characteristics and explicit expression of the target displacement and velocity vectors. The stability and accuracy of the proposed integration scheme are examined in the paper. The method has also been verified through hybrid testing performed of SDOF and MDOF structures with linear and highly nonlinear physical substructures. The results are compared with those obtained from the operator splitting method. An approach based on the modal decomposition principle is presented to predict the potential effect of experimental errors on the overall response during testing. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121632331/abstract

Kinematic transformations for planar multi-directional pseudodynamic testing / Mercan, Oya in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1093-1119 Titre : Kinematic transformations for planar multi-directional pseudodynamic testing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mercan, Oya, Auteur ; Ricles, James M., Auteur ; Sause, Richard, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 1093-1119 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Error  detection;  Kinematic  correction;  Multi-directional  testing;  Pseudodynamic  test  method;  Test  structure Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : The pseudodynamic (PSD) test method imposes command displacements to a test structure for a given time step. The measured restoring forces and displaced position achieved in the test structure are then used to integrate the equations of motion to determine the command displacements for the next time step. Multi-directional displacements of the test structure can introduce error in the measured restoring forces and displaced position. The subsequently determined command displacements will not be correct unless the effects of the multi-directional displacements are considered. This paper presents two approaches for correcting kinematic errors in planar multi-directional PSD testing, where the test structure is loaded through a rigid loading block. The first approach, referred to as the incremental kinematic transformation method, employs linear displacement transformations within each time step. The second method, referred to as the total kinematic transformation method, is based on accurate nonlinear displacement transformations. Using three displacement sensors and the trigonometric law of cosines, this second method enables the simultaneous nonlinear equations that express the motion of the loading block to be solved without using iteration. The formulation and example applications for each method are given. Results from numerical simulations and laboratory experiments show that the total transformation method maintains accuracy, while the incremental transformation method may accumulate error if the incremental rotation of the loading block is not small over the time step. A procedure for estimating the incremental error in the incremental kinematic transformation method is presented as a means to predict and possibly control the error. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121641476/abstract [article] Kinematic transformations for planar multi-directional pseudodynamic testing [texte imprimé] / Mercan, Oya, Auteur ; Ricles, James M., Auteur ; Sause, Richard, Auteur . - pp. 1093-1119. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1093-1119 Mots-clés : Error  detection;  Kinematic  correction;  Multi-directional  testing;  Pseudodynamic  test  method;  Test  structure Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : The pseudodynamic (PSD) test method imposes command displacements to a test structure for a given time step. The measured restoring forces and displaced position achieved in the test structure are then used to integrate the equations of motion to determine the command displacements for the next time step. Multi-directional displacements of the test structure can introduce error in the measured restoring forces and displaced position. The subsequently determined command displacements will not be correct unless the effects of the multi-directional displacements are considered. This paper presents two approaches for correcting kinematic errors in planar multi-directional PSD testing, where the test structure is loaded through a rigid loading block. The first approach, referred to as the incremental kinematic transformation method, employs linear displacement transformations within each time step. The second method, referred to as the total kinematic transformation method, is based on accurate nonlinear displacement transformations. Using three displacement sensors and the trigonometric law of cosines, this second method enables the simultaneous nonlinear equations that express the motion of the loading block to be solved without using iteration. The formulation and example applications for each method are given. Results from numerical simulations and laboratory experiments show that the total transformation method maintains accuracy, while the incremental transformation method may accumulate error if the incremental rotation of the loading block is not small over the time step. A procedure for estimating the incremental error in the incremental kinematic transformation method is presented as a means to predict and possibly control the error. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121641476/abstract

Strong-motion accelerographs: Early history / A. Gerald Brady in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1121-1134 Titre : Strong-motion accelerographs: Early history Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. Gerald Brady, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 1121-1134 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Early  accelerographs;  Recordings;  Processing Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : The structural design profession has long been interested in the design of structures to resist the strong horizontal shaking of the ground during potentially damaging earthquakes. Recordings of this ground motion have successfully provided the data on which building codes, design procedures and strong ground motion research are based. The object of this Historical Note is to chronicle the early development of strong ground motion accelerographs in the United States (the 1930s), Japan (the 1950s) and New Zealand (the 1960s) - accelerographs that recorded on photographic paper, waxed paper and film - and to describe the early processing of these analog records into digital form suitable for the emerging power of the digital computer. Ground accelerations and structural accelerations are now familiar concepts in seismic design and seismic engineering research, though many users may be unfamiliar with early efforts to identify them, record them and present them as useful data. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122439644/abstract [article] Strong-motion accelerographs: Early history [texte imprimé] / A. Gerald Brady, Auteur . - pp. 1121-1134. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1121-1134 Mots-clés : Early  accelerographs;  Recordings;  Processing Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : The structural design profession has long been interested in the design of structures to resist the strong horizontal shaking of the ground during potentially damaging earthquakes. Recordings of this ground motion have successfully provided the data on which building codes, design procedures and strong ground motion research are based. The object of this Historical Note is to chronicle the early development of strong ground motion accelerographs in the United States (the 1930s), Japan (the 1950s) and New Zealand (the 1960s) - accelerographs that recorded on photographic paper, waxed paper and film - and to describe the early processing of these analog records into digital form suitable for the emerging power of the digital computer. Ground accelerations and structural accelerations are now familiar concepts in seismic design and seismic engineering research, though many users may be unfamiliar with early efforts to identify them, record them and present them as useful data. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122439644/abstract

A note on the Hertz contact model with nonlinear damping for pounding simulation / Kun Ye in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1135-1142 Titre : A note on the Hertz contact model with nonlinear damping for pounding simulation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kun Ye, Auteur ; Li, Li, Auteur ; Hongping Zhu, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 1135-1142 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Structural  pounding;  Earthquake;  Hertz  model;  Nonlinear  damping;  Coefficient  of  restitution Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : Structural pounding during earthquakes has been recently investigated extensively by using different models of impact force. In this paper, reexamination of the Hertz contact model with nonlinear damping is made. Based on this reexamination, the formula used to determine the damping constant in terms of the spring stiffness, the coefficient of restitution and relative approaching velocity of two colliding bodies is found to be incorrect for pounding simulation in structural engineering. In order to correct this problem, a more accurate approximating formula for the damping constant is theoretically derived. The correctness of the derived analytical formula has been confirmed through numerical simulations. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121581951/abstract [article] A note on the Hertz contact model with nonlinear damping for pounding simulation [texte imprimé] / Kun Ye, Auteur ; Li, Li, Auteur ; Hongping Zhu, Auteur . - pp. 1135-1142. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1135-1142 Mots-clés : Structural  pounding;  Earthquake;  Hertz  model;  Nonlinear  damping;  Coefficient  of  restitution Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : Structural pounding during earthquakes has been recently investigated extensively by using different models of impact force. In this paper, reexamination of the Hertz contact model with nonlinear damping is made. Based on this reexamination, the formula used to determine the damping constant in terms of the spring stiffness, the coefficient of restitution and relative approaching velocity of two colliding bodies is found to be incorrect for pounding simulation in structural engineering. In order to correct this problem, a more accurate approximating formula for the damping constant is theoretically derived. The correctness of the derived analytical formula has been confirmed through numerical simulations. ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121581951/abstract

Discussion of lsquoA new approach of selecting real input ground motions for seismic design: the most unfavourable real seismic design ground motionsrsquo by C-H Zhai and L-L Xie / Abbas Moustafa in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics, Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1143-1149 Titre : Discussion of lsquoA new approach of selecting real input ground motions for seismic design: the most unfavourable real seismic design ground motionsrsquo by C-H Zhai and L-L Xie Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Abbas Moustafa, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 1143-1149 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Design  accelerograms;  Entropy;  Resonant  acceleration;  Frequency  content;  Kanai-Tajimi;  Critical  record Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : This discussion consists of two parts. The first part raises a few comments and questions on the method presented in the above paper. The second part proposes a measure for identifying resonant accelerograms in a set of earthquake records without the need for pre-processing of the records or inclusion of the structure dynamic analysis ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121587715/abstract [article] Discussion of lsquoA new approach of selecting real input ground motions for seismic design: the most unfavourable real seismic design ground motionsrsquo by C-H Zhai and L-L Xie [texte imprimé] / Abbas Moustafa, Auteur . - pp. 1143-1149. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Earthquake engineering structural dynamics > Vol. 38 N° 9 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 1143-1149 Mots-clés : Design  accelerograms;  Entropy;  Resonant  acceleration;  Frequency  content;  Kanai-Tajimi;  Critical  record Index. décimale : 624.1 Infrastructures.Ouvrages en terre. Fondations. Tunnels Résumé : This discussion consists of two parts. The first part raises a few comments and questions on the method presented in the above paper. The second part proposes a measure for identifying resonant accelerograms in a set of earthquake records without the need for pre-processing of the records or inclusion of the structure dynamic analysis ISSN : 0098-8847 En ligne : http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/121587715/abstract

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