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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierIce slurry applications / M. Kauffeld in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1491-1505
Titre : Ice slurry applications Titre original : Applications des coulis de glace Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Kauffeld, Auteur ; M.J. Wang, Auteur ; V. Goldstein, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1491-1505 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice slurry Cold storage Food industry Surgery Hypothermia Protection Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The role of secondary refrigerants is expected to grow as the focus on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions increases. The effectiveness of secondary refrigerants can be improved when phase changing media are introduced in place of single-phase media. Operating at temperatures below the freezing point of water, ice slurry facilitates several efficiency improvements such as reductions in pumping energy consumption as well as lowering the required temperature difference in heat exchangers due to the beneficial thermo-physical properties of ice slurry. Research has shown that ice slurry can be engineered to have ideal ice particle characteristics so that it can be easily stored in tanks without agglomeration and then be extractable for pumping at very high ice fraction without plugging. In addition ice slurry can be used in many direct contact food and medical protective cooling applications. This paper provides an overview of the latest developments in ice slurry technology. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001647 [article] Ice slurry applications = Applications des coulis de glace [texte imprimé] / M. Kauffeld, Auteur ; M.J. Wang, Auteur ; V. Goldstein, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1491-1505.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1491-1505
Mots-clés : Ice slurry Cold storage Food industry Surgery Hypothermia Protection Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The role of secondary refrigerants is expected to grow as the focus on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions increases. The effectiveness of secondary refrigerants can be improved when phase changing media are introduced in place of single-phase media. Operating at temperatures below the freezing point of water, ice slurry facilitates several efficiency improvements such as reductions in pumping energy consumption as well as lowering the required temperature difference in heat exchangers due to the beneficial thermo-physical properties of ice slurry. Research has shown that ice slurry can be engineered to have ideal ice particle characteristics so that it can be easily stored in tanks without agglomeration and then be extractable for pumping at very high ice fraction without plugging. In addition ice slurry can be used in many direct contact food and medical protective cooling applications. This paper provides an overview of the latest developments in ice slurry technology. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001647
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1506-1512
Titre : Properties and other aspects of aqueous solutions used for single phase and ice slurry applications Titre original : Solutions aqueuses utilisées pour les applications monophasiques et à coulis de glace : propriétés et d'autres aspects Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Å. Melinder, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1506-1512 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Secondary refrigerant Aqueous solution Enthalpy Ice slurry Physical property Ice Sodium chloride Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Indirect systems with aqueous solution have long been used to minimize the charge and leakage of (primary) refrigerants. In ice slurry applications such aqueous solutions are used below the freezing point, benefitting from the enthalpy change resulting from ice melting. Accurate thermophysical property data and a general knowledge of other secondary fluid properties are useful for selection of fluid and for technical calculations of the system. This paper introduces a new IIR publication, Properties of secondary working fluids for indirect systems. Tables and charts with fluid properties, property relations of ice and of ice slurry, enthalpy-phase diagrams and related charts are here given for sodium chloride and water, as an example. This new IIR publication that also considers corrosion aspects and environmental impact of such fluids is intended to be used by industry and researchers working with single phase as well as ice slurry applications. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071000160X [article] Properties and other aspects of aqueous solutions used for single phase and ice slurry applications = Solutions aqueuses utilisées pour les applications monophasiques et à coulis de glace : propriétés et d'autres aspects [texte imprimé] / Å. Melinder, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1506-1512.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1506-1512
Mots-clés : Secondary refrigerant Aqueous solution Enthalpy Ice slurry Physical property Ice Sodium chloride Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Indirect systems with aqueous solution have long been used to minimize the charge and leakage of (primary) refrigerants. In ice slurry applications such aqueous solutions are used below the freezing point, benefitting from the enthalpy change resulting from ice melting. Accurate thermophysical property data and a general knowledge of other secondary fluid properties are useful for selection of fluid and for technical calculations of the system. This paper introduces a new IIR publication, Properties of secondary working fluids for indirect systems. Tables and charts with fluid properties, property relations of ice and of ice slurry, enthalpy-phase diagrams and related charts are here given for sodium chloride and water, as an example. This new IIR publication that also considers corrosion aspects and environmental impact of such fluids is intended to be used by industry and researchers working with single phase as well as ice slurry applications. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071000160X
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1513-1522
Titre : Flow characteristics of ice slurry in narrow tubes Titre original : Caractéristiques d'écoulement du coulis de glace à l'intérieur de tubes à faible diamètre Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Tetsuo Hirata, Auteur ; Michito Shirakawa, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1513-1522 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice slurry Experiment Flow Tube Geometry Friction Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Flow characteristics of ice slurry were experimentally investigated using narrow tubes. Reynolds number, the diameter of the tubes and the ice packing factor (IPF) were varied as the experimental parameters. Theoretical analysis was carried out using the experimental results. For laminar flow, it was found that the ratio of the coefficients of pipe friction increases with the IPF, and the rate of increase is high in the case of a low Reynolds number. For turbulent flow, the ratio of the coefficients of pipe friction was 1 for each condition in the case of a low IPF. The ratio of coefficients of pipe friction then decreased slightly at a particular IPF and increased with the IPF in the high-IPF region. In theoretical analysis, it was found that the flow characteristics of ice slurry can be treated as those of pseudoplastic fluid and clarified using the apparent Reynolds number. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700709002795 [article] Flow characteristics of ice slurry in narrow tubes = Caractéristiques d'écoulement du coulis de glace à l'intérieur de tubes à faible diamètre [texte imprimé] / Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Tetsuo Hirata, Auteur ; Michito Shirakawa, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1513-1522.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1513-1522
Mots-clés : Ice slurry Experiment Flow Tube Geometry Friction Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Flow characteristics of ice slurry were experimentally investigated using narrow tubes. Reynolds number, the diameter of the tubes and the ice packing factor (IPF) were varied as the experimental parameters. Theoretical analysis was carried out using the experimental results. For laminar flow, it was found that the ratio of the coefficients of pipe friction increases with the IPF, and the rate of increase is high in the case of a low Reynolds number. For turbulent flow, the ratio of the coefficients of pipe friction was 1 for each condition in the case of a low IPF. The ratio of coefficients of pipe friction then decreased slightly at a particular IPF and increased with the IPF in the high-IPF region. In theoretical analysis, it was found that the flow characteristics of ice slurry can be treated as those of pseudoplastic fluid and clarified using the apparent Reynolds number. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700709002795
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1523-1532
Titre : Pressure drop characteristics and rheological modeling of ice slurry flow in pipes Titre original : Caractéristiques de chute de pression et modélisation rhéologique de l'écoulement du coulis de glace dans les tuyauteries Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ashley C.S. Monteiro, Auteur ; Pradeep K. Bansal, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1523-1532 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice slurry Pressure drop Tube Horizontal Rheology Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : This paper presents a review on the pressure drop in pipes for ice slurry flows. The variation of the pressure drop as a function of slurry velocity, pipe diameter as well as ice concentration in the slurry is discussed. The stratification observed for particular flow conditions and its effects on the pressure drop as well as the role of particle diameter in the evaluation of pressure drop are addressed.
The paper also presents an analysis of the four rheological models namely Bingham, Casson, Power and Herschel–Bulkley that predict the behavior of ice slurries in tubes. The study found that the rheological models agree with the trend of the experimental data. Further research is required to develop a new unified rheological model that could extend the applicability of the model under varying conditions.DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002148 [article] Pressure drop characteristics and rheological modeling of ice slurry flow in pipes = Caractéristiques de chute de pression et modélisation rhéologique de l'écoulement du coulis de glace dans les tuyauteries [texte imprimé] / Ashley C.S. Monteiro, Auteur ; Pradeep K. Bansal, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1523-1532.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1523-1532
Mots-clés : Ice slurry Pressure drop Tube Horizontal Rheology Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : This paper presents a review on the pressure drop in pipes for ice slurry flows. The variation of the pressure drop as a function of slurry velocity, pipe diameter as well as ice concentration in the slurry is discussed. The stratification observed for particular flow conditions and its effects on the pressure drop as well as the role of particle diameter in the evaluation of pressure drop are addressed.
The paper also presents an analysis of the four rheological models namely Bingham, Casson, Power and Herschel–Bulkley that predict the behavior of ice slurries in tubes. The study found that the rheological models agree with the trend of the experimental data. Further research is required to develop a new unified rheological model that could extend the applicability of the model under varying conditions.DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002148
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1533-1539
Titre : Effect of temperature on the effective latent heat of fusion of ice in aqueous solutions Titre original : Effet de la température sur la chaleur latente de fusion de glace dans les solutions aqueuses Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tatsunori Asaoka, Auteur ; Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Masashi Okada, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1533-1539 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermodynamic Melting Ice Aqueous solution Latent heat Parameter Temperature Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The calculation method for the effective latent heat of fusion of ice in aqueous solution was proposed, in order to clarify the amount of heat generated by the melting of ice in ice slurry. In this study, the effect of the temperature of the aqueous solution on the effective latent heat was investigated. As a result, it was clarified that the effective latent heat of fusion of ice in ethanol solution is significantly affected by the temperature of the solution, thought not so significantly for propylene glycol and ethylene glycol solutions. Additionally, the specific heat of ethanol solution near the freezing temperature was measured, since there are insufficient data for our investigations. Moreover, the investigation to estimate the effective latent heat near the freezing temperature was carried out. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000459 [article] Effect of temperature on the effective latent heat of fusion of ice in aqueous solutions = Effet de la température sur la chaleur latente de fusion de glace dans les solutions aqueuses [texte imprimé] / Tatsunori Asaoka, Auteur ; Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Masashi Okada, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1533-1539.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1533-1539
Mots-clés : Thermodynamic Melting Ice Aqueous solution Latent heat Parameter Temperature Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The calculation method for the effective latent heat of fusion of ice in aqueous solution was proposed, in order to clarify the amount of heat generated by the melting of ice in ice slurry. In this study, the effect of the temperature of the aqueous solution on the effective latent heat was investigated. As a result, it was clarified that the effective latent heat of fusion of ice in ethanol solution is significantly affected by the temperature of the solution, thought not so significantly for propylene glycol and ethylene glycol solutions. Additionally, the specific heat of ethanol solution near the freezing temperature was measured, since there are insufficient data for our investigations. Moreover, the investigation to estimate the effective latent heat near the freezing temperature was carried out. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000459
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1540-1549
Titre : Experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry Titre original : Etude expérimentale sur les caractéristiques de transfert de chaleur des coulis de glace Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Tetsuo Hirata, Auteur ; Ryouta Shouji, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1540-1549 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice slurry Melting Heat transfer coefficient Laminar flow Turbulent flow Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry were investigated experimentally. The Reynolds number, diameter of the tubes and ice packing factor (IPF) were varied as experimental parameters. For laminar flow, it was found that the ratio of the Nusselt numbers increased with the IPF, and an approximation equation of the Nusselt number could be derived using the apparent Reynolds number, IPF and the ratio of the average diameter of the ice particles to the diameter of the test tube. For turbulent flow, the ratio of the Nusselt numbers was 1 for each condition in the case of a low IPF. However, the ratio of the Nusselt numbers increased with the IPF in the high-IPF region. Moreover, the apparent Reynolds number, which can be derived by treating the ice slurry as a pseudoplastic fluid, can be used to determine the condition under which variation in the heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry in turbulent flow occurs. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001696 [article] Experimental study on heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry = Etude expérimentale sur les caractéristiques de transfert de chaleur des coulis de glace [texte imprimé] / Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Tetsuo Hirata, Auteur ; Ryouta Shouji, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1540-1549.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1540-1549
Mots-clés : Ice slurry Melting Heat transfer coefficient Laminar flow Turbulent flow Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry were investigated experimentally. The Reynolds number, diameter of the tubes and ice packing factor (IPF) were varied as experimental parameters. For laminar flow, it was found that the ratio of the Nusselt numbers increased with the IPF, and an approximation equation of the Nusselt number could be derived using the apparent Reynolds number, IPF and the ratio of the average diameter of the ice particles to the diameter of the test tube. For turbulent flow, the ratio of the Nusselt numbers was 1 for each condition in the case of a low IPF. However, the ratio of the Nusselt numbers increased with the IPF in the high-IPF region. Moreover, the apparent Reynolds number, which can be derived by treating the ice slurry as a pseudoplastic fluid, can be used to determine the condition under which variation in the heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry in turbulent flow occurs. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001696
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1550-1558
Titre : Numerical modeling of double-diffusive convection in ice slurry storage tank Titre original : Modélisation de la convection à double diffusion dans un bac à accumulation de coulis de glace Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Kousksou, Auteur ; A. Arid, Auteur ; J. Majid, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1550-1558 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermal storage Ice slurry Modelling Simulation Melting Aqueous solution Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The interaction between laminar Rayleigh–Benard convection and non-isothermal melting process is studied for the case of ice slurry kept in a rectangular cavity heated from the bottom. Clear visualization of the Rayleigh–Benard convective cells and their interaction with the melting front are obtained. It is observed that the convective cells are characterized by zones of up-flow and down-flow, resulting in the development of a nonplanar interface. Because of the continuous advancement of the solid/liquid interface, the effective solid height of the cavity keeps decreasing. The results include also the evolution of the solid–liquid interface, the local temperature and the ice mass fraction inside the storage tank. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000897 [article] Numerical modeling of double-diffusive convection in ice slurry storage tank = Modélisation de la convection à double diffusion dans un bac à accumulation de coulis de glace [texte imprimé] / T. Kousksou, Auteur ; A. Arid, Auteur ; J. Majid, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1550-1558.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1550-1558
Mots-clés : Thermal storage Ice slurry Modelling Simulation Melting Aqueous solution Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The interaction between laminar Rayleigh–Benard convection and non-isothermal melting process is studied for the case of ice slurry kept in a rectangular cavity heated from the bottom. Clear visualization of the Rayleigh–Benard convective cells and their interaction with the melting front are obtained. It is observed that the convective cells are characterized by zones of up-flow and down-flow, resulting in the development of a nonplanar interface. Because of the continuous advancement of the solid/liquid interface, the effective solid height of the cavity keeps decreasing. The results include also the evolution of the solid–liquid interface, the local temperature and the ice mass fraction inside the storage tank. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000897
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1559-1568
Titre : Ice slurry crystallization based on kinetic phase-change modeling Titre original : Approché cinétique de la modélisation de la cristallisation des coulis de glace à changement de phase Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : V. Chégnimonhan, Auteur ; C. Josset, Auteur ; H. Peerhossaini, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1559-1568 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice slurry Crystallization Modelling Simulation Kinetics Algorithm Nucleation Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Most crystallization models for ice slurries are based on the equilibrium thermodynamic approach, an assumption that is not made a priori here. We present results of simulations grounded on classical nucleation theory and crystal growth included in global Nakamura-type kinetics coupled with the one-dimensional nonlinear heat equation, another way to model the phase change. The work focuses on ice slurry crystallization using kinetic tools integrating the temperature glide for mixtures (i.e., the solid–liquid equilibrium temperature Tf depends on the residual fluid’s solute concentration) without any equilibrium assumption. The heat-transfer phenomena in the experimental device are first determined, and then the parameters of kinetic function of crystallization are identified for pure water samples and then for 15 wt% monopropylene glycol (MPG) – water mixtures. An inverse method is implemented with a genetic algorithm to determine the kinetic parameters. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001222 [article] Ice slurry crystallization based on kinetic phase-change modeling = Approché cinétique de la modélisation de la cristallisation des coulis de glace à changement de phase [texte imprimé] / V. Chégnimonhan, Auteur ; C. Josset, Auteur ; H. Peerhossaini, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1559-1568.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1559-1568
Mots-clés : Ice slurry Crystallization Modelling Simulation Kinetics Algorithm Nucleation Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Most crystallization models for ice slurries are based on the equilibrium thermodynamic approach, an assumption that is not made a priori here. We present results of simulations grounded on classical nucleation theory and crystal growth included in global Nakamura-type kinetics coupled with the one-dimensional nonlinear heat equation, another way to model the phase change. The work focuses on ice slurry crystallization using kinetic tools integrating the temperature glide for mixtures (i.e., the solid–liquid equilibrium temperature Tf depends on the residual fluid’s solute concentration) without any equilibrium assumption. The heat-transfer phenomena in the experimental device are first determined, and then the parameters of kinetic function of crystallization are identified for pure water samples and then for 15 wt% monopropylene glycol (MPG) – water mixtures. An inverse method is implemented with a genetic algorithm to determine the kinetic parameters. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001222
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1569-1582
Titre : Forced convective heat transfer in supercooled phase-change material suspensions with stochastic crystallization Titre original : Suspensions surrefroidies de matériaux à changement de phase à cristallisation stochastique: transfert de chaleur lors de la convection forcée Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Kousksou, Auteur ; T. El Rhafiki, Auteur ; K. El Omari, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1569-1582 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Secondary refrigerant Material Phase change Modelling Simulation Melting Crystallization Suspension Nucleation Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : A model has been developed for the simulation of laminar hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics in a horizontal circular tube for a suspension flow with micro-size phase-change material (PCM) particles. The energy equation is formulated by taking into consideration the heat absorption (or release) due to the phase-change process. The heat source or heat generation term in the energy equation is derived from solutions for freezing or melting inside the particles. The supercooling breakdown induced by the stochastic character of the crystallization is taken into account in the modeling with nucleation laws. The solutions were compared to experimental results obtained by different authors. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000927 [article] Forced convective heat transfer in supercooled phase-change material suspensions with stochastic crystallization = Suspensions surrefroidies de matériaux à changement de phase à cristallisation stochastique: transfert de chaleur lors de la convection forcée [texte imprimé] / T. Kousksou, Auteur ; T. El Rhafiki, Auteur ; K. El Omari, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1569-1582.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1569-1582
Mots-clés : Secondary refrigerant Material Phase change Modelling Simulation Melting Crystallization Suspension Nucleation Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : A model has been developed for the simulation of laminar hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics in a horizontal circular tube for a suspension flow with micro-size phase-change material (PCM) particles. The energy equation is formulated by taking into consideration the heat absorption (or release) due to the phase-change process. The heat source or heat generation term in the energy equation is derived from solutions for freezing or melting inside the particles. The supercooling breakdown induced by the stochastic character of the crystallization is taken into account in the modeling with nucleation laws. The solutions were compared to experimental results obtained by different authors. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000927
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1583-1589
Titre : Low temperature paraffin phase change emulsions Titre original : Emulsions à la paraffine à changement de phase à basse température Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Li Huang, Auteur ; Christian Doetsch, Auteur ; Clemens Pollerberg, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1583-1589 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice slurry Secondary refrigerant Material Phase change Paraffin Emulsion Cold storage Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : A paraffin phase change emulsion is a multifunctional fluid consisting of water as the continuous phase and a paraffin as the dispersed phase. It can store or transfer large amounts of thermal energy by using the latent heat capacity of the paraffin during the solid–liquid transition as well as the sensible heat capacity of water and that of the paraffin. This paper presents three paraffin emulsions with different phase transition temperatures: CryoSolplus6, CryoSolplus10 and CryoSolplus20. CryoSolplus6 is foreseen for air-conditioning applications with a freezing peak point of 6 °C, CryoSolplus10 for cooling of buildings with a freezing peak point of 10 °C and CryoSolplus20 for increasing the thermal storage mass of building components with a freezing peak point of 20 °C. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001143 [article] Low temperature paraffin phase change emulsions = Emulsions à la paraffine à changement de phase à basse température [texte imprimé] / Li Huang, Auteur ; Christian Doetsch, Auteur ; Clemens Pollerberg, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1583-1589.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1583-1589
Mots-clés : Ice slurry Secondary refrigerant Material Phase change Paraffin Emulsion Cold storage Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : A paraffin phase change emulsion is a multifunctional fluid consisting of water as the continuous phase and a paraffin as the dispersed phase. It can store or transfer large amounts of thermal energy by using the latent heat capacity of the paraffin during the solid–liquid transition as well as the sensible heat capacity of water and that of the paraffin. This paper presents three paraffin emulsions with different phase transition temperatures: CryoSolplus6, CryoSolplus10 and CryoSolplus20. CryoSolplus6 is foreseen for air-conditioning applications with a freezing peak point of 6 °C, CryoSolplus10 for cooling of buildings with a freezing peak point of 10 °C and CryoSolplus20 for increasing the thermal storage mass of building components with a freezing peak point of 20 °C. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001143
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1590-1597
Titre : Study on formation of ice slurry by W/O emulsion (discussion for promoting propagation of supercooling dissolution due to DC voltage impression) Titre original : Etude sur la génération de coulis de glace à l'aide d'une émulsion eau-huile (discussion sur la proportion de la propagation de la dissolution surrefroidie sous l'effet d'une tension électrique continue) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Koji Matsumoto, Auteur ; Hirofumi Yamauchi, Auteur ; Yoshikazu Teraoka, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1590-1597 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Energy storage Ice slurry Emulsion Freezing Supercooling Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : This study is focused on a W/O (water-in-oil) emulsion with 60–80% water contents for formation of ice slurry in ice storage system. The emulsion is made of oil–water mixture with a little amino group modified silicone oil additive. Ice slurry could be formed by cooling the emulsion without ice adhesion to a cooling wall because of its structural feature. However, it was found that propagation of supercooling dissolution of the emulsion hardly started and the propagation rate was much slower. In this study, in order to promote propagation of supercoolng dissolution of the emulsion without ice nucleus charging, the DC voltage is applied to the emulsion during the cooling process. And then, influences of the magnitude of applied voltage, the composition ratio of water and oil (water content), and the distance between electrodes on the propagation process are clarified. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700709002333 [article] Study on formation of ice slurry by W/O emulsion (discussion for promoting propagation of supercooling dissolution due to DC voltage impression) = Etude sur la génération de coulis de glace à l'aide d'une émulsion eau-huile (discussion sur la proportion de la propagation de la dissolution surrefroidie sous l'effet d'une tension électrique continue) [texte imprimé] / Koji Matsumoto, Auteur ; Hirofumi Yamauchi, Auteur ; Yoshikazu Teraoka, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1590-1597.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1590-1597
Mots-clés : Energy storage Ice slurry Emulsion Freezing Supercooling Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : This study is focused on a W/O (water-in-oil) emulsion with 60–80% water contents for formation of ice slurry in ice storage system. The emulsion is made of oil–water mixture with a little amino group modified silicone oil additive. Ice slurry could be formed by cooling the emulsion without ice adhesion to a cooling wall because of its structural feature. However, it was found that propagation of supercooling dissolution of the emulsion hardly started and the propagation rate was much slower. In this study, in order to promote propagation of supercoolng dissolution of the emulsion without ice nucleus charging, the DC voltage is applied to the emulsion during the cooling process. And then, influences of the magnitude of applied voltage, the composition ratio of water and oil (water content), and the distance between electrodes on the propagation process are clarified. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700709002333
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1598-1604
Titre : Study on formation of ice slurry by W/O emulsion (discussion for promoting propagation of supercooling dissolution due to AC voltage impression) Titre original : Etude sur la génération de coulis de glace à l’aide d’une émulsion eau-huile (discussion sur la proportion de la propagation de la dissolution surrefroidie sous l’effet d’une tension électrique alternative) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Koji Matsumoto, Auteur ; Hirofumi Yamauchi, Auteur ; Yoshikazu Teraoka, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1598-1604 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice slurry Emulsion Water Oil Review Process Electric field Alternating current Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : In an ice storage system, use of a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion is an effective means of forming ice slurry. It is possible to form ice slurry by cooling the emulsion without the adhesion of ice to a cooling wall because water contained in the emulsion does not come in direct contact with the cooling wall. However, the start of propagation of supercooling dissolution barely occurs and the subsequent rate of propagation is much slower. In a previous study, it was clarified that DC voltage impression to the emulsion was effective in promoting the propagation of supercooling dissolution of the emulsion. In the present paper, the validity of applying an AC voltage to the emulsion in place of a DC voltage is discussed. Moreover, under a fixed composition ratio of water and oil in the emulsion, influences of varying the magnitudes of the applied AC voltage and frequency on the propagation process are clarified. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700709002400 [article] Study on formation of ice slurry by W/O emulsion (discussion for promoting propagation of supercooling dissolution due to AC voltage impression) = Etude sur la génération de coulis de glace à l’aide d’une émulsion eau-huile (discussion sur la proportion de la propagation de la dissolution surrefroidie sous l’effet d’une tension électrique alternative) [texte imprimé] / Koji Matsumoto, Auteur ; Hirofumi Yamauchi, Auteur ; Yoshikazu Teraoka, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1598-1604.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1598-1604
Mots-clés : Ice slurry Emulsion Water Oil Review Process Electric field Alternating current Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : In an ice storage system, use of a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion is an effective means of forming ice slurry. It is possible to form ice slurry by cooling the emulsion without the adhesion of ice to a cooling wall because water contained in the emulsion does not come in direct contact with the cooling wall. However, the start of propagation of supercooling dissolution barely occurs and the subsequent rate of propagation is much slower. In a previous study, it was clarified that DC voltage impression to the emulsion was effective in promoting the propagation of supercooling dissolution of the emulsion. In the present paper, the validity of applying an AC voltage to the emulsion in place of a DC voltage is discussed. Moreover, under a fixed composition ratio of water and oil in the emulsion, influences of varying the magnitudes of the applied AC voltage and frequency on the propagation process are clarified. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700709002400
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1605-1611
Titre : Subcooling in hexadecane emulsions Titre original : Sous-refroidissement des émulsions d'hexadécane Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. Günther, Auteur ; T. Schmid, Auteur ; H. Mehling, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1605-1611 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Subcooling Latent heat Paraffin Emulsion Phase change-material Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : When a liquid starts to solidify only when cooled well below its melting temperature, this is called subcooling. From nucleation theory, subcooling is expected to increase for small volumes due to statistics and seed isolation effects. PCM emulsions are superior in their heat transfer rates compared to larger PCM modules. In principle, the smaller the droplets, the larger is the risk for significant subcooling. Due to the limitations of theoretic models, it is necessary to use experimental investigations to predict from what droplet size on subcooling becomes problematic in a PCM. In this paper, we present an experimental study on subcooling in hexadecane emulsions. Different hexadecane–water–surfactant systems with droplet size in the range of about 0.1–20 μm were prepared and analyzed. We have observed an increased subcooling of at least 10 K for small droplets. The surfactants also have an impact on the melting and solidification temperatures. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001684 [article] Subcooling in hexadecane emulsions = Sous-refroidissement des émulsions d'hexadécane [texte imprimé] / E. Günther, Auteur ; T. Schmid, Auteur ; H. Mehling, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1605-1611.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1605-1611
Mots-clés : Subcooling Latent heat Paraffin Emulsion Phase change-material Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : When a liquid starts to solidify only when cooled well below its melting temperature, this is called subcooling. From nucleation theory, subcooling is expected to increase for small volumes due to statistics and seed isolation effects. PCM emulsions are superior in their heat transfer rates compared to larger PCM modules. In principle, the smaller the droplets, the larger is the risk for significant subcooling. Due to the limitations of theoretic models, it is necessary to use experimental investigations to predict from what droplet size on subcooling becomes problematic in a PCM. In this paper, we present an experimental study on subcooling in hexadecane emulsions. Different hexadecane–water–surfactant systems with droplet size in the range of about 0.1–20 μm were prepared and analyzed. We have observed an increased subcooling of at least 10 K for small droplets. The surfactants also have an impact on the melting and solidification temperatures. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001684
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1612-1624
Titre : Formation of tetradecane nanoemulsion by low-energy emulsification methods Titre original : Formation de nanoémulsions de tétradécane à l'aide de méthodes d'émulsification à basse consommation d'énergie Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P. Schalbart, Auteur ; M. Kawaji, Auteur ; K. Fumoto, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1612-1624 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cold storage Two-phase coolant Phase-change material Paraffin-water emulsion Calorimetry Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Compared with conventional single-phase heat transfer fluids such as chilled water for air conditioning applications, the apparent specific heat of phase change emulsions in the phase change temperature range is greatly increased, thus offering attractive opportunities for heat transfer enhancement as well as thermal energy transportation and storage. Milky white oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions have been formed in the system water/Tween60 + Span60/tetradecane by using several emulsification routes among the low-energy emulsification methods (e.g., phase inversion temperature method). The best emulsification routes for good stability of the resulting emulsions have been determined. Thermal analyses indicated promising properties of phase change nanoemulsions for thermal storage and transport applications. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002069 [article] Formation of tetradecane nanoemulsion by low-energy emulsification methods = Formation de nanoémulsions de tétradécane à l'aide de méthodes d'émulsification à basse consommation d'énergie [texte imprimé] / P. Schalbart, Auteur ; M. Kawaji, Auteur ; K. Fumoto, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1612-1624.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1612-1624
Mots-clés : Cold storage Two-phase coolant Phase-change material Paraffin-water emulsion Calorimetry Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : Compared with conventional single-phase heat transfer fluids such as chilled water for air conditioning applications, the apparent specific heat of phase change emulsions in the phase change temperature range is greatly increased, thus offering attractive opportunities for heat transfer enhancement as well as thermal energy transportation and storage. Milky white oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions have been formed in the system water/Tween60 + Span60/tetradecane by using several emulsification routes among the low-energy emulsification methods (e.g., phase inversion temperature method). The best emulsification routes for good stability of the resulting emulsions have been determined. Thermal analyses indicated promising properties of phase change nanoemulsions for thermal storage and transport applications. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002069
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1625-1631
Titre : Characterization of CO2 hydrate formation and dissociation kinetics in a flow loop Titre original : Caractérisation des cinétiques de formation et de dissociation des hydrates de CO2 dans une boucle de circulation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Salem Jerbi, Auteur ; Anthony Delahaye, Auteur ; Laurence Fournaison, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1625-1631 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Kinetics Formation Dissociation CO2 hydrate Additives Experimental loop Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The objective of this work is to investigate CO2 hydrate formation and dissociation kinetics in the aim of designing a circulation loop with heat exchangers for secondary refrigeration applications. The formation of gas hydrates is a crystallization process which requires a supersaturated environment. The majority of the experimental formation data from the literature were obtained in semi-batch stirred tank. It was found that the hydrate growth for CO2 hydrate formation was approximately 1.8 × 10−3 %hydrate.s−1 for a stirring velocity about 450 rpm. The study reveals that for our system, an isothermal circulation loop, the kinetic varied from 4.3 × 10−3 to 8.3 × 10−3 %hydrate s−1, respectively for two protocols with water and water-additives selected for their dispersive and promoter properties. The first results of CO2 hydrate dissociation kinetics with or without additives were equivalent with various systems (semi-batch stirred tank reactor or loop) with approximately 5 × 10−3 %hydrate s−1. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002070 [article] Characterization of CO2 hydrate formation and dissociation kinetics in a flow loop = Caractérisation des cinétiques de formation et de dissociation des hydrates de CO2 dans une boucle de circulation [texte imprimé] / Salem Jerbi, Auteur ; Anthony Delahaye, Auteur ; Laurence Fournaison, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1625-1631.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1625-1631
Mots-clés : Kinetics Formation Dissociation CO2 hydrate Additives Experimental loop Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The objective of this work is to investigate CO2 hydrate formation and dissociation kinetics in the aim of designing a circulation loop with heat exchangers for secondary refrigeration applications. The formation of gas hydrates is a crystallization process which requires a supersaturated environment. The majority of the experimental formation data from the literature were obtained in semi-batch stirred tank. It was found that the hydrate growth for CO2 hydrate formation was approximately 1.8 × 10−3 %hydrate.s−1 for a stirring velocity about 450 rpm. The study reveals that for our system, an isothermal circulation loop, the kinetic varied from 4.3 × 10−3 to 8.3 × 10−3 %hydrate s−1, respectively for two protocols with water and water-additives selected for their dispersive and promoter properties. The first results of CO2 hydrate dissociation kinetics with or without additives were equivalent with various systems (semi-batch stirred tank reactor or loop) with approximately 5 × 10−3 %hydrate s−1. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002070
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1632-1638
Titre : Effect of molar ratio of counter-ions to cationic surfactants on drag reduction characteristics of trimethylolethane hydrate slurries : Effet du taux molaire des ions opposés par rapport aux agents tensio-actifs cationiques sur les caractéristiques de réduction des traînées de coulis d'hydrates de triméthyloléthane traités par des agents tensio-actifs Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hiroshi Suzuki, Auteur ; Shingo Tateishi, Auteur ; Yoshiyuki Komoda, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1632-1638 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Hydrate Friction Non-Newtonian fluid Two-phase heat carrier Additive Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : An experimental study on flow characteristics of trimethylolethane (TME) hydrate slurries treated with drag-reducing surfactants has been performed in order to investigate the effect of molar ratio of counter-ions to surfactants. As drag-reducing surfactants, oleylbishydroxyethylmethylammonium chloride was used. The molar ratio of counter-ions of sodium salicylate to surfactants ranged from 0 to 100 and surfactant concentration was changed in two steps; 1000 ppm and 2.000 ppm while the concentration of TME in water was set constant at 25 wt%. From the results, it was found that the drag reduction limitation becomes larger when the molar ratio of the counter-ions to surfactants is set around 20 for each surfactant concentration. From the detailed discussions, the drag reduction characteristics in a higher range of the molar ratio of counter-ions to surfactants were found to relate to the molar ratio of counter-ions to TME more significantly. Under the present conditions, it was concluded that 0.05 of the molar ratio of counter-ions to TME shows the most effective drag reduction. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002124 [article] Effect of molar ratio of counter-ions to cationic surfactants on drag reduction characteristics of trimethylolethane hydrate slurries : Effet du taux molaire des ions opposés par rapport aux agents tensio-actifs cationiques sur les caractéristiques de réduction des traînées de coulis d'hydrates de triméthyloléthane traités par des agents tensio-actifs [texte imprimé] / Hiroshi Suzuki, Auteur ; Shingo Tateishi, Auteur ; Yoshiyuki Komoda, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1632-1638.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1632-1638
Mots-clés : Hydrate Friction Non-Newtonian fluid Two-phase heat carrier Additive Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : An experimental study on flow characteristics of trimethylolethane (TME) hydrate slurries treated with drag-reducing surfactants has been performed in order to investigate the effect of molar ratio of counter-ions to surfactants. As drag-reducing surfactants, oleylbishydroxyethylmethylammonium chloride was used. The molar ratio of counter-ions of sodium salicylate to surfactants ranged from 0 to 100 and surfactant concentration was changed in two steps; 1000 ppm and 2.000 ppm while the concentration of TME in water was set constant at 25 wt%. From the results, it was found that the drag reduction limitation becomes larger when the molar ratio of the counter-ions to surfactants is set around 20 for each surfactant concentration. From the detailed discussions, the drag reduction characteristics in a higher range of the molar ratio of counter-ions to surfactants were found to relate to the molar ratio of counter-ions to TME more significantly. Under the present conditions, it was concluded that 0.05 of the molar ratio of counter-ions to TME shows the most effective drag reduction. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002124
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1639-1647
Titre : Characterisation of ice and THF hydrate slurry crystal size distribution by microscopic observation method : Caractérisation de la distribution en taille de cristaux de coulis de glace et d’hydrate de THF par une méthode d’observation microscopique Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anthony Delahaye, Auteur ; Laurence Fournaison, Auteur ; Guilpart, Jacques, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1639-1647 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice slurry Hydrate Tetrahydrofuran Particle Crystal Distribution Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The objective of the present work is to characterise, using an experimental microscopic observation device, the crystal size distribution (CSD) of ice and tetrahydrofuran (THF) hydrate slurries, which can be used as two-phase refrigerant fluids for cold transportation and storage in the field of secondary refrigeration. Three different solutes (ethanol, propylene glycol and sodium chloride) were used to form ice slurries. The studied hydrate was THF hydrate since it is stable at atmospheric pressure and in a temperature range suitable for refrigeration and air-conditioning applications. Experimental ice and THF hydrate slurry CSDs were compared to classical normal (Gaussian), log-normal, gamma, and Weibull (Rosin–Rammler) distributions. A comparison between ice and THF hydrate slurry CSD results showed that hydrate slurries were composed of crystals approximately 1.5 times smaller than ice crystals. The present results were shown to be useful input parameters for modelling thermophysical properties of slurry systems. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000873 [article] Characterisation of ice and THF hydrate slurry crystal size distribution by microscopic observation method : Caractérisation de la distribution en taille de cristaux de coulis de glace et d’hydrate de THF par une méthode d’observation microscopique [texte imprimé] / Anthony Delahaye, Auteur ; Laurence Fournaison, Auteur ; Guilpart, Jacques, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1639-1647.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1639-1647
Mots-clés : Ice slurry Hydrate Tetrahydrofuran Particle Crystal Distribution Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The objective of the present work is to characterise, using an experimental microscopic observation device, the crystal size distribution (CSD) of ice and tetrahydrofuran (THF) hydrate slurries, which can be used as two-phase refrigerant fluids for cold transportation and storage in the field of secondary refrigeration. Three different solutes (ethanol, propylene glycol and sodium chloride) were used to form ice slurries. The studied hydrate was THF hydrate since it is stable at atmospheric pressure and in a temperature range suitable for refrigeration and air-conditioning applications. Experimental ice and THF hydrate slurry CSDs were compared to classical normal (Gaussian), log-normal, gamma, and Weibull (Rosin–Rammler) distributions. A comparison between ice and THF hydrate slurry CSD results showed that hydrate slurries were composed of crystals approximately 1.5 times smaller than ice crystals. The present results were shown to be useful input parameters for modelling thermophysical properties of slurry systems. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000873
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1648-1656
Titre : Encapsulated phase change material under cyclic pulsed heat load : Matériau à changement de phase encapsulé à charge thermique à pulsations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Kousksou, Auteur ; P. Bruel, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1648-1656 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Heat storage Material Phase change Modelling Simulation Solar energy Improvement Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The objective of this work is to investigate numerically a storage system formed by a cylindrical tank which is randomly packed with spheres having uniform sizes and encapsulating paraffin as phase change material (PCM). The packed bed is tested for various complex input temperature signals of the working fluid as well as for different internal layouts. A stochastic differential Langevin equation is used to add some randomness in the sinusoidal inlet working fluid temperature signal. The results obtained put into evidence the noticeable sensitivity of the bed response to the adjunction of such a low amplitude stochastic signal. The results obtained for a multi-slab configuration indicate also that it is possible to maximise the energy stored under a latent form by properly selecting and ordering the different PCM’s in the bed. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001234 [article] Encapsulated phase change material under cyclic pulsed heat load : Matériau à changement de phase encapsulé à charge thermique à pulsations [texte imprimé] / T. Kousksou, Auteur ; P. Bruel, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1648-1656.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1648-1656
Mots-clés : Heat storage Material Phase change Modelling Simulation Solar energy Improvement Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : The objective of this work is to investigate numerically a storage system formed by a cylindrical tank which is randomly packed with spheres having uniform sizes and encapsulating paraffin as phase change material (PCM). The packed bed is tested for various complex input temperature signals of the working fluid as well as for different internal layouts. A stochastic differential Langevin equation is used to add some randomness in the sinusoidal inlet working fluid temperature signal. The results obtained put into evidence the noticeable sensitivity of the bed response to the adjunction of such a low amplitude stochastic signal. The results obtained for a multi-slab configuration indicate also that it is possible to maximise the energy stored under a latent form by properly selecting and ordering the different PCM’s in the bed. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001234
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1657-1669
Titre : Development of a computer program for the simulation of ice-bank system operation, part II: Verification Titre original : Développement d'un logiciel pour la simulation du fonctionnement d'un système d'accumulation de glace. Partie II : vérification Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marino Grozdek, Auteur ; Boris Halasz, Auteur ; Tonko Ćurko, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1657-1669 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermal storage Ice bank Cooling Milk Experiment Modelling Simulation Comparison Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : In order to verify the mathematical model of an ice bank system developed for the purpose of predicting the system performance, experimental measurements on the ice bank system were performed. Static, indirect, cool thermal storage system, with an external ice-on-coil building/melting was considered. Cooling energy stored in the form of ice by night is used for the rapid cooling of milk after the process of pasteurization by day. The ice bank system was tested under real operating conditions to determine parameters such as the time-varying heat load imposed by the consumer, refrigeration unit load, storage capacity, supply water temperature to the load and to find charging and discharging characteristics of the storage. Experimentally obtained results were then compared to the computed ones. It was found that the calculated and experimentally obtained results are in good agreement as long as there is ice present in the silo. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000885 [article] Development of a computer program for the simulation of ice-bank system operation, part II: Verification = Développement d'un logiciel pour la simulation du fonctionnement d'un système d'accumulation de glace. Partie II : vérification [texte imprimé] / Marino Grozdek, Auteur ; Boris Halasz, Auteur ; Tonko Ćurko, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1657-1669.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1657-1669
Mots-clés : Thermal storage Ice bank Cooling Milk Experiment Modelling Simulation Comparison Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : In order to verify the mathematical model of an ice bank system developed for the purpose of predicting the system performance, experimental measurements on the ice bank system were performed. Static, indirect, cool thermal storage system, with an external ice-on-coil building/melting was considered. Cooling energy stored in the form of ice by night is used for the rapid cooling of milk after the process of pasteurization by day. The ice bank system was tested under real operating conditions to determine parameters such as the time-varying heat load imposed by the consumer, refrigeration unit load, storage capacity, supply water temperature to the load and to find charging and discharging characteristics of the storage. Experimentally obtained results were then compared to the computed ones. It was found that the calculated and experimentally obtained results are in good agreement as long as there is ice present in the silo. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710000885
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1670-1675
Titre : Lowering and phase shifting of temperature profiles with phase change materials in Minergie™ houses Titre original : Augmentation et diminution des profils de température à l'aide de matériaux à changement de phase dans les maisons Minergie™ Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C. Muriset, Auteur ; Peter W. Egolf, Auteur ; D. Vuarnoz, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1670-1675 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Material Phase-change Thermal storage Model Numerical simulation Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : A PCM dephaser and storage module based on a melting/freezing model was built and implemented into the Dymola-Modelica software. This software offers thermal libraries with standard components as tubes, pumps, heat exchangers, etc. Main simulation results of interest include the phase shift (delay time) caused by cylinders filled with a PCM and positioned in the storage/dephasing device. Furthermore, an entire Minergie™ house was modelled by a rather simple (economic in terms of CPU time), but still very effective thermal model. This house is connected to a suitable ventilation system chosen from a list of six different types. Therefore, also by graphical means on an interface, it is possible to create a Minergie™ house with an integrated thermal temperature lowering/phase shifting and heat recovery device. Temperature differences between a Minergie™ house connected to a storage device and a house without such a device are studied. Such systems are planned to be mainly used for hybrid cooling of Swiss Minergie™ houses in summer time. In a multi-functional application, they could also be applied in winter for a heating support. Numerous simulation results are discussed and optimal solutions are presented. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002306 [article] Lowering and phase shifting of temperature profiles with phase change materials in Minergie™ houses = Augmentation et diminution des profils de température à l'aide de matériaux à changement de phase dans les maisons Minergie™ [texte imprimé] / C. Muriset, Auteur ; Peter W. Egolf, Auteur ; D. Vuarnoz, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1670-1675.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1670-1675
Mots-clés : Material Phase-change Thermal storage Model Numerical simulation Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : A PCM dephaser and storage module based on a melting/freezing model was built and implemented into the Dymola-Modelica software. This software offers thermal libraries with standard components as tubes, pumps, heat exchangers, etc. Main simulation results of interest include the phase shift (delay time) caused by cylinders filled with a PCM and positioned in the storage/dephasing device. Furthermore, an entire Minergie™ house was modelled by a rather simple (economic in terms of CPU time), but still very effective thermal model. This house is connected to a suitable ventilation system chosen from a list of six different types. Therefore, also by graphical means on an interface, it is possible to create a Minergie™ house with an integrated thermal temperature lowering/phase shifting and heat recovery device. Temperature differences between a Minergie™ house connected to a storage device and a house without such a device are studied. Such systems are planned to be mainly used for hybrid cooling of Swiss Minergie™ houses in summer time. In a multi-functional application, they could also be applied in winter for a heating support. Numerous simulation results are discussed and optimal solutions are presented. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710002306
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1676-1683
Titre : Experimental investigation of energy saving in buildings with PCM cold storage Titre original : Etude expérimentale sur les économies d'énergie engendrées par l'accumulation thermique grâce aux matériaux á changement de phase Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : U. Stritih, Auteur ; V. Butala, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1676-1683 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Air conditioning Cooling Building Thermal storage-material Phase change Free cooling Experiment Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : This article presents an experimental analysis of cooling buildings using night-time cold accumulation in a phase change material (PCM), otherwise known as the “free-cooling principle”. Studies of the ceiling and floor free-cooling principle, as well as passive cooling, are presented. The free-cooling principle is explained and some of the types of PCMs suitable for summer cooling are listed. An experiment was conducted using paraffin with a melting point of 22 °C as the PCM to store cold during the night-time and to cool hot air during the daytime in summer. Air temperatures, heat fluxes and heat as a function of time are presented for different air velocities and inlet temperatures. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001635 [article] Experimental investigation of energy saving in buildings with PCM cold storage = Etude expérimentale sur les économies d'énergie engendrées par l'accumulation thermique grâce aux matériaux á changement de phase [texte imprimé] / U. Stritih, Auteur ; V. Butala, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1676-1683.
Génie Mécanique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 33 N° 8 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 1676-1683
Mots-clés : Air conditioning Cooling Building Thermal storage-material Phase change Free cooling Experiment Index. décimale : 621.5 Energie pneumatique. Machinerie et outils. Réfrigération Résumé : This article presents an experimental analysis of cooling buildings using night-time cold accumulation in a phase change material (PCM), otherwise known as the “free-cooling principle”. Studies of the ceiling and floor free-cooling principle, as well as passive cooling, are presented. The free-cooling principle is explained and some of the types of PCMs suitable for summer cooling are listed. An experiment was conducted using paraffin with a melting point of 22 °C as the PCM to store cold during the night-time and to cool hot air during the daytime in summer. Air temperatures, heat fluxes and heat as a function of time are presented for different air velocities and inlet temperatures. DEWEY : 621.5 ISSN : 0140-7007 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700710001635
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