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Journal of heat transfer: Transactions of the ASME |
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierNumerical analysis of specific absorption rate and heat transfer in the human body exposed to leakage electromagnetic field at 915 MHz and 2450 MHz / Teerapot Wessapan in Journal of heat transfer, Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051101/1-13]
Titre : Numerical analysis of specific absorption rate and heat transfer in the human body exposed to leakage electromagnetic field at 915 MHz and 2450 MHz Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Teerapot Wessapan, Auteur ; Siramate Srisawatdhisukul, Auteur ; Phadungsak Rattanadecho, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [051101/1-13] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Microwave Temperature distribution Specific absorption rate Human body Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : In recent years, society has increased utilization of electromagnetic radiation in various applications. This radiation interacts with the human body and may lead to detrimental effects on human health. However, the resulting thermophysiologic response of the human body is not well understood. In order to gain insight into the phenomena occurring within the human body with temperature distribution induced by electromagnetic field, a detailed knowledge of absorbed power distribution is necessary. In this study, the effects of operating frequency and leakage power density on distributions of specific absorption rate and temperature profile within the human body are systematically investigated. This study focuses attention on organs in the human trunk. The specific absorption rate and the temperature distribution in various tissues, obtained by numerical solution of electromagnetic wave propagation coupled with unsteady bioheat transfer problem, are presented.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...] [article] Numerical analysis of specific absorption rate and heat transfer in the human body exposed to leakage electromagnetic field at 915 MHz and 2450 MHz [texte imprimé] / Teerapot Wessapan, Auteur ; Siramate Srisawatdhisukul, Auteur ; Phadungsak Rattanadecho, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [051101/1-13].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051101/1-13]
Mots-clés : Microwave Temperature distribution Specific absorption rate Human body Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : In recent years, society has increased utilization of electromagnetic radiation in various applications. This radiation interacts with the human body and may lead to detrimental effects on human health. However, the resulting thermophysiologic response of the human body is not well understood. In order to gain insight into the phenomena occurring within the human body with temperature distribution induced by electromagnetic field, a detailed knowledge of absorbed power distribution is necessary. In this study, the effects of operating frequency and leakage power density on distributions of specific absorption rate and temperature profile within the human body are systematically investigated. This study focuses attention on organs in the human trunk. The specific absorption rate and the temperature distribution in various tissues, obtained by numerical solution of electromagnetic wave propagation coupled with unsteady bioheat transfer problem, are presented.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051401/1-11]
Titre : On the cooling of electronics with nanofluids Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : W. Escher, Auteur ; T. Brunschwiler, Auteur ; N. Shalkevich, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [051401/1-11] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nanofluid Nanoparticle Suspension Thermal conductivity Convection heat transfer Electronics cooling Experiment Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Nanofluids have been proposed to improve the performance of microchannel heat sinks. In this paper, we present a systematic characterization of aqueous silica nanoparticle suspensions with concentrations up to 31 vol %. We determined the particle morphology by transmission electron microscope imaging and its dispersion status by dynamic light scattering measurements. The thermophysical properties of the fluids, namely, their specific heat, density, thermal conductivity, and dynamic viscosity were experimentally measured. We fabricated microchannel heat sinks with three different channel widths and characterized their thermal performance as a function of volumetric flow rate for silica nanofluids at concentrations by volume of 0%, 5%, 16%, and 31%. The Nusselt number was extracted from the experimental results and compared with the theoretical predictions considering the change of fluids bulk properties. We demonstrated a deviation of less than 10% between the experiments and the predictions. Hence, standard correlations can be used to estimate the convective heat transfer of nanofluids. In addition, we applied a one-dimensional model of the heat sink, validated by the experiments. We predicted the potential of nanofluids to increase the performance of microchannel heat sinks. To this end, we varied the individual thermophysical properties of the coolant and studied their impact on the heat sink performance. We demonstrated that the relative thermal conductivity enhancement must be larger than the relative viscosity increase in order to gain a sizeable performance benefit. Furthermore, we showed that it would be preferable to increase the volumetric heat capacity of the fluid instead of increasing its thermal conductivity.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...] [article] On the cooling of electronics with nanofluids [texte imprimé] / W. Escher, Auteur ; T. Brunschwiler, Auteur ; N. Shalkevich, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [051401/1-11].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051401/1-11]
Mots-clés : Nanofluid Nanoparticle Suspension Thermal conductivity Convection heat transfer Electronics cooling Experiment Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Nanofluids have been proposed to improve the performance of microchannel heat sinks. In this paper, we present a systematic characterization of aqueous silica nanoparticle suspensions with concentrations up to 31 vol %. We determined the particle morphology by transmission electron microscope imaging and its dispersion status by dynamic light scattering measurements. The thermophysical properties of the fluids, namely, their specific heat, density, thermal conductivity, and dynamic viscosity were experimentally measured. We fabricated microchannel heat sinks with three different channel widths and characterized their thermal performance as a function of volumetric flow rate for silica nanofluids at concentrations by volume of 0%, 5%, 16%, and 31%. The Nusselt number was extracted from the experimental results and compared with the theoretical predictions considering the change of fluids bulk properties. We demonstrated a deviation of less than 10% between the experiments and the predictions. Hence, standard correlations can be used to estimate the convective heat transfer of nanofluids. In addition, we applied a one-dimensional model of the heat sink, validated by the experiments. We predicted the potential of nanofluids to increase the performance of microchannel heat sinks. To this end, we varied the individual thermophysical properties of the coolant and studied their impact on the heat sink performance. We demonstrated that the relative thermal conductivity enhancement must be larger than the relative viscosity increase in order to gain a sizeable performance benefit. Furthermore, we showed that it would be preferable to increase the volumetric heat capacity of the fluid instead of increasing its thermal conductivity.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051501/1-11]
Titre : Investigation on intertube falling-film Heat transfer and mode transitions of aqueous-alumina nanofluids Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Binglu Ruan, Auteur ; Anthony M. Jacobi, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [051501/1-11] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Falling-film Heat transfer Nanofluids Lode transition Thermal conductivity Viscosity Surface tension Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Horizontal-tube falling-film heat transfer characteristics of aqueous aluminum oxide nanofluids at concentrations of 0 vol %, 0.05 vol % (0.20 wt %), 0.5 vol % (1.96 wt %), 1 vol % (3.86 wt %) (with and without sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate), and 2 vol % (7.51 wt %) are investigated and compared with predictions developed for conventional fluids. The thermophysical properties of the nanofluids, including thermal conductivity, kinematic viscosity, and surface tension, are reported, as is the mode transition behavior of the nanofluids. The experimental results for heat transfer are in good agreement with predictions for falling-film flow and no unusual Nu enhancement was observed in the present studies. Additionally, a 20% mode transitional Reynolds number increase was recorded for transitions between sheets and jets and jet-droplet mode to droplet mode. Although the findings with water-alumina nanofluids are not encouraging with respect to heat transfer, the results extend nanofluid data to a new type of flow and may help improve our understanding of nanofluid behavior. Moreover, this work provides a basis for further work on falling-film nanofluids.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...] [article] Investigation on intertube falling-film Heat transfer and mode transitions of aqueous-alumina nanofluids [texte imprimé] / Binglu Ruan, Auteur ; Anthony M. Jacobi, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [051501/1-11].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051501/1-11]
Mots-clés : Falling-film Heat transfer Nanofluids Lode transition Thermal conductivity Viscosity Surface tension Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Horizontal-tube falling-film heat transfer characteristics of aqueous aluminum oxide nanofluids at concentrations of 0 vol %, 0.05 vol % (0.20 wt %), 0.5 vol % (1.96 wt %), 1 vol % (3.86 wt %) (with and without sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate), and 2 vol % (7.51 wt %) are investigated and compared with predictions developed for conventional fluids. The thermophysical properties of the nanofluids, including thermal conductivity, kinematic viscosity, and surface tension, are reported, as is the mode transition behavior of the nanofluids. The experimental results for heat transfer are in good agreement with predictions for falling-film flow and no unusual Nu enhancement was observed in the present studies. Additionally, a 20% mode transitional Reynolds number increase was recorded for transitions between sheets and jets and jet-droplet mode to droplet mode. Although the findings with water-alumina nanofluids are not encouraging with respect to heat transfer, the results extend nanofluid data to a new type of flow and may help improve our understanding of nanofluid behavior. Moreover, this work provides a basis for further work on falling-film nanofluids.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051502/1-9]
Titre : Flow boiling of R134a in circular microtubes.Part I, Study of heat transfer characteristics Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Saptarshi Basu, Auteur ; Sidy Ndao, Auteur ; Gregory J. Michna, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [051502/1-9] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Flow boiling R134a Microscale Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : An experimental study of two-phase heat transfer coefficients was carried out using R134a in uniformly heated horizontal circular microtubes with diameters from 0.50 mm to 1.60 mm over a range of mass fluxes, heat fluxes, saturation pressures, and vapor qualities. Heat transfer coefficients increased with increasing heat flux and saturation pressure but were independent of mass flux. The effects of vapor quality on heat transfer coefficients were less pronounced and varied depending on the quality. The data were compared with seven flow boiling correlations. None of the correlations predicted the experimental data very well, although they generally predicted the correct trends within limits of experimental error. A correlation was developed, which predicted the heat transfer coefficients with a mean average error of 29%. 80% of the data points were within the ±30% error limit.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...] [article] Flow boiling of R134a in circular microtubes.Part I, Study of heat transfer characteristics [texte imprimé] / Saptarshi Basu, Auteur ; Sidy Ndao, Auteur ; Gregory J. Michna, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [051502/1-9].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051502/1-9]
Mots-clés : Flow boiling R134a Microscale Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : An experimental study of two-phase heat transfer coefficients was carried out using R134a in uniformly heated horizontal circular microtubes with diameters from 0.50 mm to 1.60 mm over a range of mass fluxes, heat fluxes, saturation pressures, and vapor qualities. Heat transfer coefficients increased with increasing heat flux and saturation pressure but were independent of mass flux. The effects of vapor quality on heat transfer coefficients were less pronounced and varied depending on the quality. The data were compared with seven flow boiling correlations. None of the correlations predicted the experimental data very well, although they generally predicted the correct trends within limits of experimental error. A correlation was developed, which predicted the heat transfer coefficients with a mean average error of 29%. 80% of the data points were within the ±30% error limit.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051503/1-9]
Titre : Flow boiling of R134a in circular microtubes.Part II, Study of critical heat flux condition Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Saptarshi Basu, Auteur ; Sidy Ndao, Auteur ; Gregory J. Michna, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [051503/1-9] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Circular heat flux R134a Boiling Microscale Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : A detailed experimental study was carried out on the critical heat flux (CHF) condition for flow boiling of R134a in single circular microtubes. The test sections had inner diameters (ID) of 0.50 mm, 0.96 mm, and 1.60 mm. Experiments were conducted over a large range of mass flux, inlet subcooling, saturation pressure, and vapor quality. CHF occurred under saturated conditions at high qualities and increased with increasing mass fluxes, tube diameters, and inlet subcoolings. CHF generally, but not always, decreases with increasing saturation pressures and vapor qualities. The experimental data were mapped to the flow pattern maps developed by Hasan [2005, “Two-Phase Flow Regime Transitions in Microchannels: A Comparative Experimental Study,” Nanoscale Microscale Thermophys. Eng., 9, pp. 165–182] and Revellin and Thome [2007, “A New Type of Diabatic Flow Pattern Map for Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels,” J. Micromech. Microeng., 17, pp. 788–796]. Based on these maps, CHF mainly occurred in the annular flow regime in the larger tubes. The flow pattern for the 0.50 mm ID tube was not conclusively identified. Four correlations—the Bowring correlation, the Katto-Ohno correlation, the Thome correlation, and the Zhang correlation—were used to predict the experimental data. The correlations predicted the correct experimental trend, but the mean absolute error (MAE) was high (>15%) A new correlation was developed to fit the experimental data with a MAE of 10%.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...] [article] Flow boiling of R134a in circular microtubes.Part II, Study of critical heat flux condition [texte imprimé] / Saptarshi Basu, Auteur ; Sidy Ndao, Auteur ; Gregory J. Michna, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [051503/1-9].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051503/1-9]
Mots-clés : Circular heat flux R134a Boiling Microscale Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : A detailed experimental study was carried out on the critical heat flux (CHF) condition for flow boiling of R134a in single circular microtubes. The test sections had inner diameters (ID) of 0.50 mm, 0.96 mm, and 1.60 mm. Experiments were conducted over a large range of mass flux, inlet subcooling, saturation pressure, and vapor quality. CHF occurred under saturated conditions at high qualities and increased with increasing mass fluxes, tube diameters, and inlet subcoolings. CHF generally, but not always, decreases with increasing saturation pressures and vapor qualities. The experimental data were mapped to the flow pattern maps developed by Hasan [2005, “Two-Phase Flow Regime Transitions in Microchannels: A Comparative Experimental Study,” Nanoscale Microscale Thermophys. Eng., 9, pp. 165–182] and Revellin and Thome [2007, “A New Type of Diabatic Flow Pattern Map for Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels,” J. Micromech. Microeng., 17, pp. 788–796]. Based on these maps, CHF mainly occurred in the annular flow regime in the larger tubes. The flow pattern for the 0.50 mm ID tube was not conclusively identified. Four correlations—the Bowring correlation, the Katto-Ohno correlation, the Thome correlation, and the Zhang correlation—were used to predict the experimental data. The correlations predicted the correct experimental trend, but the mean absolute error (MAE) was high (>15%) A new correlation was developed to fit the experimental data with a MAE of 10%.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051601/1-9]
Titre : Thermovibrational instability in a fluid saturated anisotropic porous medium Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : S. Saravanan, Auteur ; T. Sivakumar, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [051601/1-9] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Vibration Convection Stability Anisotropy Brinkman model Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : A comprehensive investigation is made to understand the effect of harmonic vibration on the onset of convection in a horizontal anisotropic porous layer heated either from below or from above. The layer is subject to vertical mechanical vibrations of arbitrary amplitude and frequency. The porous medium is assumed to be both mechanically and thermally anisotropic, and Brinkman's law is invoked to model the momentum balance. Both continued fraction and Hill's infinite determinant methods are used to determine the convective instability threshold with the aid of Floquet theory. The synchronous and subharmonic resonant regions of dynamic instability are determined and their critical boundaries are found. The results show that anisotropy in permeability favors convection whereas that in thermal conductivity suppresses it with a wider cellular pattern at the instability threshold. The influence of vibration parameters and heating condition on the anisotropy effects and the competition between the synchronous and subharmonic modes are discussed. This study also reveals the existence of a closed disconnected instability region in certain areas of the parameter space for the first time in literature.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...] [article] Thermovibrational instability in a fluid saturated anisotropic porous medium [texte imprimé] / S. Saravanan, Auteur ; T. Sivakumar, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [051601/1-9].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051601/1-9]
Mots-clés : Vibration Convection Stability Anisotropy Brinkman model Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : A comprehensive investigation is made to understand the effect of harmonic vibration on the onset of convection in a horizontal anisotropic porous layer heated either from below or from above. The layer is subject to vertical mechanical vibrations of arbitrary amplitude and frequency. The porous medium is assumed to be both mechanically and thermally anisotropic, and Brinkman's law is invoked to model the momentum balance. Both continued fraction and Hill's infinite determinant methods are used to determine the convective instability threshold with the aid of Floquet theory. The synchronous and subharmonic resonant regions of dynamic instability are determined and their critical boundaries are found. The results show that anisotropy in permeability favors convection whereas that in thermal conductivity suppresses it with a wider cellular pattern at the instability threshold. The influence of vibration parameters and heating condition on the anisotropy effects and the competition between the synchronous and subharmonic modes are discussed. This study also reveals the existence of a closed disconnected instability region in certain areas of the parameter space for the first time in literature.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051701/1-8]
Titre : Validation and analysis of numerical results for a varying aspect ratio two-pass internal cooling channel Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Igor V. Shevchuk, Auteur ; Sean C. Jenkins, Auteur ; Bernhard Weigand, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [051701/1-8] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Two-pass channel Bend Ribs Heat transfer Efficiency Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Numerical results for an internal ribbed cooling channel including a 180 deg bend with a 2:1 inlet and a 1:1 aspect ratio outlet channel were validated against experimental results in terms of spatially resolved heat transfer distributions, pressure losses, and velocity distributions. The numerical domain consisted of one rib segment in the inlet channel and three ribs segments in the outlet channel to reduce the overall numerical effort and allow for an extensive parametric study. The results showed good agreement for both heat transfer magnitudes and spatial distributions, and the numerical results captured the predominate flow physics resulting from the 180 deg bend. The production of Dean vortices and acceleration of the flow in the bend produced strongly increased heat transfer on both the ribbed and unribbed walls in the outlet channel in addition to increases due to the ribs. Numerical simulations were performed for a wide range of divider wall-to-tip wall distances, which influenced the position of the highest heat transfer levels on the outlet walls and changed the shape of the heat transfer distribution on the tip wall. Analysis of section averages of heat transfer in the bend and outlet channel showed a strong influence of the tip wall distance, while no effect was seen upstream of the bend. A similarly large effect on pressure losses in the bend was observed with varying tip wall position. Trends in averaged heat transfer varied linearly with tip wall distance, while pressure losses followed a nonlinear trend, resulting in an optimum tip wall distance with respect to heat transfer efficiency.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...] [article] Validation and analysis of numerical results for a varying aspect ratio two-pass internal cooling channel [texte imprimé] / Igor V. Shevchuk, Auteur ; Sean C. Jenkins, Auteur ; Bernhard Weigand, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [051701/1-8].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051701/1-8]
Mots-clés : Two-pass channel Bend Ribs Heat transfer Efficiency Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Numerical results for an internal ribbed cooling channel including a 180 deg bend with a 2:1 inlet and a 1:1 aspect ratio outlet channel were validated against experimental results in terms of spatially resolved heat transfer distributions, pressure losses, and velocity distributions. The numerical domain consisted of one rib segment in the inlet channel and three ribs segments in the outlet channel to reduce the overall numerical effort and allow for an extensive parametric study. The results showed good agreement for both heat transfer magnitudes and spatial distributions, and the numerical results captured the predominate flow physics resulting from the 180 deg bend. The production of Dean vortices and acceleration of the flow in the bend produced strongly increased heat transfer on both the ribbed and unribbed walls in the outlet channel in addition to increases due to the ribs. Numerical simulations were performed for a wide range of divider wall-to-tip wall distances, which influenced the position of the highest heat transfer levels on the outlet walls and changed the shape of the heat transfer distribution on the tip wall. Analysis of section averages of heat transfer in the bend and outlet channel showed a strong influence of the tip wall distance, while no effect was seen upstream of the bend. A similarly large effect on pressure losses in the bend was observed with varying tip wall position. Trends in averaged heat transfer varied linearly with tip wall distance, while pressure losses followed a nonlinear trend, resulting in an optimum tip wall distance with respect to heat transfer efficiency.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051702/1-10]
Titre : Parametric numerical study of flow and heat transfer in microchannels with wavy walls Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gong, Liang, Auteur ; Krishna Kota, Auteur ; Wenquan Tao, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [051702/1-10] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Wavy channels Heat transfer Thermal performance Electronics cooling Laminar fluid flow Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Wavy channels were investigated in this paper as a passive scheme to improve the heat transfer performance of laminar fluid flow as applied to microchannel heat sinks. Parametric study of three-dimensional laminar fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in microsized wavy channels was performed by varying the wavy feature amplitude, wavelength, and aspect ratio for different Reynolds numbers between 50 and 150. Two different types of wavy channels were considered and their thermal performance for a constant heat flux of 47 W/cm2 was compared. Based on the comparison with straight channels, it was found that wavy channels can provide improved overall thermal performance. In addition, it was observed that wavy channels with a configuration in which crests and troughs face each other alternately (serpentine channels) were found to show an edge in thermal performance over the configuration where crests and troughs directly face each other. The best configuration considered in this paper was found to provide an improvement of up to 55% in the overall performance compared to microchannels with straight walls and hence are attractive candidates for cooling of future high heat flux electronics.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...] [article] Parametric numerical study of flow and heat transfer in microchannels with wavy walls [texte imprimé] / Gong, Liang, Auteur ; Krishna Kota, Auteur ; Wenquan Tao, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [051702/1-10].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [051702/1-10]
Mots-clés : Wavy channels Heat transfer Thermal performance Electronics cooling Laminar fluid flow Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Wavy channels were investigated in this paper as a passive scheme to improve the heat transfer performance of laminar fluid flow as applied to microchannel heat sinks. Parametric study of three-dimensional laminar fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics in microsized wavy channels was performed by varying the wavy feature amplitude, wavelength, and aspect ratio for different Reynolds numbers between 50 and 150. Two different types of wavy channels were considered and their thermal performance for a constant heat flux of 47 W/cm2 was compared. Based on the comparison with straight channels, it was found that wavy channels can provide improved overall thermal performance. In addition, it was observed that wavy channels with a configuration in which crests and troughs face each other alternately (serpentine channels) were found to show an edge in thermal performance over the configuration where crests and troughs directly face each other. The best configuration considered in this paper was found to provide an improvement of up to 55% in the overall performance compared to microchannels with straight walls and hence are attractive candidates for cooling of future high heat flux electronics.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&smode=strresults& [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052201/1-10]
Titre : Development of a general dynamic pressure based single-phase spray cooling heat transfer correlation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bahman Abbasi, Auteur ; Jungho Kim, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [052201/1-10] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Spray cooling Single-phase heat transfer Local heat transfer coefficient Local impingement pressure Microheater array Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : One of the main challenges of spray cooling technology is the prediction of local and average heat transfer coefficients on the heater surface. It is hypothesized that the local heat transfer coefficient can be predicted from the local normal pressure produced by the spray. In this study, hollow cone, full cone, and flat fan sprays, operated at three standoff distances, five spray pressures, and two nozzle orientations, were used to identify the relation between the impingement pressure and the heat transfer coefficient in the single-phase regime. PF-5060, PAO-2, and PSF-3 were used as test fluids, resulting in Prandtl number variation between 12 and 76. A microheater array operated at constant temperature was used to measure the local heat flux. A separate test rig was used to make impingement pressure measurements for the same geometry and spray pressure. The heat flux data were then compared with the corresponding impingement pressure data to develop a pressure-based correlation for spray cooling heat transfer. The maximum deviation between the experimental data and prediction was within ±25%.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Development of a general dynamic pressure based single-phase spray cooling heat transfer correlation [texte imprimé] / Bahman Abbasi, Auteur ; Jungho Kim, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [052201/1-10].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052201/1-10]
Mots-clés : Spray cooling Single-phase heat transfer Local heat transfer coefficient Local impingement pressure Microheater array Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : One of the main challenges of spray cooling technology is the prediction of local and average heat transfer coefficients on the heater surface. It is hypothesized that the local heat transfer coefficient can be predicted from the local normal pressure produced by the spray. In this study, hollow cone, full cone, and flat fan sprays, operated at three standoff distances, five spray pressures, and two nozzle orientations, were used to identify the relation between the impingement pressure and the heat transfer coefficient in the single-phase regime. PF-5060, PAO-2, and PSF-3 were used as test fluids, resulting in Prandtl number variation between 12 and 76. A microheater array operated at constant temperature was used to measure the local heat flux. A separate test rig was used to make impingement pressure measurements for the same geometry and spray pressure. The heat flux data were then compared with the corresponding impingement pressure data to develop a pressure-based correlation for spray cooling heat transfer. The maximum deviation between the experimental data and prediction was within ±25%.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052401/1-9]
Titre : Prediction of thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids by local composition theory Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hosseini, S. M., Auteur ; A. Mohebbi, Auteur ; S. Ghader, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [052401/1-9] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nanofluid Convective heat transfer coefficient Thermal conductivity coefficient Viscosity Local composition theory Nonrandom two liquid model Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : In this study, a new method based on the local composition theory has been developed to predict thermal conductivity, convective heat transfer coefficient, and viscosity of nanofluids. The nonrandom two liquid (NRTL) model is used for this purpose. The effects of temperature and particle volume concentration on thermal conductivity, convective heat transfer coefficient, and viscosity are investigated. The adjustable parameters of the NRTL model were obtained by fitting with experimental data. The results of the local composition theory are compared with the experimental data of CuO/water, Al2O3/water, TiO2/water, Cu/water, Au/water, Ni/water, TiO2/ethylene glycol, and Al/ethylene glycol (EG) nanofluids and a good agreement between the theory and the experimental data is observed. The absolute average deviation of the model for thermal conductivity was 1.51% in comparison to 42% in conventional models. This parameter for viscosity and convective heat transfer coefficient were 2.91% and 2.13%, respectively. Moreover, a new equation for calculating convective heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids is proposed and tested.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Prediction of thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids by local composition theory [texte imprimé] / Hosseini, S. M., Auteur ; A. Mohebbi, Auteur ; S. Ghader, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [052401/1-9].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052401/1-9]
Mots-clés : Nanofluid Convective heat transfer coefficient Thermal conductivity coefficient Viscosity Local composition theory Nonrandom two liquid model Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : In this study, a new method based on the local composition theory has been developed to predict thermal conductivity, convective heat transfer coefficient, and viscosity of nanofluids. The nonrandom two liquid (NRTL) model is used for this purpose. The effects of temperature and particle volume concentration on thermal conductivity, convective heat transfer coefficient, and viscosity are investigated. The adjustable parameters of the NRTL model were obtained by fitting with experimental data. The results of the local composition theory are compared with the experimental data of CuO/water, Al2O3/water, TiO2/water, Cu/water, Au/water, Ni/water, TiO2/ethylene glycol, and Al/ethylene glycol (EG) nanofluids and a good agreement between the theory and the experimental data is observed. The absolute average deviation of the model for thermal conductivity was 1.51% in comparison to 42% in conventional models. This parameter for viscosity and convective heat transfer coefficient were 2.91% and 2.13%, respectively. Moreover, a new equation for calculating convective heat transfer coefficient of nanofluids is proposed and tested.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052501/1-7]
Titre : Natural convection in a quadrantal cavity heated and cooled on adjacent walls Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Orhan Aydin, Auteur ; Gurkan Yesiloz, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [052501/1-7] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Natural convection Quadrantal cavity Particle tracing method Singularity Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : In this study, experimental and numerical analyses of natural convection in a quadrantal cavity heated and cooled on adjacent walls have been made to examine heat and fluid flow. Experimental studies involve the use of the particle tracing method that enables us to visualize the flow pattern in the enclosure. Numerical solutions are obtained using a commercial computational fluid dynamics package, FLUENT, using the finite volume method. Water is used as the working fluid. Effects of the Rayleigh number, Ra, on the Nusselt number, Nu, as well as velocity and temperature fields are investigated for the range of Ra from 103 to 107. A new approach is suggested to overcome the singularity at the corner joining the differentially heated isothermal walls when determining Nu. This novel approach is justified through the purely analytical conduction solution. The experimental and numerical results are shown to agree fairly well. Finally, a correlation for Nu is developed.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Natural convection in a quadrantal cavity heated and cooled on adjacent walls [texte imprimé] / Orhan Aydin, Auteur ; Gurkan Yesiloz, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [052501/1-7].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052501/1-7]
Mots-clés : Natural convection Quadrantal cavity Particle tracing method Singularity Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : In this study, experimental and numerical analyses of natural convection in a quadrantal cavity heated and cooled on adjacent walls have been made to examine heat and fluid flow. Experimental studies involve the use of the particle tracing method that enables us to visualize the flow pattern in the enclosure. Numerical solutions are obtained using a commercial computational fluid dynamics package, FLUENT, using the finite volume method. Water is used as the working fluid. Effects of the Rayleigh number, Ra, on the Nusselt number, Nu, as well as velocity and temperature fields are investigated for the range of Ra from 103 to 107. A new approach is suggested to overcome the singularity at the corner joining the differentially heated isothermal walls when determining Nu. This novel approach is justified through the purely analytical conduction solution. The experimental and numerical results are shown to agree fairly well. Finally, a correlation for Nu is developed.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052502/1-8]
Titre : Diffusion-thermo effects on free convective heat and mass transfer flow in a vertical channel with symmetric boundary conditions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Basant K. Jha, Auteur ; Abiodun O. Ajibade, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [052502/1-8] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Free convection Diffusion-thermo Mass flux Vertical channel Symmetric boundary conditions Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : This article investigates the influence of diffusion-thermo effect on transient free convective heat and mass transfer flow in a channel bounded by two infinite vertical parallel plates. Fully developed laminar flow is considered when the boundaries are subjected to symmetric concentration and thermal input. The Dufour effect is taken into consideration. The velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are obtained analytically using the Laplace transforms technique and used to compute the shear stress, Nusselt number, and mass flux. During the course of computation, it was found that transient solution at large time coincides with steady-state solution derived separately. Diffusion-thermo (Dufour effect) is observed to create an anomalous situation in temperature and velocity profiles for small Prandtl numbers. There is also flow reversal for a small Dufour number and negative values of the sustentation parameter (N). At steady-state, there is neither heat nor mass transfer between the fluid and the plates.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Diffusion-thermo effects on free convective heat and mass transfer flow in a vertical channel with symmetric boundary conditions [texte imprimé] / Basant K. Jha, Auteur ; Abiodun O. Ajibade, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [052502/1-8].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052502/1-8]
Mots-clés : Free convection Diffusion-thermo Mass flux Vertical channel Symmetric boundary conditions Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : This article investigates the influence of diffusion-thermo effect on transient free convective heat and mass transfer flow in a channel bounded by two infinite vertical parallel plates. Fully developed laminar flow is considered when the boundaries are subjected to symmetric concentration and thermal input. The Dufour effect is taken into consideration. The velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are obtained analytically using the Laplace transforms technique and used to compute the shear stress, Nusselt number, and mass flux. During the course of computation, it was found that transient solution at large time coincides with steady-state solution derived separately. Diffusion-thermo (Dufour effect) is observed to create an anomalous situation in temperature and velocity profiles for small Prandtl numbers. There is also flow reversal for a small Dufour number and negative values of the sustentation parameter (N). At steady-state, there is neither heat nor mass transfer between the fluid and the plates.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052601/1-7]
Titre : Second law analysis for free convection in non-newtonian fluids over a horizontal plate embedded in a porous medium : prescribed surface temperature Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : W. A. Khan, Auteur ; Rama Subba Reddy Gorla, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [052601/1-7] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Second law Non-Newtonian Horizontal plate Temperature Porous Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Second law characteristics of heat transfer and fluid flow due to free convection of non-Newtonian fluids over a horizontal plate with prescribed surface temperature in a porous medium are analyzed. Velocity and temperature fields are obtained numerically using an implicit finite difference method under the similarity assumption and these results are used to compute the entropy generation rate Ns, irreversibility ratio Phi, and the Bejan number Be for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The effects of viscous frictional parameter G, Rayleigh number Ra, temperature variation lambda, axial distance (x) on the dimensionless entropy generation rate Ns, and the Bejan number Be are investigated for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids and presented graphically.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Second law analysis for free convection in non-newtonian fluids over a horizontal plate embedded in a porous medium : prescribed surface temperature [texte imprimé] / W. A. Khan, Auteur ; Rama Subba Reddy Gorla, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [052601/1-7].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052601/1-7]
Mots-clés : Second law Non-Newtonian Horizontal plate Temperature Porous Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Second law characteristics of heat transfer and fluid flow due to free convection of non-Newtonian fluids over a horizontal plate with prescribed surface temperature in a porous medium are analyzed. Velocity and temperature fields are obtained numerically using an implicit finite difference method under the similarity assumption and these results are used to compute the entropy generation rate Ns, irreversibility ratio Phi, and the Bejan number Be for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The effects of viscous frictional parameter G, Rayleigh number Ra, temperature variation lambda, axial distance (x) on the dimensionless entropy generation rate Ns, and the Bejan number Be are investigated for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids and presented graphically.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052602/1-12]
Titre : Transient aspects of heat flux bifurcation in porous media : an exact solution Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kun Yang, Auteur ; Kambiz Vafai, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [052602/1-12] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Porous media Heat flux bifurcation Transeint heat transfer Local thermal nonequilibrium Analytical solution Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : The transient thermal response of a packed bed is investigated analytically. A local thermal nonequilibrium model is used to represent the energy transport within the porous medium. The heat flux bifurcation phenomenon in porous media is investigated for temporal conditions and two primary types of heat flux bifurcations in porous media are established. Exact solutions are derived for both the fluid and solid temperature distributions for the constant temperature boundary condition. The fluid, solid, and total Nusselt numbers during transient process are analyzed. A heat exchange ratio is introduced to estimate the influence of interactions between the solid and fluid phases through thermal conduction at the wall within the heat flux bifurcation region. A region where the heat transfer can be described without considering the convection contribution in the fluid phase is found. The two-dimensional thermal behavior for the solid and fluid phases is also analyzed. The temporal temperature differential between the solid and fluid is investigated to determine the domain over which the local thermal equilibrium model is valid. In addition, the characteristic time for reaching steady state conditions is evaluated.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Transient aspects of heat flux bifurcation in porous media : an exact solution [texte imprimé] / Kun Yang, Auteur ; Kambiz Vafai, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [052602/1-12].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052602/1-12]
Mots-clés : Porous media Heat flux bifurcation Transeint heat transfer Local thermal nonequilibrium Analytical solution Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : The transient thermal response of a packed bed is investigated analytically. A local thermal nonequilibrium model is used to represent the energy transport within the porous medium. The heat flux bifurcation phenomenon in porous media is investigated for temporal conditions and two primary types of heat flux bifurcations in porous media are established. Exact solutions are derived for both the fluid and solid temperature distributions for the constant temperature boundary condition. The fluid, solid, and total Nusselt numbers during transient process are analyzed. A heat exchange ratio is introduced to estimate the influence of interactions between the solid and fluid phases through thermal conduction at the wall within the heat flux bifurcation region. A region where the heat transfer can be described without considering the convection contribution in the fluid phase is found. The two-dimensional thermal behavior for the solid and fluid phases is also analyzed. The temporal temperature differential between the solid and fluid is investigated to determine the domain over which the local thermal equilibrium model is valid. In addition, the characteristic time for reaching steady state conditions is evaluated.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052901/1-5]
Titre : Visualization of two-phase flows in nanofluid oscillating heat pipes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qi-Ming Li, Auteur ; Jiang Zou, Auteur ; Zhen Yang, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [052901/1-5] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nanofluid Oscillating heat pipe Two-phase flow Thermal resistance Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Two-phase flows in an oscillating heat pipe (OHP) charged with deionized (DI) water and a nanofluid (0.268% v/v) were experimentally investigated. The OHP was made of quartz glass tube (with an inner diameter of 3.53 mm and an outer diameter of 5.38 mm) and coated with a transparent heating film in its evaporating section. The internal two-phase flows at different heat loads were recorded by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. Only column flow was observed in the DI water OHP while in the nanofluid OHP the flow first was column, then slug and annular flows as the heat load was steadily increased. Heat transfer in the OHP was strongly related to the two-phase regime. The flow regime transitions effectively increased the operating allowable heat loads in the nanofluid OHP two- to threefold relative to the DI water OHP. The nanofluid OHP had a much lower thermal resistance than the DI water OHP with the most effective heat transfer in the nanofluid OHP occurring in the slug flow regime.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Visualization of two-phase flows in nanofluid oscillating heat pipes [texte imprimé] / Qi-Ming Li, Auteur ; Jiang Zou, Auteur ; Zhen Yang, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [052901/1-5].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052901/1-5]
Mots-clés : Nanofluid Oscillating heat pipe Two-phase flow Thermal resistance Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Two-phase flows in an oscillating heat pipe (OHP) charged with deionized (DI) water and a nanofluid (0.268% v/v) were experimentally investigated. The OHP was made of quartz glass tube (with an inner diameter of 3.53 mm and an outer diameter of 5.38 mm) and coated with a transparent heating film in its evaporating section. The internal two-phase flows at different heat loads were recorded by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. Only column flow was observed in the DI water OHP while in the nanofluid OHP the flow first was column, then slug and annular flows as the heat load was steadily increased. Heat transfer in the OHP was strongly related to the two-phase regime. The flow regime transitions effectively increased the operating allowable heat loads in the nanofluid OHP two- to threefold relative to the DI water OHP. The nanofluid OHP had a much lower thermal resistance than the DI water OHP with the most effective heat transfer in the nanofluid OHP occurring in the slug flow regime.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052902/1-9]
Titre : Pool boiling heat transfer and bubble dynamics over plain and enhanced microchannels Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dwight Cooke, Auteur ; Satish G. Kandlikar, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [052902/1-9] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pool boiling Heat transfer enhancement Microchannels Grooves Bubble dynamics Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Pool boiling is of interest in high heat flux applications because of its potential for removing large amount of heat resulting from the latent heat of evaporation and little pressure drop penalty for circulating coolant through the system. However, the heat transfer performance of pool boiling systems is not adequate to match the cooling ability provided by enhanced microchannels operating under single-phase conditions. The objective of this work is to evaluate the pool boiling performance of structured surface features etched on a silicon chip. The performance is normalized with respect to a plain chip. This investigation also focuses on the bubble dynamics on plain and structured microchannel surfaces under various heat fluxes in an effort to understand the underlying heat transfer mechanism. It was determined that surface modifications to silicon chips can improve the heat transfer coefficient by a factor up to 3.4 times the performance of a plain chip. Surfaces with microchannels have shown to be efficient for boiling heat transfer by allowing liquid to flow through the open channels and wet the heat transfer surface while vapor is generated. This work is expected to lead to improved enhancement features for extending the pool boiling option to meet the high heat flux removal demands in electronic cooling applications.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Pool boiling heat transfer and bubble dynamics over plain and enhanced microchannels [texte imprimé] / Dwight Cooke, Auteur ; Satish G. Kandlikar, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [052902/1-9].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [052902/1-9]
Mots-clés : Pool boiling Heat transfer enhancement Microchannels Grooves Bubble dynamics Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : Pool boiling is of interest in high heat flux applications because of its potential for removing large amount of heat resulting from the latent heat of evaporation and little pressure drop penalty for circulating coolant through the system. However, the heat transfer performance of pool boiling systems is not adequate to match the cooling ability provided by enhanced microchannels operating under single-phase conditions. The objective of this work is to evaluate the pool boiling performance of structured surface features etched on a silicon chip. The performance is normalized with respect to a plain chip. This investigation also focuses on the bubble dynamics on plain and structured microchannel surfaces under various heat fluxes in an effort to understand the underlying heat transfer mechanism. It was determined that surface modifications to silicon chips can improve the heat transfer coefficient by a factor up to 3.4 times the performance of a plain chip. Surfaces with microchannels have shown to be efficient for boiling heat transfer by allowing liquid to flow through the open channels and wet the heat transfer surface while vapor is generated. This work is expected to lead to improved enhancement features for extending the pool boiling option to meet the high heat flux removal demands in electronic cooling applications.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054501/1-5]
Titre : Flow and heat transfer over a continuously moving flat plate in a porous medium Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : W. A. Khan, Auteur ; I. Pop, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [054501/1-5] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Boundary layers External flows Flow through porous media Forced convection heat radiation Partial differential equations Plates (structures) Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : The effects of the presence of an isotropic solid matrix and radiation on the forced convection boundary layer past a continuously moving flat plate is studied theoretically. The transformed nondimensional partial differential equations are solved numerically for some values of the governing parameters using the local nonsimilarity method. The effects of the governing parameters on both flow and heat transfer characteristics are graphed and tabulated. An interesting result of the analysis is that as the value of the radiation parameter k0 increases, a decrease in the thermal radiation's effect occurs.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Flow and heat transfer over a continuously moving flat plate in a porous medium [texte imprimé] / W. A. Khan, Auteur ; I. Pop, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [054501/1-5].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054501/1-5]
Mots-clés : Boundary layers External flows Flow through porous media Forced convection heat radiation Partial differential equations Plates (structures) Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : The effects of the presence of an isotropic solid matrix and radiation on the forced convection boundary layer past a continuously moving flat plate is studied theoretically. The transformed nondimensional partial differential equations are solved numerically for some values of the governing parameters using the local nonsimilarity method. The effects of the governing parameters on both flow and heat transfer characteristics are graphed and tabulated. An interesting result of the analysis is that as the value of the radiation parameter k0 increases, a decrease in the thermal radiation's effect occurs.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054502/1-4]
Titre : Mineral fouling control by underwater plasma discharge in a heat exchanger Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yang, Yong, Auteur ; Hyoungsup Kim, Auteur ; Alexander Fridman, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [054502/1-4] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Physical water treatment Plasma Heat exchanger Mineral fouling Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : The excessive mineral contents in water circulation systems could cause severe fouling in heat transfer equipment. The present study investigated the effect of underwater pulsed spark discharges on the mitigation of mineral fouling in a concentric counterflow heat exchanger. Artificial hard water with calcium carbonate hardness of 250 mg/L was used with velocity ranging from 0.1 m/s to 0.5 m/s and zero blowdown. Fouling resistances decreased by 50–72% for the plasma treated cases compared with the values for no-treatment cases, indicating that the pulsed spark discharge could significantly mitigate the mineral fouling on the heat exchanger surface.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Mineral fouling control by underwater plasma discharge in a heat exchanger [texte imprimé] / Yang, Yong, Auteur ; Hyoungsup Kim, Auteur ; Alexander Fridman, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [054502/1-4].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054502/1-4]
Mots-clés : Physical water treatment Plasma Heat exchanger Mineral fouling Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : The excessive mineral contents in water circulation systems could cause severe fouling in heat transfer equipment. The present study investigated the effect of underwater pulsed spark discharges on the mitigation of mineral fouling in a concentric counterflow heat exchanger. Artificial hard water with calcium carbonate hardness of 250 mg/L was used with velocity ranging from 0.1 m/s to 0.5 m/s and zero blowdown. Fouling resistances decreased by 50–72% for the plasma treated cases compared with the values for no-treatment cases, indicating that the pulsed spark discharge could significantly mitigate the mineral fouling on the heat exchanger surface.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054503/1-4]
Titre : Forced convection boundary layer flow past nonisothermal thin needles in nanofluids Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Grosan, Auteur ; I. Pop, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [054503/1-4] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Needle Forced convection Boundary layer Nanofluid Numerical solution Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : The classical problem of forced convection boundary layer flow and heat transfer past a needle with variable wall temperature using nanofluids is theoretically studied. The similarity equations are solved numerically for two types of metallic or nonmetallic, such as copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles in the based fluid of water with the Prandtl number Pr=7 to investigate the effect of the solid volume fraction parameter phi of the fluid and heat transfer characteristics. The skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and the velocity and temperature profiles are presented and discussed. It is found that the solid volume fraction affects the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Forced convection boundary layer flow past nonisothermal thin needles in nanofluids [texte imprimé] / T. Grosan, Auteur ; I. Pop, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [054503/1-4].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054503/1-4]
Mots-clés : Needle Forced convection Boundary layer Nanofluid Numerical solution Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : The classical problem of forced convection boundary layer flow and heat transfer past a needle with variable wall temperature using nanofluids is theoretically studied. The similarity equations are solved numerically for two types of metallic or nonmetallic, such as copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles in the based fluid of water with the Prandtl number Pr=7 to investigate the effect of the solid volume fraction parameter phi of the fluid and heat transfer characteristics. The skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and the velocity and temperature profiles are presented and discussed. It is found that the solid volume fraction affects the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054504/1-5]
Titre : Evaluation of compact and effective air-cooled carbon foam heat sink Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : W. Wu, Auteur ; J. H. Du, Auteur ; Y. R. Lin, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [054504/1-5] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Carbon foam Thermal management Electronics cooling Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : This study investigates a V-shaped corrugated carbon foam heat sink for thermal management of electronics with forced air convection. Experiments were conducted to determine the heat sink performance in terms of heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. The test section, with overall dimensions of 51 mm L×51 mm W×19 mm H, enabled up to 166 W of heat dissipation, and 3280 W/m2 K and 2210 W/m2 K heat transfer coefficients, based on log mean and air inlet temperatures, respectively, at 7.8 m/s air flow speed, and 1320 Pa pressure loss. Compared to a solid carbon foam, the V-shaped corrugated structure enhances the heat transfer, and at the same time reduces the flow resistance. Physical mechanisms underlying the observed phenomena are briefly explained. With benefits that potentially can reduce overall weight, volume, and cost of the air-cooled electronics, the present V-shaped corrugated carbon foam emerges as an alternative heat sink.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] Evaluation of compact and effective air-cooled carbon foam heat sink [texte imprimé] / W. Wu, Auteur ; J. H. Du, Auteur ; Y. R. Lin, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [054504/1-5].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054504/1-5]
Mots-clés : Carbon foam Thermal management Electronics cooling Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : This study investigates a V-shaped corrugated carbon foam heat sink for thermal management of electronics with forced air convection. Experiments were conducted to determine the heat sink performance in terms of heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. The test section, with overall dimensions of 51 mm L×51 mm W×19 mm H, enabled up to 166 W of heat dissipation, and 3280 W/m2 K and 2210 W/m2 K heat transfer coefficients, based on log mean and air inlet temperatures, respectively, at 7.8 m/s air flow speed, and 1320 Pa pressure loss. Compared to a solid carbon foam, the V-shaped corrugated structure enhances the heat transfer, and at the same time reduces the flow resistance. Physical mechanisms underlying the observed phenomena are briefly explained. With benefits that potentially can reduce overall weight, volume, and cost of the air-cooled electronics, the present V-shaped corrugated carbon foam emerges as an alternative heat sink.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054505/1-4]
Titre : On the generalized Brinkman number definition and its importance for Bingham fluids Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P. M. Coelho, Auteur ; J. C. Faria, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. [054505/1-4] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Bingham fluid Viscous dissipation Convective heat transfer Generalized Brinkman number Duct flows Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : In this technical note we discuss the importance of using a generalized Brinkman number definition for laminar pipe flow of a Bingham fluid, when viscous dissipation effects are relevant. We show that adapting the Brinkman number definition commonly used for Newtonian fluids directly to the more general class of non-Newtonian fluids does not calculate correctly the ratio between heat generated by viscous dissipation and heat transfer at the wall and leads to a distortion of the graphical representation of the Nusselt number, Nu, rendering difficult, if not impossible, the comparisons of the Nu behavior between different Brinkman numbers. The use of the proposed generalized Brinkman number removes these problems and simultaneously it has the merit of being independent of any reference apparent viscosities.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...] [article] On the generalized Brinkman number definition and its importance for Bingham fluids [texte imprimé] / P. M. Coelho, Auteur ; J. C. Faria, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. [054505/1-4].
Physique
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 5 (Mai 2011) . - pp. [054505/1-4]
Mots-clés : Bingham fluid Viscous dissipation Convective heat transfer Generalized Brinkman number Duct flows Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : In this technical note we discuss the importance of using a generalized Brinkman number definition for laminar pipe flow of a Bingham fluid, when viscous dissipation effects are relevant. We show that adapting the Brinkman number definition commonly used for Newtonian fluids directly to the more general class of non-Newtonian fluids does not calculate correctly the ratio between heat generated by viscous dissipation and heat transfer at the wall and leads to a distortion of the graphical representation of the Nusselt number, Nu, rendering difficult, if not impossible, the comparisons of the Nu behavior between different Brinkman numbers. The use of the proposed generalized Brinkman number removes these problems and simultaneously it has the merit of being independent of any reference apparent viscosities.
DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/vsearch/servlet/VerityServlet?KEY=JHTRAO&ONLINE=YES&smode= [...]
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