Catalogue en ligne Bibliothèque Ecole Nationale Polytechnique d'Alger

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8384-8388

Titre :	Promoted soot oxidation by doped K2Ti2O5 catalysts and NO oxidation catalysts
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Qiang Wang, Auteur ; Jong Shik Chung, Auteur ; Zhanhu Guo, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8384-8388
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Catalyst Oxidation Soot
Résumé :	In the present work, the promotion effects by doping metals on K2Ti2O5 or by combining an additional NO oxidation catalyst are studied in detail for soot oxidation. The synthesized catalysts are characterized by X-ray diffraction. The promoting effects of NO and NO2 on soot oxidation were examined on both K2Ti2O5 and metal-doped K2Ti2O5 catalysts. With pure K2Ti2O5 catalyst, NO has a negligible promotion effect, because of the fact that K2Ti2O5, different from Pt catalysts, is unable to oxidize NO to NO2. Compared to the pure K2Ti2O5 catalyst, all the doped metals somehow enhance soot oxidation by decreasing the peak temperature (Tp). The activity follows the order of Pt/K2Ti2O5 (324 °C) > Co/K2Ti2O5 (331 °C) = Cu/K2Ti2O5 (331 °C) > Ce/ K2Ti2O5 (335 °C) > K2Ti2O5 (352 °C). With NO2, soot starts to be oxidized at temperatures as low as 250 °C, even with pure K2Ti2O5. When K2Ti2OS is combined with a NO oxidation catalyst (Co/KxTi2O5), both the starting temperature (T,) and Tp were greatly decreased, from 295 °C to 240 °C and from 352 °C to 326 °C, respectively. Therefore, the combination of K2Ti2O5 with a NO oxidation catalyst can enhance the soot oxidation activity significantly.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332167

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8379-8383

Titre :	Synthesis of β-Amino alcohols from terminal epoxy fatty acid methyl ester
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Raman Kamboj, Auteur ; Avinash Bhadani, Auteur ; Sukhprit Singh, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8379-8383
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Fatty Acid
Résumé :	Fats and oils are renewable feedstock that can be treated chemically or enzymatically to derive materials that often act as a replacement for petroleum-derived materials. Long-chain fatty epoxides can be transformed to several chemical derivatives. There has been increasing interest in using these substances as intermediates in the production of new biobased industrial materials. In the present work, renewable methyl 10,1 1-epoxyundecanoate were reacted with various cyclic, aliphatic, and aromatic amines in the presence of zinc(II) perchlorate hexahydrate as a Lewis acid catalyst under solvent-free conditions, to derive several new β-amino alcohols in a regioselective manner.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2005077

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8376-8378

Titre :	A Novel method of quantitative carbon dioxide for synthesizing magnesium oleate (linoleate, isostearate, and sulfonate) detergents
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Yonglei Wang, Auteur ; Xamxikamar Mamat, Auteur ; Zhenhong He, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8376-8378
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Carbon dioxide
Résumé :	In order to improve the utilization efficiency of carbon dioxide and calculate the amount of carbon dioxide better, a series of magnesium salt detergents (including magnesium oleate, magnesium linoleate, magnesium isostearate and magnesium sulfonate) was synthesized using a novel method of quantitative carbon dioxide, and this method has the potential for synthesizing more organic acid magnesium salt detergents.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332165

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8371-8375

Titre :	Application of a GaPO4 crystal microbalance for the detection of coke formation in high-temperature reactors and solid oxide fuel cells
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Jason Millichamp, Auteur ; Ebrahim Ali, Auteur ; Nigel P. Brandon, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8371-8375
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Solid oxide fuel cell Reactor Coke deposition
Résumé :	Piezoelectric crystal microbalance devices based on gallium orthophosphate (GaPO4) have recently become commercially available. This material allows for operation at over 900 °C and therefore has potential as an analytical technique for the study of surface reactions at high temperatures. This paper describes preliminary work to assess the suitability of this technology for such applications. Change in oscillation frequency associated with temperature and gaseous environment is studied, and the ability to detect coke formation on a Ni-modified crystal is demonstrated. These results suggest that the technology can be developed as a low cost, high sensitivity gravimetric sensor for monitoring surface processes in high temperature chemical reactors such as reformers and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332164

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8361-8370

Titre :	Rigorous model for the simulation of gas adsorption and Its verification
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	W.B. Li, Auteur ; B.T. Liu, Auteur ; K.T. Yu, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8361-8370
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Adsorption Modeling
Résumé :	A rigorous model containing conservation equations of momentum, energy, and mass, with their k-ε, t2̄-εt, and newly developed c2̄-εc closing formulations was proposed for simulating the gas-solid adsorption process. The feature of the proposed model is that the unknown turbulent mass-transfer diffusivity Dt need not be estimated in advance. With this model, the breakthrough, regeneration, and temperature curves, as well as the Dt, were simulated for the methylene chloride adsorption and regeneration processes. The simulated results were closely checked by the published data. It was found that the D, was unevenly distributed in the axial and radial directions, which means that the Schmidt number or Peclet number is varying throughout the adsorption column and cannot be simply represented by a constant or a simple formula. The simulated results on axial and radial concentration distributions along the column at different time are helpful to understand the process dynamics. The proposed model is especially useful for simulating the adsorption process where the turbulent mass-transfer diffusivity is unavailable.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332163

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8354-8360

Titre :	Temperature dependent solubility of α-form L-glutamic acid in selected organic solvents : measurements and thermodynamic modeling
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Bingwen Long, Auteur ; Jing Li, Auteur ; Yuhong Song, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8354-8360
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Modeling Organic solvent Solubility
Résumé :	In this study the solubility of α-form L-glutamic acid in the six organic solvents methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, acetone, formic acid, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was measured by a static analytic method. The measurements were carried out over the temperature range 278-355 K at around 5 K intervals, and the equilibrium concentration was determined by the gravimetric method. The experimental results show that formic acid has the highest solubility to α-form L-glutamic acid while the other solvents have the solubility order water, acetone, 1-propanol, ethanol, methanol, DMSO, and acetic acid. The hypothetical enthalpy of fusion and melting temperature of L-glutamic acid are estimated. Several commonly used thermodynamic models, including the empirical van't Hoff equation and the Wilson, NRTL, and UNIQUAC equations, were applied to correlate the experimental solubility data. The binary interaction parameters of the above models are found to have a linear dependency on temperature, and the coefficients were regressed. It was found that all these models can satisfactorily reproduce the experimental solubility and the UNIQUAC equation can provide the best correlation results with an overall standard deviation of 2.7 x 10-5.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332162

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8344-8353

Titre :	Rheological properties of CO2 hydrate slurry flow in the presence of additives
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Anthony Delahaye, Auteur ; Laurence Fournaison, Auteur ; Salem Jerbi, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8344-8353
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Additive Particle suspension Multiphase flow Carbon dioxide Rheological properties
Résumé :	This work investigates the flow properties of CO2 hydrate slurry in dynamic loop in the presence of additives (surfactants, antiagglomerants) for use as two-phase secondary refrigerant. To be considered as suitable for refrigeration systems, the use of hydrate slurries must overcome instability phenomena such as hydrate particle agglomeration. The additives were employed in the present work to prevent this phenomena, and thus to improve the stability and the homogeneity of the fluid. A multicriterion approach was used to select additive and to define the optimal operating conditions for its use. The selected additive was an EO/PO block copolymer. The flow properties of CO2 hydrate slurry in aqueous media in the presence of this additive were then measured in an experimental loop. It was possible to model the rheological behavior of the CO2 hydrate slurry in the presence of EO/PO block copolymer by an Newtonian-type equation. The present results were compared to previous results obtained without additive. This article provides new information on CO2-hydrate slurry rheology, which is important not only in the development of hydrate-based refrigeration systems, but also in the field of flow assurance in oil and gas pipelines or for other applications such as gas purification and storage processes using clathrate hydrates.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332161

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8340-8343

Titre :	The Effect of sodium borohydride on alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone pulping of pine (pinus pinea) wood
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Esat Gumuskaya, Auteur ; Emir Erisir, Auteur ; Huseyin Kirci, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8340-8343
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Wood Paper industry Pulping
Résumé :	The improvements of adding sodium borohyride to the alkali sulfite-anthraquninone (AS-AQ) pulping process on properties of pulp and paper sheets was investigated. These properties were compared to those of the AS-AQ and the ethanol addition to AS-AQ(ASAE) pulping processes. The screened yield increased with alkali sulfite-antraquinone-sodium borohyride (ASAB) pulping process and kappa number decreased with respect to the AS-AQprocess. Tensile and burst index of paper sheets improved with the ASAB pulping process, and the tear index for the ASAB pulping process was slightly decreased compared to that of the AS-AQ and ASAE pulping processes. It was determined that whiteness and brightness of papersheets decreased by adding sodium borohyride to the AS-AQpulping process, whereas the opacity of papersheets did not change clearly compared to AS-AQ and ASAE pulping processes.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332160

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8333-8339

Titre :	CO2 Fixation in Ca2+-/Mg2+-rich aqueous solutions through enhanced carbonate precipitation
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Wenlong Wang, Auteur ; Mingqiang Hu, Auteur ; Yanli Zheng, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8333-8339
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Aqueous solution Carbon dioxide
Résumé :	In this work, the possibility of achieving fixation of CO2 using Ca and Mg ions was tested and verified Concentrated seawater from desalination plants, subsurface brines, industrial effluents with high hardness, and/or natural seawaters that are rich in Ca2+ and Mg2+ could all be potential aqueous sources. Theoretical analyses indicated that the carbonation reaction could be enhanced by raising the pH or the CO2 partial pressure. Experiments using synthesized seawater confirmed this possibility. Over 90% of the Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions in the seawater could be converted by precipitation in the forms of MgCO3 and dolomite [MgCa(CO3)2], and the kinetics of the process was found to be quite acceptable. It was found that 1 m3 of natural seawater could fix about 1.34 m3 or 2.65 kg of CO2 (gas volume, standard conditions), and the potential of concentrated seawater is 2-3 times this value. Even if the annual CO2 emissions of the entire world were captured in this way, the concentration of Ca2+/Mg2+ in natural seawater would change at only the part-per-million scale, such that the ecological effects could be negligible. This idea has great potential for application. It might be able to realize not only the permanent fixation of CO2 but also the production of large amounts of carbonate byproducts.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332159

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8323-8332

Titre :	Microscopic structure, interaction, and properties of a guanidinium-based ionic liquid and its mixture with CO2
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Xiaochun Zhang, Auteur ; Xiaomin Liu, Auteur ; Xiaoqian Yao, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8323-8332
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Carbon dioxide Ionic liquid
Résumé :	Recently, the guanidinium-based ionic liquid N,N,N',N',N"-pentamethyl-N"-propylguanidinium tetrafluoroborate ([ppg] [BF4]) was found to be able to effectively absorb CO2 (Amitesh, M. ChemSusChem 2009, 2, 628). In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and ab initio calculations were performed to investigate the microscopic structure, interactions, and properties of pure ionic liquid [ppg][BF4] and mixtures of [ppg][BF4] (1) and CO2 (2) at x2 = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.6. C-H···F hydrogen bonds were found to exist between [ppg] cations and [BF4] anions by ab initio calculations. However, the H···F coordination numbers suggest that the H···F interaction decreases slightly with increasing CO2 concentration. CO2 molecules were found to be primarily distributed around the anions, as seen from the CO2-cation and CO2-anion radial distribution functions (RDFs) calculated from molecular dynamic simulations. The cation-anion and anion-anion structures were not perturbed even with addition of CO2 up to 0.6 mol fraction, whereas the cation-anion and anion-anion interactions decreased with increasing CO2 concentration. The volume expansion and diffusion of [ppg][BF4] increased with increasing CO2 concentration. In addition, according to the results of RDFs and spatial distribution functions, the distribution areas of CO2 molecules and [ppg] cations around [BF4] anions were found to be nearly complementary.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332158

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8314-8322

Titre :	Modeling of solid-liquid equilibrium for the [HAE]Cl-MgCl2-H2O system
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Junfeng Wang, Auteur ; Shunping Sun, Auteur ; Zhibao Li, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8314-8322
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Phase equilibrium Liquid solid equilibrium Modeling
Résumé :	The study of the solid-liquid phase equilibrium for the [HAE]Cl-MgCl2-H2O system is of significance for the preparation of anhydrous magnesium chloride using the thermal decomposition of the complex ([HAE]Cl·MgCl2·6H2O), which is synthesized by the reaction of aniline hydrochloride ([HAE]Cl) and bischofite (MgCl2·6H2O). In this study, a rigorous and thermodynamically consistent representation for the [HAE]Cl-MgCl2-H2O system was developed on the basis of the electrolyte nonrandom two-liquid (ENRTL) activity coefficient model embedded in Aspen Plus. The solubility of [HAE]Cl in water and magnesium chloride solutions over the temperature range from 277 to 370 K was measured by use of the dynamic method. With the equilibrium constant of [HAE]Cl obtained using experimental solubility of [HAE]Cl in water and the phase equilibrium equation, the new ENRTL parameters were obtained by regressing the solubility data for the two binary systems [HAE]Cl-H2O and MgCl2-H2O and the one ternary system [HAE]Cl-MgCl2-H2O at MgCl2 concentrations of 0.51 and 2.17 mol·kg-1. These obtained parameters could accurately predict the solubility for the ternary [HAE]Cl-MgCl2-H2O system at MgCl2 concentrations of 1.05, 1.56, 2.72, 3.21, 3.87, 4.32, and 5.05 mol·kg-1. The values at multiple saturated points at 298.15 and 323.15 K were accurately predicted with help of the newly developed model. The behavior of the ternary [HAE]Cl-MgCl2-H2O system at the two temperatures are successfully visualized with lucidity on an equilateral triangle. All of these will provide a thennodynamic basis for the preparation of the [ HAE] Cl·MgCl2·6H2O complex.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332157

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8304-8313

Titre :	Use of predictive solubility models for isothermal antisolvent crystallization modeling and optimization
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	David J. Widenski, Auteur ; Ali Abbas, Auteur ; Jose A. Romagnoli, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8304-8313
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Optimization Crystallization Modeling Solubility
Résumé :	Predictive solubility models can be of great use for crystallization modeling and optimization, and can decrease the amount of experimental effort needed to create a robust crystallization model. In this study, predictive solubility models such as MOSCED, UNIFAC, NRTL-SAC, and the Jouyban-Acree model are compared against an empirical model for predicted solubility accuracy. The best models are subsequently compared against the empirical model for the antisolvent crystallization of acetaminophen in acetone, using water as the antisolvent. The effects of these solubility models on the predicted relative supersaturation, volume mean size, volume-percent crystal size distribution (CSD), and generated optimal antisolvent feed profiles are investigated. It was found that, for this system, only the NRTL-SAC and Jouyban-Acree solubility models were accurate enough to predict crystallization mean size and crystal size distributions. The Jouyban-Acree and NRTL-SAC solubility models respectively predicted end-volume mean-size differences up to 13% and 29% from the empirical model. When used to create optimal antisolvent feed profiles, the Jouyban-Acree and NRTL-SAC profiles produced results that varied up to 32% and 60%, respectively, from the desired objective. None of the predictive solubility models was accurate enough for the creation of optimal antisolvent feed profiles.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332156

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8295-8303

Titre :	Effects of pore-forming agents and polymer composition on the properties of novel poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate sulfate-co-N,N-dimethylacrylamide) hydrogels
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Gulten Gurdag, Auteur ; Aysegul Gokalp, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8295-8303
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Polymer composition Novel poly
Résumé :	Homopolymer of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate sulfate (DMAEMASA) and its copolymer with N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAm) [P(DMAEMASA-co-DMAm)] were synthesized in the presence and absence ofpore-forming agents NaHCO3, poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 (PEG), and sucrose (SUC). The polymers were characterized by equilibrium swelling measurements (ESVs) in distilled water (20-60 °C) and buffer solutions (I=0.1 M, pH=2.2-10.0,20 °C), FTIR, DSC, and SEM methods. The presence of DMAm in monomer feed and the use of pore-forming agents during the polymerization enhanced the swelling of polymers. ESVs of both porous and nonporous PDMAEMASA and P(DMAEMASA-co-DMAm) gels decreased with pH, and displayed a phase transition at pH = 5. Among the pore-formers, NaHCO3 made the highest contribution to the swelling of polymers, but poly(ethylene glycol) and sucrose slightly affected the swelling values of gels. While glass transition temperature (Tg) of nonporous DMAEMASA homopolymer was determined to be 168.4 °C, Tgs of nonporous copolymer with 20- and 40-mol % DMAm were found to be 154.5 and 147.8 °C, respectively. Pore-formers decreased the Tg of homopolymer in the order NaHCO3 < PEG < SUC. In case of copolymers, NaHCO3 and PEG had nearly no effect on Tgs, but sucrose led to approximately 7 °C decrease in Tgs of copolymers.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332155

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8285-8294

Titre :	Experimental study on evaporation characteristics of ammonium formate—urea—water solution droplet for selective catalytic reduction applications
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Seung Yeol Lee, Auteur ; Seung Wook Baek, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8285-8294
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Selective catalytic reduction Droplet Evaporation
Résumé :	The evaporation behavior of ammonium formate-urea-water solution (AFUWS) droplet was studied for applications to selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems. A number of experiments were performed with single AFUWS droplet suspended on the tip of a fine quartz fiber. To cover the temperature range of real diesel exhausts, droplet ambient temperature was regulated from 373 to 873 K using an electrical furnace. As a result of this investigation, AFUWS droplet revealed different evaporation characteristics depending on its ambient temperature. As ambient temperature increases, in addition to evaporation of water content, thermal decompositions of ammonium formate and urea were additionally observed. At high temperatures, it showed quite complicated behaviors such as bubble formation, distortion, and partial rupture after a linear D -law period. However, as temperature decreases, these phenomena became weak and finally disappeared. Also, droplet evaporation coefficients were retrieved from transient evaporation histories for various ambient temperatures, which yield a quantitative evaluation on evaporation characteristics of AFUWS droplet as well as provide valuable empirical data required for modeling or simulation works on SCR systems.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	088-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332154

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8278–8284

Titre :	Study on simultaneous removal of NOx and SO2 with NaClO2 in a novel swirl wet system
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Amin Pourmohammadbagher, Auteur ; Esmaeel Jamshidi, Auteur ; Habib Ale-Ebrahim, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8278–8284
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	NOx Novel swirl wet system
Résumé :	This work attempts to utilize sodium chlorite to clean up NOx and SO2 gases simultaneously from flue gas in a novel swirl scrubber system. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of various operating parameters such as initial SO2 concentration, scrubbing medium pH, sodium chlorite concentration, and liquid and gas volumetric flow rates at 35 °C. In addition, reaction mechanisms of simultaneous denitrification and desulfurization using sodium chlorite in acidic and basic solutions are proposed. Complete oxidation of NO into NO2 occurred using 0.2 M sodium chlorite solution as the scrubbing medium. Complete (100%) SO2 and 81% NOx removal efficiencies were achieved under optimized conditions. The NOx removal increased with decreasing pH. Input SO2 enhanced the NOx absorption. The effect of the SO2 concentration on NOx removal was more intense at higher pH values. Using sodium chlorite as the scrubbing medium in the novel swirl scrubber was found to be quite promising for the simultaneous removal of NOx and SO2.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie102272x

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8272-8277

Titre :	Development of corrosion control document database system in crude distillation unit
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Junghwan Kim, Auteur ; Wonsub Lim, Auteur ; Younghee Lee, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8272-8277
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Distillation Database Corrosion
Résumé :	This study focuses on the techniques of improving refinery reliability, profitability, and availability. In this study, a corrosion control document (CCD) knowledge base system in crude oil distillation unit process is developed. CCD consists of numerous parts namely damage mechanisms (DM), design data, critical reliability variables (CRV), guidelines, etc. To develop CCD, first off, a material selection diagrams (MSD) is drawn. The DM of each process effecting equipments that are based on American Petroleum Institute 571 should be chosen. Operating variables affecting severity of DM are selected in the beginning stage of CRV. Finally, guidelines are provided for the reliability of equipments.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332152

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 808-812

Titre :	Study on dissociation behaviors of methane hydrate in porous media based on experiments and fractional dimension shrinking-core model
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Xiao-Sen Li, Auteur ; Yu Zhang, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 808-812
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	hydrate fractal theory porous media dissociation
Résumé :	The dissociation process of gas hydrate was regarded as a gas-solid reaction without solid production layer when the temperature was above the zero centigrade. Based on the shrinking core model and the fractal theory, a fractional dimension dynamical model for gas hydrate dissociation in porous sediment was established. The new approach of evaluating the fractal dimension of the porous media was also presented. The fractional dimension dynamical model for gas hydrate dissociation was examined with the previous experimental data of methane hydrate and carbon dioxide hydrate dissociations, respectively. The calculated results indicate that the fractal dimensions of porous media acquired with this method agree well with the previous study. With the absolute average deviation (AAD) below 10%, the present model provided satisfactory predictions for the dissociation process of methane hydrate and carbon dioxide hydrate.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=21773523

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8245-8262

Titre :	New excess gibbs energy equation for modeling the thermodynamic and transport properties of polymer solutions and nanofluids at different temperatures
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Mohammed Taghi Zafarani-Moattar, Auteur ; Roghayeh Majdan-Cegincara, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8245-8262
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Polymer solutions Transport properties Modeling
Résumé :	A local composition model is developed for the representation of the excess Gibbs energy of polymer solutions. The model consists of two contributions due to the configurational entropy of mixing, represented by the Freed Flory-Huggins relation, and to the enthalpic contribution, represented by local compositions through nonrandom factor. The model is applied to correlate the solvent activity of binary polymer solutions. The new excess Gibbs energy equation was used along with the absolute rate theory of Eyring for modeling the dynamic viscosity of binary polymer solutions in the entire concentration range at different temperatures considering different molar mass of polymers. The fitting quality of new model has favorably been compared with polymer-NRTL, segment-based-liquid-NRTL, polymer-Wilson, polymer-NRF and polymer-NRF-Wilson models. The validity of the proposed model is especially demonstrated for the whole range of polymer concentrations at different temperatures using different molar masses of polymers. The segment-based approach provides a more physically realistic model for large molecules when diffusion and flow are viewed to occur by a sequence of individual segment jumps into vacancies rather than jumps of the entire large molecule. Therefore, the correlation of viscosity values for nanofluids was also tested with the proposed Eyring-modified NRF model developed with respect to the segment-based approach. The performance of this model in the fitting of viscosity values of nanofluids are compared with the previously used liquid-NRTL model. Results show that this segment-based model is most valid in the fitting of viscosity values of nanofluids in the entire concentration range at different temperatures.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332150

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8237-8244

Titre :	Membrane contactors for postcombustion carbon dioxide capture : a comparative study of wetting resistance on long time scales
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Elodie Chabanon, Auteur ; Denis Roizard, Auteur ; Eric Favre, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8237-8244
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Wetting Comparative study Carbon dioxide
Résumé :	The major complication of membrane contactors for gas absorption processes is the gradual wetting of the membrane which increases the mass transfer resistance and annihilates process intensification performances. Two standard membrane materials (microporous PP and PTFE ) are compared to two novel composite hollow fiber materials: a dense skin layer on the liquid side prevents wetting (a PMP and a Teflon-AF dense skin coated on a PP fiber). The contactors were tested over 1000 h for CO2 absorption in a 30% MEA solution. The stability of the CO2 capture efficiency over time and the overall mass transfer performances are presented and discussed. A noticeable wetting protection effect of the dense skin membranes is obtained. A large decrease of the capture efficiency is observed with PP, and a slight decrease only is obtained with PTFE. The potentialities of the different fibers for process intensification purposes on long time use is discussed.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332149

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8230-8236

Titre :	High CO2 selectivity of a microporous metal–imidazolate framework : a molecular simulation study
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Seda Keskin, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8230-8236
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Modeling Molecular model Microporosity Carbon dioxide
Résumé :	Molecular simulations were used to investigate separation of CO2 from CH4 and N2 in a recently synthesized microporous metal—imidazolate framework (MMIF). Single component adsorption isotherms of CO2, CH4, and N2 in MMIF were computed using Grand Canonical Monte Carlo simulations, and a good agreement between simulations and experiments was found. Binary mixture adsorption isotherms were also computed and the validity of the ideal adsorbed solution theory was tested. Effects of bulk gas composition, temperature, pressure, and electrostatic interactions on the adsorption selectivity were investigated. MMIF outperformed many other metal organic frameworks and zeolites in adsorption-based CO2 separations. More interestingly, molecular dynamics simulations showed that diffusion of CO2 is several orders of magnitude larger than the diffusivity of CH4 in the pores of MMIF. This makes MMIF a very promising material for kinetic separations with an unprecedentedly high CO2/CH4 selectivity.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332148

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8225-8229

Titre :	Bis-triazole-appended azobenzene chromophore for selective sensing of copper(II) ion
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Elango Hrishikesan, Auteur ; Chinnusamy Saravanan, Auteur ; Palaninathan Kannan, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8225-8229
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Azobenzene chromophore sensing of copper ion
Résumé :	A Cu2+-specific colorimetric sensor of bis-triazole-appended azobenzene receptors I and II was designed and synthesized. Receptor II shows high selectivity toward Cu2+ in acetonitrile/water (80:20, v/v) solution based on the internal charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. The tridentate coordination behavior was proposed with 1:1 stoichiometry between receptor II and Cu2+. Herein, the Cu2+ gives rise to a large change in the absorption spectra (from red to pale yellow) that is clearly visible to the naked eye.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332147

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8216-8224

Titre :	Synergistic extraction of glycolic acid from glycolonitrile hydrolysate
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Shi Yunhai, Auteur ; Sun Houyong, Auteur ; Cao Haiyong, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8216-8224
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Synergism
Résumé :	In this work, glycolic acid was separated from glycolonitrile hydrolysate by an extractant consisting of tri-n-octylamnie, tri-n-butyl phosphate, n-octanol, and sulfonated kerosene. In a single equilibrated apparatus, the synergistic effect of the extractant, the influence of diluents composition, the temperature, and the concentration of ammonium sulfate in the hydrolysate on the distribution coefficient of glycolic acid were studied. The extractant loading of glycolic acid was back-extracted by pure water at high temperature. The results show that synergistic effects appear below 1.56 mol·L-1 of glycolic acid. When the concentration of glycolic acid is higher than 3.42 mol·L-1 there is either little or no synergism effect. The quantity of ammonium sulfate in the hydrolysate has little effect on the extraction efficiency. Based on material balance, a mathematical model for the synergistic extraction was established. In a Φ50 mm Kühni extraction column, glycolic acid was separated continuously from the hydrolysate.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332146

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8204-8215

Titre :	Separation of a chloroform–acetone–toluene mixture by pressure-swing batch distillation in different column configurations
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Gabor Modla, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8204-8215
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Distillation Batchwise
Résumé :	In this paper, a new, triple-column configuration application is introduced to separate ternary mixtures by pressure-swing batch distillation. This study investigates the separation of a chloroform-acetone-toluene ternary mixture in different column configurations (a combination of the batch stripper and the double-column batch rectifier, the double-column batch rectifier, and the triple-column configuration) by a feasibility study and by rigorous simulation and compares these processes at two different charge compositions by its overall specific energy consumption. The influences of the most important operational parameters are studied for all processes, and the performances of the column configurations are compared. On the basis of the results, we state that the triple-column configuration is more efficient than the other column configurations investigated.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332145

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8195-8203

Titre :	Design and synthesis of polymer-bound penta-aza ligand for selective adsorptive separation of cobalt(II) from zirconium(IV)
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Pradipta Kumar, Auteur ; Rupa S. Madyal, Auteur ; Uttamkumar Joshi, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8195-8203
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Ligand Design
Résumé :	A penta-aza ligand was designed using the Density Functional Theory (DFT), synthesized, and then loaded on a polystyrene matrix to prepare a functional polymer as a Co(II) selective adsorbent. A comparative experimental study on adsorption of Co(II) and Zr(IV) revealed that the polymer-supported ligand is more selective toward Co(II) than Zr(IV) from aqueous acidic solutions. The maximum adsorption capacities of the adsorbent for Co(II) and Zr(IV) were 4.1 and 0.5 mg/g, respectively, at pH 1.0. Vibrational frequencies of the metal-ligand complexes were calculated with the VWN-BP functional to confirm true local minima.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332144

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8185-8194

Titre :	Short-path-distillation process of lemongrass essential oil : physicochemical characterization and assessment quality of the distillate and the residue products
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Laura P. Tovar, Auteur ; Glaucia M. F. Pinto, Auteur ; Maria R. Wolf-Maciel, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8185-8194
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Essential oil Distillation
Résumé :	Short-path distillation (SPD), a special high-tech thermal separation technique operating at high vacuum, was used in order to increase the citral concentration in lemongrass essential oil, without adding any extra components to the system, causing minimal thermal impact and reaching high quality for the essential oil extracted at the distillate stream. Experiments were carried out using a centrifugal molecular distillation unit with an evaporator temperature (EVT) from 60 to 120 °C and a feed flow rate (Q) from 1.5 to 4.5 mL·min-1. Experimental protocols for oil and fat analysis were used to characterize the materials extracted. Results (obtained using GC-MS) showed that bSPD was successful in the separation and purification of essential oil. High-quality essential oil was confirmed because of citral concentration increases from 19.816 mgcitral·mL-1(initial sample) to 40.963 mgcitral·mL-1 (at 120 °C and 4.5 mL·min-1), reaching a concentration of the bioactive compound (citral) in the distillate stream of 2.1 times the concentration in the original sample. The density, dynamic viscosity, and free fatty acids were 0.901 g·cm-3, 2.069 mPa·s-1, and 1.26 wt % (oleic acid), respectively, satisfying the oil quality criterion and avoiding thermal degradation.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332143

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8176-8184

Titre :	Experimental study of hydrocyclone flow field with different feed concentration
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	YanHong Zhang, Auteur ; Peng Qian, Auteur ; Yi Liu, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8176-8184
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Flow field Hydrocyclone
Résumé :	The influence of feed concentration on the solid/liquid two-phase flow in a mini-hydrocyclone was studied. A phase doppler particle analyzer was used to measure the two-phase flow pattern in a 25 mm hydrocyclone at three different feed concentrations (300 mg/kg (0.136% (v/v)), 800 mg/kg (0.364% (v/v)) and 1200 mg/kg (0.545% (v/v)). The measurements show that the feed concentration has remarkable influence on the velocities in a hydrocyclone. A higher concentration of solid particles leads to lower axial velocities and can suppress the turbulence of the liquid phase in the inner helical flow; in the outer helical flow, however, the influence was complex. In planes in eddy flow, the downward flow of the liquid phase was increased by a higher concentration of particles; at same time, the dimension of circular flow was also decreasing. In the pyramidal zone, however, the higher feed concentration corresponds to lower axial velocities at the wall region. In the whole experimental zone, the particles lead to the decreasing of tangential velocities. The presence of particles has little influence on the basic flow structure, but changes the size of the eddy flow in the cylindrical section. The correspondence between the higher feed concentration and the shift of the line of zero velocity value closer to the core is also observed which probably means more inlet particles would lead to more liquid leaving the hydrocyclone through the circular flow.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332142

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8163-8175

Titre :	Design of protein crystallization processes guided by phase diagrams
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Sze Kee Tam, Auteur ; Hok Chung Chan, Auteur ; Ka Ming Ng, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8163-8175
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Phase diagram Crystallization Design
Résumé :	Many proteins including pharmaceuticals and industrial enzymes, after separation and purification, are high-value-added products. In this study, a general framework based on solid liquid equilibrium (SLE) phase diagrams for the conceptual design of protein crystallization processes is proposed. First, the coordinates for phase diagrams involving proteins are defined. Second, relevant regions of the phase diagram are determined by experiments. Finally, process synthesis is performed by visualizing the process paths on the phase diagram. This approach is demonstrated with two case studies. One is the design of a lysozyme recovery process in which salt-lean lysozyme solids are recovered from a lysozyme—sodium chloride solution. The other is the design of a process for separating lysozyme and ovalbumin in the presence of ammonium sulfate. The former design is in agreement with patent literature, and the latter design was verified with experiments. Thus, the feasibility of designing protein crystallization processes based on a phase diagram with ionic coordinates and color mapping is demonstrated.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332141

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8153-8162

Titre :	Fault localization in batch processes through progressive principal component analysis modeling
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Jeong Jin Hong, Auteur ; Jie Zhang, Auteur ; Julian Morris, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8153-8162
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Modeling Principal component analysis Batchwise
Résumé :	A technique for fault localization in batch processes using progressive principal component analysis (PCA) modeling is proposed in this paper. A PCA model is developed from normal process operation data and is used for online process monitoring. Once a fault is detected by the PCA model, process variables that are related to the fault are identified using contribution analysis. The time information on when abnormalities occurred in these variables is identified using a time series plot of the squared prediction errors (SPE) on these variables. These variables are then removed and another PCA model is developed using the remaining variables. If the faulty batch cannot be detected by the new PCA model, then the remaining variables are not related to the fault. If the faulty batch can still be detected by the new PCA model, then further variables associated with the fault are identified from SPE contribution analysis. The procedure is repeated until the faulty batch can no longer be detected using the remaining variables. Using the time information on when abnormalities presented in the variables associated with the fault, fault propagation paths can be established and the origin of the fault could be traced. The proposed method is tested on a benchmark simulated fed-batch penicillin production process, PenSim. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is particularly effective in isolating faults that have occurred on measured variables. For more complex faults that have occurred on unmeasured variables, the method can identify variables affected by the fault, and process knowledge is required to determine the fault.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332140

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8138-8152

Titre :	Effect of relative volatilities on inferential temperature control of reactive distillation columns
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Devrim B. Kaymak, Auteur ; Denizhan Yilmaz, Auteur ; Ahmet Z. Gurer, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8138-8152
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Distillation column Distillation with reaction Temperature control
Résumé :	Several control structures for different types of reactive distillation columns have been studied in the literature. In general, these are the ternary systems with the chemistry A + B ↔ C and the quaternary systems with the Chemistry A+B ↔ C + D. In some cases, the ternary system may also contain an additional component I which is inert in terms of reaction. The growing literature includes both ideal generic and real chemical systems. However, all papers dealing with ideal generic systems assume constant relative volatilities between adjacent components. This paper explores the effect of temperature-dependent relative volatilities on inferential temperature control of reactive distillation columns. Three types of chemical systems are considered: a ternary system without inert component, a ternary system with inert component, and a quaternary system. Significant differences are observed between the results of these systems. The inferential control structure ofthe ternary system without inert provides effective control for any case of relative volatilities. However, there are some offset in bottoms and distillate compositions of quaternary system. The results illustrate that the magnitude of the offset in distillate composition increases significantly with the increase in the temperature-dependency of relative volatility.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332139

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8122-8137

Titre :	Integrated framework incorporating optimization for plant-wide control of industrial processes
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Suraj Vasudevan, Auteur ; G.P. Rangaiah, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8122-8137
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Process control Optimization
Résumé :	Numerous methodologies have been developed for the plant-wide control (PWC) of industrial processes. These methodologies can be classified into heuristics, optimization, mathematical, and mixed approaches. However, most of these methodologies do not involve the extensive usage of rigorous process simulators as part of the control system development. Also, in recent years, the focus has shifted toward the use of mixed approaches, which builds synergies between different techniques. As part of the continuing search for more effective PWC system design methods, an integrated methodology is proposed in this paper. This eight-level framework incorporates heuristics and optimization, together with the use of simulation throughout the procedure. The main intuitive feature of this framework is the identification of key controlled variables for optimal operation; this is achieved by detailed analysis of disturbances, computation of the new optimal set points by reoptimization, and cost breakdown analysis for throughput changes. Another important feature is the use of dynamic performance measures to aid in analyzing the effects of integration. This framework is then applied to the styrene monomer plant case study presented earlier [Vasudevan et al. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48, 10941-10961] to develop a viable control structure. The performance of the resulting control system is compared with the control system developed using the integrated framework of simulation and heuristics. While both the control structures are found to be stable and robust in the face of disturbances, the control structure developed in the present work performs significantly better, in terms of steady-state profit and the dynamic economic index based on deviation from the production target.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332138

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8110-8121

Titre :	Dynamic modeling and nonlinear predictive control based on partitioned model and nonlinear optimization
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Ridong Zhang, Auteur ; Anke Xue, Auteur ; Shuqing Wang, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8110-8121
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Optimization Predictive control Modeling Dynamic model
Résumé :	The paper presents a combination modeling procedure and the implementation of a nonlinear predictive control scheme for the optimization of industrial chemical processes. The model structure is first based on a simple step response method. This provides a way to use prior knowledge about the dynamics, which has a general validity, while additional information about the process behavior is derived from measured plant data-model error. This data error driven model framework is applicable for a wide range of chemical operating units under a certain control policy. The same idea is also used to solve the online optimization problem in the predictive controller. The efficiency and effectiveness of the modeling training algorithm and the nonlinear predictive control approach are demonstrated through a coke furnace case study. A good model fitting for the nonlinear plant is obtained by using the new method. A comparison with traditional approaches shows that the new algorithm can considerably reduce modeling error and improve control accuracy.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332137

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8097-8109

Titre :	Design and optimization of steam distribution systems for steam power plants
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Cheng-Liang Chen, Auteur ; Chih-Yao Lin, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8097-8109
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Power plant Water vapor Optimization Design
Résumé :	This paper presents a systematic methodology for the design of a steam distribution network (SDN) which satisfies the energy demands of industrial processes. A superstructure is proposed to include all potential configurations of steam systems, and a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model is formulated accordingly to minimize the total annualized cost. The proposed model determines simultaneously (i) the structure and operational configuration of a steam system and (ii) the interaction between the steam system and the heat recovery system. A series of case studies are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and benefit of the proposed approach.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332136

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8086-8096

Titre :	Simultaneous cyclic scheduling and control of tubular reactors : parallel production lines
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Antonio Flores-Tlacuahuac, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8086-8096
Note générale :	Chimie industriel
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Production Tubular reactor Scheduling
Résumé :	In this work we propose a simultaneous scheduling and control optimization formulation to address both optimal steady-state production and dynamic product transitions in multiproduct tubular reactors working in several parallel production lines. Because the problem involves integer and continuous variables and the dynamic behavior of the underlying system the resulting optimization problem is cast as a mixed-integer dynamic optimization (MIDO) problem. Moreover, because spatial and temporal variations are considered when modeling the addressed systems, the dynamic systems give rise to a system of one-dimensional partial differential equations. For solving the MIDO problems we transform them into a mixed-integer nonlinear programs (MINLP). We use the method of lines for spatial discretization, whereas orthogonal collocation on finite elements was used for temporal discretization. The proposed simultaneous scheduling and control formulation is tested using three multiproduct continuous tubular reactors featuring complex nonlinear behavior.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332135

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8080-8085

Titre :	Defect-free nickel micropillars fabricated at a high current density by application of a supercritical carbon dioxide emulsion
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Tso-Fu Mark Chang, Auteur ; Toshikazu Tasaki, Auteur ; Chiemi Ishiyama, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8080-8085
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Emulsion Supercritical state Carbon dioxide Density Defect
Résumé :	Fast transport properties, extremely low surface tension, and nonpolar property of supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO2) are the key advantages of applying Sc-CO2 in heterogeneous reaction like electroplating. Hydrogen gas bubbles have been found to be a cause of defects found in materials fabricated by electroplating. The physical limitation at the bottom of the photoresist patterns increases the difficulty for removal of hydrogen gas bubbles and diffusion of reactant species to the reaction site. Therefore, low current density is usually applied to prevent formation of defects, but it also leads to low growth rate. Fabrication of defect-free Ni micropillars at a high current density has been demonstrated by application of Sc-CO2 emulsified electrolyte in this work. The average growth rate of the Ni micropillars in this study was about 4.7 μm/min. Diameters of the electroplated Ni micropillars ranged from 50 to 125 μm.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332134

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8073-8079

Titre :	Combined electrochemical and quantum chemical study of some diamine derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for copper
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Aysel Yurt, Auteur ; Gozen Bereket, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8073-8079
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Corrosion inhibitor
Résumé :	The effects of 1,2-diaminoethane (DE), 1,6-diaminohexane (DH), 1,8-diaminooctane (DO), and hydrazine (H) on the electrochemical behavior of copper in 0.1 M H2SO4 were investigated using the potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods at 298 K. A significant decrease in the corrosion rate of copper was observed in the presence of the investigated inhibitors. The potentiodynamic polarization data indicated that the inhibitors were of mixed type, but the cathodic effect was more pronounced. Electrochemical measurements showed that the inhibition efficiencies increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and followed the order DO > DH > H > DE. This reveals that the inhibitive actions of the inhibitors are mainly due to adsorption on the copper surface. Adsorption of these inhibitors follows a Flory-Huggins adsorption isotherm. The correlation between the inhibition efficiencies of inhibitors and their molecular structures has been investigated using quantum chemical parameters obtained by AM1 semiempirical method. Calculated quantum chemical parameters indicate that diamine compounds are adsorbed on copper surface by chemical mechanism.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332133

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8065-8072

Titre :	Optimization of carbonization process for preparation of high performance hollow fiber carbon membranes
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Xuezhong He, Auteur ; May - Britt Hagg, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8065-8072
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Inorganic membrane Hollow fiber Preparation Carbonization Optimization
Résumé :	Orthogonal experimental design (OED) was employed to study the influences of carbonization process on the transport properties of hollow fiber carbon membranes (HFCMs). The conjoint analysis method was applied for the statistical analysis of OED results, and the importance of the investigated carbonization parameters on the performance of carbon membrane was found to be: purge gas > final carbonization temperature > heating rate > final soak time. A high performance hollow fiber carbon membrane (HFCM-5) was prepared from the optimal carbonization process. The carbon membrane structure and morphology were characterized by a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope. The influences of the operating parameters such as temperature, pressure, and stage-cut on the carbon membrane performances were investigated by the single gas and gas mixture tests.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332132

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8058-8064

Titre :	Decomposition of lithium amide and lithium imide with and without anion promoter
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Junqing Zhang, Auteur ; Yun Hang Hu, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8058-8064
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Promoter
Résumé :	The decompositions of lithium amide (LiNH2) and lithium imide (Li2NH) are important steps for hydrogen storage in Li3N. Herein, the decompositions of LiNH2 and Li2NH with and without anion promoter were investigated by using temperature-programmed decomposition (TPD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. It was found that the decomposition of LiNH2 produced Li2NH and NH3 via two steps in the temperature range of 300—450 °C: LiNH2 into a stable intermediate species (Li1.5NH1.5) and then into Li2NH. Furthermore, Li2NH is decomposed into Li, H2, and N2 without formation of Li3N in the temperature range of 550-750 °C. The decompositions of LiNH2 and Li2NH can be promoted by chloride ion (Cl-). The introduction of Cl- into LiNH2 resulted in the generation of a new NH3 peak at low temperature of 250 °C besides the original NH3 peak at 330 °C in its TPD profiles. Furthermore, Cl- can decrease the decomposition temperature of Li2NH by about 110 °C.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332131

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8050-8057

Titre :	Modification of carbon nanotubes for H2S sorption
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Ali Mohamadalizadeh, Auteur ; Jafar Towfighi, Auteur ; Alimorad Rashidi, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8050-8057
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Sorption Hydrogen sulfides
Résumé :	Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), prepared with methane as carbon source through the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method at 900 °C, were functionalized to have amino and amido functional groups and then deposited with tungsten (W) nanoparticles. Pure H2S sorption on MWNTs, MWNTs loaded with W, functionalized MWNTs, and activated carbon (prepared from walnut shell) was investigated at 20 °C and a pressure range of 1-10 bar. X-ray diffraction, transmission and scanning electron microscopies, Raman spectroscopy, ASAP, inductively coupled plasma, and temperature-programmed reduction analysis were performed to determine the properties of the sorbent. The presence of amino functional groups was found to increase the sorption capacity of MWNTs, while the decoration of MWNTs with W nanoparticles decreased the sorption capacity. Results of the research revealed that functionalized MWNTs have a higher H2S sorption capacity than activated carbon. Langmuir, Freundlich, Unilan, Sips, and Toth isotherm models were used for a mathematical description of hydrogen sulfide equilibrium adsorption, and the experimental data for all four adsorbents showed the best accordance with the Freundlich model, while the Unilan model had the least accordance with the experimental data obtained for adsorbents based on MWNTs.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332130

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8042-8049

Titre :	Effects of magnesium and zirconium dopants on characteristics of titanium(IV) oxide fibers prepared by combined sol–gel and electrospinning techniques
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Jerawut Kaewsaenee, Auteur ; Pinpan Visal-athaphand, Auteur ; Pitt Supaphol, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8042-8049
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Oxide fibers Electrospinning Techniques
Résumé :	The sol–gel and electrospinning techniques were combined to produce poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP)/titanium(IV) oxide composite fibers from solutions containing PVP and titanium tetraisopropoxide. Either magnesium nitrate hexahydrate or zirconyl(IV) nitrate hydrate was added to the solutions as a source of magnesium or zirconium dopant, respectively. Upon calcination of the as-spun fibers, metal-doped titania fibers were obtained. The presence of either magnesium or zirconium dopant affected both the physical and chemical properties of the as-synthesized titania fibers and even retarded the formation of the rutile phase. Various characterization techniques were employed to confirm the increased content of Ti3+ defects and oxygen vacancies within the titania structures resulting from the presence of the metal dopants. These defects were found to trap photoexcited charges (i.e., electrons and holes), thus retarding the recombination of electron–hole pairs. This led to an enhancement of the photocatalytic activity of the titania structures.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie102527p

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8034-8041

Titre :	Dynamic surface properties of amino-terminated self-assembled monolayers incorporating reversible CO2 chemistry
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Fiaz S. Mohammed, Auteur ; Sirikanya Wuttigul, Auteur ; Christopher L. Kitchens, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8034-8041
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Carbon dioxide Surface properties
Résumé :	An innovative approach to creating a dynamically controllable smart surface is proposed, incorporating the reversible reaction of CO2 with free primary and secondary amines of amino-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Solutions of N-(2-an-dnoethyl)(3-an-dnopropyl)methyidimethoxysilane (AEAPMDS), N-(6-aminohexyl)-3-aminopropyitrimethoxysilane (AHAPTS), and trimethoxysilylpropyl(polyethleneimine) (PEI-silane) were exposed to CO2, producing the respective carbamate species. The reacted CO2 was readily released by application of moderate heating and reduced pressure. Theonogravametric analysis (TGA) showed a weight loss percentage corresponding to 1 mol of CO2 per 1 mol of diamine at roughly 50 °C, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the carbamate species. Well-ordered amino-terminal SAMs of AEAPMDS, AHAPTS, and PEI-silane were prepared on silicon substrates from toluene solutions and were then exposed to CO2, The subsequent changes in the surface structure and wettability were characterized by variable-angle ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and static contact-angle goniometry. The SAMs showed a reversible change in layer thickness coupled with an increase in hydrophilicity upon CO2 exposure.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332128

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8023-8033

Titre :	Preparation and formation mechanism of silver particles with spherical open structures
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Roberto Irizarry, Auteur ; Lourian Burwell, Auteur ; Madeline S. Leon-Velazquez, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8023-8033
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Formation mechanism Preparation
Résumé :	A new type of highly dispersible silver particles has been developed consisting of two- and three-dimensional building blocks that form spherical shapes with open structures. The first morphology consists of uniform particles that are composed of anisotropic building blocks mainly in the form of a network of platelets forming a spherical, open-structured particle. These platelets are 100-2000 nm in length, with a crystallite size in the range 20-100 nm. The second morphology consists of isotropic components that are 100-500 nm in length, with a crystallite size in the range of 20-100 nm. In both cases, the silver powder was comprised of well-defined monosized particles and was highly dispersible. These powders were prepared by rapidly mixing a silver solution with an ascorbic acid/sodium citrate solution at low pH. A mechanism is proposed for the formation of these novel structures.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332127

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8016-8022

Titre :	Preparation and properties of multiwall carbon nanotubes/polystyrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene composites
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Shigeki Inukai, Auteur ; Ken-ichi Niihara, Auteur ; Toru Noguchi, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8016-8022
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Composite material Preparation
Résumé :	We prepared poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS) matrix composites in which multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were homogeneously dispersed, and their morphologies, thermal properties, and mechanical properties were investigated. The incorporation of MWCNTs into the SBS matrices improved their thermal and mechanical properties with appropriate flexibility. The MWCNT/SBS composites did not flow above 100 °C, and showed surprising improvements in terms of their creep properties. The results indicated the possibility of broadening their use in high temperature applications, and of significantly improving permanent strain, which are currently the main demerits ofTPE. These drastic improvements in the various properties ofMWCNT/SBS composites were assumed to have been caused by the formation of a three-dimensional structure at the interfacial phase of the SBS matrix along the MWCNTs, which we designated as a "cell structure".
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332126

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 8006-8015

Titre :	Microbial corrosion in petroleum product transporting pipelines
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Sundaram Maruthamuthu, Auteur ; Baskaran Dinesh Kumar, Auteur ; Shanmugavel Ramachandran, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 8006-8015
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Petroleum product Corrosion
Résumé :	Petroleum product pipelines in India contain large numbers of various types of microorganisms that either directly or indirectly enhance corrosion. Field studies have been carried out by CSIR-CECRI to investigate the corrosion problem in petroleum product transporting pipelines in South India. Although Unicor J inhibitor was added in the pipeline to control corrosion, corrosion products were detected in the pipeline. The present study reveals that the degradation of the inhibitor enhances the proliferation of bacteria, which enhances the corrosion. The selection of an inhibitor to control corrosion has also been done.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332125

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp.7998-8005

Titre :	In Situ recrystallization of silica template for synthesis of novel microporous ZSM-5/hollow mesoporous carbon composites
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Suk Bon Yoon, Auteur ; Jong - Yun Kim, Auteur ; Seung - Kyu Park, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp.7998-8005
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Microporous Mesoporous carbon Composites
Résumé :	Silica-based nanocasting synthesis of a nanostructured carbon replica inevitably involves the disposal of silica waste and toxic etchant after the time-consuming and costly etching processes for selective removal of silica template from a carbon/silica composite to produce the silica-free carbon replica, not only resulting in chemical waste, but also posing serious environmental concerns. Instead of removal of the silica template, the in situ recrystallization transformation of the silica into more useful functional nanostructured silica offers an attractive alternative to the problem of handling silica waste and toxic etchants. In this work, the novel composites composed of microporous zeolite ZSM-5 crystals and hollow core-mesoporous shell carbon (HCMSC) capsules are synthesized for the first time by such transformation process of sacrificial silica template in the carbon/solid core-mesoporous shell silica (SCMSS) composite through hydrothermal process under alkaline condition. Compared to the commercial filter materials, the zeolite/HCMSC composite (BET surface area: 532600 m2/g) possessing a wide range of pore sizes, i.e., micropores from zeolites, mesopores from the outer shells, and macropores from the hollow core of the carbon capsules reveals the outstanding adsorption capacity for the typical malodorous acetaldehyde.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://www.mendeley.com/research/situ-recrystallization-silica-template-synthesi [...]

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7990-7997

Titre :	Catalytic performance of zeolites on urea thermolysis and isocyanic acid hydrolysis
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Weijuan Yang, Auteur ; Zhenchao Chen, Auteur ; Junhu Zhou, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7990-7997
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Hydrolysis Pyrolysis Zeolite Catalytic reaction
Résumé :	Urea thermolysis and isocyanic acid hydrolysis over three kinds of zeolites are investigated experimentally and the main decomposition products, NH3 and HNCO, are focused on. The results gained using thermogravimetric analysis with heating rates of 2 °C/min from 50-500 °C show NH3 releases mainly in 133-250 °C and the main thermal product above 250 °C is HNCO. NH3 release process appears double-peaked while HNCO triple-peaked. Zeolites shift urea decomposition to lower temperature and shorten the process. The experiments of urea thermolysis over zeolites were done in the fixed reactor at programmed temperature and constant temperature. Although zeolites enhance the production of both NH3 and HNCO, the yield ratio of NH3 increases to 1.1 from 0.9 when adding zeolites but the yield ratio of HNCO is always below 0.8. Under zeolites's catalytic effect, the peak of NH3 release and the second peak of HNCO release become stronger. Moreover, zeolites can result in the HNCO peaks integrating into a stronger peak at 500 °C,. The total yield ofNH3 and HNCO increases about 0.1-0.2 with zeolites and the catalytic effect is more obvious at low temperature. In the experiment of thermolysis with a urea-water spray, over 96% urea could decompose to NH3 and HNCO when the temperature is over 550 °C and the residence time is more than 1.0 s. Zeolites show good catalytic performance on HNCO hydrolysis to NH3 and the conversion of HNCO to NH3 increases with increasing temperature and reaches above 80% at 250 °C and can touch 100%. The catalytic effect on urea thermolysis and HNCO hydrolysis decreases in the order H-Y > H-β > H-ZSM5, which might be due to the amount of acidic sites on the catalysts. The apparent activation energy of the hydrolysis reaction is so low that the overall hydrolysis reaction rate on catalysts is mainly determined by external and internal mass-transfer limitations.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332123

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7985-7989

Titre :	Efficient conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural catalyzed by sulfated zirconia in ionic liquids
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Xinhua Qi, Auteur ; Haixin Guo, Auteur ; Luyang Li, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7985-7989
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Ionic liquid Catalytic reaction
Résumé :	An efficient process was developed for the dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) in the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride ([BMIM][Cl]) by using sulfated zirconia as catalyst. A fructose conversion of 95.8% with a 5-HMF yield of 88.4% was achieved in 30 min reaction time at 100 °C. The IL and sulfated zirconia could be recycled and exhibited constant activity for 6 successive trials, and 5-HMF yields of above 60% could be kept up to 10 trials. The proposed process of using an IL with sulfated zirconia solid catalyst greatly reduces the reaction temperature required over previous works for converting fructose to 5-HMF.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332122

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7977-7984

Titre :	Dimethyl sulfide photocatalytic degradation in a light-emitting-diode continuous reactor : kinetic and mechanistic study
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Zimeng Wang, Auteur ; Jing Liu, Auteur ; Yuancan Dai, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7977-7984
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Kinetics Reactor Photochemical degradation
Résumé :	This study investigated the feasibility, kinetics, and reaction pathways of the photocatalytic degradation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in a light-emitting-diode- (LED-) based continuous reactor. Four types of LEDs, with peak wavelengths at 365, 375, 385, and 402 nm, were used for comparison. The data were fitted with the Langmuir- Hinshelwood kinetic model, in which the rate constants for 365- and 375-nm LEDs were significantly larger than those for the 385- and 402-nm LEDs. The effect of wavelength on the reaction rate followed the TiO2 absorption spectrum. The effect of radiation intensity agreed with a nonlinear power law and was attributed to the TiO2 absorption of photon energy. For the 365- and 375-nm LEDs, the transition of the exponent values from first-order to one-half-order was estimated to occur at 0.5-1.0 mW·cm-2, whereas the 385- and 402-nm LEDs did not show a transition at this intensity. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), methanethiol (MT), methanesulfonic acid (MSA), and sulfate were identified as the reaction products by gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and ion chromatography (IC). A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed for DMS photocatalytic degradation based on the reaction products detected and possible intermediates formed.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332121

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7964-7976

Titre :	Kinetic study of the thermal processing and pyrolysis of crosslinked ethylene vinyl acetate—polyethylene mixtures
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Juan A. Reyes-Labarta, Auteur ; J. Sempere, Auteur ; A. Marcilla, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7964-7976
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Pyrolysis Kinetics
Résumé :	The different transitions involved in the thermal processing and decomposition of cross-linked ethylene vinyl acetate-polyethylene (EVA-PE) mixtures, with different concentrations of PE and peroximon (cross-linking agent), have been analyzed and simultaneously modeled by the application of a mechanistic pseudokinetic model. The model suggested involves all of the fractions susceptible of undergoing transitions or reactions studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, including complex and overlapped peaks. The model applied is capable of accurately representing the different processes involved and can be of great interest in the understanding and quantification of such phenomena, including the modeling of heat effects involved in the whole processing or pyrolysis of this type of product.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332120

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7949-7963

Titre :	Effects of feed composition and feed impurities in the catalytic conversion of syngas to higher alcohols over alkali-promoted cobalt-molybdenum sulfide
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Jakob M. Christensen, Auteur ; Peter A. Jensen, Auteur ; Anker D. Jensen, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7949-7963
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Synthesis gas Catalytic conversion Impurity
Résumé :	Alkali-promoted cobalt-molybdenum sulfide is a potential catalyst for the conversion of syngas into higher alcohols. This work is an investigation of how the feed composition influences the behavior of the sulfide catalyst. In a sulfur-free syngas the production of higher alcohols is observed to be optimal with an equimolar mixture of CO and H2 in the feed, while the methanol production benefits from an increasing hydrogen content in the feed. The influence of NH3 and H2O in the syngas feed has also been investigated. Ammonia (741 ppmv) in the feed is observed to cause a general and largely reversible deactivation of the catalyst. Operation with elevated water levels in the syngas feed (4.7-13.4 mol %) is observed to cause a deactivation of the catalyst, and it is especially the chain growth that is affected.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332119

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7941-7948

Titre :	Partial oxidation of methane and oxygen permeation in SrCoFeOx membrane reactor with different catalysts
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Jay Kniep, Auteur ; Y. S. Lin, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7941-7948
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Catalyst Membrane reactor Permeation Partial oxidation
Résumé :	Partial oxidation of methane (CH4) and oxygen permeation in a dense SrCoFeOx disk membrane reactor were studied with the reducing side of the membrane packed with different catalysts (catalyst support γ-Al2O3, La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ, and 10 wt % Ni/γ-Al2O3) of increasing reaction activities for CH4 oxidation. The influence of temperature, flow rates, and inlet CH4 concentration (diluted with helium) on the performance of the different membrane reactors was investigated. The oxygen permeation flux and CH4 conversion increased in the following order: γ-Al2O3 < La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ < 10% Ni/γ-Al2O3. The membrane reactor with the reforming catalyst of 10 wt % Ni/γ-Al2O3 had the highest CH4 conversion (~90%), CO selectivity (97%), and oxygen permeation flux (2.40 mL/(cm2 min)) at 900 °C. The improvement of the oxygen permeation through the membranes with different catalysts emphasizes the effect of the CH4 oxidation reaction rate on the reducing side of the membrane on the oxygen permeation flux through the mixed-conducting ceramic membranes. Under identical conditions, the oxygen permeation flux through mixed-conducting ceramic membrane with a reducing gas is a strong function ofthe catalytic activity for the oxidation of the reducing gas.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332118

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7927-7940

Titre :	Kinetics of ring-opening polymerization of L,L-lactide
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Yingchuan Yu, Auteur ; Giuseppe Storti, Auteur ; Massimo Morbidelli, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7927-7940
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Polymerization Kinetics
Résumé :	The ring-opening polymerization of L,L-lactide with 2-ethylhexanoic acid tin(II) salt as catalyst, and 1-dodecanol as cocatalyst, is investigated at temperatures ranging from 140 to 180 °C and various operating conditions such as different ratios of monomer to catalyst as well as catalyst to cocatalyst amounts. Average molecular weights and byproduct formation have been measured as a function of monomer conversion. A complete kinetic model including intra- and intermolecular transesterifications as well as random chain scission has been developed. All experimental data have been compared with the predictions of the model, which is coherent with the one developed for lower temperature values in a previous work [Yu, Y. C.; Storti, G.; Morbidelli, M. Macromolecules 2009, 42, 8187]. This results in a reliable estimation of the rate coefficients of all involved reactions in a relatively large range of temperatures (130-180 °C).
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332117

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7920-7926

Titre :	Cyclization of pseudoionone to β-Ionone : reaction mechanism and kinetics
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Madhvanand N. Kashid, Auteur ; Igor Yuranov, Auteur ; Pauline Raspail, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7920-7926
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Kinetics Reaction mechanism
Résumé :	Cyclization of pseudoionone (PI) to β-ionone is an important reaction used in the synthesis of vitamin A and in perfumery. Though the reaction is used for commercial production, its mechanism and kinetics are not known, and the same holds for the optimal performance of the process. This paper deals with experimental investigations of reaction mechanism and kinetics. The inherent characteristics of the reaction such as heat of reaction, thermal stability, and reactants/products distribution in biphasic (sulfuric acid-toluene) system was investigated experimentally. To overcome the mass transfer limitations, the intrinsic kinetics was studied in a batch reactor using a solvent (1-nitropropane) miscible with the reactant and the homogeneous catalyst. It was revealed that the reaction consists of two steps with the first being rapid, while the second is relatively slower. Therefore, the kinetics of only the second step was investigated which was observed to be first order with an activation energy of 65 kJ/mol.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332116

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7911–7919

Titre :	Kinetics of 1-pentanol etherification without water removal
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Roger Bringue, Auteur ; Eliana Ramirez, Auteur ; Carles Fite, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7911–7919
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Kinetics
Résumé :	The effect of water on the kinetics of the liquid-phase dehydration of 1-pentanol to di-n-pentyl ether (DNPE) and water over Amberlyst 70 is revisited. To explain the strong inhibitor effect of water, two approaches were compared. First, a model stemming from a Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson (LHHW) mechanism was used, wherein the inhibitor effect of water was explained by the competitive adsorption of water and pentanol. Second, a modified Eley–Rideal (ER) model was used that includes an inhibition factor, in which a Freundlich-like function is used to explain the inhibitor effect of water by blocking the access of pentanol to the active centers. Both models fitted data quite well, although the best results were obtained with the modified ER model. The activation energy was 118.7 ± 0.2 kJ/mol for the LHHW model and 114.0 ± 0.1 kJ/mol for the modified ER one.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie1025776

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7903-7910

Titre :	Application of sulfonated carbon - based catalyst for solvothermal conversion of cassava waste to hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Wachiraporn Daengprasert, Auteur ; Panatpong Boonnoun, Auteur ; Navadol Laosiripojana, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7903-7910
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Catalyst
Résumé :	This study aims to investigate the production of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural from cassava waste using a sulfonated carbon-based catalyst and to determine the suitable conditions for the reaction. With the use of the catalyst, the appropriate reaction medium for the production of HMF and furfural was a mixture of acetone/DMSO (70/30% w/w) and water at a ratio of 10/90% w/w. The reaction temperature and time were 250°C and 1 min, respectively, and the corresponding weight ratio of the catalyst to cassava waste was 0.05:1. Furthermore, the carbon-based catalyst was found to be highly stable and thus can potentially replace the conventional homogeneous acid catalysts such as sulfuric acid for biomass conversion to liquid alkane. Particularly, the catalyst plays an important role in enhancing hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicelluloses and promoting the dehydration of xylose and glucose to form HMF and furfural.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332114

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7896-7902

Titre :	Sn-Modified ZSM-5 As support for platinum catalyst in propane dehydrogenation
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Yiwei Zhang, Auteur ; Yuming Zhou, Auteur ; Li Huang, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7896-7902
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Dehydrogenation Catalyst
Résumé :	Sn modified ZSM-5 was hydrothermally synthesized and this kind of zeolite was used as the support for platinum catalyst in propane dehydrogenation. In this tin-doped material, XRD results established the presence of highly crystalline and the analysis ofSEM showed the deterioration in crystal quality. The incorporation of Sn into the framework of ZSM-5 zeolite introduced the strong interactions between Sn species and the support, thus more amounts of tin could exist in oxidized form. Moreover, on the Sn-containing PtNa/Sn-ZSM-5 catalyst, the substitution of Sn changed the interfacial character between Pt and the support, which in consequence promoted the occurrence of spillover hydrogen and facilitated the reduction of Pt species. Compared with the conventional impregnated PtNa/HZSM-5 and PtSnNa/HZSM-5 catalysts, the Sn-modified ZSM-5-based Pt catalyst exhibited higher reaction activity and stability. It showed the lowest deactivation parameter (6.2%) and exhibited a selectivity to propene higher than 98% with the corresponding propane conversion of about 39.0% after the reaction for 9 h.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332113

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7882–7895

Titre :	Characterization and activity of ZrO2 doped SBA-15 supported NiMo catalysts for HDS and HDN of bitumen derived heavy gas oil
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Piyali Biswas, Auteur ; Prabhu Narayanasarma, Auteur ; Chandra Mouli Kotikalapudi, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7882–7895
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Gas oil
Résumé :	Gas-oil obtained from bitumen contains a significant amount of impurities, which are difficult to remove using a conventional alumina supported hydrotreating catalyst. Innumerable studies have been carried out to develop a highly effective hydrotreating catalyst, and among all utilizing more advanced support is considered as a better alternative. Recently, SBA-15 has received importance as a catalyst support because of its excellent textural properties. However, SBA-15 lacks surface acidity and provides very low metal–support interaction. By modifying SBA-15 with zirconia, an optimum level of surface acidity and Si–Mo interaction can be achieved. Also, by doping zirconia with SBA-15, the textural properties of zirconia can be improved. Hence, a synergistic effect can be obtained while incorporating zirconia onto SBA-15, and the resulting material Zr-SBA-15 can be used as an effective support for a hydrotreating catalyst. Zr-SBA-15 supports were prepared by the post synthesis and the direct synthesis method. Zr-SBA-15 supported NiMo catalysts were prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation technique. Catalysts and supports were characterized by SAXS, BET, XRD, TEM, SEM, ICP-MS, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy methods. Characterization of support confirmed that the zirconia was successfully incorporated in a mesoporous SBA-15 structure without significantly changing the textural properties of SBA-15. The performance of the Zr-SBA-15 supported NiMo catalysts was evaluated based on hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation activities exhibited during hydrotreating of heavy gas oil derived from Athabasca bitumen. The comparison of catalytic activities shows that the NiMo catalysts supported on Zr-SBA-15 exhibited a higher hydrotreating activity compared to γ-Al2O3 and SBA-15 supported catalysts.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie102429j

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7874–7881

Titre :	Amorphous titania-coated magnetite spherical nanoparticles : sonochemical synthesis and catalytic degradation of nonylphenol ethoxylate
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Sambandam Anandan, Auteur ; Gang-Juan Lee, Auteur ; Shu-Han Hsieh, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7874–7881
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Catalytic reaction Sonochemical reaction Nanoparticle
Résumé :	Well-defined magnetically separable, amorphous titania-coated magnetite spherical nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a sonochemical method using 20 kHz ultrasound. Amorphous magnetite particles were generated by the pyrolysis of Fe(CO)5 within the cavitation bubbles. The simultaneous formation of titania particles from titanium isopropoxide in the bulk liquid led to the incorporation of the magnetite nanoparticles into the titania particles. Transmission electron microscopy images of the titania-coated magnetite nanoparticles showed that they were relatively uniform in size with an average size of 150 nm. The M–H hysteresis loop for titania-coated magnetite particles indicated that the composite spherical nanospheres exhibit superparamagnetic characteristics at room temperature. The titania-coated magnetite nanoparticles were found to be useful for the removal of a wastewater pollutant (nonylphenol ethoxylate) by a combined process of heterogeneous catalysis and ozonation.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332111

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7866–7873

Titre :	Low-temperature performance of Pt/TiO2 for selective catalytic reduction of low concentration NO by C3H6
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Xinyong Liu, Auteur ; Zhi Jiang, Auteur ; Minxia Chen, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7866–7873
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Selective catalytic reduction Titanium oxide Low temperature
Résumé :	Pt/TiO2 catalysts prepared by sol–gel and wetness impregnation methods were investigated for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO by C3H6 in the presence of excess oxygen. The characteristics of the prepared catalysts were analyzed through XRD, BET surface area, NO temperature programmed desorption (TPD), and NO/C3H6 temperature programmed oxidation (TPO). The effects of the crystalline phase of TiO2, O2/C3H6 concentration, and Pt loading amount have been studied. It was found that when bare support was impregnated with the noble metal Pt, the NO removal efficiency increased significantly. In particular, under the condition of 150 ppm NO, 150 ppm C3H6, and 18 vol % O2, balanced with Ar, 0.5 wt % Pt loaded TiO2 calcined at 500 °C could achieve a complete C3H6 conversion and 47.03% NOx reduction simultaneously at 180 °C. This enhanced activity may be associated with its outstanding activities in the TPO processes of NO to NO2 and C3H6 to CO2. The pure anatase crystal form together with its relatively high specific surface area for TiO2 sample calcined at 500 °C was suggested to be responsible for such an enhancement. The research results also suggested that higher concentration of O2 and higher concentration of C3H6 favored NO removal, and Pt loading played an important role in the SCR process.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332110

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7857–7865

Titre :	Transesterification of oil by sulfated Zr-supported mesoporous silica
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Warintorn Thitsartarn, Auteur ; Sibudjing Kawi, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7857–7865
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Industrial organic Chemicals Leather Fats Waxes
Résumé :	Highly dispersed sulfated zirconia has been successfully supported on SBA-15 using a postsynthesis method (P-SZS) and compared with conventional sulfated zirconia (SZ) in terms of catalytic activity in the transesterification of palm oil. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, NH3 TPD, and N2 adsorption–desorption measurements. The P-SZS catalysts could retain the ordered mesoporous hexagonal structure even at very high Zr loadings, and they had higher acidities (i.e., higher amounts of acid sites and higher acid strengths) than SZ because of the interaction of the highly dispersed sulfated zirconia with the large surface area of SBA-15. As a result, P-SZS catalysts have higher catalytic activities than SZ catalyst for the transesterification of palm oil with methanol. A series of P-SZS catalysts with varying amounts of sulfated zirconia were synthesized. P-SZS-1, which had the highest amount of supported sulfated zirconia, showed the best catalytic performance for transesterification reaction. The activity and stability of P-SZS-1 catalyst could be maintained, as the used P-SZS-1 catalyst could be regenerated simply by resulfation of the catalytic sites without the destruction of the ordered mesoporous structure. Interestingly, P-SZS-1 catalyst could be recycled and reused for at least five cycles without significant decrease in activity and stability.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie1022817

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7849–7856

Titre :	Schiff base Pt(II) complex intercalated montmorillonite : a robust catalyst for hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds at room temperature
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Kulamani Parida, Auteur ; Guru Bishwa Bidita Varadwaj, Auteur ; Swagatika Sahu, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7849–7856
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Hydrogenation Catalyst Montmorillonite
Résumé :	Room temperature and atmospheric pressure assisted hydrogenation of aromatic nitro compounds is achieved with a high proficiency over Schiff base Pt(II) complex supported montmorillonite. Usually hydrogenation reactions require severe conditions to crop up. However, our catalyst could alter these extremities exhibiting excellent yields with 100% selectivity. The catalyst was prepared by intercalating Schiff base Pt(II) complex into montmorillonite by simple cation exchange mechanism. The intercalation of the complex inside the clay matrix was supported by various characterization techniques like X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis, BET surface area measurement, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The stability of the catalyst during the course of the reaction was confirmed from its post catalytic FT-IR analysis. The catalyst could be reused three times without noticeable loss of its catalytic activity.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332108

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7841–7848

Titre :	Comparison of aqueous photoreactions with TiO2 in its hydrosol solution and powdery suspension for light utilization
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Tong-xu Liu, Auteur ; Yuan Liu, Auteur ; Zhao-ji Zhang, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7841–7848
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Radiation chemistry Photochemistry photographic Reprographic processes
Résumé :	In aqueous photoreaction systems, the existence of gradient light intensity throughout the reaction solution is one of the important restrictions to the efficiency of the overall photoreaction, which highly relies on the optical properties of the catalyst such as light absorption and scattering effects, the particle size of the catalyst, and the degree of agglomeration in its slurry. In this study, both synthesized TiO2 hydrosol and commercial TiO2 powder, Degussa TiO2 P25, were used as catalysts for comparison, in which their particulate and optical properties in aqueous solution/suspension were investigated. The characteristic results showed that the TiO2 hydrosol had smaller crystal sizes and particle sizes, but a lower degree of crystallinity compared to the P25 powder. As TiO2 hydrosol solution had the much lower light extinction coefficient than P25 suspension, the attenuation of light intensity gradient in the reaction solution containing more transparent TiO2 hydrosol was greatly eliminated. However, both types of catalysts demonstrated similar effects of significant light scattering in their solution/suspension. The photocatalytic activities of two catalysts were then evaluated in two sets of experiments for methyl orange (MO) and methylsulfonic acid (MSA) degradations, respectively. The much higher reaction rates of MO and MSA degradations were found in the TiO2 hydrosol solution than in the P25 suspension, because TiO2 hydrosol catalyst with much finer particles and higher transparency allowed the photoreactor system to work at a higher catalyst loading than the conventional TiO2 powdery catalyst. A new kinetic model considering three main factors of (i) the volumetric rate of photon absorption, (ii) effective reaction volume, and (iii) the effective surface area of catalyst in a cylindrical photoreactor was also established. This new model summarizes that the catalyst with a higher surface area, a lower light extinction coefficient, and a lesser light scattering effect would achieve better light utilization within the photoreactor system and is beneficial to achieve a higher efficiency of overall photoreaction.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie102584j

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7833-7840

Titre :	Semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel blend microspheres of gelatin and hydroxyethyl cellulose for controlled release of theophylline
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Praveen B. Kajjari, Auteur ; Lata S. Manjeshwar, Auteur ; Tejraj M. Aminabhavi, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7833-7840
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Microsphere
Résumé :	Semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogel blend microspheres of gelatin and hydroxyethyl cellulose were prepared by a water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion technique and used to investigate the controlled release (CR) of theophylline (THP), an antiasthamatic drug. About 74% encapsulation of THP was achieved, and the drug release profiles were analyzed in terms of gelatin and hydroxyethyl cellulose blend composition, amount of cross-linking agent, and percentage drug loading. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the IPN blend matrix, as well as chemical stability of the drug in the microsphere. The physical state of the drug in the IPN matrix as evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) remained undisturbed. The size of the microspheres varied from 98 to 144 μm as measured by laser light scattering. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated the smooth surface morphology of the microspheres. Equilibrium and dynamic swelling of the microspheres in distilled water were measured to compute the diffusion coefficient (Dv) of the drug solution through the microspheres. The in vitro cumulative release data were analyzed using an empirical equation to compute the diffusion exponent (n), whose values suggest a non-Fickian mode of transport.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332106

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7824–7832

Titre :	2-Acetylpyridine-N(4)-morpholine thiosemicarbazone (HAcpMTSc) as a corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in HCl
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Saravana Loganathan Ashok Kumar, Auteur ; Mayakrishnan Gopiraman, Auteur ; Moorthy Saravana Kumar, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7824–7832
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Mild steel Corrosion inhibitor
Résumé :	2-Acetylpyridine-N(4)-morpholine thiosemicarbazone (HAcpMTSc) was synthesized and investigated as an inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in acid media. Various concentrations of the inhibitor in 1 M HCl solution were tested, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency to mild steel was estimated by means of weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The adsorption equilibrium constant (Kads) and standard free energy of adsorption (ΔG°ads) were calculated. The nature of inhibition was studied by various spectroscopic techniques such as UV–visible, FTIR, and EPR spectroscopies and by using surface analysis methods (i.e., SEM-EDS).
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332105

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7815–7823

Titre :	Photophysics and structure of inclusion complex of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl sulfone with cyclodextrin nanocavities
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Prosenjit Bhattacharya, Auteur ; Dibakar Sahoo, Auteur ; Sankar Chakravorti, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7815–7823
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Physical Organic Chemistry
Résumé :	The structure and dynamics of a charge transfer drug molecule 4,4-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (dapsone) inside the cyclodextrins (α-, β-, γ-CDs) in aqueous solution have been studied using steady state and time-resolved emission spectroscopies. The quantum yields were significantly larger in the presence of β- and γ-CDs than in water, wherein the β-CD confinement shows the largest effect. The results reveal that dapsone forms 1:1 complexes with both β-CD and γ-CD. At higher concentrations of β-CD a combination of 1:1 and 1:2 inclusion complexes could be observed. The average lifetime of the probe inside the CD cavity is larger than that observed in water due to hydrophobic and polarity effects of the nanocage. Anisotropy decay has been used to study the rotational dynamics of the molecule inside the cyclodextrin cavity. 1H NMR data also confirm shallow inclusion of dapsone in β-CD. PM3 semiempirical calculations indicate that for unimolar complex a partial (3.8 Å) encapsulation of the dapsone molecule in β-CD at an angle of 72° with the CD axis. The DFT calculations with solvent effect show that the formation of inclusion is spontaneous and enthalpy driven.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2004797

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7808–7814

Titre :	Homogeneous synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) in 1-Allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) ionic liquid
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Yan Cao, Auteur ; Huiquan Li, Auteur ; Jun Zhang, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7808–7814
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Ionic liquid
Résumé :	Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) with butyryl content of 6–47 wt % was homogeneously synthesized in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) in a single step without using any catalysts. The effects of different acylating agents (acetic anhydride and butyric anhydride) addition methods and reaction conditions on the acyl content of CABs were investigated. Synthesized CABs were characterized by FTIR, NMR, solubility, and thermal analysis. The acylating agents addition method influences the butyryl content, substituent distribution within the anhydroglucose units (AGU), and the properties of CAB. The CAB obtained with butyryl content greater than 38% is completely soluble in 2-methyl–ethyl ketone, 1,2-dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butyl acetate. After the mix-acylation, AmimCl can be easily recycled and reused. This study provides a novel way for the clean production of CAB under mild conditions for future industrial applications.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332103

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7800–7807

Titre :	Catalytic cyclic carbonate synthesis using epoxide and carbon dioxide : combined catalytic effect of both cation and anion of an ionic CrV(O) amido macrocyclic complex
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Punnamchandar Ramidi, Auteur ; Shane Z. Sullivan, Auteur ; Yashraj Gartia, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7800–7807
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Carbon dioxide Catalytic reaction
Résumé :	We have studied an ionic CrV(O) complex of a cyclic amido ligand (1) for cyclic carbonate synthesis using epoxide and carbon dioxide (CO2) as starting materials. Lithium salt of 1 (Li1) showed a high turnover number (TON) of 2950 at 180 °C and 450 psig CO2 pressure. Reactions were run under solvent-free conditions and in the presence of a Lewis base, which acts as a cocatalyst. Important reaction parameters such as pressure, temperature, and variation of cocatalyst to catalyst ratio were studied in order to obtain optimum reaction conditions. Besides the obvious effect of the anionic CrV on the catalytic activity, the cation of the complex has a profound effect on the overall catalytic activity of the complex. The effect is most significant when the cation is Li+. In order to probe the effect of cation and particularly of Li+ on the catalytic activity, several CrV(O) complexes were synthesized with various cations. Both inorganic (Na+, K+) and organic cations ((Ph)4P+, (Bu)4N+) were used to synthesize the complexes and eventually to understand the effect of the cations. The activity dropped to almost half (TON 1500) for the complexes with cations of Na+ (Na1), K+ (K1), (Ph)4P+ (PPh41), and (Bu)4N+ (Bu4N1), indicating the significant role of Li+ on the overall catalytic activity of Li1. Addition of a calculated amount of Li salt to the complexes with larger cations restores the catalytic activity to the same level as that of Li1, thus reinforcing the role of Li+. We have attempted to correlate the high activity of Li+ compared to larger cations based on its relatively higher Lewis acidity. Charge densities (Zeff/volume) of all inorganic cations indicate that Li+ has the highest charge density and thus the highest Lewis acidity, which in turn helps in producing the high catalytic activity of the complex. A probable mechanism signifying the role of Li+ and ably supported by ab initio theoretical calculations is presented.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332102

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7791–7799

Titre :	Correlation and prediction of water content in alkanes using a molecular theory
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Christopher P. Emborsky, Auteur ; Kenneth R. Cox, Auteur ; Walter G. Chapman, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7791–7799
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Phase equilibriums Chemical equilibriums solutions
Résumé :	We present a predictive model for the saturated water concentration in n-alkanes based on a theoretical equation of state for the hydrocarbon rich phase and a water equation of state for the aqueous phase. By considering a polar or associating component at low concentration in a nonpolar solvent, we can neglect polar or hydrogen bonding interactions in the hydrocarbon rich phase, thus reducing the number of fitted parameters. The approach allows us to determine the intrinsic pure component equation of state parameters independent of polar and associating interactions. As an example, the nonpolar, non-associating equation of state parameters for water are determined by fitting water solubility data in liquid hydrocarbons (carbon numbers (CN) = 4–13, 16) at ambient conditions. Using the PC-SAFT equation of state, a predictive model for the solubility of water in n-alkanes is produced. Comparisons of the model are presented with binary mixture experimental data for methane to decane across a wide range of conditions. Excellent qualitative and good quantitative agreement is exhibited without fitting a binary interaction parameter. The model is then extrapolated to predict water solubility in n-alkanes as a function of temperature, pressure, and carbon number for conditions where experimental data is of questionable validity or unavailable. Implications on the potential model used in molecular simulations are also discussed.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie200296e

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7784–7790

Titre :	Two-stage in situ intercalation polymerization of acrylic copolymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Ming Gao, Auteur ; Dong-Liang Zhou, Auteur ; Xiao Hu, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7784–7790
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Nanocomposite Montmorillonite Polymerization In situ
Résumé :	An amphiphilic acrylic copolymer/montmorillonite nanocomposite was synthesized by way of a two-stage radical copolymerization of emulsion intercalation and solution intercalation, using acrylates, methacrylic acid, and acrylamide as monomers. The water-based product was designed with a structure of a hydrophobic copolymer dispersed in an aqueous copolymer solution to meet the needs of warp sizing agents on adhesiveness to hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic fibers, appropriate glass transition temperature, as well as water-solubility. XRD patterns and TEM observation for the product films showed an exfoliated structure of montmorillonite (MMT) in the part of soluble acrylic copolymer as the MMT content equal to or less than 7%, while in the part of emulsion copolymer alone or the product as a whole, the MMT showed an intercalated structure. Determination of DSC indicated that chemical bondings occurred between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, which guaranteed storage stability of the system and water-solubility of the sizing film, and that there were three Tgs corresponding to the emulsion copolymer, solution copolymer and the interfacial copolymer between the two phases. All of the Tgs increased with increasing content of the MMT in the composites. The elongation at break of the composite films increased with increasing MMT contents up to 3 wt % and then dropped down, and the tensile strength and abrasive resistance of the acrylic copolymer increased with content of the MMT.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332100

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7772–7783

Titre :	In Situ polymerization of graphene, graphite Oxide, and functionalized graphite oxide into epoxy resin and comparison study of on-the-flame behavior
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Yuqiang Guo, Auteur ; Chenlu Bao, Auteur ; Lei Song, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7772–7783
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Flame Polymerization In situ
Résumé :	Starting from expandable graphite (EG), graphene, graphite oxide (GO), and organic phosphate functionalized graphite oxides (FGO) were prepared and incorporated into epoxy resin (EP) matrix via in situ polymerization to prepare EP based composites. The structure of the composites was characterized by transmission electron microscopy to show good dispersion without large aggregates. The thermal behavior investigated by thermogravimetric analysis indicated the EP/graphene composites show the highest onset temperature and maximum weight loss temperature compared with those added with GO and FGO. The flame retardant properties investigated by micro combustion calorimeter illustrate that both EP/graphene and EP/FGO composites perform better than EP/GO composites in flame retardant properties with a maximum reduction of 23.7% in peak-heat release rate when containing 5 wt % FGO and a maximum reduction of 43.9% at 5 wt % loading of graphene. This study represents a new approach to prepare functionalized GO with flame retardant elements to improve the flame retardancy of polymer and gives a way of application of graphene in enhancing thermal stabilities of polymer.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332099

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7763–7771

Titre :	Wettability of fly ashes from four coal-fired power plants in china
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Hailong Li, Auteur ; Junying Zhang, Auteur ; Yongchun Zhao, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7763–7771
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Waste treatment and disposal
Résumé :	Wet flue gas desulfurization, heterogeneous condensation, and chemical agglomeration have been reported to be promising methods for controlling fine particulate matter (PM) from coal combustion flue gas. The effectiveness of these processes is affected by the wettability of the fly ash particles. A novel method based on the flotation mechanism using a laser particle size analyzer was used to measure the wettability of fly ash particles in water, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), and Triton X-100 (TX100) solutions. Fly ash samples were collected from four coal-fired power plants in China [Xuanwei (XW), Jungar (JG), Xiaolongtan (XLT), and Yangzonghai (YZH)], representing high-silicon, high-aluminum, high-calcium, and high-iron fly ashes, respectively. The particle size distributions, surface areas, zeta (ζ) potentials, densities, chemical compositions, mineral compositions, and morphologies of the fly ash samples were investigated as well. PM0.1 and PM10+ were readily wetted in water, but most particles within the 1–10-μm range exhibited lower wettabilities. The wettability of fly ashes in water is related to other physical or chemical characteristics and follows the trend YZH > XLT > XW > JG. For YZH fly ash, PM0.1 and PM1+ can be completely wetted in water. For XW, JG, and XLT fly ashes, only PM0.1 and PM10+ can be wetted completely in water. Addition of SDBS or TX100 promoted most wetting processes, and the promotional effect is also related to other characteristics of fly ash particles such as surface roughness, surface area, and ζ potential.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2001378

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7753-7762

Titre :	Energy efficient UV-LED source and TiO2nNanotube array-based reactor for photocatalytic application
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Thillai Sivakumar Natarajan, Auteur ; Kalithasan Natarajan, Auteur ; Hari C. Bajaj, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7753-7762
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Photocatalysis Reactor Titanium oxide Ultraviolet radiation
Résumé :	The present study focuses on the development and feasibility of ultraviolet light emitting diode (UV-LED) source and TiO2 nanotube array (TNA)-based photocatalytic reactor for Congo red (CR) dye degradation. Highly ordered TNA was synthesized by the anodization method. The synthesized highly ordered TNA was characterized by X- ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and electronic impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The percentage degradation was determined using a UV-visible spectrophotometer, while the mineralization of CR dye was further confirmed by chemical oxygen demand (COD) and kinetic analysis. The effect of operational parameters such as initial concentration of dye and pH on the degradation of CR dye has been studied to determine the optimum conditions. A possible degradation mechanism based on the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has been suggested. The results demonstrated that CR dye was completely degraded in 5 h using the designed photocatalytic reactor. The electrical energy per order (EEo) was calculated for estimating the electrical energy efficiency. The result demonstrated that highly adhered nanotube array can effectively be used for photocatalytic degradation of CR dye in the presence of UV-LED light irradiation.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332097

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7746–7752

Titre :	Thermal dehydration and vibrational spectra of hydrated sodium metaborates
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Amy M. Beaird, Auteur ; Li Peng, Auteur ; Hilary S. Marsh, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7746–7752
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Catalysis Reaction kinetics Inorganic reaction mechanisms
Résumé :	Sodium metaborate hydrates are a class of compounds represented by the stoichiometry NaBO2·xH2O. Recently, sodium metaborate has received attention as the byproduct of sodium borohydride hydrolysis, a reaction that is under consideration for hydrogen storage applications. The aim of this work was to understand the disposition of water in the crystal structure of hydrated sodium metaborates and to characterize the thermal stability and dehydration of the various hydrated species to optimize hydrogen storage efficiency as well as recyclability of the borate. Observations from a suite of analytical techniques including thermal analyses (thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry), X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy were correlated to characterize the dehydration mechanism of commercially available sodium metaborates, with an emphasis on the dihydrate (x = 2). A transformation from tetrahedrally coordinated boron to trigonal boron occurs when NaB(OH)4 (x = 2) is heated between 25 and 400 °C. The first dehydration to Na3[B3O5(OH)2] (x = 1/3) releases 5 mol of water between 83 and 155 °C. The final mole of water is released between 249 and 280 °C, and Na3B3O6 (x = 0) is formed. Raman spectra are reported for x = 2 and 1/3 for the first time. First-principles density functional theory was used to compute Raman spectra of the x = 1/3 and 2 material in order to assign the modes. We found reasonably good agreement between the experimentally measured and calculated vibrational frequencies.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie102345j

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7740–7745

Titre :	MgO-PbO catalyzed synthesis of diethylene glycol Bis(allyl carbonate) by transesterification route
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Hualiang An, Auteur ; Zhuo Gao, Auteur ; Xinqiang Zhao, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7740–7745
Note générale :	Chimlie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Mixed metal oxides Synthesis of diethylene
Résumé :	The catalytic performance of mixed metal oxides was evaluated for the synthesis of diethylene glycol bis(allyl carbonate) (ADC) by transesterification of diethylene glycol (DEG), dimethyl carbonate (DMC). and allyl alcohol (AAH), and MgO–PbO was found to show the highest catalytic activity. The influence of preparation conditions on the catalytic performance of MgO–PbO was studied and its suitable preparation conditions were as follows. A calcination process was used, with Mg(OH)2 and Pb(CH3COO)2·3H2O as precursors, molar ratio of Mg:Pb = 6:1, and calcination temperature of 650 °C. Under the following reaction conditions, molar ratio of DEG:DMC:AAH = 0.08:1:2, weight percentage of MgO–PbO = 1.5% of total weight of all reactants, 100 °C, 6 h, and vacuum of 0.08 MPa, the yield of ADC was 97.3%. Moreover, MgO–PbO showed a good recyclability; ADC yield of 95.4% could be achieved after the catalyst was reused for two times. The results of N2 adsorption–desorption measurement and XPS analyses for MgO–PbO indicate there exists an interaction between MgO and PbO, which promotes the catalytic performance and recyclability of MgO–PbO. Furthermore, the reaction pathway for ADC synthesis was elucidated by means of GC-MS analysis and experimental verification.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2003076

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7733-7739

Titre :	Removal of lignin from wastewater generated by mechanical pulping using activated charcoal and fly ash : adsorption kinetics
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Kerstin I. Andersson, Auteur ; Marie Eriksson, Auteur ; Magnus Norgren, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7733-7739
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Kinetics Adsorption Fly ash Mechanical pulping Waste water
Résumé :	The possible application of adsorption for the removal of lignin-related material found in wastewater generated by mechanical pulping was investigated. Activated charcoal and fly ash were used as adsorbents in batch experiments. The lignin-related material exhibited properties well-suited for adsorption onto both adsorbents, although the sorption capacity of activated charcoal exceeds that of fly ash. The experimental data were fitted to pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order rate kinetic expressions, and an attempt was made to find the rate-limiting step involved in the adsorption processes. The results showed that lignin adsorption onto both activated charcoal and fly ash follows pseudo-second-order rate kinetics and that both boundary-layer diffusion and intraparticle diffusion are likely involved in the rate-limiting mechanisms. Adsorption is an interesting option in advanced wastewater treatment, and fly ash appears to be a suitable low-cost adsorbent for recalcitrant organic pollutants.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332094

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011)

Titre :	Removal of lignin from wastewater generated by mechanical pulping using activated charcoal and fly ash : adsorption isotherms and thermodynamics
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Kerstin I. Andersson, Auteur ; Marie Eriksson, Auteur ; Magnus Norgren, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Wastewater generated Adsorption Isotherms
Résumé :	Lignin-related material found in wastewater from thermomechanical pulping resists conventional biological treatment, entailing the use of advanced removal methods. In this work, the use of adsorption for removing lignin-related material was investigated. Activated charcoal and fly ash were used to study the adsorption behavior of lignin and to determine the adsorption capacities of these two adsorbents. Experimental data were fitted to various isotherm equations to find the best description of the sorption systems, and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Fly ash exhibited good sorption properties, although its sorption capacity was inferior to that of activated charcoal. Both the Freundlich and Langmuir equations provided reasonable models of the sorption processes, and the thermodynamic parameters indicated that sorption onto activated charcoal is endothermic, whereas sorption onto fly ash appears to be exothermic. Fly ash is a low-cost material that is often available on-site and offers an interesting alternative to high-cost advanced wastewater treatment systems for removing recalcitrant organic materials.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie200378s

[article]
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 13 (Juillet 2011) . - pp. 7705-7721

Titre :	Recent advances in the synthesis and main applications of metallic nanoalloys
Type de document :	texte imprimé
Auteurs :	Blanca M. Munoz-Flores, Auteur ; Boris I. Kharisov, Auteur ; Victor M. Jiménez-Pérez, Auteur
Année de publication :	2011
Article en page(s) :	pp. 7705-7721
Note générale :	Chimie industrielle
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Mots-clés :	Metallic Nanoalloys
Résumé :	Syntheses of nanoalloys using diverse experimental methods are reviewed. The main techniques include microwave heating, laser-assisted methods, chemical vapor deposition, and electrochemical methods, as well as a series of chemical reduction and decomposition routes. The nanoalloys possess a series of useful properties, such as magnetic, semiconducting, field-emission materials, that are being applied in the catalytic processes and the creation of optical, electronic, and magnetic materials.
DEWEY :	660
ISSN :	0888-5885
En ligne :	http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24332092

Industrial & engineering chemistry research / Paul, Donald R. . Vol. 50 N° 13

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