Dépouillements

Electrospinning to Forcespinning™ / Kamal Sarkar in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 12-14 Titre : Electrospinning to Forcespinning™ Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kamal Sarkar, Auteur ; Carlos Gomez, Auteur ; Steve Zambrano, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 12-14 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Forcespinning  Nanofiber  Electrospinning  Materials Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : A new process called Forcespinning™ has been developed to make nanofibers from a wide range of materials. This new method uses centrifugal force, rather than electrostatic force as in the electrospinning process. The Forcespinning™ method uses either solutions or solid materials that are solution or melt spun into nanofibers. Key parameters to control the geometry and morphology of the nanofibers include rotational speed of the spinneret, collection system and temperature. Orifices of the spinneret can have arbitrary geometric shapes to provide corresponding cross-section of nanofibers. The Forcespinning™ method has been successfully used to make nanofibers of poly-ethylene oxide, poly-lactic acid, bismuth, polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and polystyrene among others. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110701991 [article] Electrospinning to Forcespinning™ [texte imprimé] / Kamal Sarkar, Auteur ; Carlos Gomez, Auteur ; Steve Zambrano, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 12-14. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 12-14 Mots-clés : Forcespinning  Nanofiber  Electrospinning  Materials Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : A new process called Forcespinning™ has been developed to make nanofibers from a wide range of materials. This new method uses centrifugal force, rather than electrostatic force as in the electrospinning process. The Forcespinning™ method uses either solutions or solid materials that are solution or melt spun into nanofibers. Key parameters to control the geometry and morphology of the nanofibers include rotational speed of the spinneret, collection system and temperature. Orifices of the spinneret can have arbitrary geometric shapes to provide corresponding cross-section of nanofibers. The Forcespinning™ method has been successfully used to make nanofibers of poly-ethylene oxide, poly-lactic acid, bismuth, polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and polystyrene among others. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110701991

Electrospun nanomaterials for ultrasensitive sensors / Bin Ding in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 16-27 Titre : Electrospun nanomaterials for ultrasensitive sensors Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bin Ding, Auteur ; Moran Wang, Auteur ; Xianfeng Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 16-27 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nanofibers  Nanowebs  Nanomaterials  Ultrasensitive  sensors Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : Increasing demands for ever more sensitive sensors for global environmental monitoring, food inspection and medical diagnostics have led to an upsurge of interests in nanostructured materials such as nanofibers and nanowebs. Electrospinning exhibits the unique ability to produce diverse forms of fibrous assemblies. The remarkable specific surface area and high porosity bring electrospun nanomaterials highly attractive to ultrasensitive sensors and increasing importance in other nanotechnological applications. In this review, we summarize recent progress in developments of the electrospun nanomaterials with applications in some predominant sensing approaches such as acoustic wave, resistive, photoelectric, optical, amperometric, and so on, illustrate with examples how they work, and discuss their intrinsic fundamentals and optimization designs. We are expecting the review to pave the way for developing more sensitive and selective nanosensors. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702005 [article] Electrospun nanomaterials for ultrasensitive sensors [texte imprimé] / Bin Ding, Auteur ; Moran Wang, Auteur ; Xianfeng Wang, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 16-27. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 16-27 Mots-clés : Nanofibers  Nanowebs  Nanomaterials  Ultrasensitive  sensors Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : Increasing demands for ever more sensitive sensors for global environmental monitoring, food inspection and medical diagnostics have led to an upsurge of interests in nanostructured materials such as nanofibers and nanowebs. Electrospinning exhibits the unique ability to produce diverse forms of fibrous assemblies. The remarkable specific surface area and high porosity bring electrospun nanomaterials highly attractive to ultrasensitive sensors and increasing importance in other nanotechnological applications. In this review, we summarize recent progress in developments of the electrospun nanomaterials with applications in some predominant sensing approaches such as acoustic wave, resistive, photoelectric, optical, amperometric, and so on, illustrate with examples how they work, and discuss their intrinsic fundamentals and optimization designs. We are expecting the review to pave the way for developing more sensitive and selective nanosensors. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702005

Electrical nanogap devices for biosensing / Xing Chen in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 28-41 Titre : Electrical nanogap devices for biosensing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xing Chen, Auteur ; Zheng Guo, Auteur ; Gui-Mei Yang, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 28-41 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Electrical  nanogap  Biomolecules  Electrical  biosensing Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : For detecting substances that are invisible to the human eye or nose, and particularly those biomolecules, the devices must have very small feature sizes, be compact and provide a sufficient level of sensitivity, often to a small number of biomolecules that are just a few nanometres in size. Electrical nanogap devices for biosensing have emerged as a powerful technique for detecting very small quantities of biomolecules. The most charming feature of the devices is to directly transduce events of biomolecules specific binding into useful electrical signals such as resistance/impedance, capacitance/dielectric, or field-effect. Nanogap devices in electrical biosensing have become a busy area of research which is continually expanding. A wealth of research is available discussing planar and vertical nanogap devices for biosensing. Planar nanogap devices including label-free, gold nanoparticle-labeled, nanoparticles-enhanced, nanogapped gold particle film, and carbon nanotube nanogap devices as well as vertical nanogap devices with two and three terminals for biosensing are carefully reviewed. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated overview of the work in this field. In each part, we discuss the principles of operation of electrical biosensing and consider major strategies for enhancing their performance and/or key challenges and opportunities in current stages, and in their further development. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702017 [article] Electrical nanogap devices for biosensing [texte imprimé] / Xing Chen, Auteur ; Zheng Guo, Auteur ; Gui-Mei Yang, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 28-41. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 28-41 Mots-clés : Electrical  nanogap  Biomolecules  Electrical  biosensing Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : For detecting substances that are invisible to the human eye or nose, and particularly those biomolecules, the devices must have very small feature sizes, be compact and provide a sufficient level of sensitivity, often to a small number of biomolecules that are just a few nanometres in size. Electrical nanogap devices for biosensing have emerged as a powerful technique for detecting very small quantities of biomolecules. The most charming feature of the devices is to directly transduce events of biomolecules specific binding into useful electrical signals such as resistance/impedance, capacitance/dielectric, or field-effect. Nanogap devices in electrical biosensing have become a busy area of research which is continually expanding. A wealth of research is available discussing planar and vertical nanogap devices for biosensing. Planar nanogap devices including label-free, gold nanoparticle-labeled, nanoparticles-enhanced, nanogapped gold particle film, and carbon nanotube nanogap devices as well as vertical nanogap devices with two and three terminals for biosensing are carefully reviewed. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated overview of the work in this field. In each part, we discuss the principles of operation of electrical biosensing and consider major strategies for enhancing their performance and/or key challenges and opportunities in current stages, and in their further development. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702017

Cryogels / Ashok Kumar in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 42-44 Titre : Cryogels : freezing unveiled by thawing Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ashok Kumar, Auteur ; Ruchi Mishra, Auteur ; Yvonne Reinwald, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 42-44 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cryogels  Ice-crystal  formation  Polymerization  Gel  materials Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : Cryogels are interconnected supermacroporous gels prepared at sub-zero temperatures having applications in various research fields. The process of cryogelation is ideally thought to take place via following steps: phase separation with ice-crystal formation, cross-linking and polymerization followed by thawing of ice-crystals to form an interconnected porous cryogel network. This phenomenon mostly thought as a theoretical concept has now been revealed here in practical terms via data generated by micro-computed tomography (Micro CT). Micro CT is mainly used for characterizing the gel materials in terms of their physical properties like pore size, porosity, strut size, etc., whereas this work has pioneered its role in elucidating the process of cryogel formation. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702029 [article] Cryogels : freezing unveiled by thawing [texte imprimé] / Ashok Kumar, Auteur ; Ruchi Mishra, Auteur ; Yvonne Reinwald, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 42-44. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 42-44 Mots-clés : Cryogels  Ice-crystal  formation  Polymerization  Gel  materials Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : Cryogels are interconnected supermacroporous gels prepared at sub-zero temperatures having applications in various research fields. The process of cryogelation is ideally thought to take place via following steps: phase separation with ice-crystal formation, cross-linking and polymerization followed by thawing of ice-crystals to form an interconnected porous cryogel network. This phenomenon mostly thought as a theoretical concept has now been revealed here in practical terms via data generated by micro-computed tomography (Micro CT). Micro CT is mainly used for characterizing the gel materials in terms of their physical properties like pore size, porosity, strut size, etc., whereas this work has pioneered its role in elucidating the process of cryogel formation. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702029

Technology & swimming / Geoffroy Berthelot in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 46-51 Titre : Technology & swimming : 3 steps beyond physiology Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Geoffroy Berthelot, Auteur ; Stéphane Len, Auteur ; Philippe Hellard, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 46-51 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Technology  Swimming  materials  Swimsuit  generation Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : We focus here on the impact of material science in swimming by measuring the impact of the three successive generations of swimsuits on human performance and estimate the upcoming performance drop consecutive to the decision of the FINA to suspend their use. We investigate the recent evolutions of the best performers over the 1990 — 2009 period and demonstrate that three bursts of performances occurred in 2000, 2008 and 2009. The overall observed gains of these bursts exceed 2.0% for both sexes. The drop in performance that may result from this rule change may return to similar levels as seen in 1999. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702030 [article] Technology & swimming : 3 steps beyond physiology [texte imprimé] / Geoffroy Berthelot, Auteur ; Stéphane Len, Auteur ; Philippe Hellard, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 46-51. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 46-51 Mots-clés : Technology  Swimming  materials  Swimsuit  generation Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : We focus here on the impact of material science in swimming by measuring the impact of the three successive generations of swimsuits on human performance and estimate the upcoming performance drop consecutive to the decision of the FINA to suspend their use. We investigate the recent evolutions of the best performers over the 1990 — 2009 period and demonstrate that three bursts of performances occurred in 2000, 2008 and 2009. The overall observed gains of these bursts exceed 2.0% for both sexes. The drop in performance that may result from this rule change may return to similar levels as seen in 1999. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702030

Reassessing the melting temperature of PuO2 / Franck de Bruycker in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 52-55 Titre : Reassessing the melting temperature of PuO2 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Franck de Bruycker, Auteur ; Konstantinos Boboridis, Auteur ; Dario Manara, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 52-55 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Melting  temperature  Nuclear  power  plants  Thermo-mechanical  stability  Nuclear  fuel  element Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : The melting behavior is a fundamental property of a material, closely related to its structure and thermodynamic stability, and has therefore been a crucial subject of research for ages. The melting point is also an important engineering parameter, as it defines the operational limits of a material in its application environment. This point becomes critical in nuclear engineering where the thermo-mechanical stability of a nuclear fuel element is a key factor determining fuel performance and safety. However, experimental difficulties stemming from the extreme temperatures, complex pressure-temperature-composition relations, and the high radioactivity make the study of melting of refractory actinide compounds particularly challenging. As a consequence, experimental data are rare and subject to large uncertainties, and more reliable experimental techniques are badly needed. A novel experimental approach is presented here, yielding new data and allowing a re-assessment of the PuO2 melting behaviour. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702042 [article] Reassessing the melting temperature of PuO2 [texte imprimé] / Franck de Bruycker, Auteur ; Konstantinos Boboridis, Auteur ; Dario Manara, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 52-55. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 52-55 Mots-clés : Melting  temperature  Nuclear  power  plants  Thermo-mechanical  stability  Nuclear  fuel  element Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : The melting behavior is a fundamental property of a material, closely related to its structure and thermodynamic stability, and has therefore been a crucial subject of research for ages. The melting point is also an important engineering parameter, as it defines the operational limits of a material in its application environment. This point becomes critical in nuclear engineering where the thermo-mechanical stability of a nuclear fuel element is a key factor determining fuel performance and safety. However, experimental difficulties stemming from the extreme temperatures, complex pressure-temperature-composition relations, and the high radioactivity make the study of melting of refractory actinide compounds particularly challenging. As a consequence, experimental data are rare and subject to large uncertainties, and more reliable experimental techniques are badly needed. A novel experimental approach is presented here, yielding new data and allowing a re-assessment of the PuO2 melting behaviour. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702042

Nanoscale infrared spectroscopy / Craig Prater in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 56-60 Titre : Nanoscale infrared spectroscopy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Craig Prater, Auteur ; Kevin Kjoller, Auteur ; Roshan Shetty, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 56-60 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Infrared  spectroscopy  Nanoscale  Topography  imaging  Physical  measurements  Instrumentation Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : In the early days of scanning probe microscopy, researchers and instrumentation developers were often postulating about the future and, perhaps one day, the advent of the “lab-on-a-tip.” While the technology has seen the development of highly spatially resolved topography imaging coupled to a series of different physical measurements, it is only recently that is has been possible to perform chemical characterization measurements with infrared spectroscopy on the nanoscale. The enabling technique is known as nanoIR™. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702054 [article] Nanoscale infrared spectroscopy [texte imprimé] / Craig Prater, Auteur ; Kevin Kjoller, Auteur ; Roshan Shetty, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 56-60. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 11 (Novembre 2010) . - pp. 56-60 Mots-clés : Infrared  spectroscopy  Nanoscale  Topography  imaging  Physical  measurements  Instrumentation Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : In the early days of scanning probe microscopy, researchers and instrumentation developers were often postulating about the future and, perhaps one day, the advent of the “lab-on-a-tip.” While the technology has seen the development of highly spatially resolved topography imaging coupled to a series of different physical measurements, it is only recently that is has been possible to perform chemical characterization measurements with infrared spectroscopy on the nanoscale. The enabling technique is known as nanoIR™. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702054

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