Dépouillements

Materials challenges for nuclear systems / Todd Allen in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 14-23 Titre : Materials challenges for nuclear systems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Todd Allen, Auteur ; Jeremy Busby, Auteur ; Mitch Meyer, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 14-23 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Materials  Nuclear  power  system  Fuels  Reactor Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : The safe and economical operation of any nuclear power system relies to a great extent, on the success of the fuel and the materials of construction. During the lifetime of a nuclear power system which currently can be as long as 60 years, the materials are subject to high temperature, a corrosive environment, and damage from high-energy particles released during fission. The fuel which provides the power for the reactor has a much shorter life but is subject to the same types of harsh environments. This article reviews the environments in which fuels and materials from current and proposed nuclear systems operate and then describes how the creation of the Advanced Test Reactor National Scientific User Facility is allowing researchers from across the United States to test their ideas for improved fuels and materials. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702200 [article] Materials challenges for nuclear systems [texte imprimé] / Todd Allen, Auteur ; Jeremy Busby, Auteur ; Mitch Meyer, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 14-23. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 14-23 Mots-clés : Materials  Nuclear  power  system  Fuels  Reactor Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : The safe and economical operation of any nuclear power system relies to a great extent, on the success of the fuel and the materials of construction. During the lifetime of a nuclear power system which currently can be as long as 60 years, the materials are subject to high temperature, a corrosive environment, and damage from high-energy particles released during fission. The fuel which provides the power for the reactor has a much shorter life but is subject to the same types of harsh environments. This article reviews the environments in which fuels and materials from current and proposed nuclear systems operate and then describes how the creation of the Advanced Test Reactor National Scientific User Facility is allowing researchers from across the United States to test their ideas for improved fuels and materials. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702200

The high burn-up structure in nuclear fuel / Vincenzo V. Rondinella in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 24-32 Titre : The high burn-up structure in nuclear fuel Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vincenzo V. Rondinella, Auteur ; Thierry Wiss, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 24-32 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nuclear  fuel  Nuclear  reactor  Microstructural  mechanisms Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : During its operating life in the core of a nuclear reactor nuclear fuel is subjected to significant restructuring processes determined by neutron irradiation directly through nuclear reactions and indirectly through the thermo-mechanical conditions established as a consequence of such reactions. In today's light water reactors, starting after ∼4 years of operation the cylindrical UO2 fuel pellet undergoes a transformation that affects its outermost radial region. The discovery of a newly forming structure necessitated the answering of important questions concerning the safety of extended fuel operation and still today poses the fascinating scientific challenge of fully understanding the microstructural mechanisms responsible for its formation. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702212 [article] The high burn-up structure in nuclear fuel [texte imprimé] / Vincenzo V. Rondinella, Auteur ; Thierry Wiss, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 24-32. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 24-32 Mots-clés : Nuclear  fuel  Nuclear  reactor  Microstructural  mechanisms Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : During its operating life in the core of a nuclear reactor nuclear fuel is subjected to significant restructuring processes determined by neutron irradiation directly through nuclear reactions and indirectly through the thermo-mechanical conditions established as a consequence of such reactions. In today's light water reactors, starting after ∼4 years of operation the cylindrical UO2 fuel pellet undergoes a transformation that affects its outermost radial region. The discovery of a newly forming structure necessitated the answering of important questions concerning the safety of extended fuel operation and still today poses the fascinating scientific challenge of fully understanding the microstructural mechanisms responsible for its formation. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702212

Molten fluorides for nuclear applications / Sylvie Delpech in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 34-41 Titre : Molten fluorides for nuclear applications Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sylvie Delpech, Auteur ; Céline Cabet, Auteur ; Cyrine Slim, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 34-41 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fluoride  molten  salts  Heat  transfer  Metallic  materials  Corrosion  Nuclear  applications Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : The importance of pyrochemistry is being increasingly acknowledged and becomes unavoidable in the nuclear field. Molten salts may be used for fuel processing and spent fuel recycling, for heat transfer, as a homogeneous fuel and as a breeder material in fusion systems. Fluorides that are stable at high temperature and under high neutron flux are especially promising. Analysis of several field cases reveals that corrosion in molten fluorides is essentially due to the oxidation of metals by uranium fluoride and/or oxidizing impurities. The thermodynamics of this process are discussed with an emphasis on understanding the mass transfer in the systems, selecting appropriate metallic materials and designing effective purification methods. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702224 [article] Molten fluorides for nuclear applications [texte imprimé] / Sylvie Delpech, Auteur ; Céline Cabet, Auteur ; Cyrine Slim, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 34-41. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 34-41 Mots-clés : Fluoride  molten  salts  Heat  transfer  Metallic  materials  Corrosion  Nuclear  applications Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : The importance of pyrochemistry is being increasingly acknowledged and becomes unavoidable in the nuclear field. Molten salts may be used for fuel processing and spent fuel recycling, for heat transfer, as a homogeneous fuel and as a breeder material in fusion systems. Fluorides that are stable at high temperature and under high neutron flux are especially promising. Analysis of several field cases reveals that corrosion in molten fluorides is essentially due to the oxidation of metals by uranium fluoride and/or oxidizing impurities. The thermodynamics of this process are discussed with an emphasis on understanding the mass transfer in the systems, selecting appropriate metallic materials and designing effective purification methods. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702224

Medical prototyping using two photon polymerization / Roger J. Narayan in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 42-48 Titre : Medical prototyping using two photon polymerization Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Roger J. Narayan, Auteur ; Anand Doraiswamy, Auteur ; Douglas B. Chrisey, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 42-48 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Medical  prototyping  Photosensitive  materials  Polymerization  Laser  pulses  Computer  models Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : Two photon polymerization involves nearly simultaneous absorption of ultrashort laser pulses for selective curing of photosensitive material. This process has recently been used to create small-scale medical devices out of several classes of photosensitive materials, such as acrylate-based polymers, organically-modified ceramic materials, zirconium sol-gels, and titanium-containing hybrid materials. In this review, the use of two photon polymerization for fabrication of several types of small-scale medical devices, including microneedles, artificial tissues, microfluidic devices, pumps, sensors, and valves, from computer models is described. Necessary steps in the development of two photon polymerization as a commercially viable medical device manufacturing method are also considered. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702236 [article] Medical prototyping using two photon polymerization [texte imprimé] / Roger J. Narayan, Auteur ; Anand Doraiswamy, Auteur ; Douglas B. Chrisey, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 42-48. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 42-48 Mots-clés : Medical  prototyping  Photosensitive  materials  Polymerization  Laser  pulses  Computer  models Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : Two photon polymerization involves nearly simultaneous absorption of ultrashort laser pulses for selective curing of photosensitive material. This process has recently been used to create small-scale medical devices out of several classes of photosensitive materials, such as acrylate-based polymers, organically-modified ceramic materials, zirconium sol-gels, and titanium-containing hybrid materials. In this review, the use of two photon polymerization for fabrication of several types of small-scale medical devices, including microneedles, artificial tissues, microfluidic devices, pumps, sensors, and valves, from computer models is described. Necessary steps in the development of two photon polymerization as a commercially viable medical device manufacturing method are also considered. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702236

Digital Image Correlation / Nick McCormick in Materials today, Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 52-54 Titre : Digital Image Correlation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nick McCormick, Auteur ; Jerry Lord, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 52-54 Note générale : Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Digital  image  Material  deformation  Crack  propagation Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : Strain and displacement are critical parameters within engineering and construction projects. However, measuring these parameters outside of the lab requires a difficult choice between conventional techniques, as accuracy, simplicity and cost must all be balanced. Digital Imaging Correlation (DIC) is a technique which may prove to be ideally suited for the study of crack propagation and material deformation in real-world applications, as it has the potential to become a cheap, simple yet accurate solution. This is the motivation for perfecting the technique for researchers based at the UK's National Physical Laboratory (NPL). NPL is also expanding its use into challenging areas, such as enabling DIC to be used over a period of time without the need for a permanent set up, or in hard-to-reach areas via small unmanned helicopters carrying camera and relocation equipment. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702352 [article] Digital Image Correlation [texte imprimé] / Nick McCormick, Auteur ; Jerry Lord, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 52-54. Ingénierie Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials today > Vol. 13 N° 12 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 52-54 Mots-clés : Digital  image  Material  deformation  Crack  propagation Index. décimale : 620 Essais des matériaux. Matériaux commerciaux. Station génératrice d'énergie. Economie de l'énergie Résumé : Strain and displacement are critical parameters within engineering and construction projects. However, measuring these parameters outside of the lab requires a difficult choice between conventional techniques, as accuracy, simplicity and cost must all be balanced. Digital Imaging Correlation (DIC) is a technique which may prove to be ideally suited for the study of crack propagation and material deformation in real-world applications, as it has the potential to become a cheap, simple yet accurate solution. This is the motivation for perfecting the technique for researchers based at the UK's National Physical Laboratory (NPL). NPL is also expanding its use into challenging areas, such as enabling DIC to be used over a period of time without the need for a permanent set up, or in hard-to-reach areas via small unmanned helicopters carrying camera and relocation equipment. DEWEY : 620 ISSN : 1369-7021 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702110702352

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