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Vol. 51 N° 23 - Juin 2012 [texte imprimé] . - 2012 . - p. 7845-8148 : ill. ; 28 cm. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng)
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierThermally incompatible hazards of aqueous tert - butyl hydroperoxide with various acids/alkalis / Yih-Wen Wang in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012)
Titre : Thermally incompatible hazards of aqueous tert - butyl hydroperoxide with various acids/alkalis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yih-Wen Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7845-7852 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Hazard Résumé : Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a typical alkyl hydroperoxide for industrial applications and is used as a curing agent or free radical initiator for polymerization reactions in the petrochemical industry. Thermal instability associated with the thermal runaway evaluation of aqueous TBHP is hazardous during chemical processes or in storage. In this study, both differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vent sizing package 2 (VSP2) were used to characterize the thermally incompatible hazards and adiabatic runaway features of aqueous TBHP with various acids and alkalis. From the thermal analysis experiments, we integrated the enthalpy of energy-rich aqueous TBHP reacting with acids and alkalis to normalize various temperatures of the exothermic decomposition and heat production. Self-reactive ratings on incompatibly thermal hazards were characterized using various thermokinetic parameters of the adiabatic calorimetry method, such as the initial exothermic temperature (To), self-heating rate (dT/dt), pressure rise rate (dP/dt), and pressure-temperature profiles. Compared to aqueous TBHP reacting with different contaminants, the adiabatic runaway reaction via VSP2 indicated that TBHP was intrinsically incompatible with self-reactive behaviors. The characterization of the exothermic decomposition and incompatibility hazards of aqueous TBHP were evaluated using calorimetric methodology. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990297
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7845-7852[article] Thermally incompatible hazards of aqueous tert - butyl hydroperoxide with various acids/alkalis [texte imprimé] / Yih-Wen Wang, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7845-7852.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7845-7852
Mots-clés : Hazard Résumé : Tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is a typical alkyl hydroperoxide for industrial applications and is used as a curing agent or free radical initiator for polymerization reactions in the petrochemical industry. Thermal instability associated with the thermal runaway evaluation of aqueous TBHP is hazardous during chemical processes or in storage. In this study, both differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and vent sizing package 2 (VSP2) were used to characterize the thermally incompatible hazards and adiabatic runaway features of aqueous TBHP with various acids and alkalis. From the thermal analysis experiments, we integrated the enthalpy of energy-rich aqueous TBHP reacting with acids and alkalis to normalize various temperatures of the exothermic decomposition and heat production. Self-reactive ratings on incompatibly thermal hazards were characterized using various thermokinetic parameters of the adiabatic calorimetry method, such as the initial exothermic temperature (To), self-heating rate (dT/dt), pressure rise rate (dP/dt), and pressure-temperature profiles. Compared to aqueous TBHP reacting with different contaminants, the adiabatic runaway reaction via VSP2 indicated that TBHP was intrinsically incompatible with self-reactive behaviors. The characterization of the exothermic decomposition and incompatibility hazards of aqueous TBHP were evaluated using calorimetric methodology. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990297 Exemplaires
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Titre : Direct and highly efficient reduction of NiO into Ni with cellulose under hydrothermal conditions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Guodong Yao, Auteur ; Xu Zeng, Auteur ; Qiuju Li, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7853-7858 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Hydrothermal condition Résumé : A direct reduction of NiO into Ni was investigated by using cellulose as a reducing agent under mild hydrothermal conditions. The results showed that NiO can be reduced completely to Ni at 250 °C in the presence of NaOH. Meanwhile, cellulose was converted into value-added chemicals, such as lactic acid and acetic acid. A possible mechanism for reduction of NiO into Ni with cellulose under alkaline hydrothermal conditions was proposed. The method provides a comparative green and efficient conversion of NiO into Ni without an expensive and toxic reducing agent at low temperatures. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990298
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7853-7858[article] Direct and highly efficient reduction of NiO into Ni with cellulose under hydrothermal conditions [texte imprimé] / Guodong Yao, Auteur ; Xu Zeng, Auteur ; Qiuju Li, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7853-7858.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7853-7858
Mots-clés : Hydrothermal condition Résumé : A direct reduction of NiO into Ni was investigated by using cellulose as a reducing agent under mild hydrothermal conditions. The results showed that NiO can be reduced completely to Ni at 250 °C in the presence of NaOH. Meanwhile, cellulose was converted into value-added chemicals, such as lactic acid and acetic acid. A possible mechanism for reduction of NiO into Ni with cellulose under alkaline hydrothermal conditions was proposed. The method provides a comparative green and efficient conversion of NiO into Ni without an expensive and toxic reducing agent at low temperatures. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990298 Exemplaires
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Titre : Facile method for the synthesis of phosphomolybdic acid supported on zirconia – ceria mixed oxide and its catalytic evaluation in the solvent - free oxidation of benzyl alcohol Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sujata Mallick, Auteur ; Surjyakanta Rana, Auteur ; Kulamani Parida, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7859–7866 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Oxide Catalytic evaluation Résumé : A series of phosphomolybdic acid (5–20 wt % PMA) promoted zirconia–ceria (ZrO2–CeO2) mixed oxides were synthesized by an impregnation method and characterized by XRD, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, UV–vis DR spectroscopy, TPR/TPD, and 31P MAS NMR spectroscopy. NMR spectra revealed that the catalyst retained the Keggin structure of PMA even after calcination at 500 °C. The catalysts were screened for the solvent-free liquid-phase oxidation of benzyl alcohols using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent. The sample of 15 wt % PMA/ZrO2–CeO2 showed 85% conversion and 96% selectivity to the corresponding aldehydes. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2022724
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7859–7866[article] Facile method for the synthesis of phosphomolybdic acid supported on zirconia – ceria mixed oxide and its catalytic evaluation in the solvent - free oxidation of benzyl alcohol [texte imprimé] / Sujata Mallick, Auteur ; Surjyakanta Rana, Auteur ; Kulamani Parida, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7859–7866.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7859–7866
Mots-clés : Oxide Catalytic evaluation Résumé : A series of phosphomolybdic acid (5–20 wt % PMA) promoted zirconia–ceria (ZrO2–CeO2) mixed oxides were synthesized by an impregnation method and characterized by XRD, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, UV–vis DR spectroscopy, TPR/TPD, and 31P MAS NMR spectroscopy. NMR spectra revealed that the catalyst retained the Keggin structure of PMA even after calcination at 500 °C. The catalysts were screened for the solvent-free liquid-phase oxidation of benzyl alcohols using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent. The sample of 15 wt % PMA/ZrO2–CeO2 showed 85% conversion and 96% selectivity to the corresponding aldehydes. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2022724 Exemplaires
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Titre : Improvement of water -, sulfur dioxide -, and dust - resistance in selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 using a wire - mesh honeycomb catalyst Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yun Shu, Auteur ; Hong Sun, Auteur ; Xie Quan, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7867-7873 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Catalyst Honeycomb structure Wire Selective catalytic reduction Dust Sulfur dioxide Résumé : A novel V2O5/WO3/TiO2/Al2O3/wire-mesh honeycomb (WMH) catalyst was prepared for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. The resistances to H2O, SO2, and dust were investigated for the WMH catalyst, which were compared with those for ceramic honeycomb (CH) catalysts. The results showed that the WMH catalyst kept above 95% NOx conversion in the broad temperature window (250―425 °C) and provided nearly 92% NOx conversion during H2O and SO2 durability test, which might be attributed to the unique three-dimensional structure. Furthermore, the WMH catalyst could provide nearly 90% NOx conversion during 40 h dust exposure experiment owing to the little dust deposition of 2.9 g/m2, whereas the amount of dust deposited on the CH catalyst with the same cell density reached 6.7 g/m2, which resulted in a decrease of the NOx conversion from 72% to 58%. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990300
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7867-7873[article] Improvement of water -, sulfur dioxide -, and dust - resistance in selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 using a wire - mesh honeycomb catalyst [texte imprimé] / Yun Shu, Auteur ; Hong Sun, Auteur ; Xie Quan, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7867-7873.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7867-7873
Mots-clés : Catalyst Honeycomb structure Wire Selective catalytic reduction Dust Sulfur dioxide Résumé : A novel V2O5/WO3/TiO2/Al2O3/wire-mesh honeycomb (WMH) catalyst was prepared for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. The resistances to H2O, SO2, and dust were investigated for the WMH catalyst, which were compared with those for ceramic honeycomb (CH) catalysts. The results showed that the WMH catalyst kept above 95% NOx conversion in the broad temperature window (250―425 °C) and provided nearly 92% NOx conversion during H2O and SO2 durability test, which might be attributed to the unique three-dimensional structure. Furthermore, the WMH catalyst could provide nearly 90% NOx conversion during 40 h dust exposure experiment owing to the little dust deposition of 2.9 g/m2, whereas the amount of dust deposited on the CH catalyst with the same cell density reached 6.7 g/m2, which resulted in a decrease of the NOx conversion from 72% to 58%. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990300 Exemplaires
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Titre : Crystallization and agglomeration kinetics of hydromagnesite in the reactive system MgCl2–Na2CO3–NaOH–H2O Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Junfeng Wang, Auteur ; Zhibao Li, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7874–7883 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Kinetics Hydromagnesite Résumé : The reactive crystallization kinetics of hydromagnesite (4MgCO3·Mg(OH)2·4H2O) for the MgCl2–Na2CO3–NaOH–H2O system has been systematically investigated in a continuously operated mixed-suspension mixed-product removal (MSMPR) crystallizer for the first time. Determination of the effects of reactive temperature and OH– ion on magnesium carbonate hydrates in the above system was conducted through a batch crystallization experiment, and the crystallization temperature of 80 °C for the precipitation of regular spherical-like hydromagnesite was selected for the kinetics study. The relative supersaturation for hydromagnesite is obtained based on the activity coefficients calculated by the Pitzer model. The growth rate, nucleation rate, and agglomeration kernel are determined on the basis of the agglomeration population balance equation, and their kinetic equations are then correlated in terms of power law kinetic expressions. The orders of volume growth rate and linear growth rate with respect to the relative supersaturation are 1.55 and 0.95, respectively. The magma density has an important effect on the nucleation rate of hydromagnesite particles. However, the expression of β MT–0.39 for hydromagnesite agglomeration shows that the magma density has a negative effect on the agglomeration kernel. All of these will provide a basis for the design and analysis of industrial crystallizers. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie300213c
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7874–7883[article] Crystallization and agglomeration kinetics of hydromagnesite in the reactive system MgCl2–Na2CO3–NaOH–H2O [texte imprimé] / Junfeng Wang, Auteur ; Zhibao Li, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7874–7883.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7874–7883
Mots-clés : Kinetics Hydromagnesite Résumé : The reactive crystallization kinetics of hydromagnesite (4MgCO3·Mg(OH)2·4H2O) for the MgCl2–Na2CO3–NaOH–H2O system has been systematically investigated in a continuously operated mixed-suspension mixed-product removal (MSMPR) crystallizer for the first time. Determination of the effects of reactive temperature and OH– ion on magnesium carbonate hydrates in the above system was conducted through a batch crystallization experiment, and the crystallization temperature of 80 °C for the precipitation of regular spherical-like hydromagnesite was selected for the kinetics study. The relative supersaturation for hydromagnesite is obtained based on the activity coefficients calculated by the Pitzer model. The growth rate, nucleation rate, and agglomeration kernel are determined on the basis of the agglomeration population balance equation, and their kinetic equations are then correlated in terms of power law kinetic expressions. The orders of volume growth rate and linear growth rate with respect to the relative supersaturation are 1.55 and 0.95, respectively. The magma density has an important effect on the nucleation rate of hydromagnesite particles. However, the expression of β MT–0.39 for hydromagnesite agglomeration shows that the magma density has a negative effect on the agglomeration kernel. All of these will provide a basis for the design and analysis of industrial crystallizers. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie300213c Exemplaires
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Titre : The impact of metal oxides on the combustion behavior of ethylene – vinyl acetate coploymers containing an intumenscent flame retardant Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lei Wang, Auteur ; Wei, Yang, Auteur ; Bibo Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7884-7890 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Flame retardant Combustion Résumé : The objective of this work was to compare the flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA/IFR) composites containing different metal oxides including lanthanide oxide, iron oxide, the mixture of iron oxide and lanthanide oxide, and lanthanum ferrite nanocrystalline (LaFeO3). A novel compound containing iron and lanthanum, LaFeO3 was successfully prepared. The EVA/IFR composites with these different coadditives were then fabricated through a melt blending process. Thermogravimetric analysis data showed that these different coadditives could increase the char residue formation. Cone calorimeter results revealed that these different coadditives and IFR could dearly change the decomposition behavior of EVA and form a char layer on the surface of the composites, consequently resulting in efficient reduction of the flammability parameters, such as heat release rate, total heat release, average mass loss rate, average smoke extinction area, and so on. Moreover, significant improvements were obtained in limited oxygen index and Underwriters Laboratories 94 ratings. Among all of the samples, the fire risk of EVA/IFR/LaFeO3 system was the lowest. The residue characterization demonstrated that LaFeO3 could promote the formation of the homogeneous and compact intumescent char layer. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990302
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7884-7890[article] The impact of metal oxides on the combustion behavior of ethylene – vinyl acetate coploymers containing an intumenscent flame retardant [texte imprimé] / Lei Wang, Auteur ; Wei, Yang, Auteur ; Bibo Wang, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7884-7890.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7884-7890
Mots-clés : Flame retardant Combustion Résumé : The objective of this work was to compare the flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA/IFR) composites containing different metal oxides including lanthanide oxide, iron oxide, the mixture of iron oxide and lanthanide oxide, and lanthanum ferrite nanocrystalline (LaFeO3). A novel compound containing iron and lanthanum, LaFeO3 was successfully prepared. The EVA/IFR composites with these different coadditives were then fabricated through a melt blending process. Thermogravimetric analysis data showed that these different coadditives could increase the char residue formation. Cone calorimeter results revealed that these different coadditives and IFR could dearly change the decomposition behavior of EVA and form a char layer on the surface of the composites, consequently resulting in efficient reduction of the flammability parameters, such as heat release rate, total heat release, average mass loss rate, average smoke extinction area, and so on. Moreover, significant improvements were obtained in limited oxygen index and Underwriters Laboratories 94 ratings. Among all of the samples, the fire risk of EVA/IFR/LaFeO3 system was the lowest. The residue characterization demonstrated that LaFeO3 could promote the formation of the homogeneous and compact intumescent char layer. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990302 Exemplaires
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Titre : Homogeneous iron phosphate nanoparticles by combustion of sprays Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Thomas Rudin, Auteur ; Sotiris E. Pratsinis, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7891-7900 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Combustion Nanoparticle Résumé : Low-cost synthesis of iron phosphate nanostructured particles is attractive for large scale fortification of basic foods (rice, bread, etc.) as well as for Li-battery materials. This is achieved here by flame-assisted and flame spray pyrolysis (FASP and FSP) of inexpensive precursors (iron nitrate, phosphate), solvents (ethanol), and support gases (acetylene and methane). The iron phosphate powders produced here were mostly amorphous and exhibited excellent solubility in dilute acid, an indicator of relative iron bioavailability. The amorphous and crystalline fractions of such powders were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their cumulative size distribution by X-ray disk centrifuge. Fine and coarse size fractions were obtained also by sedimentation and characterized by microscopy and XRD. The coarse size fraction contained maghemite Fe2O3 while the fine was amorphous iron phosphate. Furthermore, the effect of increased production rate (up to 11 g/h) on product morphology and solubility was explored. Using increased methane flow rates through the ignition/pilot flame of the FSP-burner and inexpensive powder precursors resulted in also homogeneous iron phosphate nanoparticles essentially converting the FSP to a FASP process. The powders produced by FSP at increased methane flow had excellent solubility in dilute acid as well. Such use of methane or even natural gas might be economically attractive for large scale flame-synthesis of nanoparticles. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990303
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7891-7900[article] Homogeneous iron phosphate nanoparticles by combustion of sprays [texte imprimé] / Thomas Rudin, Auteur ; Sotiris E. Pratsinis, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7891-7900.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7891-7900
Mots-clés : Combustion Nanoparticle Résumé : Low-cost synthesis of iron phosphate nanostructured particles is attractive for large scale fortification of basic foods (rice, bread, etc.) as well as for Li-battery materials. This is achieved here by flame-assisted and flame spray pyrolysis (FASP and FSP) of inexpensive precursors (iron nitrate, phosphate), solvents (ethanol), and support gases (acetylene and methane). The iron phosphate powders produced here were mostly amorphous and exhibited excellent solubility in dilute acid, an indicator of relative iron bioavailability. The amorphous and crystalline fractions of such powders were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their cumulative size distribution by X-ray disk centrifuge. Fine and coarse size fractions were obtained also by sedimentation and characterized by microscopy and XRD. The coarse size fraction contained maghemite Fe2O3 while the fine was amorphous iron phosphate. Furthermore, the effect of increased production rate (up to 11 g/h) on product morphology and solubility was explored. Using increased methane flow rates through the ignition/pilot flame of the FSP-burner and inexpensive powder precursors resulted in also homogeneous iron phosphate nanoparticles essentially converting the FSP to a FASP process. The powders produced by FSP at increased methane flow had excellent solubility in dilute acid as well. Such use of methane or even natural gas might be economically attractive for large scale flame-synthesis of nanoparticles. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990303 Exemplaires
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Titre : Preparation and CO2 sorption/desorption of N - (3 - aminopropyl) aminoethyl tributylphosphonium amino acid salt ionic liquids supported into porous silica particles Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jie Ren, Auteur ; Linbo Wu, Auteur ; Bo-Geng Li, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7901–7909 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ionic liquids Porous silica Résumé : To search for robust CO2 capture materials, several N-(3-aminopropyl)aminoethyl tributylphosphonium amino acid salts ([apaeP444][AA])-type task specific ionic liquids (TSILs) were synthesized and immobilized into porous silica support through a facile impregnation–vaporization method. The ILs and thus prepared sorbents, Sorb-AA, were well characterized, and their CO2 sorption and desorption behaviors under temperature- and vacuum-swing conditions were investigated. The ILs can be immobilized facilely into silica up to 1/1 IL/SiO2 weight ratio. After IL loading, the sorbents retain reasonably high specific surface area and porosity and therefore exhibit rapid sorption and desorption rates as well as excellent sorption capacity and selectivity and can be used repeatedly. Among them, Sorb-Lys has the highest CO2 sorption capacity. It can capture 1.54 mmol or 67.9 mg CO2 per gram sorbent from a simulated flue gas containing 14% CO2 in each cycle of sorption and desorption. Sorb-Gly has slightly less CO2 sorption capacity, 1.37 mmol or 60.4 mg CO2 per gram sorbent from the simulated flue gas, and much better long-term durability. It is estimated that it can retain 90% sorption capacity even after 1.38 × 103 cycles. These robust sorbents, especially Sorb-Gly, exhibit excellent potential in CO2 capture applications. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2028415
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7901–7909[article] Preparation and CO2 sorption/desorption of N - (3 - aminopropyl) aminoethyl tributylphosphonium amino acid salt ionic liquids supported into porous silica particles [texte imprimé] / Jie Ren, Auteur ; Linbo Wu, Auteur ; Bo-Geng Li, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7901–7909.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7901–7909
Mots-clés : Ionic liquids Porous silica Résumé : To search for robust CO2 capture materials, several N-(3-aminopropyl)aminoethyl tributylphosphonium amino acid salts ([apaeP444][AA])-type task specific ionic liquids (TSILs) were synthesized and immobilized into porous silica support through a facile impregnation–vaporization method. The ILs and thus prepared sorbents, Sorb-AA, were well characterized, and their CO2 sorption and desorption behaviors under temperature- and vacuum-swing conditions were investigated. The ILs can be immobilized facilely into silica up to 1/1 IL/SiO2 weight ratio. After IL loading, the sorbents retain reasonably high specific surface area and porosity and therefore exhibit rapid sorption and desorption rates as well as excellent sorption capacity and selectivity and can be used repeatedly. Among them, Sorb-Lys has the highest CO2 sorption capacity. It can capture 1.54 mmol or 67.9 mg CO2 per gram sorbent from a simulated flue gas containing 14% CO2 in each cycle of sorption and desorption. Sorb-Gly has slightly less CO2 sorption capacity, 1.37 mmol or 60.4 mg CO2 per gram sorbent from the simulated flue gas, and much better long-term durability. It is estimated that it can retain 90% sorption capacity even after 1.38 × 103 cycles. These robust sorbents, especially Sorb-Gly, exhibit excellent potential in CO2 capture applications. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2028415 Exemplaires
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Titre : Chemical and physical interactions of 1 - benzoyl - 3,3 - disubstituted thiourea derivatives on mild steel surface : Corrosion inhibition in acidic media Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mayakrishnan Gopiraman, Auteur ; Nagamani Selvakumaran, Auteur ; Devarayan Kesavan, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7910-7922 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Corrosion inhibition Mild steel Résumé : 1-Benzoyl-3,3-diphenylthiourea (1), 1-benzoyl-3,3-dibenzylthiourea (2), 1-benzoyl-3,3-diethylthiourea (3), 1-benzoyl-3,3-dibutylthiourea (4), 1-benzoyl-3,3-bis(2-methylpropyl)thiourea (5), and 1-benzoyl-3,3-bis(propan-2-yl)thiourea (6) were synthesized and investigated as inhibitors for the corrosion of the surface of mild steel in 1.0 M HCl by chemical and electrochemical measurements. The inhibition efficiencies obtained from different methods were in good agreement with each other. Inhibitor 2 showed a higher inhibition efficiency according to all of the methods. The Tafel polarization method revealed the mixed-mode inhibition of inhibitors with predominant control of the anodic reaction. At all studied temperatures, the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules onto the steel surface was found to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The values of the Gibbs free energy of adsorption strongly supported spontaneous chemical and/or physical adsorption of inhibitor molecules. The adsorption mechanism for inhibition was supported by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman, and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDS) spectroscopic methods, and adsorption isotherm measurements. The crystalline/amorphous nature of the inhibitors adsorbed onto the mild steel surface was indicated by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990305
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7910-7922[article] Chemical and physical interactions of 1 - benzoyl - 3,3 - disubstituted thiourea derivatives on mild steel surface : Corrosion inhibition in acidic media [texte imprimé] / Mayakrishnan Gopiraman, Auteur ; Nagamani Selvakumaran, Auteur ; Devarayan Kesavan, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7910-7922.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7910-7922
Mots-clés : Corrosion inhibition Mild steel Résumé : 1-Benzoyl-3,3-diphenylthiourea (1), 1-benzoyl-3,3-dibenzylthiourea (2), 1-benzoyl-3,3-diethylthiourea (3), 1-benzoyl-3,3-dibutylthiourea (4), 1-benzoyl-3,3-bis(2-methylpropyl)thiourea (5), and 1-benzoyl-3,3-bis(propan-2-yl)thiourea (6) were synthesized and investigated as inhibitors for the corrosion of the surface of mild steel in 1.0 M HCl by chemical and electrochemical measurements. The inhibition efficiencies obtained from different methods were in good agreement with each other. Inhibitor 2 showed a higher inhibition efficiency according to all of the methods. The Tafel polarization method revealed the mixed-mode inhibition of inhibitors with predominant control of the anodic reaction. At all studied temperatures, the adsorption of the inhibitor molecules onto the steel surface was found to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The values of the Gibbs free energy of adsorption strongly supported spontaneous chemical and/or physical adsorption of inhibitor molecules. The adsorption mechanism for inhibition was supported by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman, and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDS) spectroscopic methods, and adsorption isotherm measurements. The crystalline/amorphous nature of the inhibitors adsorbed onto the mild steel surface was indicated by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analysis. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990305 Exemplaires
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Titre : Facile synthesis and electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 /C composites using Fe – P waste slag Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hanchang Kang, Auteur ; Guixin Wang, Auteur ; Heyi Guo, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7923-7931 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Slag Composite material Résumé : A facile synthesis route has been developed to prepare LiFePO4/C composites by using Fe—P waste slag from the industrial production of yellow phosphorus. The processes included reclaiming Fe and P in the form of a ferroalloy, preheating the Fe―P with lithium salts, and complementary phosphorus source in air to produce a precursor, and calcining the precursor with glucose in Ar to obtain the products. The reaction process and electrochemical performance were investigated with various techniques. LiFePO4/C with 5.9 wt % carbon exhibits enhanced power capability, low polarization, high reaction activity and reversibility. The discharge capacities are 150, 147, 131, 124, 112, and 93 mAh/g at different current rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 C, respectively. The recovery rate at 0.1 C is 98.9% after 130 cycles at the given rates. The results are comparable to that of the LiFePO4/C prepared using FePO4 or other Fe salts, which indicates the applicability of the novel simple way put forward in this work to convert industrial waste into energy materials for scaling up based on low cost. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990306
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7923-7931[article] Facile synthesis and electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 /C composites using Fe – P waste slag [texte imprimé] / Hanchang Kang, Auteur ; Guixin Wang, Auteur ; Heyi Guo, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7923-7931.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7923-7931
Mots-clés : Slag Composite material Résumé : A facile synthesis route has been developed to prepare LiFePO4/C composites by using Fe—P waste slag from the industrial production of yellow phosphorus. The processes included reclaiming Fe and P in the form of a ferroalloy, preheating the Fe―P with lithium salts, and complementary phosphorus source in air to produce a precursor, and calcining the precursor with glucose in Ar to obtain the products. The reaction process and electrochemical performance were investigated with various techniques. LiFePO4/C with 5.9 wt % carbon exhibits enhanced power capability, low polarization, high reaction activity and reversibility. The discharge capacities are 150, 147, 131, 124, 112, and 93 mAh/g at different current rates of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 C, respectively. The recovery rate at 0.1 C is 98.9% after 130 cycles at the given rates. The results are comparable to that of the LiFePO4/C prepared using FePO4 or other Fe salts, which indicates the applicability of the novel simple way put forward in this work to convert industrial waste into energy materials for scaling up based on low cost. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990306 Exemplaires
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Titre : Electroless Ni – W – P coating and its nano - WS2 composite : Preparation and properties Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : S. Ranganatha, Auteur ; T.V. Venkatesha, Auteur ; K. Vathsala, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7932-7940 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Preparation Composite material Résumé : The ternary alloy Ni―W―P and its WS2 nanocomposite coatings were successfully obtained on low-carbon steel using the electroless plating technique. The sodium tungstate (Na2WO4) concentration in the bath was varied to obtain Ni-W-P deposits containing various Ni and P contents. WS2 composite was obtained with a suitable concentration of Na2WO4 in Ni―P coating. These deposits were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) studies. The corrosion behavior was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies in 3.5 wt % NaCl solutions, and the corrosion rates of the coatings for Ni-P, Ni-W-P, and Ni―W―P―WS2 were found to be 2.571 × 10―5, 8.219 × 10―7, and 7.986 × 10―7 g/h, respectively. An increase in the codeposition of alloying metal tungsten (W) enhanced the corrosion resistance and microhardness and changed the structure and morphology of the deposits. Incorporation of WS2 nanoparticles to Ni―W―P alloy coating reduced the coefficient of friction from 0.16 to 0.11 and also helped in improving the corrosion resistance of the coating further. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990307
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7932-7940[article] Electroless Ni – W – P coating and its nano - WS2 composite : Preparation and properties [texte imprimé] / S. Ranganatha, Auteur ; T.V. Venkatesha, Auteur ; K. Vathsala, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7932-7940.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7932-7940
Mots-clés : Preparation Composite material Résumé : The ternary alloy Ni―W―P and its WS2 nanocomposite coatings were successfully obtained on low-carbon steel using the electroless plating technique. The sodium tungstate (Na2WO4) concentration in the bath was varied to obtain Ni-W-P deposits containing various Ni and P contents. WS2 composite was obtained with a suitable concentration of Na2WO4 in Ni―P coating. These deposits were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) studies. The corrosion behavior was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies in 3.5 wt % NaCl solutions, and the corrosion rates of the coatings for Ni-P, Ni-W-P, and Ni―W―P―WS2 were found to be 2.571 × 10―5, 8.219 × 10―7, and 7.986 × 10―7 g/h, respectively. An increase in the codeposition of alloying metal tungsten (W) enhanced the corrosion resistance and microhardness and changed the structure and morphology of the deposits. Incorporation of WS2 nanoparticles to Ni―W―P alloy coating reduced the coefficient of friction from 0.16 to 0.11 and also helped in improving the corrosion resistance of the coating further. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990307 Exemplaires
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Titre : Preparation and characterization of plasticized starch / carbon black - oxide nanocomposites Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dayan Qian, Auteur ; Peter R. Chang, Auteur ; Pengwu Zheng, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7941–7947 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : The carbon black-oxide (CBO) particles were prepared by oxidizing carbon black (CB) in a modified Hummer’s method to improve the dispersion of CBO in water. The carboxylic acid, epoxide groups, and hydroxyl groups were formed in the resulting golden CBO particles, which in the size of about 30–50 nm were smaller than CB particles. And the dispersion of CBO particles was so good in distilled water that CBO particles in aqueous solution followed the Lambert–Beer’s law well. The nanocomposites were also prepared using CBO or CB particles as the fillers in glycerol-plasticized starch (GPS) matrix by the casting process. CBO fillers had good dispersion in GPS matrix and exhibited an obvious reinforcing effect. Both tensile strength and Youngs modulous of GPS/CBO composites were higher than GPS/CB composites. In views of the values of water vapor permeability (WVP), GPS/CBO composites exhibited better water resistance than GPS/CB composites. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3001666
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7941–7947[article] Preparation and characterization of plasticized starch / carbon black - oxide nanocomposites [texte imprimé] / Dayan Qian, Auteur ; Peter R. Chang, Auteur ; Pengwu Zheng, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7941–7947.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7941–7947
Résumé : The carbon black-oxide (CBO) particles were prepared by oxidizing carbon black (CB) in a modified Hummer’s method to improve the dispersion of CBO in water. The carboxylic acid, epoxide groups, and hydroxyl groups were formed in the resulting golden CBO particles, which in the size of about 30–50 nm were smaller than CB particles. And the dispersion of CBO particles was so good in distilled water that CBO particles in aqueous solution followed the Lambert–Beer’s law well. The nanocomposites were also prepared using CBO or CB particles as the fillers in glycerol-plasticized starch (GPS) matrix by the casting process. CBO fillers had good dispersion in GPS matrix and exhibited an obvious reinforcing effect. Both tensile strength and Youngs modulous of GPS/CBO composites were higher than GPS/CB composites. In views of the values of water vapor permeability (WVP), GPS/CBO composites exhibited better water resistance than GPS/CB composites. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3001666 Exemplaires
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Titre : Comparative studies on structural, optical, and textural properties of combustion derived ZnO prepared using various fuels and their photocatalytic activity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Parameswara Rao Potti, Auteur ; Vimal Chandra Srivastava, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7948-7956 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Photocatalysis Fuel Combustion Comparative study Résumé : Pure mesoporous nanosized ZnO samples have been synthesized by combustion synthesis method using different type of fuels such as citric acid, dextrose, glycine, oxalyl dihydrazide, oxalic acid, and urea. All these samples were found to have the standard hexagonal wurtzite structure with the lattice constants a and c having values 3.25 Å and 5.21 A, respectively. The diffuse reflectance spectra of the prepared samples have shown the maximum absorption of light in the UV region stating that these catalysts can be used as photocatalysts. The BET surface area measurements of the prepared catalysts were found to vary according to the equivalence ratio. The presence of pronounced hysteresis in N2 adsorption―desorption isotherm curves indicated the three-dimensional network arrangement of pores in the ZnO samples prepared using dextrose and urea as fuels. The photodegradation ability of the various synthesized photocatalysts was tested for the photodegradation of an azo dye, namely, orange G dye solution. ZnO photocatalyst prepared using oxalic acid as fuel showed the highest decolorization and degradation ability under UV light irradiation. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990309
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7948-7956[article] Comparative studies on structural, optical, and textural properties of combustion derived ZnO prepared using various fuels and their photocatalytic activity [texte imprimé] / Parameswara Rao Potti, Auteur ; Vimal Chandra Srivastava, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7948-7956.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7948-7956
Mots-clés : Photocatalysis Fuel Combustion Comparative study Résumé : Pure mesoporous nanosized ZnO samples have been synthesized by combustion synthesis method using different type of fuels such as citric acid, dextrose, glycine, oxalyl dihydrazide, oxalic acid, and urea. All these samples were found to have the standard hexagonal wurtzite structure with the lattice constants a and c having values 3.25 Å and 5.21 A, respectively. The diffuse reflectance spectra of the prepared samples have shown the maximum absorption of light in the UV region stating that these catalysts can be used as photocatalysts. The BET surface area measurements of the prepared catalysts were found to vary according to the equivalence ratio. The presence of pronounced hysteresis in N2 adsorption―desorption isotherm curves indicated the three-dimensional network arrangement of pores in the ZnO samples prepared using dextrose and urea as fuels. The photodegradation ability of the various synthesized photocatalysts was tested for the photodegradation of an azo dye, namely, orange G dye solution. ZnO photocatalyst prepared using oxalic acid as fuel showed the highest decolorization and degradation ability under UV light irradiation. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990309 Exemplaires
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Titre : Quantum - chemistry study of asphalt oxidative aging : An XPS - aided analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tongyan Pan, Auteur ; Yang Lu, Auteur ; Stephen Lloyd, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7957-7966 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Oxidation Résumé : Asphalt derived from crude oil (or petroleum) is an important base organic material for many industrial purposes. Oxidative hardening occurs throughout the service life of asphalt materials, which could significantly change the desired physicochemical properties. The study of asphalt oxidative hardening has thus far been focused on the changes in the physical properties, mainly the viscosity and ductility of bulk asphalt. Such phenomenological approaches meet the direct engineering needs, however do not help understand the fundamental physicochemical mechanisms of asphalt hardening. From this standpoint, this paper aims at exploring the chemical basis of asphalt oxidative hardening by establishing an ab initio quantum chemistry (QC) based physicochemical environment, in which the possible chemical reactions between asphalt ingredients and oxygen, as well as the incurred changes in their physical behavior, can be readily studied. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to validate the bulk asphalt model, of which the results showed high agreement to the model predictions, and thereby prove the validity of the QC-based models developed for studying the oxidative behavior of general asphalt materials. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990310
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7957-7966[article] Quantum - chemistry study of asphalt oxidative aging : An XPS - aided analysis [texte imprimé] / Tongyan Pan, Auteur ; Yang Lu, Auteur ; Stephen Lloyd, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7957-7966.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7957-7966
Mots-clés : Oxidation Résumé : Asphalt derived from crude oil (or petroleum) is an important base organic material for many industrial purposes. Oxidative hardening occurs throughout the service life of asphalt materials, which could significantly change the desired physicochemical properties. The study of asphalt oxidative hardening has thus far been focused on the changes in the physical properties, mainly the viscosity and ductility of bulk asphalt. Such phenomenological approaches meet the direct engineering needs, however do not help understand the fundamental physicochemical mechanisms of asphalt hardening. From this standpoint, this paper aims at exploring the chemical basis of asphalt oxidative hardening by establishing an ab initio quantum chemistry (QC) based physicochemical environment, in which the possible chemical reactions between asphalt ingredients and oxygen, as well as the incurred changes in their physical behavior, can be readily studied. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to validate the bulk asphalt model, of which the results showed high agreement to the model predictions, and thereby prove the validity of the QC-based models developed for studying the oxidative behavior of general asphalt materials. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990310 Exemplaires
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Titre : Heuristic approach to incorporate timesharing schemes in multiperiod heat exchanger network designs Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Efrat Sadeli, Auteur ; Chuei-Tin Chang, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7967-7987 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Design Heat exchanger Meshed network Heuristic approach Résumé : Heat exchanger network (HEN) synthesis has been widely recognized as an effective design method for significant energy saving in industrial processes. Although traditionally its sole objective is to minimize the total annual cost, there are additional implementation issues which must be addressed in realistic multiperiod applications. In particular, if a conventional programming-based procedure is adopted for generating the optimal HEN structure, each embedded match inevitably calls for different heat-transfer areas in different periods. Since the usual practice is to select the largest unit, its operation in one (or more) period may be grossly inefficient because the corresponding overdesign level is simply too high. To circumvent this drawback, a modified mathematical model and a set of timesharing heuristics have been developed in this work to generate practical network configurations that can handle all heat duties. On the basis of the extensive case studies performed so far, it can be observed that this proposed approach is especially effective for multiperiod HEN design problems in which the process conditions vary significantly. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990311
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7967-7987[article] Heuristic approach to incorporate timesharing schemes in multiperiod heat exchanger network designs [texte imprimé] / Efrat Sadeli, Auteur ; Chuei-Tin Chang, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7967-7987.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7967-7987
Mots-clés : Design Heat exchanger Meshed network Heuristic approach Résumé : Heat exchanger network (HEN) synthesis has been widely recognized as an effective design method for significant energy saving in industrial processes. Although traditionally its sole objective is to minimize the total annual cost, there are additional implementation issues which must be addressed in realistic multiperiod applications. In particular, if a conventional programming-based procedure is adopted for generating the optimal HEN structure, each embedded match inevitably calls for different heat-transfer areas in different periods. Since the usual practice is to select the largest unit, its operation in one (or more) period may be grossly inefficient because the corresponding overdesign level is simply too high. To circumvent this drawback, a modified mathematical model and a set of timesharing heuristics have been developed in this work to generate practical network configurations that can handle all heat duties. On the basis of the extensive case studies performed so far, it can be observed that this proposed approach is especially effective for multiperiod HEN design problems in which the process conditions vary significantly. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990311 Exemplaires
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Titre : A multiple - compartment ion - transport - membrane reactive oxygen separator Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : N. D. Mancini, Auteur ; S. Gunasekaran, Auteur ; A. Mitsos, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7988–7997 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ion Transport membrane Résumé : Oxy-combustion using an integrated oxygen ion-transport membrane (ITM) could substantially improve the thermodynamic performance of power plants with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). In a reactive ITM, fuel is burned inside the unit to enhance the oxygen partial pressure driving force, thus reducing the reactor membrane material required, compared to nonreactive ITM applications. The multiple-compartment reactive ion-transport membrane (MCRI) concept proposed herein mitigates key drawbacks of the reactive ITM and improves the performance by dividing the overall ITM into stages with individual input streams in a serial arrangement. This arrangement enables more-effective thermal management of the ITM and, thus, higher average oxygen permeation flux. Consequently, the pressure drop and size (volume/surface area) are significantly reduced, compared to conventional reactive ITM designs. The MCRI is modeled and simulated in ASPEN Plus, using multiple instances of an intermediate-fidelity ITM model that captures all relevant physical processes. The simulation results indicate that a power cycle using an integrated MCRI could significantly improve the economic viability of oxy-combustion CCS power plants. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie202433g
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7988–7997[article] A multiple - compartment ion - transport - membrane reactive oxygen separator [texte imprimé] / N. D. Mancini, Auteur ; S. Gunasekaran, Auteur ; A. Mitsos, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7988–7997.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7988–7997
Mots-clés : Ion Transport membrane Résumé : Oxy-combustion using an integrated oxygen ion-transport membrane (ITM) could substantially improve the thermodynamic performance of power plants with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). In a reactive ITM, fuel is burned inside the unit to enhance the oxygen partial pressure driving force, thus reducing the reactor membrane material required, compared to nonreactive ITM applications. The multiple-compartment reactive ion-transport membrane (MCRI) concept proposed herein mitigates key drawbacks of the reactive ITM and improves the performance by dividing the overall ITM into stages with individual input streams in a serial arrangement. This arrangement enables more-effective thermal management of the ITM and, thus, higher average oxygen permeation flux. Consequently, the pressure drop and size (volume/surface area) are significantly reduced, compared to conventional reactive ITM designs. The MCRI is modeled and simulated in ASPEN Plus, using multiple instances of an intermediate-fidelity ITM model that captures all relevant physical processes. The simulation results indicate that a power cycle using an integrated MCRI could significantly improve the economic viability of oxy-combustion CCS power plants. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie202433g Exemplaires
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Titre : Simultaneous optimization and heat integration for biodiesel production from cooking oil and algae Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mariano Martin, Auteur ; Ignacio E. Grossmann, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7998–8014 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Optimization Biodiesel Résumé : In this article, we address the optimal production of second-generation biodiesel using waste cooking oil and algae oil. We consider five different technologies for the transesterification of the oil (homogeneous acid- or alkali-catalyzed, heterogeneous basic-catalyzed, enzymatic, and supercritical uncatalyzed). We formulate the problem as an MINLP problem where the models for each of the reactors are based on surface response methodology to capture the effects of the variables on the yield. The aim is to perform simultaneous optimization and heat integration for the production of biodiesel from each of the different oil sources in terms of the technology to use and the operating conditions to apply. Furthermore, a process network is designed to minimize the freshwater consumption. The optimal conditions in the reactors differ from those traditionally used because the separation tasks are taken into account in this work. For algae oil, the optimal process employs alkali as the catalyst and has a production cost of 0.42$/gal, an energy consumption of 1.94 MJ/gal, and a freshwater consumption of 0.60 galwater/galethanol. For cooking oil, the optimal process is the one with the heterogeneous catalyst and has a production cost and energy and water consumption of $0.66/gal, 1.94 MJ/gal, and 0.33 galwater/galethanol, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2024596
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7998–8014[article] Simultaneous optimization and heat integration for biodiesel production from cooking oil and algae [texte imprimé] / Mariano Martin, Auteur ; Ignacio E. Grossmann, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7998–8014.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7998–8014
Mots-clés : Optimization Biodiesel Résumé : In this article, we address the optimal production of second-generation biodiesel using waste cooking oil and algae oil. We consider five different technologies for the transesterification of the oil (homogeneous acid- or alkali-catalyzed, heterogeneous basic-catalyzed, enzymatic, and supercritical uncatalyzed). We formulate the problem as an MINLP problem where the models for each of the reactors are based on surface response methodology to capture the effects of the variables on the yield. The aim is to perform simultaneous optimization and heat integration for the production of biodiesel from each of the different oil sources in terms of the technology to use and the operating conditions to apply. Furthermore, a process network is designed to minimize the freshwater consumption. The optimal conditions in the reactors differ from those traditionally used because the separation tasks are taken into account in this work. For algae oil, the optimal process employs alkali as the catalyst and has a production cost of 0.42$/gal, an energy consumption of 1.94 MJ/gal, and a freshwater consumption of 0.60 galwater/galethanol. For cooking oil, the optimal process is the one with the heterogeneous catalyst and has a production cost and energy and water consumption of $0.66/gal, 1.94 MJ/gal, and 0.33 galwater/galethanol, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2024596 Exemplaires
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Titre : A rigorous targeting to minimize resource requirement in batch processes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nitin Dutt Chaturvedi, Auteur ; Santanu Bandyopadhyay, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8015-8024 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Batchwise Résumé : Mathematically rigorous methodologies to target the minimum resource requirement for a batch process are proposed in this paper. The proposed methodologies guarantee the minimum resource requirement for single as well as cyclic batch operations. The methodologies are applicable to both semicontinuous and truly batch processes. Based on the rigorous mathematical arguments, it has been proved that, for a single batch operation, targeting through sequential transfer of waste from one time interval to the next time interval always leads to the overall minimum resource requirement. On the other hand, for a cyclic batch process all the time intervals may be collapsed as a single interval and the minimum resource requirement can be targeted directly. The proposed methodology is applicable to any fixed flow rate and fixed scheduled batch process involving a single quality. The applicability of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through illustrative examples. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990314
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8015-8024[article] A rigorous targeting to minimize resource requirement in batch processes [texte imprimé] / Nitin Dutt Chaturvedi, Auteur ; Santanu Bandyopadhyay, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8015-8024.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8015-8024
Mots-clés : Batchwise Résumé : Mathematically rigorous methodologies to target the minimum resource requirement for a batch process are proposed in this paper. The proposed methodologies guarantee the minimum resource requirement for single as well as cyclic batch operations. The methodologies are applicable to both semicontinuous and truly batch processes. Based on the rigorous mathematical arguments, it has been proved that, for a single batch operation, targeting through sequential transfer of waste from one time interval to the next time interval always leads to the overall minimum resource requirement. On the other hand, for a cyclic batch process all the time intervals may be collapsed as a single interval and the minimum resource requirement can be targeted directly. The proposed methodology is applicable to any fixed flow rate and fixed scheduled batch process involving a single quality. The applicability of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through illustrative examples. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990314 Exemplaires
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Titre : Localized, adaptive recursive partial least squares regression for dynamic system modeling Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wangdong Ni, Auteur ; Soon Keat Tan, Auteur ; Wun Jern Ng, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8025-8039 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Modeling Partial least squares Résumé : A localized and adaptive recursive partial least squares algorithm (LARPLS), based on the local learning framework, is presented in this paper. The algorithm is used to address, among other issues in the recursive partial least-squares (RPLS) regression algorithm, the "forgetting factor" and sensitivity of variable scaling. Two levels of local adaptation, namely, (1) local model adaptation and (2) local time regions adaptation, and three adaptive strategies, (a) means and variances adaptation, (b) adaptive forgetting factor, and (c) adaptive extraction of local time regions, are provided using the LARPLS algorithm. Compared to RPLS, the LARPLS model is proven to be more adaptive in the face of process change, maintaining superior predictive performance, as demonstrated in the modeling of three different types of processes. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990315
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8025-8039[article] Localized, adaptive recursive partial least squares regression for dynamic system modeling [texte imprimé] / Wangdong Ni, Auteur ; Soon Keat Tan, Auteur ; Wun Jern Ng, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8025-8039.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8025-8039
Mots-clés : Modeling Partial least squares Résumé : A localized and adaptive recursive partial least squares algorithm (LARPLS), based on the local learning framework, is presented in this paper. The algorithm is used to address, among other issues in the recursive partial least-squares (RPLS) regression algorithm, the "forgetting factor" and sensitivity of variable scaling. Two levels of local adaptation, namely, (1) local model adaptation and (2) local time regions adaptation, and three adaptive strategies, (a) means and variances adaptation, (b) adaptive forgetting factor, and (c) adaptive extraction of local time regions, are provided using the LARPLS algorithm. Compared to RPLS, the LARPLS model is proven to be more adaptive in the face of process change, maintaining superior predictive performance, as demonstrated in the modeling of three different types of processes. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990315 Exemplaires
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Titre : Defluoridation of drinking water and rainwater harvesting using a solar still Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : L. Anjaneyulu, Auteur ; E. Arun Kumar, Auteur ; Ravi Sankannavar, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8040–8048 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Defluoridation Water Résumé : When people drink water having a fluoride (F–) concentration >1–1.5 mg/L for a long period of time, various ailments that are collectively referred to as fluorosis occur. Based on the design of Thomas (http://www.planetkerala.org), an inclined basin-type solar still containing sand and water has been used at Bangalore for defluoridation. For water samples having a fluoride concentration in the range 5–20 mg/L, the fluoride concentration in the distillate was usually ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie201692q
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8040–8048[article] Defluoridation of drinking water and rainwater harvesting using a solar still [texte imprimé] / L. Anjaneyulu, Auteur ; E. Arun Kumar, Auteur ; Ravi Sankannavar, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8040–8048.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8040–8048
Mots-clés : Defluoridation Water Résumé : When people drink water having a fluoride (F–) concentration >1–1.5 mg/L for a long period of time, various ailments that are collectively referred to as fluorosis occur. Based on the design of Thomas (http://www.planetkerala.org), an inclined basin-type solar still containing sand and water has been used at Bangalore for defluoridation. For water samples having a fluoride concentration in the range 5–20 mg/L, the fluoride concentration in the distillate was usually ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie201692q Exemplaires
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Titre : Pressure drop and liquid distribution in a venturi scrubber : Experimental data and CFD simulation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vadila G. Guerra, Auteur ; Rodrigo Béttega, Auteur ; José A. S. Gonçalves, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8049-8060 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Computational fluid dynamics Venturi scrubber Hydrodynamics Pressure drop Résumé : Venturi scrubbers are widely used to control industrial emissions, because of their high efficiency in the removal of particles from gases. To correctly size and design these equipments, detailed information on the fluid dynamics is very important. The purpose of this article is to study, both experimentally and through CFD simulations, the fluid dynamics of the gas and liquid phases in the core of the throat of a rectangular Venturi scrubber under different experimental conditions. The variables studied were the pressure and the volumetric fraction of each phase. The standard κ―ε turbulence model and the volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase model, as implemented in the ANSYS Fluent 12.0 software, were employed. Liquid distribution inside the throat of the Venturi was studied experimentally, using optical imaging techniques. The results indicate that the model and numerical procedures were able to describe both the pressure drop profile and the liquid jet formation and trajectory successfully. The results suggest that, for the same gas and liquid flow rates, the number of liquid injection orifices does not affect the pressure drop, but affects significantly the liquid fraction distribution profile inside the equipment. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990317
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8049-8060[article] Pressure drop and liquid distribution in a venturi scrubber : Experimental data and CFD simulation [texte imprimé] / Vadila G. Guerra, Auteur ; Rodrigo Béttega, Auteur ; José A. S. Gonçalves, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8049-8060.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8049-8060
Mots-clés : Computational fluid dynamics Venturi scrubber Hydrodynamics Pressure drop Résumé : Venturi scrubbers are widely used to control industrial emissions, because of their high efficiency in the removal of particles from gases. To correctly size and design these equipments, detailed information on the fluid dynamics is very important. The purpose of this article is to study, both experimentally and through CFD simulations, the fluid dynamics of the gas and liquid phases in the core of the throat of a rectangular Venturi scrubber under different experimental conditions. The variables studied were the pressure and the volumetric fraction of each phase. The standard κ―ε turbulence model and the volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase model, as implemented in the ANSYS Fluent 12.0 software, were employed. Liquid distribution inside the throat of the Venturi was studied experimentally, using optical imaging techniques. The results indicate that the model and numerical procedures were able to describe both the pressure drop profile and the liquid jet formation and trajectory successfully. The results suggest that, for the same gas and liquid flow rates, the number of liquid injection orifices does not affect the pressure drop, but affects significantly the liquid fraction distribution profile inside the equipment. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990317 Exemplaires
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Titre : Free energy of transfer of a methylene group in biphasic systems of water and ionic liquids [C3mpip] [NTf2], [C3mpyrr] [NTf2], and [C4mpyrr] [NTf2] Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Filipa M. Maia, Auteur ; Oscar Rodriguez, Auteur ; Eugénia A. Macedo, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8061-8068 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermodynamic properties Ionic liquid Biphasic system Free energy Résumé : Three hydrophobic ionic liquids (ILs) based on the bis(txifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion were studied in terms of the relative hydrophobicity of the equilibrium phases. The ILs were 1-methyl-1-propylpiperidinium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C3mpip][NTf2]; 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, (C3mpyrr]-[NTf2j; and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C4mpyrr](NTf2]. In addition, the liquid-liquid phase diagrams were determined for two of the ILs, namely, [C3mpip][NTf2] and [C3mpyrr][NTf2]. The compositions of the equilibrium phases were obtained using a gravimetric technique in the temperature range from 278.15 to 343.15 K. The immiscibility gaps for these systems were found to be very large, with that for the system [C3mpip][NTf2] + water being slightly wider than that for the system [C3mpyrr][NTf2] + water. Partition coefficients for a series of dinitrophenylated (DNP) amino acids in the three systems at 296.15 K were experimentally determined. The DNP amino acids were found to distribute preferentially to the water-rich phase, and the partition was more extreme for the system with [C3mpip][NTf2]. The experimental partition coefficients decreased as the size of the alkyl side chain in the solutes increased. The relative hydrophobicity of the equilibrium phases was assessed by means of the free energy of transfer of a methylene group between the phases, ΔG(CH2), calculated from the partition coefficients of the series of solutes. It was found that the relative hydrophobicity between the phases follows the order [C4mpyrr][NTf2] > [C3mpip][NTf2] > [C3mpyrr][NTf2]. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990318
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8061-8068[article] Free energy of transfer of a methylene group in biphasic systems of water and ionic liquids [C3mpip] [NTf2], [C3mpyrr] [NTf2], and [C4mpyrr] [NTf2] [texte imprimé] / Filipa M. Maia, Auteur ; Oscar Rodriguez, Auteur ; Eugénia A. Macedo, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8061-8068.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8061-8068
Mots-clés : Thermodynamic properties Ionic liquid Biphasic system Free energy Résumé : Three hydrophobic ionic liquids (ILs) based on the bis(txifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion were studied in terms of the relative hydrophobicity of the equilibrium phases. The ILs were 1-methyl-1-propylpiperidinium bis-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C3mpip][NTf2]; 1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, (C3mpyrr]-[NTf2j; and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [C4mpyrr](NTf2]. In addition, the liquid-liquid phase diagrams were determined for two of the ILs, namely, [C3mpip][NTf2] and [C3mpyrr][NTf2]. The compositions of the equilibrium phases were obtained using a gravimetric technique in the temperature range from 278.15 to 343.15 K. The immiscibility gaps for these systems were found to be very large, with that for the system [C3mpip][NTf2] + water being slightly wider than that for the system [C3mpyrr][NTf2] + water. Partition coefficients for a series of dinitrophenylated (DNP) amino acids in the three systems at 296.15 K were experimentally determined. The DNP amino acids were found to distribute preferentially to the water-rich phase, and the partition was more extreme for the system with [C3mpip][NTf2]. The experimental partition coefficients decreased as the size of the alkyl side chain in the solutes increased. The relative hydrophobicity of the equilibrium phases was assessed by means of the free energy of transfer of a methylene group between the phases, ΔG(CH2), calculated from the partition coefficients of the series of solutes. It was found that the relative hydrophobicity between the phases follows the order [C4mpyrr][NTf2] > [C3mpip][NTf2] > [C3mpyrr][NTf2]. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990318 Exemplaires
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Titre : Comparison of the efficiency of amberlite IRA 478RF for acid, reactive, and direct dyes removal from aqueous media and wastewaters Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Monika Wawrzkiewicz, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8069–8078 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aqueous media Wastewaters Résumé : The acrylic anion exchange resin of the quaternary ammonium and tertiary amine functionalities (Amberlite IRA 478RF) was tested as the effective sorbent for the removal of anionic dyes of increasing molecular size. The sorption of Acid Orange 7 (AO7), Reactive Black 5 (RB5), and Direct Blue 71 (DB71) was investigated by the batch and column methods. Modeling of kinetic results showed that the sorption of DB71 dye was best described by the pseudo first-order Lagergren equation. The pseudo second-order kinetics was found to be closer to the experimental data in the systems containing 200 mg/L AO7 or RB5. The Langmuir monolayer capacities were found to be 1279.2, 150.5, and 41.8 mg/g for AO7, RB5, and DB71, respectively. The influence of electrolytes such as Na2SO4, Na2CO3, and NaCl on the anion exchanger loading was also investigated. Methanol addition to the 1 M HCl, 1 M NaOH, and 1 M KSCN solutions improved dye desorption. Purification of the acid and direct wastewaters by means of Amberlite IRA 478RF was effective; 97% and 69.5% reduction of color was obtained, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie300227f
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8069–8078[article] Comparison of the efficiency of amberlite IRA 478RF for acid, reactive, and direct dyes removal from aqueous media and wastewaters [texte imprimé] / Monika Wawrzkiewicz, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8069–8078.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8069–8078
Mots-clés : Aqueous media Wastewaters Résumé : The acrylic anion exchange resin of the quaternary ammonium and tertiary amine functionalities (Amberlite IRA 478RF) was tested as the effective sorbent for the removal of anionic dyes of increasing molecular size. The sorption of Acid Orange 7 (AO7), Reactive Black 5 (RB5), and Direct Blue 71 (DB71) was investigated by the batch and column methods. Modeling of kinetic results showed that the sorption of DB71 dye was best described by the pseudo first-order Lagergren equation. The pseudo second-order kinetics was found to be closer to the experimental data in the systems containing 200 mg/L AO7 or RB5. The Langmuir monolayer capacities were found to be 1279.2, 150.5, and 41.8 mg/g for AO7, RB5, and DB71, respectively. The influence of electrolytes such as Na2SO4, Na2CO3, and NaCl on the anion exchanger loading was also investigated. Methanol addition to the 1 M HCl, 1 M NaOH, and 1 M KSCN solutions improved dye desorption. Purification of the acid and direct wastewaters by means of Amberlite IRA 478RF was effective; 97% and 69.5% reduction of color was obtained, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie300227f Exemplaires
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Titre : Novel reactive distillation – pervaporation coupled process for ethyl acetate production with water removal from reboiler and acetic acid recycle Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Bida Lv, Auteur ; Gongping Liu, Auteur ; Xueliang Dong, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8079–8086 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Distillation Pervaporation Acetic acid Résumé : Ethyl acetate (EtAc) is an essential raw material widely used in the chemical industry. In this paper, a new reactive distillation (RD)–pervaporation (PV) coupled process for ethyl acetate (EtAc) production is proposed, in which the PV membrane is located in the bottom stream in order to selectively remove the water from the reboiler and recycle the acetic acid (HAc) into the feed. The main operating conditions of the RD process are discussed by experimental and simulation methods. The RD–PV coupled process was established by coupling the PVA/ceramic composite membrane with the RD reboiler. The effects of PV operating temperature and HAc/ethanol molar ratio on the RD performance are thoroughly discussed. It was found that the PVA/ceramic composite membrane exhibited good PV performance and stability with a total flux of 600 g·m–2·h–1 and a separation factor of 14 in 90 wt % HAc/water solution at 70 °C. Owing to the water removal and HAc recycle from the reboiler via PV, both the ethanol conversion and EtAc purity are remarkably improved, from 82.4 to 85.6 wt % and from 81.3 to 84.8%, respectively. This new RD–PV coupled process can be expected to be an effective and energy-saving way for ethyl acetate production. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3004072
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8079–8086[article] Novel reactive distillation – pervaporation coupled process for ethyl acetate production with water removal from reboiler and acetic acid recycle [texte imprimé] / Bida Lv, Auteur ; Gongping Liu, Auteur ; Xueliang Dong, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8079–8086.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8079–8086
Mots-clés : Distillation Pervaporation Acetic acid Résumé : Ethyl acetate (EtAc) is an essential raw material widely used in the chemical industry. In this paper, a new reactive distillation (RD)–pervaporation (PV) coupled process for ethyl acetate (EtAc) production is proposed, in which the PV membrane is located in the bottom stream in order to selectively remove the water from the reboiler and recycle the acetic acid (HAc) into the feed. The main operating conditions of the RD process are discussed by experimental and simulation methods. The RD–PV coupled process was established by coupling the PVA/ceramic composite membrane with the RD reboiler. The effects of PV operating temperature and HAc/ethanol molar ratio on the RD performance are thoroughly discussed. It was found that the PVA/ceramic composite membrane exhibited good PV performance and stability with a total flux of 600 g·m–2·h–1 and a separation factor of 14 in 90 wt % HAc/water solution at 70 °C. Owing to the water removal and HAc recycle from the reboiler via PV, both the ethanol conversion and EtAc purity are remarkably improved, from 82.4 to 85.6 wt % and from 81.3 to 84.8%, respectively. This new RD–PV coupled process can be expected to be an effective and energy-saving way for ethyl acetate production. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3004072 Exemplaires
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Titre : Product separation after chemical interesterification of vegetable oils with methyl acetate. Part I : Vapor – liquid equilibrium Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Abraham Casas, Auteur ; Maria Jesús Ramos, Auteur ; Angel Pérez, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8087-8094 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Phase equilibrium Liquid vapor Vegetable oil Résumé : Chemical interesterification of triglycerides with methyl acetate yields biodiesel and triacetin. This reaction is highly reversible, which implies the presence of intermediate compounds such as diacetinmonoglycerides. In addition, the use of methanolic potassium methoxide as the catalyst causes the appearance of diacetin, monoacetin, and glycerol. Vacuum distillation becomes an interesting alternative for the separation of biodiesel and triacetin. Vapor―liquid equilibrium (VLE) determination requires information related to the vapor pressures of the different compounds and the nonideality of the liquid phase (activity coefficients). The lack of literature information for some compounds was supplemented with experimental data and predictive models for vapor pressure and activity coefficients (UNIFAC and UNIFAC Dortmund). The suitability of using vacuum distillation was evaluated using the Fenske equation and experimental results from a structured packed distillation column. According to the results, removal of diacetinmonoglycerides can be easily accomplished, unlike the elimination of diacetin, monoacetin, and glycerol, which form azeotropes with triacetin. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990321
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8087-8094[article] Product separation after chemical interesterification of vegetable oils with methyl acetate. Part I : Vapor – liquid equilibrium [texte imprimé] / Abraham Casas, Auteur ; Maria Jesús Ramos, Auteur ; Angel Pérez, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8087-8094.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8087-8094
Mots-clés : Phase equilibrium Liquid vapor Vegetable oil Résumé : Chemical interesterification of triglycerides with methyl acetate yields biodiesel and triacetin. This reaction is highly reversible, which implies the presence of intermediate compounds such as diacetinmonoglycerides. In addition, the use of methanolic potassium methoxide as the catalyst causes the appearance of diacetin, monoacetin, and glycerol. Vacuum distillation becomes an interesting alternative for the separation of biodiesel and triacetin. Vapor―liquid equilibrium (VLE) determination requires information related to the vapor pressures of the different compounds and the nonideality of the liquid phase (activity coefficients). The lack of literature information for some compounds was supplemented with experimental data and predictive models for vapor pressure and activity coefficients (UNIFAC and UNIFAC Dortmund). The suitability of using vacuum distillation was evaluated using the Fenske equation and experimental results from a structured packed distillation column. According to the results, removal of diacetinmonoglycerides can be easily accomplished, unlike the elimination of diacetin, monoacetin, and glycerol, which form azeotropes with triacetin. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990321 Exemplaires
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Titre : A two - stage method for the approximate solution of general multiparametric mixed - integer linear programming problems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Martina Wittmann-Hohlbein, Auteur ; Efstratios N. Pistikopoulos, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Multiparametric Linear Programming Résumé : In this work, we focus on the approximate solution of multiparametric mixed-integer linear programming (mp-MILP) problems involving uncertainty in the objective function coefficients and in the entries of the constraint matrices and vectors. A two-stage algorithmic procedure is proposed. In the first stage, the model is partially immunized against uncertainty using the worst-case oriented approach which leads to a partially robust mp-MILP model, whereas in the second stage explicit solutions of the robust model are derived by applying a suitable multiparametric programming algorithm for mp-MILP problems. Computational studies are presented, demonstrating that the proposed two-stage robust optimization/multiparametric programming procedure is computationally efficient and that it provides an upper bound on the overall solution of the general mp-MILP problem. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie201408p
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012)[article] A two - stage method for the approximate solution of general multiparametric mixed - integer linear programming problems [texte imprimé] / Martina Wittmann-Hohlbein, Auteur ; Efstratios N. Pistikopoulos, Auteur . - 2012.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012)
Mots-clés : Multiparametric Linear Programming Résumé : In this work, we focus on the approximate solution of multiparametric mixed-integer linear programming (mp-MILP) problems involving uncertainty in the objective function coefficients and in the entries of the constraint matrices and vectors. A two-stage algorithmic procedure is proposed. In the first stage, the model is partially immunized against uncertainty using the worst-case oriented approach which leads to a partially robust mp-MILP model, whereas in the second stage explicit solutions of the robust model are derived by applying a suitable multiparametric programming algorithm for mp-MILP problems. Computational studies are presented, demonstrating that the proposed two-stage robust optimization/multiparametric programming procedure is computationally efficient and that it provides an upper bound on the overall solution of the general mp-MILP problem. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie201408p Exemplaires
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Titre : Industrial applied and modeling research on selective H2S removal using a rotating packed bed Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zhi Qian, Auteur ; Zhen-Hu Li, Auteur ; Kai Guo, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8108-8116 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Packed bed Hydrogen sulfides Modeling Résumé : For the simultaneous absorption of H2S and CO2 into methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) solution, MDEA in fact is selective toward both H2S and CO2. It is kinetically selective toward H2S and thermodynamically selective toward CO2. Selective H2S removal using a rotating packed bed (RPB) solves the problem that a large amount of CO2 accompanying H2S is simultaneously removed in the conventional desulfurization process. An RPB highlights that MDEA is kinetically selective toward H2S and restricts its thermodynamically selectivity toward CO2. In this work, an industrial test for MDEA selective absorption of H2S was performed. Compared with a conventional tower the RPB has a substantial advantage in selective absorption of H2S. A reaction-equilibrium-mass transfer model based on penetration theory is developed to describe the selective absorption process and the inhibition effect on H2S absorption from the CO2―MDEA reaction in the liquid film. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990323
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8108-8116[article] Industrial applied and modeling research on selective H2S removal using a rotating packed bed [texte imprimé] / Zhi Qian, Auteur ; Zhen-Hu Li, Auteur ; Kai Guo, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8108-8116.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8108-8116
Mots-clés : Packed bed Hydrogen sulfides Modeling Résumé : For the simultaneous absorption of H2S and CO2 into methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) solution, MDEA in fact is selective toward both H2S and CO2. It is kinetically selective toward H2S and thermodynamically selective toward CO2. Selective H2S removal using a rotating packed bed (RPB) solves the problem that a large amount of CO2 accompanying H2S is simultaneously removed in the conventional desulfurization process. An RPB highlights that MDEA is kinetically selective toward H2S and restricts its thermodynamically selectivity toward CO2. In this work, an industrial test for MDEA selective absorption of H2S was performed. Compared with a conventional tower the RPB has a substantial advantage in selective absorption of H2S. A reaction-equilibrium-mass transfer model based on penetration theory is developed to describe the selective absorption process and the inhibition effect on H2S absorption from the CO2―MDEA reaction in the liquid film. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990323 Exemplaires
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Titre : Preparation of porous polysulfone microspheres and their application in removal of oil from water Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qingbo Yu, Auteur ; Yulun Tao, Auteur ; Yiping Huang, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp.8117–8122 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Microspheres Oil Résumé : The monodisperse porous polysulfone (PSF) microspheres with hollow core/porous shell structure were prepared by a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation method. The morphology of PSF is investigated by using three different surfactants such as oleic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyoxyethylen(20)-sorbitanmonooleat. The prepared microspheres are developed as sorbents to remove oil from water due to their highly hydrophobic and superoleophilic properties. The PSF microspheres synthesized in the presence of oleic acid exhibit the best separation efficiency, which is 44.8 times higher than that of the pristine PSF powder. The microspheres with appropriate size, unsinkable properties, and excellent reproducibility can be quickly distributed and collected in seconds on the surface of water. The pore structure of PSF microspheres and interaction between oil and PSF are proposed to explain the high efficiency. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie203028h
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp.8117–8122[article] Preparation of porous polysulfone microspheres and their application in removal of oil from water [texte imprimé] / Qingbo Yu, Auteur ; Yulun Tao, Auteur ; Yiping Huang, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp.8117–8122.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp.8117–8122
Mots-clés : Microspheres Oil Résumé : The monodisperse porous polysulfone (PSF) microspheres with hollow core/porous shell structure were prepared by a water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation method. The morphology of PSF is investigated by using three different surfactants such as oleic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyoxyethylen(20)-sorbitanmonooleat. The prepared microspheres are developed as sorbents to remove oil from water due to their highly hydrophobic and superoleophilic properties. The PSF microspheres synthesized in the presence of oleic acid exhibit the best separation efficiency, which is 44.8 times higher than that of the pristine PSF powder. The microspheres with appropriate size, unsinkable properties, and excellent reproducibility can be quickly distributed and collected in seconds on the surface of water. The pore structure of PSF microspheres and interaction between oil and PSF are proposed to explain the high efficiency. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie203028h Exemplaires
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Titre : Gelation and breakage behavior of model wax – oil systems : Rheological properties and model development Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yansong Zhao, Auteur ; Lalit Kumar, Auteur ; Kristofer Paso, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8123-8133 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Rheological properties Wax Modeling Gelation Résumé : Gelation and breakage of model wax―oil systems is investigated using microscopy, densitometry, rheometry, and XRD. Various model waxy oils are prepared, including 1 to 20 wt % (w/w) macrocrystalline wax in dodecane, 1 to 20 wt % microcrystalline wax in dodecane, and 5 wt % macrocrystalline wax in Primol 352. The influence of shear history, thermal history, and fluid composition is ascertained. A novel gel breakage model is introduced which spans the entire mechanical response of wax gels from initial Hookean behavior at low strains to equilibrium slurry flow at the infinite strain limit. The local rheology model will benefit shut-in and restart processes of waxy crude pipelines via application of standard fluid mechanics relationships. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990325
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8123-8133[article] Gelation and breakage behavior of model wax – oil systems : Rheological properties and model development [texte imprimé] / Yansong Zhao, Auteur ; Lalit Kumar, Auteur ; Kristofer Paso, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8123-8133.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8123-8133
Mots-clés : Rheological properties Wax Modeling Gelation Résumé : Gelation and breakage of model wax―oil systems is investigated using microscopy, densitometry, rheometry, and XRD. Various model waxy oils are prepared, including 1 to 20 wt % (w/w) macrocrystalline wax in dodecane, 1 to 20 wt % microcrystalline wax in dodecane, and 5 wt % macrocrystalline wax in Primol 352. The influence of shear history, thermal history, and fluid composition is ascertained. A novel gel breakage model is introduced which spans the entire mechanical response of wax gels from initial Hookean behavior at low strains to equilibrium slurry flow at the infinite strain limit. The local rheology model will benefit shut-in and restart processes of waxy crude pipelines via application of standard fluid mechanics relationships. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990325 Exemplaires
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Titre : Effects of particle size and field orientation on the yield stress of magnetostabilized fluidized beds Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. M. Valverde, Auteur ; M.A.S. Quintanilla, Auteur ; M. J. Espin, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8134-8140 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fluidized bed Fluidization Yield stress Particle size Résumé : In this work, we present experimental measurements of the yield stress of gas-fluidized beds of magnetizable particles stabilized by an externally imposed magnetic field. Powder samples consist of spherical magnetite particles 35―65 μm in size. The magnetic field is applied in the bubbling regime and the gas velocity is decreased. At a critical gas velocity, particle chains that have formed due to attractive magnetostatic forces become jammed and the bed transits to a solidlike expanded state with a non-negligible yield stress. Our experimental setup allows us for taking measurements of the yield stress of the bed stabilized by a magnetic field oriented either in the vertical or horizontal direction (co-flow and cross-flow field configurations, respectively). In the cross-flow field configuration, the magnetic yield stress is increased with particle size. On the other hand, the magnetic yield stress is decreased in the co-flow field configuration as particle size is increased. This is interpreted as due to the dependence of the interparticle magnetostatic force on the interparticle contact angle with the field, which is, on average, affected by particle size in the jammed bed subjected to small consolidations. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990326
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8134-8140[article] Effects of particle size and field orientation on the yield stress of magnetostabilized fluidized beds [texte imprimé] / J. M. Valverde, Auteur ; M.A.S. Quintanilla, Auteur ; M. J. Espin, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8134-8140.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8134-8140
Mots-clés : Fluidized bed Fluidization Yield stress Particle size Résumé : In this work, we present experimental measurements of the yield stress of gas-fluidized beds of magnetizable particles stabilized by an externally imposed magnetic field. Powder samples consist of spherical magnetite particles 35―65 μm in size. The magnetic field is applied in the bubbling regime and the gas velocity is decreased. At a critical gas velocity, particle chains that have formed due to attractive magnetostatic forces become jammed and the bed transits to a solidlike expanded state with a non-negligible yield stress. Our experimental setup allows us for taking measurements of the yield stress of the bed stabilized by a magnetic field oriented either in the vertical or horizontal direction (co-flow and cross-flow field configurations, respectively). In the cross-flow field configuration, the magnetic yield stress is increased with particle size. On the other hand, the magnetic yield stress is decreased in the co-flow field configuration as particle size is increased. This is interpreted as due to the dependence of the interparticle magnetostatic force on the interparticle contact angle with the field, which is, on average, affected by particle size in the jammed bed subjected to small consolidations. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990326 Exemplaires
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Titre : Correlation of solubility and prediction of the mixing properties of ginsenoside compound K in various solvents Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Runyan Li, Auteur ; Hao Yan, Auteur ; Zhao Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 8141-8148 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mixing Prediction Solubility Correlation analysis Résumé : The solubilities of ginsenoside compound K in pure solvents and binary mixture solvents were determined at several temperatures from 278.15 K to 318.15 K by a static analytical method. The experimental solubility data in pure solvents were correlated by the van't Hoff plot, the modified Apelblat equation, the λh (Buchowski) equation, the Wilson model, and the NRTL model, with the Wilson model giving the best correlation results. Based on the Wilson model and experimental data, the mixing Gibbs free energies, enthalpies, and entropies of solutions and activity coefficients in pure solvents were predicted, and other thermodynamic properties (infinite-dilution activity coefficients and excess enthalpies) were calculated as well. In addition, the solubility was maximal at a certain water mole fraction in acetone + water mixture and acetonitrile + water mixture, whereas in a methanol + water system, the solubility decreases as the water concentration increases monotonically. The solubilities in mixture solvents were correlated by the solvent components using the Wilson model. The partial molar Gibbs free energies with negative values were obtained, which indicates the changing of the solubility. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990327
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8141-8148[article] Correlation of solubility and prediction of the mixing properties of ginsenoside compound K in various solvents [texte imprimé] / Runyan Li, Auteur ; Hao Yan, Auteur ; Zhao Wang, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 8141-8148.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 23 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 8141-8148
Mots-clés : Mixing Prediction Solubility Correlation analysis Résumé : The solubilities of ginsenoside compound K in pure solvents and binary mixture solvents were determined at several temperatures from 278.15 K to 318.15 K by a static analytical method. The experimental solubility data in pure solvents were correlated by the van't Hoff plot, the modified Apelblat equation, the λh (Buchowski) equation, the Wilson model, and the NRTL model, with the Wilson model giving the best correlation results. Based on the Wilson model and experimental data, the mixing Gibbs free energies, enthalpies, and entropies of solutions and activity coefficients in pure solvents were predicted, and other thermodynamic properties (infinite-dilution activity coefficients and excess enthalpies) were calculated as well. In addition, the solubility was maximal at a certain water mole fraction in acetone + water mixture and acetonitrile + water mixture, whereas in a methanol + water system, the solubility decreases as the water concentration increases monotonically. The solubilities in mixture solvents were correlated by the solvent components using the Wilson model. The partial molar Gibbs free energies with negative values were obtained, which indicates the changing of the solubility. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=25990327 Exemplaires
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