Dépouillements

Simulation of Khangiran gas treating units for various cooling scenarios / A. Shahsavand in Journal of natural gas science and engineering, Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 277–283 Titre : Simulation of Khangiran gas treating units for various cooling scenarios Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. Shahsavand, Auteur ; A. Garmroodi, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 277–283 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Simulation  GTU  Absorption  Cooling  Joule–Thompson  effect Résumé : Khangiran refinery sour gas feed has been acquired from Mozdouran reservoir in the past twenty eight years (1982–2010). In this period, the reservoir pressure has been dropped from 6600 psia to less than 5000 psia. It is anticipated that the pressure decrease will continue (even more rapidly due to higher production rates and sharper decrease in gas compressibility factor) in the near future. This considerable reduction in reservoir pressure has lead to appreciable increase in sour gas temperature entering the gas treating unit (GTU) due to Joule–Thompson effect. Such temperature increase had various adverse effects on the performance of the GTU process (e.g. higher contactors temperature peaks and larger antifoam consumptions). A variety of cooling scenarios have been considered in the present article. The required cooling facilities were designed for lowering the temperature of sour gas or lean solvent by air or water. The corresponding entire GTU processes were then simulated using both HYSYS and Aspen software’s. The simulation results indicate that the sour gas cooling scenario is not sufficiently effective because of the temperature peak encountered in the absorption towers. Furthermore, although the solvent cooling strategy was more effective from both economical point of view and its impact on the contactor temperature profile, however it may lead to some operational difficulties resulting from heavy hydrocarbons condensation. To avoid such predicaments, both sour gas and lean solvent streams should be cooled simultaneously via air coolers. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510010000715 [article] Simulation of Khangiran gas treating units for various cooling scenarios [texte imprimé] / A. Shahsavand, Auteur ; A. Garmroodi, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 277–283. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 277–283 Mots-clés : Simulation  GTU  Absorption  Cooling  Joule–Thompson  effect Résumé : Khangiran refinery sour gas feed has been acquired from Mozdouran reservoir in the past twenty eight years (1982–2010). In this period, the reservoir pressure has been dropped from 6600 psia to less than 5000 psia. It is anticipated that the pressure decrease will continue (even more rapidly due to higher production rates and sharper decrease in gas compressibility factor) in the near future. This considerable reduction in reservoir pressure has lead to appreciable increase in sour gas temperature entering the gas treating unit (GTU) due to Joule–Thompson effect. Such temperature increase had various adverse effects on the performance of the GTU process (e.g. higher contactors temperature peaks and larger antifoam consumptions). A variety of cooling scenarios have been considered in the present article. The required cooling facilities were designed for lowering the temperature of sour gas or lean solvent by air or water. The corresponding entire GTU processes were then simulated using both HYSYS and Aspen software’s. The simulation results indicate that the sour gas cooling scenario is not sufficiently effective because of the temperature peak encountered in the absorption towers. Furthermore, although the solvent cooling strategy was more effective from both economical point of view and its impact on the contactor temperature profile, however it may lead to some operational difficulties resulting from heavy hydrocarbons condensation. To avoid such predicaments, both sour gas and lean solvent streams should be cooled simultaneously via air coolers. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510010000715

Optimal control of amine plant using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II / Alireza Behroozsarand in Journal of natural gas science and engineering, Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 284–292 Titre : Optimal control of amine plant using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alireza Behroozsarand, Auteur ; Sirous Shafiei, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 284–292 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Amine  plant  NSGA-II  PID  controller  Tuning  Pareto  optimal Résumé : Many control problems involve simultaneous optimization of multiple variables that competing with each other (such as Integral of Absolute Error (IAE), Overshoot, Undershoot, Response time, and etc). On the other hand, the control system performs poor in characteristics and even it becomes unstable, if improper values of the controller tuning constants are used. So it becomes necessary to tune the controller parameters to achieve good control performance with the proper choice of tuning constants. An optimal control of Amine Plant is studied in this paper utilizing the multiobjective genetic algorithm concept in conjunction of Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) controller. This paper presents the tuning of PID controllers by minimizing two objective functions (Overshoot and IAE) through the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Numerical results show that NSGA-II based tuning method has excellent ability in optimal control of Amine Plant. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510010000910 [article] Optimal control of amine plant using non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II [texte imprimé] / Alireza Behroozsarand, Auteur ; Sirous Shafiei, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 284–292. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 284–292 Mots-clés : Amine  plant  NSGA-II  PID  controller  Tuning  Pareto  optimal Résumé : Many control problems involve simultaneous optimization of multiple variables that competing with each other (such as Integral of Absolute Error (IAE), Overshoot, Undershoot, Response time, and etc). On the other hand, the control system performs poor in characteristics and even it becomes unstable, if improper values of the controller tuning constants are used. So it becomes necessary to tune the controller parameters to achieve good control performance with the proper choice of tuning constants. An optimal control of Amine Plant is studied in this paper utilizing the multiobjective genetic algorithm concept in conjunction of Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) controller. This paper presents the tuning of PID controllers by minimizing two objective functions (Overshoot and IAE) through the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Numerical results show that NSGA-II based tuning method has excellent ability in optimal control of Amine Plant. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510010000910

Modeling and simulation of large scale hydrogen production / Akbar Zamaniyan in Journal of natural gas science and engineering, Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 293–301 Titre : Modeling and simulation of large scale hydrogen production Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Akbar Zamaniyan, Auteur ; Alireza Behroozsarand, Auteur ; Hadi Ebrahimi, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 293–301 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Large  scale  Mathematical  modeling  Reformer  Shift  converter  Methanator Résumé : There are many large scale hydrogen production units worldwide. Pure hydrogen is produced for many applications including hydrocracking processes. A comprehensive simulation of an industrial hydrogen production unit is presented with state of the art models. First, all sub-units including reformer reactor, shift converters, and methanator reactor are mathematically modeled and the amine package is simulated by using the HYSYS process simulator; then the effect of some important parameters (reformer feed pressure and temperature, steam to carbon ratio, and carbon dioxide to methane ratio) on hydrogen yield is investigated. Results show that by increasing reformer feed pressure, steam to carbon ratio, and carbon dioxide to methane ratio while decreasing reformer feed temperature, the mole fraction of hydrogen is decreased in the reformer, high temperature water gas shift reactor, low temperature water gas shift reactor, and methanator. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510010000764 [article] Modeling and simulation of large scale hydrogen production [texte imprimé] / Akbar Zamaniyan, Auteur ; Alireza Behroozsarand, Auteur ; Hadi Ebrahimi, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 293–301. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 293–301 Mots-clés : Large  scale  Mathematical  modeling  Reformer  Shift  converter  Methanator Résumé : There are many large scale hydrogen production units worldwide. Pure hydrogen is produced for many applications including hydrocracking processes. A comprehensive simulation of an industrial hydrogen production unit is presented with state of the art models. First, all sub-units including reformer reactor, shift converters, and methanator reactor are mathematically modeled and the amine package is simulated by using the HYSYS process simulator; then the effect of some important parameters (reformer feed pressure and temperature, steam to carbon ratio, and carbon dioxide to methane ratio) on hydrogen yield is investigated. Results show that by increasing reformer feed pressure, steam to carbon ratio, and carbon dioxide to methane ratio while decreasing reformer feed temperature, the mole fraction of hydrogen is decreased in the reformer, high temperature water gas shift reactor, low temperature water gas shift reactor, and methanator. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510010000764

Influence of the plot area in an economical analysis for selecting small scale LNG technologies for remote gas production / L. Castillo in Journal of natural gas science and engineering, Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 302–309 Titre : Influence of the plot area in an economical analysis for selecting small scale LNG technologies for remote gas production Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : L. Castillo, Auteur ; C. A. Dorao, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 302–309 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Small  scale  LNG  Remote  gas  fields  Selection  criterion  Offshore  Plot  area Résumé : The future commercial exploitation of remote, small and less accessible gas fields might require the development of new technologies. In particular, LNG technologies are a possible solution for the exploitation of such gas reserves. However, the economy of scale is not applicable and constraint in the offshore installation and harsh environmental conditions require compact and efficient solutions. During the last decade several liquefaction technologies are available for small and medium LNG plants. Even though, the comparison between these technologies from an economical point of view is limited to the efficiency of the process and some qualitative parameters. In this work two groups of LNG technologies are analyzed for a given development scenario. The most important aspect in this work is that the cost related to the offshore installation is included as a component of the CAPEX of the project. The plot area required for each technology plays a significant role in the final comparison and this parameter should not be neglected in the economical analysis of future offshore LNG plants. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187551001000051X [article] Influence of the plot area in an economical analysis for selecting small scale LNG technologies for remote gas production [texte imprimé] / L. Castillo, Auteur ; C. A. Dorao, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 302–309. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 302–309 Mots-clés : Small  scale  LNG  Remote  gas  fields  Selection  criterion  Offshore  Plot  area Résumé : The future commercial exploitation of remote, small and less accessible gas fields might require the development of new technologies. In particular, LNG technologies are a possible solution for the exploitation of such gas reserves. However, the economy of scale is not applicable and constraint in the offshore installation and harsh environmental conditions require compact and efficient solutions. During the last decade several liquefaction technologies are available for small and medium LNG plants. Even though, the comparison between these technologies from an economical point of view is limited to the efficiency of the process and some qualitative parameters. In this work two groups of LNG technologies are analyzed for a given development scenario. The most important aspect in this work is that the cost related to the offshore installation is included as a component of the CAPEX of the project. The plot area required for each technology plays a significant role in the final comparison and this parameter should not be neglected in the economical analysis of future offshore LNG plants. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187551001000051X

Natural gas utilisation in Nigeria / Charles Asekhame Odumugbo in Journal of natural gas science and engineering, Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 310–316 Titre : Natural gas utilisation in Nigeria : Challenges and opportunities Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Charles Asekhame Odumugbo, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 310–316 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Utilisation  Exploitation  Monetization  Power  generation  Energy  scenario Résumé : Following Nigeria's gas reserves currently estimated at 182 TCF (trillion cubic feet) with a projected growth rate of over 70% by 2025, the nation's gas sector has proven to have the potential of being a key player in the emergent global natural gas market. Unfortunately, even with this huge gas reserve, not much has been accomplished with respect of the effective exploitation and utilisation of this abundant natural gas reserve of which some of this gas reserves are termed ‘stranded’ whose volume and location are often considered as non-commercial and difficult to exploit. That notwithstanding, up until now most of the nation's natural gas production has been flared or re-injected to enhance greater crude oil recovery. With electric power generation at its ground state, crippling rate of unemployment, emergent global climate change caused by green house emissions from flare-out, it has become imperative to further find ways to exploit and utilise the nation's natural gas reserves and translate it to the improvement of the nation's economy. This paper provides a holistic review to the various technologies for the development, transportation and effective utilisation of the nation's natural gas reserves, its various challenges and opportunities. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510010000673 [article] Natural gas utilisation in Nigeria : Challenges and opportunities [texte imprimé] / Charles Asekhame Odumugbo, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 310–316. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of natural gas science and engineering > Vol. 2 N° 6 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 310–316 Mots-clés : Utilisation  Exploitation  Monetization  Power  generation  Energy  scenario Résumé : Following Nigeria's gas reserves currently estimated at 182 TCF (trillion cubic feet) with a projected growth rate of over 70% by 2025, the nation's gas sector has proven to have the potential of being a key player in the emergent global natural gas market. Unfortunately, even with this huge gas reserve, not much has been accomplished with respect of the effective exploitation and utilisation of this abundant natural gas reserve of which some of this gas reserves are termed ‘stranded’ whose volume and location are often considered as non-commercial and difficult to exploit. That notwithstanding, up until now most of the nation's natural gas production has been flared or re-injected to enhance greater crude oil recovery. With electric power generation at its ground state, crippling rate of unemployment, emergent global climate change caused by green house emissions from flare-out, it has become imperative to further find ways to exploit and utilise the nation's natural gas reserves and translate it to the improvement of the nation's economy. This paper provides a holistic review to the various technologies for the development, transportation and effective utilisation of the nation's natural gas reserves, its various challenges and opportunities. ISSN : 1875-5100 En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875510010000673

Exemplaires

Bibliothèque Ecole Nationale Polytechnique d'Alger

Accueil

Se connecter

Météo

Adresse