Dépouillements

Characterization of cold-pressed and processed bergamot oils by using GC-FID, GC-MS, GC-C-IRMS, enantio-GC, MDGC, HPLC and HPLC-MS-IT-TOF / G. Dugo in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 93-117 Titre : Characterization of cold-pressed and processed bergamot oils by using GC-FID, GC-MS, GC-C-IRMS, enantio-GC, MDGC, HPLC and HPLC-MS-IT-TOF Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : G. Dugo, Auteur ; I. Bonaccorsi, Auteur ; D. Sciarrone, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 93-117 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : C.  bergamia  essential  oil  composition  Enantiomeric  distribution  Isotope  ratios  Genuineness  Seasonal  variation  Herniarin Résumé : Numerous samples of Italian cold-pressed bergamot oils, representative of the industrial production of the last three seasons (2008/09, 2009/10 and 2010/11), as well as several samples of bergapten-free, concentrated and recovered oils, have been extensively investigated in the present study. The samples were analyzed to determine the composition of the volatile fraction, the oxygen heterocyclic compounds, the enantiomeric distribution of twelve volatile components and the isotopic ratios of selected volatiles. Differences from previous studies emerged. The recent improvement in cultural practices is confirmed by the increase of linalool and linalyl acetate, indicative of better quality of the essential oils. The seasonal variation of the enantiomeric excess of α-terpineol, characteristic of cold-pressed bergamot oils, is confirmed. Some oxygen heterocyclic compounds are here quantitatively determined for the first time. The presence of herniarin is confirmed in genuine samples through high-pressure liquid-chromatography–mass spectrometry–ion trap–time of flight (HPLC-MS-IT-TOF). The isotopic ratios herein reported, for all the samples analyzed, represent a useful tool for the evaluation of genuineness of cold-pressed and processed bergamot oils. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659526 [article] Characterization of cold-pressed and processed bergamot oils by using GC-FID, GC-MS, GC-C-IRMS, enantio-GC, MDGC, HPLC and HPLC-MS-IT-TOF [texte imprimé] / G. Dugo, Auteur ; I. Bonaccorsi, Auteur ; D. Sciarrone, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 93-117. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 93-117 Mots-clés : C.  bergamia  essential  oil  composition  Enantiomeric  distribution  Isotope  ratios  Genuineness  Seasonal  variation  Herniarin Résumé : Numerous samples of Italian cold-pressed bergamot oils, representative of the industrial production of the last three seasons (2008/09, 2009/10 and 2010/11), as well as several samples of bergapten-free, concentrated and recovered oils, have been extensively investigated in the present study. The samples were analyzed to determine the composition of the volatile fraction, the oxygen heterocyclic compounds, the enantiomeric distribution of twelve volatile components and the isotopic ratios of selected volatiles. Differences from previous studies emerged. The recent improvement in cultural practices is confirmed by the increase of linalool and linalyl acetate, indicative of better quality of the essential oils. The seasonal variation of the enantiomeric excess of α-terpineol, characteristic of cold-pressed bergamot oils, is confirmed. Some oxygen heterocyclic compounds are here quantitatively determined for the first time. The presence of herniarin is confirmed in genuine samples through high-pressure liquid-chromatography–mass spectrometry–ion trap–time of flight (HPLC-MS-IT-TOF). The isotopic ratios herein reported, for all the samples analyzed, represent a useful tool for the evaluation of genuineness of cold-pressed and processed bergamot oils. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659526

A new HPLC method developed for the analysis of oxygen heterocyclic compounds in Citrus essential oils / Marina Russo in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 119-129 Titre : A new HPLC method developed for the analysis of oxygen heterocyclic compounds in Citrus essential oils Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marina Russo, Auteur ; Germana Torre, Auteur ; Caterina Carnovale, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 119-129 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Citrus  oils  Coumarins  Psoralens  Polymethoxyflavones  HPLC  method  development  Synthesis Résumé : In 2009, a temporary crisis in the world production of acetonitrile caused the abnormal increase of the price of this substance, commonly used as a solvent and in high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation as a mobile phase. For this reason, a new HPLC method was developed to analyze the oxygen heterocyclic components of Citrus oils, substituting acetonitrile with methanol. The new method described in this article was validated, new components were isolated and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and others were synthesized, to obtain pure standards, not commercially available. The results are evaluated in comparison with methods previously developed. Seven genuine cold-pressed Citrus essential oils – lemon (C. limon (L.) Burm.), Key lime (C. aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing.) type B, bergamot (C. bergamia), grapefruit (C. paradisi Macf.), bitter orange (C. aurantium L.), sweet orange (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and mandarin (C. deliciosa Ten.) – were analyzed under identical conditions. In conclusion, it was observed that the replacement of acetonitrile with methanol in the mobile phase and the increase of the column temperature (from 30 to 40°C) led to a better separation in terms of resolution and total analysis time. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were comparable with methods previously developed with acetonitrile in the mobile phase. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659523 [article] A new HPLC method developed for the analysis of oxygen heterocyclic compounds in Citrus essential oils [texte imprimé] / Marina Russo, Auteur ; Germana Torre, Auteur ; Caterina Carnovale, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 119-129. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 119-129 Mots-clés : Citrus  oils  Coumarins  Psoralens  Polymethoxyflavones  HPLC  method  development  Synthesis Résumé : In 2009, a temporary crisis in the world production of acetonitrile caused the abnormal increase of the price of this substance, commonly used as a solvent and in high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) separation as a mobile phase. For this reason, a new HPLC method was developed to analyze the oxygen heterocyclic components of Citrus oils, substituting acetonitrile with methanol. The new method described in this article was validated, new components were isolated and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and others were synthesized, to obtain pure standards, not commercially available. The results are evaluated in comparison with methods previously developed. Seven genuine cold-pressed Citrus essential oils – lemon (C. limon (L.) Burm.), Key lime (C. aurantifolia (Christm.) Swing.) type B, bergamot (C. bergamia), grapefruit (C. paradisi Macf.), bitter orange (C. aurantium L.), sweet orange (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck) and mandarin (C. deliciosa Ten.) – were analyzed under identical conditions. In conclusion, it was observed that the replacement of acetonitrile with methanol in the mobile phase and the increase of the column temperature (from 30 to 40°C) led to a better separation in terms of resolution and total analysis time. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were comparable with methods previously developed with acetonitrile in the mobile phase. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659523

Chemical profiles of Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) peel oils of different cultivars of Argentina / B. Acevedo in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 131-136 Titre : Chemical profiles of Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) peel oils of different cultivars of Argentina Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : B. Acevedo, Auteur ; G. Ricciardi, Auteur ; N. Martinez, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 131-136 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Rangpur  Citrus  limonia  Osbeck  Chemotaxonomic  analysis Résumé : Peel and leaf oils of three lime populations, belonging to the Citrus limonia Osbeck species were obtained from fruits collected on lime trees submitted to the same pedoclimatic and cultural conditions. Their chemical composition was investigated by capillary gas chromatography (GC), GC–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chiral multidimensional GC (MDGC), and the results were submitted to a cluster analysis. Results reported for Rangpur lime from Corsica, named Rangpur Jaune, Rangpur Intermediaire and Rangpur Rouge, were also included for comparison purposes. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659521 [article] Chemical profiles of Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia) peel oils of different cultivars of Argentina [texte imprimé] / B. Acevedo, Auteur ; G. Ricciardi, Auteur ; N. Martinez, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 131-136. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 131-136 Mots-clés : Rangpur  Citrus  limonia  Osbeck  Chemotaxonomic  analysis Résumé : Peel and leaf oils of three lime populations, belonging to the Citrus limonia Osbeck species were obtained from fruits collected on lime trees submitted to the same pedoclimatic and cultural conditions. Their chemical composition was investigated by capillary gas chromatography (GC), GC–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and chiral multidimensional GC (MDGC), and the results were submitted to a cluster analysis. Results reported for Rangpur lime from Corsica, named Rangpur Jaune, Rangpur Intermediaire and Rangpur Rouge, were also included for comparison purposes. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659521

Effectiveness of electronic nose systems to detect bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) essential oil quality and genuineness / Mariateresa Russo in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 137-151 Titre : Effectiveness of electronic nose systems to detect bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) essential oil quality and genuineness Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mariateresa Russo, Auteur ; Demetrio Serra, Auteur ; Francesca Suraci, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 137-151 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Citrus  bergamia  Risso  et  Poiteau  Bergamot  essential  oil  Artificial  olfactory  system  Electronic  nose  Metal  oxide  semiconductor Résumé : The quality of an essential oil is determined by its composition as well as by the complex aroma features. The aim of this work was to analyze the effectiveness of electronic nose (e-nose) systems to detect quality and genuineness of bergamot essential oils (BEOs). Tested methods included volatile analysis with the e-nose based on metal-oxide semiconductor sensors and analysis of chemical composition of essential oil by chromatography (GC/FID, GC/MS). The paper reports preliminary results on the potential of an e-nose to discriminate natural cold-pressed bergamot oil (BEO C-P) from those deterpenated and bergapten-free; between samples obtained from different cultivars; from samples obtained from fruit grown in the Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) area and those outside the PDO; and finally from synthetic essential oils (SEO). This feasibility study has confirmed that an e-nose demonstrates the ability to supply a concrete support to BEO quality control. The e-noses, with subsequent DFA treatment of data, offer the advantages of rapidity and reliability. Further validation studies are currently under way with the aim of enriching and updating the databases of reference for BEOs. In order to broaden the range of e-nose use, tests on sensors chiral comportment are in progress, in order to bring this same approach in the study of adulteration of BEOs. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659530 [article] Effectiveness of electronic nose systems to detect bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) essential oil quality and genuineness [texte imprimé] / Mariateresa Russo, Auteur ; Demetrio Serra, Auteur ; Francesca Suraci, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 137-151. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 137-151 Mots-clés : Citrus  bergamia  Risso  et  Poiteau  Bergamot  essential  oil  Artificial  olfactory  system  Electronic  nose  Metal  oxide  semiconductor Résumé : The quality of an essential oil is determined by its composition as well as by the complex aroma features. The aim of this work was to analyze the effectiveness of electronic nose (e-nose) systems to detect quality and genuineness of bergamot essential oils (BEOs). Tested methods included volatile analysis with the e-nose based on metal-oxide semiconductor sensors and analysis of chemical composition of essential oil by chromatography (GC/FID, GC/MS). The paper reports preliminary results on the potential of an e-nose to discriminate natural cold-pressed bergamot oil (BEO C-P) from those deterpenated and bergapten-free; between samples obtained from different cultivars; from samples obtained from fruit grown in the Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) area and those outside the PDO; and finally from synthetic essential oils (SEO). This feasibility study has confirmed that an e-nose demonstrates the ability to supply a concrete support to BEO quality control. The e-noses, with subsequent DFA treatment of data, offer the advantages of rapidity and reliability. Further validation studies are currently under way with the aim of enriching and updating the databases of reference for BEOs. In order to broaden the range of e-nose use, tests on sensors chiral comportment are in progress, in order to bring this same approach in the study of adulteration of BEOs. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659530

Volatiles in Turkish clementine (Citrus clementina Hort.) peel / Ş. İsmail Kirbaşlar in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 153-157 Titre : Volatiles in Turkish clementine (Citrus clementina Hort.) peel Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ş. İsmail Kirbaşlar, Auteur ; Aslı Gök, Auteur ; F. Gülay Kirbaşlar, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 153-157 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Rutaceae  Citrus  clementina  Hort.  ex  Tan.  Cold-pressed  peel  oil  Supercritical  CO2  extract  Limonene Résumé : The peel extract of clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.) grown in Turkey was obtained by cold pressed (CP) and supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) methods. The chemical compositions of the volatile extract samples were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In total, sixty-nine components have been identified corresponding to the (99.8%) of the whole volatiles in both samples. CP extraction led to lower amount of oxygenated compounds (3.7%) than the SFE extraction (4.2%); among these, carbonyls were predominant (2.09–2.10%) followed by alcohols (1.32–1.60%) and esters (0.12–0.40%). The main component is limonene (88.12–89.28%) followed by myrcene (4.64–3.77%). The oxygenated compounds present at higher levels are linalool (1.02–1.24%) and decanal (0.71–0.72%). ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659519 [article] Volatiles in Turkish clementine (Citrus clementina Hort.) peel [texte imprimé] / Ş. İsmail Kirbaşlar, Auteur ; Aslı Gök, Auteur ; F. Gülay Kirbaşlar, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 153-157. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 153-157 Mots-clés : Rutaceae  Citrus  clementina  Hort.  ex  Tan.  Cold-pressed  peel  oil  Supercritical  CO2  extract  Limonene Résumé : The peel extract of clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan.) grown in Turkey was obtained by cold pressed (CP) and supercritical CO2 extraction (SFE) methods. The chemical compositions of the volatile extract samples were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In total, sixty-nine components have been identified corresponding to the (99.8%) of the whole volatiles in both samples. CP extraction led to lower amount of oxygenated compounds (3.7%) than the SFE extraction (4.2%); among these, carbonyls were predominant (2.09–2.10%) followed by alcohols (1.32–1.60%) and esters (0.12–0.40%). The main component is limonene (88.12–89.28%) followed by myrcene (4.64–3.77%). The oxygenated compounds present at higher levels are linalool (1.02–1.24%) and decanal (0.71–0.72%). ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659519

Essential oil profiles of new Citrus hybrids, a tool for genetic citrus improvement / Simona Fabroni in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 159-169 Titre : Essential oil profiles of new Citrus hybrids, a tool for genetic citrus improvement Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Simona Fabroni, Auteur ; Giuseppe Ruberto, Auteur ; Paolo Rapisarda, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 159-169 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Citrus  sinensis  L.  Osbeck  Citrus  clementina  Hort.  ex  Tan.  Citrus  paradisi  Macf.  Citrus  deliciosa  Ten  Citrus  limon  L.  Burm  f.  Citrus  hybrids  Essential  oils  GC-MS Résumé : The essential oil composition of new Citrus hybrids obtained from the Citrus genetic improvement programs at the CRA-Centro di Ricerche per l’Agrumicoltura e le Colture Mediterranee of Acireale, Italy (CRA-ACM), were used to evaluate the fruit quality and to identify new valuable flavor components. The common objective of genetic improvement programs is to generate Citrus cultivars with a higher resistance to disease and to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as seedless and easy to peel fruits with optimal size and shape and with new organoleptic characteristics. The chemical characterization of the volatile components in the essential oils from the peel of new Citrus hybrids were determined by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The fruits studied were respectively: seven hybrids (P1–P7) coming from crossing a diploid clementine with a tetraploid grapefruit; a new hybrid with lemon-like character obtained by crossing a diploid clementine with a tetraploid lemon; two pigmented triploid hybrids obtained by crossing a diploid clementine with a tetraploid ‘Tarocco’ orange (‘A146’ and ‘C1867’); a new mandarin hybrid named ‘Cami’; four pigmented hybrids whose parents were clementine and ‘Moro’ orange (‘OMO 15’, ‘OMO 31’, ‘OMO 6’ and ‘OMO 12’); and finally, a red-fleshed hybrid (Amoa-8) obtained from ‘Moro’ orange and ‘Avana’ mandarin. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659529 [article] Essential oil profiles of new Citrus hybrids, a tool for genetic citrus improvement [texte imprimé] / Simona Fabroni, Auteur ; Giuseppe Ruberto, Auteur ; Paolo Rapisarda, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 159-169. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 159-169 Mots-clés : Citrus  sinensis  L.  Osbeck  Citrus  clementina  Hort.  ex  Tan.  Citrus  paradisi  Macf.  Citrus  deliciosa  Ten  Citrus  limon  L.  Burm  f.  Citrus  hybrids  Essential  oils  GC-MS Résumé : The essential oil composition of new Citrus hybrids obtained from the Citrus genetic improvement programs at the CRA-Centro di Ricerche per l’Agrumicoltura e le Colture Mediterranee of Acireale, Italy (CRA-ACM), were used to evaluate the fruit quality and to identify new valuable flavor components. The common objective of genetic improvement programs is to generate Citrus cultivars with a higher resistance to disease and to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as seedless and easy to peel fruits with optimal size and shape and with new organoleptic characteristics. The chemical characterization of the volatile components in the essential oils from the peel of new Citrus hybrids were determined by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The fruits studied were respectively: seven hybrids (P1–P7) coming from crossing a diploid clementine with a tetraploid grapefruit; a new hybrid with lemon-like character obtained by crossing a diploid clementine with a tetraploid lemon; two pigmented triploid hybrids obtained by crossing a diploid clementine with a tetraploid ‘Tarocco’ orange (‘A146’ and ‘C1867’); a new mandarin hybrid named ‘Cami’; four pigmented hybrids whose parents were clementine and ‘Moro’ orange (‘OMO 15’, ‘OMO 31’, ‘OMO 6’ and ‘OMO 12’); and finally, a red-fleshed hybrid (Amoa-8) obtained from ‘Moro’ orange and ‘Avana’ mandarin. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659529

Pesticides and plasticizers in Citrus essential oils: An ordinary history of research / Marcello Saitta in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 171-180 Titre : Pesticides and plasticizers in Citrus essential oils: An ordinary history of research Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Marcello Saitta, Auteur ; Giuseppa Di Bella, Auteur ; Giacomo Dugo, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 171-180 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Citrus  essential  oils  Organophosphorus  pesticides  Organochlorine  pesticides  Plasticizers  Triarylphosphates  Chloroparaffins  Phthalate  esters Résumé : The history of the research on pesticides and plasticizers presence in Citrus essential oils is resumed. The determinations of organophosphorus pesticides, organochlorine pesticides, and some class of plasticizers (triarylphosphates, phthalate esters, chloroparaffins, adipate esters, sebacate esters) are described, and the evolution of the contamination over the years and according to the type of Citrus essential oil is highlighted. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659522 [article] Pesticides and plasticizers in Citrus essential oils: An ordinary history of research [texte imprimé] / Marcello Saitta, Auteur ; Giuseppa Di Bella, Auteur ; Giacomo Dugo, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 171-180. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 171-180 Mots-clés : Citrus  essential  oils  Organophosphorus  pesticides  Organochlorine  pesticides  Plasticizers  Triarylphosphates  Chloroparaffins  Phthalate  esters Résumé : The history of the research on pesticides and plasticizers presence in Citrus essential oils is resumed. The determinations of organophosphorus pesticides, organochlorine pesticides, and some class of plasticizers (triarylphosphates, phthalate esters, chloroparaffins, adipate esters, sebacate esters) are described, and the evolution of the contamination over the years and according to the type of Citrus essential oil is highlighted. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659522

Morphological changes in Enterococcus faecium on exposure to Citrus essential oils in vapor phase as determined by TEM, SEM and AFM / K. Laird in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 181-185 Titre : Morphological changes in Enterococcus faecium on exposure to Citrus essential oils in vapor phase as determined by TEM, SEM and AFM Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K. Laird, Auteur ; J. Score, Auteur ; D.C. Prime, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 181-185 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Citrus  EO  vapor  TEM  SEM  AFM  Enterococcus  faecium Résumé : The antimicrobial effects of essential oils in vapor phase have been previously reported although the mechanism whereby they bring about their effect continues to be investigated. Morphological changes give some indication of the extent of the damage to cells brought about by exposure to essential oils and may provide a means of substantiating the physiological and biochemical changes that are integral to the antimicrobial effect. In this study, the morphological changes that occur during exposure of Enterococcus faecium to a Citrus essential oil in vapor phase has been investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). TEM shows membrane damage, vacuole formation and leakage of cytoplasmic material, SEM shows deformation of shape, whereas AFM, which gives the most information, confirms the deformation, which could be seen even after 15 minutes exposure using this method. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659525 [article] Morphological changes in Enterococcus faecium on exposure to Citrus essential oils in vapor phase as determined by TEM, SEM and AFM [texte imprimé] / K. Laird, Auteur ; J. Score, Auteur ; D.C. Prime, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 181-185. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 181-185 Mots-clés : Citrus  EO  vapor  TEM  SEM  AFM  Enterococcus  faecium Résumé : The antimicrobial effects of essential oils in vapor phase have been previously reported although the mechanism whereby they bring about their effect continues to be investigated. Morphological changes give some indication of the extent of the damage to cells brought about by exposure to essential oils and may provide a means of substantiating the physiological and biochemical changes that are integral to the antimicrobial effect. In this study, the morphological changes that occur during exposure of Enterococcus faecium to a Citrus essential oil in vapor phase has been investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). TEM shows membrane damage, vacuole formation and leakage of cytoplasmic material, SEM shows deformation of shape, whereas AFM, which gives the most information, confirms the deformation, which could be seen even after 15 minutes exposure using this method. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659525

Volatile fraction composition and biological activity of lemon oil (Citrus limon L. Burm.) / Federica Spadaro in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 187-193 Titre : Volatile fraction composition and biological activity of lemon oil (Citrus limon L. Burm.) : Comparative study of oils extracted from conventionally grown and biological fruits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Federica Spadaro, Auteur ; Clara Circosta, Auteur ; Rosaria Costa, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 187-193 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Citrus  limon  L.  Burm  (Rutaceae)  Biological  essential  oil  Conventional  essential  oil  Hydrodistillation  GC-FID  GC-MS  Antiproliferative  activity  Antimicrobial  activity Résumé : In this study, conventional and biological lemon cultivation techniques have been evaluated for their influence on the composition and biological activity of essential oils extracted from fresh lemon fruits. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) and analyzed by gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and GC–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The human Ishikawa cell line maintained in culture was used to test the antiproliferative efficacy of essential oils and the paper disc diffusion method was employed to determine the antimicrobial activity. The results obtained indicated differences in both oil composition, especially in the content of oxygenated compounds, and biological activity, leading to the conclusion that the biological oils were of higher quality. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659518 [article] Volatile fraction composition and biological activity of lemon oil (Citrus limon L. Burm.) : Comparative study of oils extracted from conventionally grown and biological fruits [texte imprimé] / Federica Spadaro, Auteur ; Clara Circosta, Auteur ; Rosaria Costa, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 187-193. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 187-193 Mots-clés : Citrus  limon  L.  Burm  (Rutaceae)  Biological  essential  oil  Conventional  essential  oil  Hydrodistillation  GC-FID  GC-MS  Antiproliferative  activity  Antimicrobial  activity Résumé : In this study, conventional and biological lemon cultivation techniques have been evaluated for their influence on the composition and biological activity of essential oils extracted from fresh lemon fruits. The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) and analyzed by gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and GC–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The human Ishikawa cell line maintained in culture was used to test the antiproliferative efficacy of essential oils and the paper disc diffusion method was employed to determine the antimicrobial activity. The results obtained indicated differences in both oil composition, especially in the content of oxygenated compounds, and biological activity, leading to the conclusion that the biological oils were of higher quality. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659518

Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) essential oil / Paul Forlot in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 195-201 Titre : Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) essential oil : Biological properties, cosmetic and medical use. A review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Paul Forlot, Auteur ; Paul Pevet, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 195-201 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Citrus  bergamia  Bergamot  oil  Bergapten  Phototoxicity  Photoprotection  Photogenotoxicity  DNA  photoaddition  Photochemotherapy  Dermatoses  Melatonin  sleep  disorders  Depression  Potassium  channels  blockers  Demyelinating  diseases  Anti-inflammatory  and  antimicrobial  properties Résumé : The present article reviews all aspects of the known pharmacological activities of bergamot essential oil (Citrus bergamia) and of its major phototoxic component bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen, 5-MOP) as well as their use in cosmetics and medicine. Photo-addition of 5-MOP to DNA induces a phototoxic reaction followed by significant increase of human skin pigmentation with a proved consistent protection of epidermal cell DNA against further exposure to ultraviolet light. This property was used in suntan products, but the potential risk of photocarcinogenis stopped the development of such compositions. Medical indications include phototherapy of dermatoses like psoriasis and vitiligo (photochemotherapy, PUVA). More recent studies were developed concerning the melatoninergic potential of bergapten and its potential use in depression and sleep disturbances as well as the capacity of 5-MOP to block potassium channels, a potential symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis in demyelinated nerves. The anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal properties of bergamot oil will also be described as well as the most recent studies on its protection against neuropathic pain in cancer. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659527 [article] Bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau) essential oil : Biological properties, cosmetic and medical use. A review [texte imprimé] / Paul Forlot, Auteur ; Paul Pevet, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 195-201. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 195-201 Mots-clés : Citrus  bergamia  Bergamot  oil  Bergapten  Phototoxicity  Photoprotection  Photogenotoxicity  DNA  photoaddition  Photochemotherapy  Dermatoses  Melatonin  sleep  disorders  Depression  Potassium  channels  blockers  Demyelinating  diseases  Anti-inflammatory  and  antimicrobial  properties Résumé : The present article reviews all aspects of the known pharmacological activities of bergamot essential oil (Citrus bergamia) and of its major phototoxic component bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen, 5-MOP) as well as their use in cosmetics and medicine. Photo-addition of 5-MOP to DNA induces a phototoxic reaction followed by significant increase of human skin pigmentation with a proved consistent protection of epidermal cell DNA against further exposure to ultraviolet light. This property was used in suntan products, but the potential risk of photocarcinogenis stopped the development of such compositions. Medical indications include phototherapy of dermatoses like psoriasis and vitiligo (photochemotherapy, PUVA). More recent studies were developed concerning the melatoninergic potential of bergapten and its potential use in depression and sleep disturbances as well as the capacity of 5-MOP to block potassium channels, a potential symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis in demyelinated nerves. The anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal properties of bergamot oil will also be described as well as the most recent studies on its protection against neuropathic pain in cancer. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659527

Bioactivity of essential oils and their volatile aroma components / Hamdy A.E. Shaaban in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 203-212 Titre : Bioactivity of essential oils and their volatile aroma components : Review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hamdy A.E. Shaaban, Auteur ; Ahmed H. El-Ghorab, Auteur ; Takayuki Shibamoto, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 203-212 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Antibacteria  Antioxidant  Aromatherapy  Biological  activities  Essential  oil  Volatile  compounds Résumé : The bioactivity of essential oils and their flavor and fragrance components have been known since ancient times. Essential oils are a mixture of numerous compounds characterized by an essence of aromatic plants. Currently, approximately 3000 essential oils are known, 300 of which are commercially important, in particular for the pharmaceutical, food, household and cosmetic industries. Essential oils have been known to have various bioactivities including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant as well as other miscellaneous activities. Consequently, studies on the biological activities of essential oils have become increasingly important in the search for natural and safe alternative medicines in recent years. This review discusses various biological activities of essential oils and their components that have been reported in scientific references. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659528 [article] Bioactivity of essential oils and their volatile aroma components : Review [texte imprimé] / Hamdy A.E. Shaaban, Auteur ; Ahmed H. El-Ghorab, Auteur ; Takayuki Shibamoto, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 203-212. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 203-212 Mots-clés : Antibacteria  Antioxidant  Aromatherapy  Biological  activities  Essential  oil  Volatile  compounds Résumé : The bioactivity of essential oils and their flavor and fragrance components have been known since ancient times. Essential oils are a mixture of numerous compounds characterized by an essence of aromatic plants. Currently, approximately 3000 essential oils are known, 300 of which are commercially important, in particular for the pharmaceutical, food, household and cosmetic industries. Essential oils have been known to have various bioactivities including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antioxidant as well as other miscellaneous activities. Consequently, studies on the biological activities of essential oils have become increasingly important in the search for natural and safe alternative medicines in recent years. This review discusses various biological activities of essential oils and their components that have been reported in scientific references. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659528

The evolution of Citrus technology in Italy in the last decades / Vilfredo Raymo in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 213-216 Titre : The evolution of Citrus technology in Italy in the last decades Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vilfredo Raymo, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 213-216 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Technology  in  Citrus  processing  Essential  oils  Juices  By-products  Citrus  market  Food  safety Résumé : The author refers to the most important changes in processing in the Italian Citrus industry. This article reports on the technological improvements occurring both in oil and juice extraction, in order to obtain better and safer quality. The brief description also refers to the recent legal aspects concerning citrus products, from food laws and safety to environmental protection and the consumer exposure scenario. To end, a special mention is given to the most updated needs of the market for new products, taking into account the strict quality and shelf-life requirements. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659533 [article] The evolution of Citrus technology in Italy in the last decades [texte imprimé] / Vilfredo Raymo, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 213-216. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 24 N° 2 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 213-216 Mots-clés : Technology  in  Citrus  processing  Essential  oils  Juices  By-products  Citrus  market  Food  safety Résumé : The author refers to the most important changes in processing in the Italian Citrus industry. This article reports on the technological improvements occurring both in oil and juice extraction, in order to obtain better and safer quality. The brief description also refers to the recent legal aspects concerning citrus products, from food laws and safety to environmental protection and the consumer exposure scenario. To end, a special mention is given to the most updated needs of the market for new products, taking into account the strict quality and shelf-life requirements. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10412905.2012.659533

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