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Vol. 51 N° 46 - Novembre 2012 [texte imprimé] . - 2013 . - p. 14935-15298 : ill. ; 28 cm. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng)
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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierNovel in situ batch reactor with a facile catalyst separation device for biodiesel production / Yanjun Jiang in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012)
Titre : Novel in situ batch reactor with a facile catalyst separation device for biodiesel production Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yanjun Jiang, Auteur ; Hanqi Gu, Auteur ; Liya Zhou, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 14935-14940 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Production Catalyst Reactor Batchwise In situ Résumé : In an effort to reduce the production cost of biodiesel and realize the lipase recovery of the in situ transesterification technology, a reactor with facile catalyst separation device was developed in this study. Compared with conventional method of biodiesel production, this improved reactive extraction technology can realize not only the biodiesel synthesis in a single step, but also the separation of immobilized lipases from the oilseed residues easily. This technology may present a sustainable, economically attractive process for biodiesel production. J. curcas L. seed, methanol, Lipozyme TL IM, and cosolvent n-hexane were used in this study. The effect of various process parameters on the yield of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) was investigated. The highest FAMEs yield of 90.6% could be achieved under the optimum conditions: n-hexane/seed ratio of 3.5:1 mL/g, methanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1, 15% (w/w) of Lipozyme TL IM, reaction temperature of 45 °C, water content of 1.0%, and reaction time of 12 h. The lipase could maintain more than 40% of its initial activity after 13 batches operation under optimal reaction conditions. This simple in situ transesterification technology with facile catalyst separation device can be a potential route for biodiesel production, which may greatly reduce the processing steps and costs. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679612
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14935-14940[article] Novel in situ batch reactor with a facile catalyst separation device for biodiesel production [texte imprimé] / Yanjun Jiang, Auteur ; Hanqi Gu, Auteur ; Liya Zhou, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 14935-14940.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14935-14940
Mots-clés : Production Catalyst Reactor Batchwise In situ Résumé : In an effort to reduce the production cost of biodiesel and realize the lipase recovery of the in situ transesterification technology, a reactor with facile catalyst separation device was developed in this study. Compared with conventional method of biodiesel production, this improved reactive extraction technology can realize not only the biodiesel synthesis in a single step, but also the separation of immobilized lipases from the oilseed residues easily. This technology may present a sustainable, economically attractive process for biodiesel production. J. curcas L. seed, methanol, Lipozyme TL IM, and cosolvent n-hexane were used in this study. The effect of various process parameters on the yield of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) was investigated. The highest FAMEs yield of 90.6% could be achieved under the optimum conditions: n-hexane/seed ratio of 3.5:1 mL/g, methanol/oil molar ratio of 6:1, 15% (w/w) of Lipozyme TL IM, reaction temperature of 45 °C, water content of 1.0%, and reaction time of 12 h. The lipase could maintain more than 40% of its initial activity after 13 batches operation under optimal reaction conditions. This simple in situ transesterification technology with facile catalyst separation device can be a potential route for biodiesel production, which may greatly reduce the processing steps and costs. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679612 Exemplaires
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Titre : Swelling and Dye-Adsorption Characteristics of an Amphoteric Superabsorbent Polymer Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Neelesh Bharti Shukla, Auteur ; Shruti Rattan, Auteur ; Giridhar Madras, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 14941–14948 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adsorption Polymer Résumé : Amphoteric superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) based on the anionic monomer sodium acrylate (SA) and the cationic monomer [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (METAC) were synthesized by solution polymerization using N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent. The ratio of anionic to cationic repeat units was varied to obtain anionic, cationic, and amphoteric SAPs. The synthesized SAPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The equilibrium swelling capacity of the SAPs was found to be dependent on the nature and extent of the net charge on the SAPs but independent of pH. The equilibrium swelling capacity was lowest for the SAP whose ratio of anionic to cationic repeat units was unity. The equilibrium swelling capacity increased as this ratio deviated from unity. The adsorption of an anionic dye (orange G) and a cationic dye (methylene blue) was carried out from the individual solution as well as from their mixture. The adsorption of the dyes was found to be dependent on the nature and amount of net charge on the SAPs but independent of pH. The amount of the dye adsorbed decreased as the net charge on the amphoteric SAPs decreased. The amphoteric SAPs with net negative or positive charge selectively adsorbed oppositely charged dyes from the mixture, but the amounts adsorbed were lower than those adsorbed from the individual dye solutions. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301839z
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14941–14948[article] Swelling and Dye-Adsorption Characteristics of an Amphoteric Superabsorbent Polymer [texte imprimé] / Neelesh Bharti Shukla, Auteur ; Shruti Rattan, Auteur ; Giridhar Madras, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 14941–14948.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14941–14948
Mots-clés : Adsorption Polymer Résumé : Amphoteric superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) based on the anionic monomer sodium acrylate (SA) and the cationic monomer [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (METAC) were synthesized by solution polymerization using N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a cross-linking agent. The ratio of anionic to cationic repeat units was varied to obtain anionic, cationic, and amphoteric SAPs. The synthesized SAPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The equilibrium swelling capacity of the SAPs was found to be dependent on the nature and extent of the net charge on the SAPs but independent of pH. The equilibrium swelling capacity was lowest for the SAP whose ratio of anionic to cationic repeat units was unity. The equilibrium swelling capacity increased as this ratio deviated from unity. The adsorption of an anionic dye (orange G) and a cationic dye (methylene blue) was carried out from the individual solution as well as from their mixture. The adsorption of the dyes was found to be dependent on the nature and amount of net charge on the SAPs but independent of pH. The amount of the dye adsorbed decreased as the net charge on the amphoteric SAPs decreased. The amphoteric SAPs with net negative or positive charge selectively adsorbed oppositely charged dyes from the mixture, but the amounts adsorbed were lower than those adsorbed from the individual dye solutions. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301839z Exemplaires
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Titre : Mechanistic insights into thermal stability improvement of exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene by 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sun Hee Park, Auteur ; Joongyeon Kim, Auteur ; Jeong Hwan Chun, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 14949-14957 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermal stability Résumé : We investigated the thermal stability of exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (exo-THDCP, C10H16) in the absence and presence of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ), which acts as a hydrogen donor (H-donor). It was found that conversion of exo-THDCP was faster at the higher temperature. The increase in the rate of ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679614
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14949-14957[article] Mechanistic insights into thermal stability improvement of exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene by 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline [texte imprimé] / Sun Hee Park, Auteur ; Joongyeon Kim, Auteur ; Jeong Hwan Chun, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 14949-14957.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14949-14957
Mots-clés : Thermal stability Résumé : We investigated the thermal stability of exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (exo-THDCP, C10H16) in the absence and presence of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ), which acts as a hydrogen donor (H-donor). It was found that conversion of exo-THDCP was faster at the higher temperature. The increase in the rate of ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679614 Exemplaires
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Titre : Hydrothermal synthesis of Co3O4–graphene for heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate for decomposition of phenol Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yunjin Yao, Auteur ; Zeheng Yang, Auteur ; Hongqi Sun, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 14958-14965 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Activation Résumé : This paper reports the synthesis of Co3O4―reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrids and the catalytic performance in heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the decomposition of phenol. The surface morphologies and structures of the Co3O4―rGO hybrids were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Through an in situ chemical deposition and reduction, Co3O4―rGO hybrids with Co3O4 nanoparticles at an average size of 33 nm were produced. Catalytic testing showed that 20 mg/L of phenol could be completely oxidized in 20 min at 25 °C on Co3O4―rGO hybrids, which is mostly attributed to the generation of sulfate radicals through Co3O4-mediated activation of PMS. Phenol oxidation was fitted by a pseudo-zero-order kinetic model. The rate constant was found to increase with increasing temperature and PMS dosage, but to decrease with increasing initial phenol concentration. The combination of Co3O4 nanoparticles with graphene sheets leads to much higher catalytic activity than pure Co3O4. rGO plays an important role in Co3O4 dispersion and decomposition of phenol. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679615
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14958-14965[article] Hydrothermal synthesis of Co3O4–graphene for heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate for decomposition of phenol [texte imprimé] / Yunjin Yao, Auteur ; Zeheng Yang, Auteur ; Hongqi Sun, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 14958-14965.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14958-14965
Mots-clés : Activation Résumé : This paper reports the synthesis of Co3O4―reduced graphene oxide (rGO) hybrids and the catalytic performance in heterogeneous activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the decomposition of phenol. The surface morphologies and structures of the Co3O4―rGO hybrids were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Through an in situ chemical deposition and reduction, Co3O4―rGO hybrids with Co3O4 nanoparticles at an average size of 33 nm were produced. Catalytic testing showed that 20 mg/L of phenol could be completely oxidized in 20 min at 25 °C on Co3O4―rGO hybrids, which is mostly attributed to the generation of sulfate radicals through Co3O4-mediated activation of PMS. Phenol oxidation was fitted by a pseudo-zero-order kinetic model. The rate constant was found to increase with increasing temperature and PMS dosage, but to decrease with increasing initial phenol concentration. The combination of Co3O4 nanoparticles with graphene sheets leads to much higher catalytic activity than pure Co3O4. rGO plays an important role in Co3O4 dispersion and decomposition of phenol. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679615 Exemplaires
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Titre : Application of some condensed uracils as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel : Gravimetric, electrochemical, surface morphological, UV–visible, and theoretical investigations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dileep Kumar Yadav, Auteur ; Mumtaz Ahmad Quraishi, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 14966-14979 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ultraviolet radiation Mild steel Corrosion inhibitor Résumé : Gravimetric, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization resistance (LPR), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) studies were carried out to investigate the comparative corrosion protection efficiency of four condensed uracils (CUs) on mild steel in 1 M HCl. EIS plots indicated that the addition of inhibitors increases the charge-transfer resistance (Rct), decreases the double-layer capacitance (Cdl) of the corrosion process, and hence increases inhibition performance. Moreover, the thermodynamic activation parameters for the corrosion reaction were calculated and discussed in relation to the stability of the protective inhibitor layer. The morphology of the surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the surface composition was evaluated using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to verify the presence of inhibitor on the mild steel surface. Quantum chemical study suggests that the heterocyclic rings in these compounds are structurally essential for the protection of the mild steel surface. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679616
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14966-14979[article] Application of some condensed uracils as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel : Gravimetric, electrochemical, surface morphological, UV–visible, and theoretical investigations [texte imprimé] / Dileep Kumar Yadav, Auteur ; Mumtaz Ahmad Quraishi, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 14966-14979.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14966-14979
Mots-clés : Ultraviolet radiation Mild steel Corrosion inhibitor Résumé : Gravimetric, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization resistance (LPR), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) studies were carried out to investigate the comparative corrosion protection efficiency of four condensed uracils (CUs) on mild steel in 1 M HCl. EIS plots indicated that the addition of inhibitors increases the charge-transfer resistance (Rct), decreases the double-layer capacitance (Cdl) of the corrosion process, and hence increases inhibition performance. Moreover, the thermodynamic activation parameters for the corrosion reaction were calculated and discussed in relation to the stability of the protective inhibitor layer. The morphology of the surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the surface composition was evaluated using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to verify the presence of inhibitor on the mild steel surface. Quantum chemical study suggests that the heterocyclic rings in these compounds are structurally essential for the protection of the mild steel surface. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679616 Exemplaires
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Titre : Free-radical-induced degradation of aqueous polyethylene Oxide by UV/H2O2 : Experimental design, reaction mechanisms, and kinetic modeling Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Samira Ghafoori, Auteur ; Mehrab Mehrvar, Auteur ; Philip K. Chan, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 14980–14993 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Polyethylene Oxide Kinetic Résumé : The advanced oxidation of aqueous polyethylene oxide (PEO) is studied using the UV/H2O2 process in a batch recirculation photoreactor. The response surface methodology (RSM), combined with quadratic programming, is used for the experimental design, statistical analysis, and optimization of the process. In the second part, a detailed mathematical model is developed to predict the total organic carbon (TOC) removal as a function of time. Continuous distribution kinetics is applied to establish the kinetic model for the photodegradation of PEO. The model is validated at different influential operating conditions using experimental data obtained by a recirculating batch photoreactor. An excellent agreement between the model predictions and the experimental data is confirmed for all experimental conditions. Also, the intrinsic rate constants are estimated using an optimization algorithm. The model provides a good insight into the free-radical-induced degradation mechanisms and kinetics that could be considered for the process optimization. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3005995
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14980–14993[article] Free-radical-induced degradation of aqueous polyethylene Oxide by UV/H2O2 : Experimental design, reaction mechanisms, and kinetic modeling [texte imprimé] / Samira Ghafoori, Auteur ; Mehrab Mehrvar, Auteur ; Philip K. Chan, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 14980–14993.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14980–14993
Mots-clés : Polyethylene Oxide Kinetic Résumé : The advanced oxidation of aqueous polyethylene oxide (PEO) is studied using the UV/H2O2 process in a batch recirculation photoreactor. The response surface methodology (RSM), combined with quadratic programming, is used for the experimental design, statistical analysis, and optimization of the process. In the second part, a detailed mathematical model is developed to predict the total organic carbon (TOC) removal as a function of time. Continuous distribution kinetics is applied to establish the kinetic model for the photodegradation of PEO. The model is validated at different influential operating conditions using experimental data obtained by a recirculating batch photoreactor. An excellent agreement between the model predictions and the experimental data is confirmed for all experimental conditions. Also, the intrinsic rate constants are estimated using an optimization algorithm. The model provides a good insight into the free-radical-induced degradation mechanisms and kinetics that could be considered for the process optimization. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3005995 Exemplaires
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Titre : Production of benzene polycarboxylic acids from lignite by alkali-oxygen oxidation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wenhua Wang, Auteur ; Yucui Hou, Auteur ; Weize Wu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 14994–15003 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Polycarboxylic Acids Résumé : The oxidation of coal to produce high-valued benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs), which are obtained currently from diminishing petroleum reserves, is a promising industrial process of the future. Up to now, the yield distribution of BPCAs has not been studied in detail and the mechanism of coal oxidation to BPCAs remains unclear. In this study, Huolinhe lignite was oxidized in a batch reactor by alkali-oxygen oxidation. All 12 kinds of BPCAs obtained were quantified by a new established method. Effects of alkali/coal mass ratio, reaction temperature, initial oxygen pressure, and reaction time on the yield distribution of BPCAs were studied for the first time. The results indicate that BPCAs with four or five carboxyls are the predominant products, and BPCAs with one or two carboxyls are formed in a relatively short time; moreover, the formation of BPCAs with more carboxyls is relatively more sensitive to the salting out effect. CP/MAS 13C NMR spectra and oxidation of model compounds show that phenolic, ether-substituted aromatic, ether, and aldehyde groups are easily converted and that water-soluble acids (WSA) are formed rapidly and largely due to the breakage of these bonds. The step from WSA to BPCAs is relatively slow mainly due to the inertia of the aromatic clusters with attached carboxyls or carboxylate. On the whole, the BPCAs are derived from aromatic clusters through the oxidation of condensed benzene rings, bridges, or peripheral groups that are attached to the aromatic clusters. Possible mother units for BPCAs in the lignite are suggested based on the generally agreed lignite structure. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3021297
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14994–15003[article] Production of benzene polycarboxylic acids from lignite by alkali-oxygen oxidation [texte imprimé] / Wenhua Wang, Auteur ; Yucui Hou, Auteur ; Weize Wu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 14994–15003.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14994–15003
Mots-clés : Polycarboxylic Acids Résumé : The oxidation of coal to produce high-valued benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs), which are obtained currently from diminishing petroleum reserves, is a promising industrial process of the future. Up to now, the yield distribution of BPCAs has not been studied in detail and the mechanism of coal oxidation to BPCAs remains unclear. In this study, Huolinhe lignite was oxidized in a batch reactor by alkali-oxygen oxidation. All 12 kinds of BPCAs obtained were quantified by a new established method. Effects of alkali/coal mass ratio, reaction temperature, initial oxygen pressure, and reaction time on the yield distribution of BPCAs were studied for the first time. The results indicate that BPCAs with four or five carboxyls are the predominant products, and BPCAs with one or two carboxyls are formed in a relatively short time; moreover, the formation of BPCAs with more carboxyls is relatively more sensitive to the salting out effect. CP/MAS 13C NMR spectra and oxidation of model compounds show that phenolic, ether-substituted aromatic, ether, and aldehyde groups are easily converted and that water-soluble acids (WSA) are formed rapidly and largely due to the breakage of these bonds. The step from WSA to BPCAs is relatively slow mainly due to the inertia of the aromatic clusters with attached carboxyls or carboxylate. On the whole, the BPCAs are derived from aromatic clusters through the oxidation of condensed benzene rings, bridges, or peripheral groups that are attached to the aromatic clusters. Possible mother units for BPCAs in the lignite are suggested based on the generally agreed lignite structure. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3021297 Exemplaires
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Titre : Pd–Pb/SDB bimetallic catalysts for the direct oxidative esterification of methacrolein to methyl methacrylate Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Baohe Wang, Auteur ; Wenjuan Sun, Auteur ; Jing Zhu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15004-15010 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Esterification Oxidation Catalyst Résumé : Pd―Pb/SDB catalyst prepared by depositing lead and palladium on hydrophobic styrene-divinylbenzene (SDB) copolymer constitutes a new and highly efficient catalyst for the oxidative esterification of methacrolein with methanol to methyl methacrylate under mild conditions. Compared to the monometallic Pd/SDB catalyst and conventional hydrophilic catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3, the Pd―Pb/SDB bimetallic catalyst shows higher reaction rate and product selectivity. The Pd―Pb/SDB catalyst was prepared by impregnating method and characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, X-ray diffraction (XRD), environmental scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that Pd―Pb atoms formed intermetallic Pd3Pb1 crystals and the active component had a better dispersion and a smaller particle size than Pd/SDB. The SDB-supported catalyst could be recycled easily and reused, even up to seven cycles, without any appreciable loss efficiency. Based on the experimental results, the potential reaction mechanism was also proposed. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679619
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15004-15010[article] Pd–Pb/SDB bimetallic catalysts for the direct oxidative esterification of methacrolein to methyl methacrylate [texte imprimé] / Baohe Wang, Auteur ; Wenjuan Sun, Auteur ; Jing Zhu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15004-15010.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15004-15010
Mots-clés : Esterification Oxidation Catalyst Résumé : Pd―Pb/SDB catalyst prepared by depositing lead and palladium on hydrophobic styrene-divinylbenzene (SDB) copolymer constitutes a new and highly efficient catalyst for the oxidative esterification of methacrolein with methanol to methyl methacrylate under mild conditions. Compared to the monometallic Pd/SDB catalyst and conventional hydrophilic catalysts supported on γ-Al2O3, the Pd―Pb/SDB bimetallic catalyst shows higher reaction rate and product selectivity. The Pd―Pb/SDB catalyst was prepared by impregnating method and characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, X-ray diffraction (XRD), environmental scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that Pd―Pb atoms formed intermetallic Pd3Pb1 crystals and the active component had a better dispersion and a smaller particle size than Pd/SDB. The SDB-supported catalyst could be recycled easily and reused, even up to seven cycles, without any appreciable loss efficiency. Based on the experimental results, the potential reaction mechanism was also proposed. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679619 Exemplaires
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Titre : Axial dispersion based on the residence time distribution curves in a millireactor filled with β-SiC foam catalyst Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Meryem Saber, Auteur ; Cuong Pham-Huu, Auteur ; David Edouard, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15011-15017 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Catalyst foam Residence time distribution Axial mixing Résumé : The hydrodynamics of the platelet millireactor filled with different morphologies of the commercial open cell β-SiC foams (0.8 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679620
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15011-15017[article] Axial dispersion based on the residence time distribution curves in a millireactor filled with β-SiC foam catalyst [texte imprimé] / Meryem Saber, Auteur ; Cuong Pham-Huu, Auteur ; David Edouard, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15011-15017.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15011-15017
Mots-clés : Catalyst foam Residence time distribution Axial mixing Résumé : The hydrodynamics of the platelet millireactor filled with different morphologies of the commercial open cell β-SiC foams (0.8 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679620 Exemplaires
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Titre : Model development and validation of ethyl tert-butyl ether production reactors using industrial plant data Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Luís Domingues, Auteur ; Carla I. C. Pinheiro, Auteur ; Nuno M. C. Oliveira, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15011-15017 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Reactor Production Modeling Résumé : This work considers the development and validation of a first-principles dynamic model for the production of ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) in the presence of the coproducts diisobutene (DIB) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA). Desulfonation is assumed to be the main deactivation mechanism of the catalyst used, an acidic ion-exchange resin. Operational data from an industrial ETBE production plant, taken over the period of 1 year, were used to estimate both the deactivation and DIB kinetic constant parameters. A data reconciliation strategy was employed to convert the raw data into a consistent data set, representing the most likely process operation data. The parameters estimated were incorporated in a set of detailed mass and energy balances, together with additional kinetic and physical information from the literature, to originate a distributed parameter model capable of accurately describing the operation of two industrial reactors used for the production of ETBE. Model development and validation were performed in gPROMS Modelbuilder with the necessary physical properties calculated by Aspen Plus, through the CAPE-OPEN standard. The desulfonation decay order obtained was close to second order kinetics, previously proposed by other authors. The activation energy estimated for the desulfonation process was also comparable with past reported values, while the value of the pre-exponential factor for the desulfonation was slightly lower. Different temperature ranges and particle sizes are attributed as possible causes for the differences observed. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679621
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15011-15017[article] Model development and validation of ethyl tert-butyl ether production reactors using industrial plant data [texte imprimé] / Luís Domingues, Auteur ; Carla I. C. Pinheiro, Auteur ; Nuno M. C. Oliveira, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15011-15017.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15011-15017
Mots-clés : Reactor Production Modeling Résumé : This work considers the development and validation of a first-principles dynamic model for the production of ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE) in the presence of the coproducts diisobutene (DIB) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA). Desulfonation is assumed to be the main deactivation mechanism of the catalyst used, an acidic ion-exchange resin. Operational data from an industrial ETBE production plant, taken over the period of 1 year, were used to estimate both the deactivation and DIB kinetic constant parameters. A data reconciliation strategy was employed to convert the raw data into a consistent data set, representing the most likely process operation data. The parameters estimated were incorporated in a set of detailed mass and energy balances, together with additional kinetic and physical information from the literature, to originate a distributed parameter model capable of accurately describing the operation of two industrial reactors used for the production of ETBE. Model development and validation were performed in gPROMS Modelbuilder with the necessary physical properties calculated by Aspen Plus, through the CAPE-OPEN standard. The desulfonation decay order obtained was close to second order kinetics, previously proposed by other authors. The activation energy estimated for the desulfonation process was also comparable with past reported values, while the value of the pre-exponential factor for the desulfonation was slightly lower. Different temperature ranges and particle sizes are attributed as possible causes for the differences observed. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679621 Exemplaires
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Titre : Fundamentals of petroleum residue cracking gasification for coproduction of oil and syngas Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : YuMing Zhang, Auteur ; Deping Yu, Auteur ; Wangliang Li, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15032-15040 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Synthesis gas Gasification Cracking Petroleum Résumé : Vacuum residue (VR) was stepwise converted via catalytic cracking for liquid and coke gasification for hydrogen-rich syngas in a fluidized bed reactor. Silica sand and spent equilibrium FCC (E-FCC) catalyst were used as the catalysts for VR cracking. The liquid yield was about 89 wt % at 568 °C using silica sand as catalyst and the conversion ratio of heavy fractions was only 55%. About 60 wt % VR was converted into gas and coke over the E-FCC catalyst at 480 °C, showing that the catalyst had too strong acidity for VR cracking. The E-FCC catalyst was thus modified (aged) with both hydrothermal treatment and impregnation of alkali and alkaline-earth metals (K and Mg) to weaken its acidity and facilitate the liquid oil production. The aged FCC (A-FCC) catalyst exhibited appropriate cracking activity to allow both the expected liquid yield of about 80 wt % and heavy fraction conversion ratio of up to 98 wt %. Steam gasification of the deposited coke on the surface of the A-FCC catalyst resulted in the production of syngas containing CO and H2 content to be about 45 and 42 vol %, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679622
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15032-15040[article] Fundamentals of petroleum residue cracking gasification for coproduction of oil and syngas [texte imprimé] / YuMing Zhang, Auteur ; Deping Yu, Auteur ; Wangliang Li, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15032-15040.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15032-15040
Mots-clés : Synthesis gas Gasification Cracking Petroleum Résumé : Vacuum residue (VR) was stepwise converted via catalytic cracking for liquid and coke gasification for hydrogen-rich syngas in a fluidized bed reactor. Silica sand and spent equilibrium FCC (E-FCC) catalyst were used as the catalysts for VR cracking. The liquid yield was about 89 wt % at 568 °C using silica sand as catalyst and the conversion ratio of heavy fractions was only 55%. About 60 wt % VR was converted into gas and coke over the E-FCC catalyst at 480 °C, showing that the catalyst had too strong acidity for VR cracking. The E-FCC catalyst was thus modified (aged) with both hydrothermal treatment and impregnation of alkali and alkaline-earth metals (K and Mg) to weaken its acidity and facilitate the liquid oil production. The aged FCC (A-FCC) catalyst exhibited appropriate cracking activity to allow both the expected liquid yield of about 80 wt % and heavy fraction conversion ratio of up to 98 wt %. Steam gasification of the deposited coke on the surface of the A-FCC catalyst resulted in the production of syngas containing CO and H2 content to be about 45 and 42 vol %, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679622 Exemplaires
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Titre : Experiments and kinetic modeling for CO2 gasification of indian coal chars in the context of underground coal gasification Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ramesh Naidu Mandapati, Auteur ; Sateesh Daggupati, Auteur ; Sanjay M. Mahajani, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15041-15052 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Modeling Coal gasification Carbon dioxide Kinetic model Résumé : Gasification of four Indian coals is carried out in a CO2 atmosphere, using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) to determine the intrinsic kinetics over a temperature range of 800―1050 °C with different partial pressures of CO2. The applicability of three models, viz., the volumetric reaction model, the shrinking core model and the random pore model, is evaluated. Of these three models, the random pore model is found to be the most suitable for all the coals considered in the current study. The dependence of the reaction rate on the gas-phase partial pressures is explained by the Langmuir― Hinshelwood model, and the parameters for the inhibition due to CO and CO2 are determined by performing experiments at different partial pressures. In underground coal gasification, the reaction takes place on reasonably large sized coal particles, wherein diffusion effects are significant. A one-dimensional reaction diffusion model is therefore developed in order to determine the diffusional resistance in the coal particle, and values of diffusivity are estimated. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679623
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15041-15052[article] Experiments and kinetic modeling for CO2 gasification of indian coal chars in the context of underground coal gasification [texte imprimé] / Ramesh Naidu Mandapati, Auteur ; Sateesh Daggupati, Auteur ; Sanjay M. Mahajani, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15041-15052.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15041-15052
Mots-clés : Modeling Coal gasification Carbon dioxide Kinetic model Résumé : Gasification of four Indian coals is carried out in a CO2 atmosphere, using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) to determine the intrinsic kinetics over a temperature range of 800―1050 °C with different partial pressures of CO2. The applicability of three models, viz., the volumetric reaction model, the shrinking core model and the random pore model, is evaluated. Of these three models, the random pore model is found to be the most suitable for all the coals considered in the current study. The dependence of the reaction rate on the gas-phase partial pressures is explained by the Langmuir― Hinshelwood model, and the parameters for the inhibition due to CO and CO2 are determined by performing experiments at different partial pressures. In underground coal gasification, the reaction takes place on reasonably large sized coal particles, wherein diffusion effects are significant. A one-dimensional reaction diffusion model is therefore developed in order to determine the diffusional resistance in the coal particle, and values of diffusivity are estimated. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679623 Exemplaires
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Titre : Modeling the lignin degradation kinetics in a ethanol/formic acid solvolysis approach. Part 2. : Validation and transfer to variable conditions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Daniel Forchheim, Auteur ; James R. Gasson, Auteur ; Ursel Hornung, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15053-15063 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Kinetics Modeling Résumé : A formal kinetic model treating the depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of wheat straw lignin in ethanol with formic acid as hydrogen source developed by Gasson et al. [Gasson et al. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2012, 51 (32), 10595-10606J is validated and its applicability in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) at varying temperatures between 633 K and 673 K is tested. The fitted formal kinetic rate coefficients are compared and sensitivity and flux analyses are performed. Activation energies are estimated for the lumped reactions. The depolymerization to primary products is considerably accelerated when transferring the reaction from batch to a continuous operation. Higher heating rates and continuous feeding of the hydrogen donor formic acid aid in suppressing both gas and char production. Repolymerization of intermediate phenolic compounds is suppressed, which is suggested to be due to the interaction of intermediate and final products. The evaluation shows that a continuous system can aid in avoiding further gasification and charring of the intermediate products in this one-step lignin depolymerization deoxygenation reaction for the production of a phenol-rich bio-oil. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679624
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15053-15063[article] Modeling the lignin degradation kinetics in a ethanol/formic acid solvolysis approach. Part 2. : Validation and transfer to variable conditions [texte imprimé] / Daniel Forchheim, Auteur ; James R. Gasson, Auteur ; Ursel Hornung, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15053-15063.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15053-15063
Mots-clés : Kinetics Modeling Résumé : A formal kinetic model treating the depolymerization and hydrodeoxygenation of wheat straw lignin in ethanol with formic acid as hydrogen source developed by Gasson et al. [Gasson et al. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2012, 51 (32), 10595-10606J is validated and its applicability in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) at varying temperatures between 633 K and 673 K is tested. The fitted formal kinetic rate coefficients are compared and sensitivity and flux analyses are performed. Activation energies are estimated for the lumped reactions. The depolymerization to primary products is considerably accelerated when transferring the reaction from batch to a continuous operation. Higher heating rates and continuous feeding of the hydrogen donor formic acid aid in suppressing both gas and char production. Repolymerization of intermediate phenolic compounds is suppressed, which is suggested to be due to the interaction of intermediate and final products. The evaluation shows that a continuous system can aid in avoiding further gasification and charring of the intermediate products in this one-step lignin depolymerization deoxygenation reaction for the production of a phenol-rich bio-oil. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679624 Exemplaires
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Titre : Novel cyclolinear cyclotriphosphazene-linked epoxy resin for halogen-free fire resistance : Synthesis, characterization, and flammability characteristics Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yongwei Bai, Auteur ; Xiaodong Wang, Auteur ; Dezhen Wu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15064-15074 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Flammability Fire resistance Résumé : A novel halogen-free flame-retardant epoxy resin was designed by introducing phosphazene rings into the backbone in a cyclolinear-linked mode, and then it was synthesized through a three-step synthetic route. The chemical structures and compositions of all the cyclotriphosphazene precursors and the final product were confirmed by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal curing behaviors of the synthesized epoxy resin with dicyandiamide, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, and novolak as hardeners were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the thermal properties were also evaluated by DSC and thermogravimetric analysis. These thermosets achieved high glass transition temperatures over 150 °C and simultaneously displayed good thermal stability with high char yields. Moreover, these thermosets have higher tensile and flexural strength but lower impact toughness in comparison with the conventional epoxy thermosets. The flammability characteristics of the thermosets obtained by curing this epoxy with three hardeners were studied on the basis of the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL―94 vertical burning experiments as well as the analysis of residual chars of the tested bars after vertical burring. The high LOI values and the V―0 classification for these epoxy thermosets indicate that the incorporation of phosphazene rings into the molecular backbone imparts flame retardancy on the epoxy resin. This may result from a unique combination of phosphorus and nitrogen in the phosphazene ring. The epoxy resin synthesized in this study is a green functional polymer and may become a potential candidate for fire- and heat-resistant applications in electronic and microelectronic fields. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679625
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15064-15074[article] Novel cyclolinear cyclotriphosphazene-linked epoxy resin for halogen-free fire resistance : Synthesis, characterization, and flammability characteristics [texte imprimé] / Yongwei Bai, Auteur ; Xiaodong Wang, Auteur ; Dezhen Wu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15064-15074.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15064-15074
Mots-clés : Flammability Fire resistance Résumé : A novel halogen-free flame-retardant epoxy resin was designed by introducing phosphazene rings into the backbone in a cyclolinear-linked mode, and then it was synthesized through a three-step synthetic route. The chemical structures and compositions of all the cyclotriphosphazene precursors and the final product were confirmed by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal curing behaviors of the synthesized epoxy resin with dicyandiamide, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, and novolak as hardeners were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the thermal properties were also evaluated by DSC and thermogravimetric analysis. These thermosets achieved high glass transition temperatures over 150 °C and simultaneously displayed good thermal stability with high char yields. Moreover, these thermosets have higher tensile and flexural strength but lower impact toughness in comparison with the conventional epoxy thermosets. The flammability characteristics of the thermosets obtained by curing this epoxy with three hardeners were studied on the basis of the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL―94 vertical burning experiments as well as the analysis of residual chars of the tested bars after vertical burring. The high LOI values and the V―0 classification for these epoxy thermosets indicate that the incorporation of phosphazene rings into the molecular backbone imparts flame retardancy on the epoxy resin. This may result from a unique combination of phosphorus and nitrogen in the phosphazene ring. The epoxy resin synthesized in this study is a green functional polymer and may become a potential candidate for fire- and heat-resistant applications in electronic and microelectronic fields. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679625 Exemplaires
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Titre : Novel method for preparing activated carbons with high specific surface area from rice husk Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiaolan Song, Auteur ; Ying Zhang, Auteur ; Caimin Chang, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15075-15081 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Vegetal waste Rice by product Specific surface area Activated carbon Résumé : This study reports the novel dry activation for preparing activated carbon with a high specific surface area from rice husks using solid NaOH. Materials were characterized by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of mass ratio (1―4) and the activation process (dry activation or impregnation) on the surface area were studied, explicating the mechanism of pore development. With a mass ratio of 3, carbons prepared by dry activation possessed a much higher surface area of 2841 m2/g than the 933 m2/g for impregnation. For the adsorption of phenol, their maximum adsorption capacities were 351.4 and 160.8 mg/g, fitting with the Langmuir model. In addition, the economic analysis estimated a significant gross profit margin of 40.2% for the product. Therefore, it is demonstrated that dry activation is an effective and convenient method for obtaining low cost activated carbon with outstanding surface area. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679626
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15075-15081[article] Novel method for preparing activated carbons with high specific surface area from rice husk [texte imprimé] / Xiaolan Song, Auteur ; Ying Zhang, Auteur ; Caimin Chang, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15075-15081.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15075-15081
Mots-clés : Vegetal waste Rice by product Specific surface area Activated carbon Résumé : This study reports the novel dry activation for preparing activated carbon with a high specific surface area from rice husks using solid NaOH. Materials were characterized by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of mass ratio (1―4) and the activation process (dry activation or impregnation) on the surface area were studied, explicating the mechanism of pore development. With a mass ratio of 3, carbons prepared by dry activation possessed a much higher surface area of 2841 m2/g than the 933 m2/g for impregnation. For the adsorption of phenol, their maximum adsorption capacities were 351.4 and 160.8 mg/g, fitting with the Langmuir model. In addition, the economic analysis estimated a significant gross profit margin of 40.2% for the product. Therefore, it is demonstrated that dry activation is an effective and convenient method for obtaining low cost activated carbon with outstanding surface area. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679626 Exemplaires
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Titre : Investigation of thermal and combustion properties for intumescent flame-retardant ethylene–viny acetate composites containing ferrous disulfide Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lei Wang, Auteur ; Yuan Hu, Auteur ; Lei Song, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15082-15088 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Composite material Flame retardant Combustion Résumé : Ferrous disulfide (FeS2) nanocrystals were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal reaction. The FeS2 nanocrystals were then combined in intumescent flame-retardant ethylene―vinyl acetate (EVA/IFR) systems. Thermogravimetric analysis data indicate that the addition of FeS2 into the EVA/IFR composite can improve the char yields. Cone calorimeter results reveal that FeS2 and IFR can clearly change the decomposition behavior of EVA and form a char layer on the surface of the composites, consequently resulting in efficient reduction of the flammability parameters, such as the heat release rate, total heat release, and so on. Moreover, significant improvements are obtained in the limited oxygen index and Underwriters Laboratories 94 ratings. Laser Raman spectroscopy of residual char shows that the ordered carbon is increased with the addition of FeS2. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrates that FeS2 can help the EVA/IFR system form a dense char layer. The results of dynamic mechanical thermal analyses reveal that FeS2 can increase the glass transition temperature and the storage modulus of EVA/IFR. The mechanism is also proposed in this paper. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679627
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15082-15088[article] Investigation of thermal and combustion properties for intumescent flame-retardant ethylene–viny acetate composites containing ferrous disulfide [texte imprimé] / Lei Wang, Auteur ; Yuan Hu, Auteur ; Lei Song, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15082-15088.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15082-15088
Mots-clés : Composite material Flame retardant Combustion Résumé : Ferrous disulfide (FeS2) nanocrystals were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal reaction. The FeS2 nanocrystals were then combined in intumescent flame-retardant ethylene―vinyl acetate (EVA/IFR) systems. Thermogravimetric analysis data indicate that the addition of FeS2 into the EVA/IFR composite can improve the char yields. Cone calorimeter results reveal that FeS2 and IFR can clearly change the decomposition behavior of EVA and form a char layer on the surface of the composites, consequently resulting in efficient reduction of the flammability parameters, such as the heat release rate, total heat release, and so on. Moreover, significant improvements are obtained in the limited oxygen index and Underwriters Laboratories 94 ratings. Laser Raman spectroscopy of residual char shows that the ordered carbon is increased with the addition of FeS2. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrates that FeS2 can help the EVA/IFR system form a dense char layer. The results of dynamic mechanical thermal analyses reveal that FeS2 can increase the glass transition temperature and the storage modulus of EVA/IFR. The mechanism is also proposed in this paper. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679627 Exemplaires
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Titre : Adsorption of the uranyl ions on an amidoxime-based polyethylene nonwoven fabric prepared by preirradiation-induced emulsion graft polymerization Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiyan Liu, Auteur ; Hanzhou Liu, Auteur ; Hongjuan Ma, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15089–15095 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Uranyl ions Résumé : A polyethylene (PE) nonwoven fabric adsorbent with amidoxime (AO) groups denoted as PE-g-PAO is prepared by preirradiation-induced emulsion graft polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) and subsequent amidoximation of the nitrile groups of the poly(acetonitrile) (PAN) grafting chains with hydroxylamine (NH2OH). The chemical structure, thermal stability, and mechanical intensity are evaluated by means of Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile tests, respectively. The adsorption behavior of the uranyl ions in low initial concentrations over a range of 3–50 μg/L on the PE-g-PAO nonwoven fabric is studied by the batch technique at a pH value of 7.5 at different temperatures. It can be found that the temperature induces a positive effect on the adsorption process and the adsorption capacity increases with an increase of the uranyl ion initial concentration. The adsorption data obtained under the corresponding conditions are correlated with the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm models, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301965g
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15089–15095[article] Adsorption of the uranyl ions on an amidoxime-based polyethylene nonwoven fabric prepared by preirradiation-induced emulsion graft polymerization [texte imprimé] / Xiyan Liu, Auteur ; Hanzhou Liu, Auteur ; Hongjuan Ma, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15089–15095.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15089–15095
Mots-clés : Uranyl ions Résumé : A polyethylene (PE) nonwoven fabric adsorbent with amidoxime (AO) groups denoted as PE-g-PAO is prepared by preirradiation-induced emulsion graft polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) and subsequent amidoximation of the nitrile groups of the poly(acetonitrile) (PAN) grafting chains with hydroxylamine (NH2OH). The chemical structure, thermal stability, and mechanical intensity are evaluated by means of Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile tests, respectively. The adsorption behavior of the uranyl ions in low initial concentrations over a range of 3–50 μg/L on the PE-g-PAO nonwoven fabric is studied by the batch technique at a pH value of 7.5 at different temperatures. It can be found that the temperature induces a positive effect on the adsorption process and the adsorption capacity increases with an increase of the uranyl ion initial concentration. The adsorption data obtained under the corresponding conditions are correlated with the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich isotherm models, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301965g Exemplaires
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Titre : Exfoliated and optically transparent polycarbonate/clay nanocomposites using phosphonium modified organoclay : Preparation and characterizations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Supratim Suin, Auteur ; Bhanu B. Khatua, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15096-15108 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Preparation Nanocomposite Résumé : This investigation deals with the morphology and properties of polycarbonate (PC)/clay nanocomposites prepared by melt-blending and solution-blending, using benzyltriphenylphosphonium modified montmorillonite (BTPP+-MMT) clay. Isothermal thermogravimetric analysis of the BTPP+-MMT at 280 °C revealed higher stability of the BTPP+-MMT clay against thermal degradation at the processing temperature of PC. Wide angle X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and rheological studies indicated the presence of highly delaminated clay silicate layers in PC/BTPP+-MMT nanocomposites. A slight increase in glass transition temperature (Tg) of PC in the nanocomposites suggested the presence of an attractive interaction of PC chains with the clay silicates in the nanocomposites. The tensile strength and modulus of PC was increased with increasing content of clay in the nanocomposites. However, at certain clay loading, tensile strength and Young modulus of the melt-blended BTPP+-MMT nanocomposites were significantly higher than that of the solution-blended nanocomposites, indicating better dispersion and distribution of the clay silicates in melt-blended nanocomposites. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679629
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15096-15108[article] Exfoliated and optically transparent polycarbonate/clay nanocomposites using phosphonium modified organoclay : Preparation and characterizations [texte imprimé] / Supratim Suin, Auteur ; Bhanu B. Khatua, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15096-15108.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15096-15108
Mots-clés : Preparation Nanocomposite Résumé : This investigation deals with the morphology and properties of polycarbonate (PC)/clay nanocomposites prepared by melt-blending and solution-blending, using benzyltriphenylphosphonium modified montmorillonite (BTPP+-MMT) clay. Isothermal thermogravimetric analysis of the BTPP+-MMT at 280 °C revealed higher stability of the BTPP+-MMT clay against thermal degradation at the processing temperature of PC. Wide angle X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and rheological studies indicated the presence of highly delaminated clay silicate layers in PC/BTPP+-MMT nanocomposites. A slight increase in glass transition temperature (Tg) of PC in the nanocomposites suggested the presence of an attractive interaction of PC chains with the clay silicates in the nanocomposites. The tensile strength and modulus of PC was increased with increasing content of clay in the nanocomposites. However, at certain clay loading, tensile strength and Young modulus of the melt-blended BTPP+-MMT nanocomposites were significantly higher than that of the solution-blended nanocomposites, indicating better dispersion and distribution of the clay silicates in melt-blended nanocomposites. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679629 Exemplaires
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Titre : Effect of chemical and physical cross-linking on tensile characteristics of solution-blown soy protein nanofiber mats Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : S. Sinha-Ray, Auteur ; S. Khansari, Auteur ; A. L. Yarin, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15109-15121 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nanofiber Résumé : Solution-blown soy protein/nylon 6 nanofibers, 40/60 and 50/50 wt/wt %, were collected on a rotating aluminum drum in order to form a mat. The collected fiber mats were bonded both chemically (using aldehydes and ionic cross-linkers) and physically (by means of wet and thermal treatment) to increase the tensile strength to increase the range of application of such green nonwovens. Chemical cross-linkers bond different amino groups, primary amides, and sulfhydryl groups in protein structure. This is beneficial for the enhancement of tensile strength. Such mechanical properties of soy-protein-containing nanofiber mats as Young’s modulus, yield stress, and maximum stress and strain at rupture were measured for different cross-linkers at different contents. Overall, higher contents of cross-linking agents in soy protein nanofiber mats resulted in nanofibers with higher strength which was accompanied by a less plastic behavior. Treatment with ionic cross-linkers resulted in nanofiber mats with higher Young’s modulus of the mats. Covalent bonds formed by aldehyde groups had a smaller effect on the mat strength. As cross-linked nanofibers were exposed to heat, the bonds formed between amino groups in the fibers were broken and they became less aggregated. The overall increase of about 50% in tensile strength as a result of thermal bonding under compression was observed. In addition, wet conglutination of soy protein/nylon 6 nanofiber mats for 24 h under 6 kPa pressure led to partial physical cross-linking of nanofibers and, consequently, to a 65% increase in Young’s modulus. Solution-blown soy protein/nylon 6 nanofiber mats were also subjected to aging in water for 1 h at 80 °C. An enhancement in the tensile strength of soy protein nanofiber mats was revealed after the exposure to water, as well as a slight plasticizing effect. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie302359x
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15109-15121[article] Effect of chemical and physical cross-linking on tensile characteristics of solution-blown soy protein nanofiber mats [texte imprimé] / S. Sinha-Ray, Auteur ; S. Khansari, Auteur ; A. L. Yarin, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15109-15121.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15109-15121
Mots-clés : Nanofiber Résumé : Solution-blown soy protein/nylon 6 nanofibers, 40/60 and 50/50 wt/wt %, were collected on a rotating aluminum drum in order to form a mat. The collected fiber mats were bonded both chemically (using aldehydes and ionic cross-linkers) and physically (by means of wet and thermal treatment) to increase the tensile strength to increase the range of application of such green nonwovens. Chemical cross-linkers bond different amino groups, primary amides, and sulfhydryl groups in protein structure. This is beneficial for the enhancement of tensile strength. Such mechanical properties of soy-protein-containing nanofiber mats as Young’s modulus, yield stress, and maximum stress and strain at rupture were measured for different cross-linkers at different contents. Overall, higher contents of cross-linking agents in soy protein nanofiber mats resulted in nanofibers with higher strength which was accompanied by a less plastic behavior. Treatment with ionic cross-linkers resulted in nanofiber mats with higher Young’s modulus of the mats. Covalent bonds formed by aldehyde groups had a smaller effect on the mat strength. As cross-linked nanofibers were exposed to heat, the bonds formed between amino groups in the fibers were broken and they became less aggregated. The overall increase of about 50% in tensile strength as a result of thermal bonding under compression was observed. In addition, wet conglutination of soy protein/nylon 6 nanofiber mats for 24 h under 6 kPa pressure led to partial physical cross-linking of nanofibers and, consequently, to a 65% increase in Young’s modulus. Solution-blown soy protein/nylon 6 nanofiber mats were also subjected to aging in water for 1 h at 80 °C. An enhancement in the tensile strength of soy protein nanofiber mats was revealed after the exposure to water, as well as a slight plasticizing effect. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie302359x Exemplaires
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Titre : Carbon dioxide liquefaction process for ship transportation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ung Lee, Auteur ; Seeyub Yang, Auteur ; Yeong Su Jeong, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15122–15131 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Liquefaction process Résumé : CO2 liquefaction is an essential process for long-distance ship transportation. The conventional CO2 liquefaction process employs either an external coolant or liquid expansion followed by multistage compression to obtain liquefied CO2 at low pressure. However, these processes consume considerable amounts of energy, which presents an obstacle to commercialization. Thus, the CO2 liquefaction process needs to be carefully researched and designed to reduce the operating energy. In this study, two alternative CO2 liquefaction processes are proposed and evaluated. These alternative processes use multistage expansion and multistream heat exchangers to lower the input stream temperature for the compressor. In addition, the system is operated in a more efficient manner by operating the process with an optimized compression ratio. Evaluation of the economic feasibility was performed in this study for a complete assessment of the alternative processes. As a result, about 98.1 kWh/t of CO2 was consumed for alternative process 2, which is only 91.8% of the total operating energy of existing CO2 liquefaction processes, and the CO2 liquefaction costs for alternative process 2 were reduced by 5.5%. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie300431z
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15122–15131[article] Carbon dioxide liquefaction process for ship transportation [texte imprimé] / Ung Lee, Auteur ; Seeyub Yang, Auteur ; Yeong Su Jeong, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15122–15131.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15122–15131
Mots-clés : Liquefaction process Résumé : CO2 liquefaction is an essential process for long-distance ship transportation. The conventional CO2 liquefaction process employs either an external coolant or liquid expansion followed by multistage compression to obtain liquefied CO2 at low pressure. However, these processes consume considerable amounts of energy, which presents an obstacle to commercialization. Thus, the CO2 liquefaction process needs to be carefully researched and designed to reduce the operating energy. In this study, two alternative CO2 liquefaction processes are proposed and evaluated. These alternative processes use multistage expansion and multistream heat exchangers to lower the input stream temperature for the compressor. In addition, the system is operated in a more efficient manner by operating the process with an optimized compression ratio. Evaluation of the economic feasibility was performed in this study for a complete assessment of the alternative processes. As a result, about 98.1 kWh/t of CO2 was consumed for alternative process 2, which is only 91.8% of the total operating energy of existing CO2 liquefaction processes, and the CO2 liquefaction costs for alternative process 2 were reduced by 5.5%. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie300431z Exemplaires
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Titre : A CFD modeling approach to design a new gas barrier in a multizone circulating polymerization reactor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Wei-Cheng Yan, Auteur ; Guo-Qiang Chen, Auteur ; Zheng-Hong Luo, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15132-15144 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Polymerization reactor Design ModelingComputational fluid dynamics Résumé : In this work, the CFD modeling approach, which is an old approach in chemical engineering, is extended to the propylene polymerization process in a multizone circulating reactor (MZCR) in order to design a new gas-barrier system in the MZCR from the fluid-dynamics viewpoint. First, the CFD modeling approach based on an Eulerian-Eulerian model, incorporating a kinetic theory of granular flow, is applied to describe the gas―solid flow in a polypropylene MZCR. Furthermore, the modeling approach is used to obtain important operation data of the gas-barrier inlet and to optimize the gas-barrier inlet configuration. Accordingly, the entire field in the MZCR with the optimal gas-barrier system above is predicted. The simulation results show that the four-way tangential gas-barrier configuration is suitable in the MZCR, which is the first use of a gas-barrier inlet that allows an optimal flow field in the MZCR. This article has reported an old approach in chemical engineering that has been applied to a new field for the purpose of designing a new gas barrier, which opens up a new research field in the olefin polymerization process. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679632
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15132-15144[article] A CFD modeling approach to design a new gas barrier in a multizone circulating polymerization reactor [texte imprimé] / Wei-Cheng Yan, Auteur ; Guo-Qiang Chen, Auteur ; Zheng-Hong Luo, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15132-15144.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15132-15144
Mots-clés : Polymerization reactor Design ModelingComputational fluid dynamics Résumé : In this work, the CFD modeling approach, which is an old approach in chemical engineering, is extended to the propylene polymerization process in a multizone circulating reactor (MZCR) in order to design a new gas-barrier system in the MZCR from the fluid-dynamics viewpoint. First, the CFD modeling approach based on an Eulerian-Eulerian model, incorporating a kinetic theory of granular flow, is applied to describe the gas―solid flow in a polypropylene MZCR. Furthermore, the modeling approach is used to obtain important operation data of the gas-barrier inlet and to optimize the gas-barrier inlet configuration. Accordingly, the entire field in the MZCR with the optimal gas-barrier system above is predicted. The simulation results show that the four-way tangential gas-barrier configuration is suitable in the MZCR, which is the first use of a gas-barrier inlet that allows an optimal flow field in the MZCR. This article has reported an old approach in chemical engineering that has been applied to a new field for the purpose of designing a new gas barrier, which opens up a new research field in the olefin polymerization process. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679632 Exemplaires
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Titre : Dynamics of CO2 adsorption on amine adsorbents. 1. : Impact of heat effects Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Praveen Bollini, Auteur ; Nicholas A. Brunelli, Auteur ; Stephanie A. Didas, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15145-15152 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adsorption Carbon dioxide Résumé : The packed bed heat and mass transfer dynamics of CO2 adsorption onto a 3-aminopropylsilyl-functionalized SBA-15 silica material are reported. Concentration measurements at the outlet of the packed bed and temperature profiles inside the bed are measured simultaneously. Heat and mass transfer models in conjunction with the linear driving force rate model are used to simulate the concentration and temperature profiles in the bed. The heat and mass transfer processes in the amine adsorbent packed bed are successfully captured by the model, and comparison of isothermal and nonisothermal models reveals that isothermal models provide an accurate description of the dynamic mass transport behavior in the adsorption column under the experimental conditions used in this study. The results help establish that under certain experimental conditions, heat effects in amine adsorbent packed beds have a negligible effect on CO2 breakthrough, and simple isothermal models can be used to accurately assess adsorption kinetics. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679633
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15145-15152[article] Dynamics of CO2 adsorption on amine adsorbents. 1. : Impact of heat effects [texte imprimé] / Praveen Bollini, Auteur ; Nicholas A. Brunelli, Auteur ; Stephanie A. Didas, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15145-15152.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15145-15152
Mots-clés : Adsorption Carbon dioxide Résumé : The packed bed heat and mass transfer dynamics of CO2 adsorption onto a 3-aminopropylsilyl-functionalized SBA-15 silica material are reported. Concentration measurements at the outlet of the packed bed and temperature profiles inside the bed are measured simultaneously. Heat and mass transfer models in conjunction with the linear driving force rate model are used to simulate the concentration and temperature profiles in the bed. The heat and mass transfer processes in the amine adsorbent packed bed are successfully captured by the model, and comparison of isothermal and nonisothermal models reveals that isothermal models provide an accurate description of the dynamic mass transport behavior in the adsorption column under the experimental conditions used in this study. The results help establish that under certain experimental conditions, heat effects in amine adsorbent packed beds have a negligible effect on CO2 breakthrough, and simple isothermal models can be used to accurately assess adsorption kinetics. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679633 Exemplaires
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Titre : Dynamics of CO2 adsorption on amine adsorbents. 2. : Insights into adsorbent design Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Praveen Bollini, Auteur ; Nicholas A. Brunelli, Auteur ; Stephanie A. Didas, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15153-15162 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Design Adsorption Carbon dioxide Résumé : Packed bed breakthrough experiments are reported for commercial zeolite 13X and 3-aminopropyl-functionalized SBA-15 silica materials with three different amine loadings. Mass and heat transfer dynamics for all four materials are modeled successfully. Amine adsorbents with open pores are found to exhibit faster mass diffusion rates compared to zeolite 13X. When amine loading is increased by coupling aminopropyl groups, premature breakthrough combined with a long tail is observed. Contrary to conventional physisorbants, finite heat losses to the column wall do not explain the long breakthrough tail. A rate model that accounts for heterogeneity in diffusion was found to accurately capture the breakthrough shape of the high loading material. Batch uptake measurements support the hypothesis that slow diffusion through the polymer phase is what hampers adsorption kinetics in the high amine loading adsorbent. The results emphasize the importance of designing materials that are not overloaded with amine sites, as excessive amine loadings can lead to depressed adsorption kinetics and premature column breakthrough. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679634
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15153-15162[article] Dynamics of CO2 adsorption on amine adsorbents. 2. : Insights into adsorbent design [texte imprimé] / Praveen Bollini, Auteur ; Nicholas A. Brunelli, Auteur ; Stephanie A. Didas, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15153-15162.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15153-15162
Mots-clés : Design Adsorption Carbon dioxide Résumé : Packed bed breakthrough experiments are reported for commercial zeolite 13X and 3-aminopropyl-functionalized SBA-15 silica materials with three different amine loadings. Mass and heat transfer dynamics for all four materials are modeled successfully. Amine adsorbents with open pores are found to exhibit faster mass diffusion rates compared to zeolite 13X. When amine loading is increased by coupling aminopropyl groups, premature breakthrough combined with a long tail is observed. Contrary to conventional physisorbants, finite heat losses to the column wall do not explain the long breakthrough tail. A rate model that accounts for heterogeneity in diffusion was found to accurately capture the breakthrough shape of the high loading material. Batch uptake measurements support the hypothesis that slow diffusion through the polymer phase is what hampers adsorption kinetics in the high amine loading adsorbent. The results emphasize the importance of designing materials that are not overloaded with amine sites, as excessive amine loadings can lead to depressed adsorption kinetics and premature column breakthrough. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679634 Exemplaires
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Titre : AM-TEPA impregnated disordered mesoporous silica as CO2 capture adsorbent for balanced adsorption–desorption properties Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiaoyun Zhang, Auteur ; Xiuxin Zheng, Auteur ; Sisi Zhang, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15163–15169 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mesoporous silica Résumé : A disordered mesoporous silica was found to be a promising solid support for CO2 capture. It was prepared with a process similar to that for MCM-41. X-ray diffraction characterization (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed its disordered structure. N2 adsorption–desorption tests indicated that its average pore size is significantly larger than that of MCM-41. On this support was deposited acrylamide (AM)-modified tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), resulting in an adsorbent suitable for CO2 capture. This material exhibited well balanced adsorption and desorption properties. Substantially higher CO2 adsorption capacity (159.1 mg/g-adsorbent) was obtained with pure CO2 at 25 °C, and satisfactory stability during 12 adsorption–desorption turnovers was achieved. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie300180u
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15163–15169[article] AM-TEPA impregnated disordered mesoporous silica as CO2 capture adsorbent for balanced adsorption–desorption properties [texte imprimé] / Xiaoyun Zhang, Auteur ; Xiuxin Zheng, Auteur ; Sisi Zhang, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15163–15169.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15163–15169
Mots-clés : Mesoporous silica Résumé : A disordered mesoporous silica was found to be a promising solid support for CO2 capture. It was prepared with a process similar to that for MCM-41. X-ray diffraction characterization (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed its disordered structure. N2 adsorption–desorption tests indicated that its average pore size is significantly larger than that of MCM-41. On this support was deposited acrylamide (AM)-modified tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), resulting in an adsorbent suitable for CO2 capture. This material exhibited well balanced adsorption and desorption properties. Substantially higher CO2 adsorption capacity (159.1 mg/g-adsorbent) was obtained with pure CO2 at 25 °C, and satisfactory stability during 12 adsorption–desorption turnovers was achieved. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie300180u Exemplaires
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Titre : Washing of uranyl nitrate hexahydrate crystals with nitric acid aqueous solution to improve crystal quality Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Masaumi Nakahara, Auteur ; Yasuo Nakajima, Auteur ; Tsutomu Koizumi, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp.15170–15175 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nitrate Crystals Résumé : To develop a uranium crystallization process for advanced aqueous reprocessing, two method experiments were investigated to evaluate the effect of crystal washing on uranyl nitrate hexahydrate (UNH). In one experiment, crystal washing was carried out using a uranyl nitrate solution with varying concentrations of HNO3 in washing solutions, and in the other, it was conducted with a dissolver solution of the irradiated fast neutron reactor core fuel. In the crystal washing experiments with the uranyl nitrate solution, the UNH crystals were immersed into a uranyl nitrate solution containing Ce, which was washed out in the mother liquor on the surface of the UNH crystals using an HNO3 solution. The experimental results showed that the decontamination factor (DF) of Ce increased with decreasing HNO3 concentration of the washing solution. However, because the UNH crystals tended to dissolve in low HNO3 concentration solutions, the yield decreased as a result of the washing operation. In the crystallization experiment using a dissolver solution derived from the irradiated fast neutron reactor core fuel, the DFs of the liquid impurities for the UNH crystals were improved with each crystal washing. However, their values approached a constant value because the inclusions within the UNH crystal were not removed by the crystal washing operation. On the other hand, solid impurities such as Cs2Pu(NO3)6 and Ba(NO3)2 remained in the UNH crystals after several crystal washing operations. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3013067
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp.15170–15175[article] Washing of uranyl nitrate hexahydrate crystals with nitric acid aqueous solution to improve crystal quality [texte imprimé] / Masaumi Nakahara, Auteur ; Yasuo Nakajima, Auteur ; Tsutomu Koizumi, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp.15170–15175.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp.15170–15175
Mots-clés : Nitrate Crystals Résumé : To develop a uranium crystallization process for advanced aqueous reprocessing, two method experiments were investigated to evaluate the effect of crystal washing on uranyl nitrate hexahydrate (UNH). In one experiment, crystal washing was carried out using a uranyl nitrate solution with varying concentrations of HNO3 in washing solutions, and in the other, it was conducted with a dissolver solution of the irradiated fast neutron reactor core fuel. In the crystal washing experiments with the uranyl nitrate solution, the UNH crystals were immersed into a uranyl nitrate solution containing Ce, which was washed out in the mother liquor on the surface of the UNH crystals using an HNO3 solution. The experimental results showed that the decontamination factor (DF) of Ce increased with decreasing HNO3 concentration of the washing solution. However, because the UNH crystals tended to dissolve in low HNO3 concentration solutions, the yield decreased as a result of the washing operation. In the crystallization experiment using a dissolver solution derived from the irradiated fast neutron reactor core fuel, the DFs of the liquid impurities for the UNH crystals were improved with each crystal washing. However, their values approached a constant value because the inclusions within the UNH crystal were not removed by the crystal washing operation. On the other hand, solid impurities such as Cs2Pu(NO3)6 and Ba(NO3)2 remained in the UNH crystals after several crystal washing operations. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3013067 Exemplaires
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Titre : Active vapor split control for dividing-wall columns Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Deeptanshu Dwivedi, Auteur ; Jens P. Strandberg, Auteur ; Ivar J. Halvorsen, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15176-15183 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Distillation columns Energy Résumé : Dividing-wall distillation columns offer large potential energy savings over conventional column sequences, typically up to 30% for three-product (Petlyuk) columns and 40% for four-product (Kaibel) columns. However, the energy required for a separation depends on using an optimal vapor split. Hence, the energy saving potential may be lost if the column is operated away from its optimal point, for example, due to feed composition changes. This work demonstrates experimentally that the vapor split can be effectively used as a degree of freedom during operation, for example, for temperature control in the prefractionator section. Together with an adjustable liquid split, the vapor split control allows for minimizing the energy requirements. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3014346
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15176-15183[article] Active vapor split control for dividing-wall columns [texte imprimé] / Deeptanshu Dwivedi, Auteur ; Jens P. Strandberg, Auteur ; Ivar J. Halvorsen, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15176-15183.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15176-15183
Mots-clés : Distillation columns Energy Résumé : Dividing-wall distillation columns offer large potential energy savings over conventional column sequences, typically up to 30% for three-product (Petlyuk) columns and 40% for four-product (Kaibel) columns. However, the energy required for a separation depends on using an optimal vapor split. Hence, the energy saving potential may be lost if the column is operated away from its optimal point, for example, due to feed composition changes. This work demonstrates experimentally that the vapor split can be effectively used as a degree of freedom during operation, for example, for temperature control in the prefractionator section. Together with an adjustable liquid split, the vapor split control allows for minimizing the energy requirements. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3014346 Exemplaires
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Titre : Separation of Bi(III) and Sb(III) from Cu(II) HCl/H2SO4 mixed media by supported liquid membranes using cyanex 921 as carrier Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Luis A. Santiago-Santiago, Auteur ; J. Antonio Reyes-Aguilera, Auteur ; M. P. Gonzalez, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15184-15192 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Membrane separation Supported liquid membranes Résumé : We present a systematic study of the separation of Bi(III) and Sb(III) contained in acidic HCl/H2SO4 aqueous solutions of Cu(II), by SLM, using Cyanex 921 as carrier. The transfer of Sb(III), Bi(lII) and Cu(II) was evaluated in order to determine the efficiency and selectivity of the specific SLM developed. Using a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microporous membrane impregnated with Cyanex 921, as SLM, we studied the influence of the characteristics of the stripping solution and the effect of temperature on the membrane efficiency and stability. Recovery rates of Sb(III) and Bi(III) were close to 99%, while Cu(II) was barely transferred into the stripping solution. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301447x
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15184-15192[article] Separation of Bi(III) and Sb(III) from Cu(II) HCl/H2SO4 mixed media by supported liquid membranes using cyanex 921 as carrier [texte imprimé] / Luis A. Santiago-Santiago, Auteur ; J. Antonio Reyes-Aguilera, Auteur ; M. P. Gonzalez, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15184-15192.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15184-15192
Mots-clés : Membrane separation Supported liquid membranes Résumé : We present a systematic study of the separation of Bi(III) and Sb(III) contained in acidic HCl/H2SO4 aqueous solutions of Cu(II), by SLM, using Cyanex 921 as carrier. The transfer of Sb(III), Bi(lII) and Cu(II) was evaluated in order to determine the efficiency and selectivity of the specific SLM developed. Using a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microporous membrane impregnated with Cyanex 921, as SLM, we studied the influence of the characteristics of the stripping solution and the effect of temperature on the membrane efficiency and stability. Recovery rates of Sb(III) and Bi(III) were close to 99%, while Cu(II) was barely transferred into the stripping solution. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301447x Exemplaires
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Titre : Solubility and modeling of sodium aluminosilicate in NaOH–NaAl(OH)4 solutions and its application to desilication Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lanmu Zeng, Auteur ; Zhibao Li, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15193-15206 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Modeling Solubility Résumé : The solubility of sodium aluminosilicate (sodalite), a major desilication product (DSP) in the Bayer process, in NaOH and NaOH―NaAl(OH)4 solutions was determined and modeled at temperatures from 303.2 to 348.2 K. Sodium aluminosilicate was synthesized in a batch crystallizer and the effect of temperature, solution concentrations, and aging time was investigated. Solubility was found to increase with increasing NaOH concentration while the solubility sharply decreases with the addition of Al(OH)3, reaches a minimum at about 0.8 mol·L―1, and then increases. A mixed-solvent electrolyte (MSE) model for the solubility of sodalite was developed with the help of the OLI platform via regression to obtain the model parameters. In addition, the desilication kinetics of NaOH―NaAl(OH)4 solutions by using sodalite as seeds was studied experimentally and modeled with the aid of a second order kinetic model. The activation energy of desilication over the temperature range 323.2― 363.2 K was found to be 92 ± 14 kJ·mol―1. Under the optimal operation conditions, 80% silica was removed after 2 h. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679639
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15193-15206[article] Solubility and modeling of sodium aluminosilicate in NaOH–NaAl(OH)4 solutions and its application to desilication [texte imprimé] / Lanmu Zeng, Auteur ; Zhibao Li, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15193-15206.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15193-15206
Mots-clés : Modeling Solubility Résumé : The solubility of sodium aluminosilicate (sodalite), a major desilication product (DSP) in the Bayer process, in NaOH and NaOH―NaAl(OH)4 solutions was determined and modeled at temperatures from 303.2 to 348.2 K. Sodium aluminosilicate was synthesized in a batch crystallizer and the effect of temperature, solution concentrations, and aging time was investigated. Solubility was found to increase with increasing NaOH concentration while the solubility sharply decreases with the addition of Al(OH)3, reaches a minimum at about 0.8 mol·L―1, and then increases. A mixed-solvent electrolyte (MSE) model for the solubility of sodalite was developed with the help of the OLI platform via regression to obtain the model parameters. In addition, the desilication kinetics of NaOH―NaAl(OH)4 solutions by using sodalite as seeds was studied experimentally and modeled with the aid of a second order kinetic model. The activation energy of desilication over the temperature range 323.2― 363.2 K was found to be 92 ± 14 kJ·mol―1. Under the optimal operation conditions, 80% silica was removed after 2 h. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679639 Exemplaires
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Titre : Transportation of catechin (±C) using physiologically benign vegetable oil as liquid membrane Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mriganka Sekhar Manna, Auteur ; Kamal Kumar Bhatluri, Auteur ; Prabirkumar Saha, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15207–15216 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Vegetable oil Liquid membrane Résumé : This paper presents an experimental study on the simultaneous extraction and recovery of catechin through bulk liquid membrane (BLM). Various environmentally benign solvents, namely vegetable oils, have been used as liquid membrane along with various transport-enhancing carrier agents to identify the best solute–carrier combination that would yield optimum performance of the BLM. Tributyl phosphate (TBP) (carrier) in sunflower oil (SFO) (solvent) is found to be the best among the tested combinations. Initially two-phase (feed–membrane) equilibrium studies have been carried out in order to study the effects of operating conditions, namely pH, temperature, initial feed concentration, and carrier concentration, on the equilibrium distribution. Based on these results, simultaneous extraction and recovery of the catechin have been carried out in a BLM type liquid membrane configuration using ethanol as the stripping agent and the optimum operating conditions are redefined accordingly. Seventy percent extraction and 44% recovery of the catechin have been achieved respectively at the optimum conditions of the parameters namely 0.36 M TBP in the membrane phase, 0.2 M ethanol as stripping agent, 400 rpm stirring speed, and 25 °C temperature from an initial aqueous feed of 4.0 pH and 100 mg L–1 concentration. Maximum fluxes of the extraction and recovery were found as 5.7 × 10–9 g cm–2 s–1 and 4.9× 10–9 g cm–2 s–1, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3017863
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15207–15216[article] Transportation of catechin (±C) using physiologically benign vegetable oil as liquid membrane [texte imprimé] / Mriganka Sekhar Manna, Auteur ; Kamal Kumar Bhatluri, Auteur ; Prabirkumar Saha, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15207–15216.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15207–15216
Mots-clés : Vegetable oil Liquid membrane Résumé : This paper presents an experimental study on the simultaneous extraction and recovery of catechin through bulk liquid membrane (BLM). Various environmentally benign solvents, namely vegetable oils, have been used as liquid membrane along with various transport-enhancing carrier agents to identify the best solute–carrier combination that would yield optimum performance of the BLM. Tributyl phosphate (TBP) (carrier) in sunflower oil (SFO) (solvent) is found to be the best among the tested combinations. Initially two-phase (feed–membrane) equilibrium studies have been carried out in order to study the effects of operating conditions, namely pH, temperature, initial feed concentration, and carrier concentration, on the equilibrium distribution. Based on these results, simultaneous extraction and recovery of the catechin have been carried out in a BLM type liquid membrane configuration using ethanol as the stripping agent and the optimum operating conditions are redefined accordingly. Seventy percent extraction and 44% recovery of the catechin have been achieved respectively at the optimum conditions of the parameters namely 0.36 M TBP in the membrane phase, 0.2 M ethanol as stripping agent, 400 rpm stirring speed, and 25 °C temperature from an initial aqueous feed of 4.0 pH and 100 mg L–1 concentration. Maximum fluxes of the extraction and recovery were found as 5.7 × 10–9 g cm–2 s–1 and 4.9× 10–9 g cm–2 s–1, respectively. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3017863 Exemplaires
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Titre : U-Shaped BaCo0.7Fe0.2Ta0.1O3 − δ hollow - fiber membranes with high permeation for oxygen separation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Qing Liao, Auteur ; Qin Zheng, Auteur ; Jian Xue, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15217–15223 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Hollow fiber membrane Résumé : Dense perovskite hollow-fiber membranes based on BaCo0.7Fe0.2Ta0.1O3−δ (BCFT) are prepared by a phase inversion spinning process. The thermal cycling performance and the dependences of oxygen permeation on the air flow rate on the shell side, the helium flow rate on the core side, the oxygen partial pressures, and the operating temperatures are experimentally investigated. The oxygen transport through the U-shaped hollow-fiber membrane is controlled by both surface reaction and bulk diffusion at the temperature ranges of 750–950 °C, whereas the oxygen permeation is predominantly controlled by the surface reaction at 700 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of the spent hollow-fiber membrane after oxygen permeation for 250 h show the good stability of the U-shaped BCFT hollow-fiber membrane. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301789t
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15217–15223[article] U-Shaped BaCo0.7Fe0.2Ta0.1O3 − δ hollow - fiber membranes with high permeation for oxygen separation [texte imprimé] / Qing Liao, Auteur ; Qin Zheng, Auteur ; Jian Xue, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15217–15223.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15217–15223
Mots-clés : Hollow fiber membrane Résumé : Dense perovskite hollow-fiber membranes based on BaCo0.7Fe0.2Ta0.1O3−δ (BCFT) are prepared by a phase inversion spinning process. The thermal cycling performance and the dependences of oxygen permeation on the air flow rate on the shell side, the helium flow rate on the core side, the oxygen partial pressures, and the operating temperatures are experimentally investigated. The oxygen transport through the U-shaped hollow-fiber membrane is controlled by both surface reaction and bulk diffusion at the temperature ranges of 750–950 °C, whereas the oxygen permeation is predominantly controlled by the surface reaction at 700 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of the spent hollow-fiber membrane after oxygen permeation for 250 h show the good stability of the U-shaped BCFT hollow-fiber membrane. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301789t Exemplaires
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Titre : Silica-based 2-aminomethylpyridine functionalized adsorbent for hydrometallurgical extraction of low-grade copper ore Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xin Li, Auteur ; Baohua Li, Auteur ; Shan Wu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15224–15232 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adsorbent Hydrometallurgical Résumé : A silica-based 2-aminomethylpyridine functionalized adsorbent was synthesized to extract copper. Characterization of the adsorbent was carried out to determine the surface morphology, specific surface area, pore size, and grafting ratio of 2-aminomethylpyridine groups. The adsorption selectivity of the adsorbent for Cu(II) ions was 1353 times higher than that for Fe(III) ions. The adsorption capacity for Cu(II) ions maintained a stable value of 0.53 mmol/g with and without perturbation of Fe(III) ions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed a mechanism of selective adsorption of copper, through the formation of 2-aminomethylpyridine-Cu(II) complexes. Semi-industrial scale experiments revealed that Cu(II) ions in the acidic leachate of low-grade copper ore could be efficiently extracted by the adsorbent even in perturbation of substantial amounts of Fe(III) and other metal ions. Based on the adsorbent, a new process for copper hydrometallurgical extraction was developed, in which the adverse environmental impacts in traditional solvent extraction processes could be avoided. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301852r
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15224–15232[article] Silica-based 2-aminomethylpyridine functionalized adsorbent for hydrometallurgical extraction of low-grade copper ore [texte imprimé] / Xin Li, Auteur ; Baohua Li, Auteur ; Shan Wu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15224–15232.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15224–15232
Mots-clés : Adsorbent Hydrometallurgical Résumé : A silica-based 2-aminomethylpyridine functionalized adsorbent was synthesized to extract copper. Characterization of the adsorbent was carried out to determine the surface morphology, specific surface area, pore size, and grafting ratio of 2-aminomethylpyridine groups. The adsorption selectivity of the adsorbent for Cu(II) ions was 1353 times higher than that for Fe(III) ions. The adsorption capacity for Cu(II) ions maintained a stable value of 0.53 mmol/g with and without perturbation of Fe(III) ions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed a mechanism of selective adsorption of copper, through the formation of 2-aminomethylpyridine-Cu(II) complexes. Semi-industrial scale experiments revealed that Cu(II) ions in the acidic leachate of low-grade copper ore could be efficiently extracted by the adsorbent even in perturbation of substantial amounts of Fe(III) and other metal ions. Based on the adsorbent, a new process for copper hydrometallurgical extraction was developed, in which the adverse environmental impacts in traditional solvent extraction processes could be avoided. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie301852r Exemplaires
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Titre : Experimental and model study on enantioselective extraction of phenylglycine enantiomers with BINAP–metal complexes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kewen Tang, Auteur ; Guohui Wu, Auteur ; Panliang Zhang, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15233-15241 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Enantiomer Modeling Résumé : Enantioselective extraction of phenylglycine (PHG) enantiomers with (S)-BINAP―metal complexes as chiral selector was investigated. A reactive extraction model was established to interpret the experimental data. The complexation equilibrium constants and other important parameters required by the model were determined experimentally. The extraction system shows good selectivity toward PHG enantiomers. The complex [(S)-BINAP(CH3CN)Cu][PF6] (BINAP-Cu) exhibits the highest selectivity among the selectors studied, which is dissolved in the organic phase and preferentially extracts L-PHG from aqueous phase. Efficiency of extraction depends, often strongly, on a number of process variables, including types of organic solvents and metal precursors, concentration of selector, pH, and temperature. The model quantitatively predicts extraction performance as a function of key operating parameters, providing a simple computational approach to process optimization. The model was verified experimentally with excellent results. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679643
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15233-15241[article] Experimental and model study on enantioselective extraction of phenylglycine enantiomers with BINAP–metal complexes [texte imprimé] / Kewen Tang, Auteur ; Guohui Wu, Auteur ; Panliang Zhang, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15233-15241.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15233-15241
Mots-clés : Enantiomer Modeling Résumé : Enantioselective extraction of phenylglycine (PHG) enantiomers with (S)-BINAP―metal complexes as chiral selector was investigated. A reactive extraction model was established to interpret the experimental data. The complexation equilibrium constants and other important parameters required by the model were determined experimentally. The extraction system shows good selectivity toward PHG enantiomers. The complex [(S)-BINAP(CH3CN)Cu][PF6] (BINAP-Cu) exhibits the highest selectivity among the selectors studied, which is dissolved in the organic phase and preferentially extracts L-PHG from aqueous phase. Efficiency of extraction depends, often strongly, on a number of process variables, including types of organic solvents and metal precursors, concentration of selector, pH, and temperature. The model quantitatively predicts extraction performance as a function of key operating parameters, providing a simple computational approach to process optimization. The model was verified experimentally with excellent results. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679643 Exemplaires
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Titre : Studies on Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions by nanoalumina Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Madona Lien Paul, Auteur ; Jastin Samuel, Auteur ; Sushree Bedatrayee Das, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15242-15250 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aqueous solution Résumé : The current study deals with Cr(VI) removal using unmodified alumina nanoparticles of two different sizes (NA1: mean hydrodynamic diameter = 75.3 ± 2.8 nm; NA2: mean hydrodynamic diameter = 229.8 ± 3.3 nm). The equilibrium adsorption capacities, 73.2 and 59.4 mg of Cr(VI)/g of adsorbent, were noted for NA1 and NA2, respectively, under optimized conditions (pH 7.0, temperature = 27 °C, initial Cr(VI) concentration = 20 mg L―1, adsorbent dosage = O.lg L―1) but different contact times (120 min for NA1, 180 min for NA2). For both sorbents, the equilibrium adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorbent NA1 followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics, whereas NA2 followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Surface characterization studies (zeta potential measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy) substantiated oxyanionic binding on the sorbent surface. The EPR and XRD spectroscopy confirmed the existence of reduced Cr(III) on the adsorbent surface. The applicability of the sorbent in Cr(VI)-contaminated water was studied. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679644
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15242-15250[article] Studies on Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions by nanoalumina [texte imprimé] / Madona Lien Paul, Auteur ; Jastin Samuel, Auteur ; Sushree Bedatrayee Das, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15242-15250.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15242-15250
Mots-clés : Aqueous solution Résumé : The current study deals with Cr(VI) removal using unmodified alumina nanoparticles of two different sizes (NA1: mean hydrodynamic diameter = 75.3 ± 2.8 nm; NA2: mean hydrodynamic diameter = 229.8 ± 3.3 nm). The equilibrium adsorption capacities, 73.2 and 59.4 mg of Cr(VI)/g of adsorbent, were noted for NA1 and NA2, respectively, under optimized conditions (pH 7.0, temperature = 27 °C, initial Cr(VI) concentration = 20 mg L―1, adsorbent dosage = O.lg L―1) but different contact times (120 min for NA1, 180 min for NA2). For both sorbents, the equilibrium adsorption data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorbent NA1 followed a pseudo-second-order kinetics, whereas NA2 followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Surface characterization studies (zeta potential measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy) substantiated oxyanionic binding on the sorbent surface. The EPR and XRD spectroscopy confirmed the existence of reduced Cr(III) on the adsorbent surface. The applicability of the sorbent in Cr(VI)-contaminated water was studied. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679644 Exemplaires
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Titre : Introducing a fast method to determine the solubility and metastable zone width for proteins : Case study lysozyme Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Somchai Maosoongnern, Auteur ; Viviana Diaz Borbon, Auteur ; Adrian E. Flood, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15251-15257 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Solubility Résumé : The phase diagrams of tetragonal hen egg white lysozyme containing besides thermodynamic (solubility) also kinetic (nucleation) data were determined for pH values of 4.4, 5.0, and 6.0, 3 to 7 wt % sodium chloride concentrations and lysozyme concentrations from 5 to 70 mg/mL by the use of a turbidity technique. This new technique offers a rapid, precise and reliable determination of nucleation and solubility points. These points can be obtained simultaneously within 6 h. The errors of measurements are less than ±0.9 °C for the solubility temperature and less than ±1.0 °C for the nucleation temperature. The solubility data obtained could be extended and described by a good correlation with literature data. The solubility of lysozyme was found to decrease with increasing salt concentration while the nucleation points were observed more early with respect to salt addition; as a consequence the metastable zone is more narrow. The solubility of lysozyme is slightly reduced at higher values of the pH, and the nucleation point is observed later in time. The result is an increase of the metastable zone width. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679645
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15251-15257[article] Introducing a fast method to determine the solubility and metastable zone width for proteins : Case study lysozyme [texte imprimé] / Somchai Maosoongnern, Auteur ; Viviana Diaz Borbon, Auteur ; Adrian E. Flood, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15251-15257.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15251-15257
Mots-clés : Solubility Résumé : The phase diagrams of tetragonal hen egg white lysozyme containing besides thermodynamic (solubility) also kinetic (nucleation) data were determined for pH values of 4.4, 5.0, and 6.0, 3 to 7 wt % sodium chloride concentrations and lysozyme concentrations from 5 to 70 mg/mL by the use of a turbidity technique. This new technique offers a rapid, precise and reliable determination of nucleation and solubility points. These points can be obtained simultaneously within 6 h. The errors of measurements are less than ±0.9 °C for the solubility temperature and less than ±1.0 °C for the nucleation temperature. The solubility data obtained could be extended and described by a good correlation with literature data. The solubility of lysozyme was found to decrease with increasing salt concentration while the nucleation points were observed more early with respect to salt addition; as a consequence the metastable zone is more narrow. The solubility of lysozyme is slightly reduced at higher values of the pH, and the nucleation point is observed later in time. The result is an increase of the metastable zone width. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679645 Exemplaires
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Titre : Mixing of newtonian and non-newtonian fluids in a cylindrical mixer equipped with a side-entry impeller Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jaime Sossa-Echeverria, Auteur ; Fariborz Taghipour, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15258-15267 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Agitator Mixer Non Newtonian fluid Mixing Résumé : The effects of rheological properties on the mixing flow generated in a cylindrical tank equipped with a side-entry impeller were investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Velocity vector maps were obtained from the laminar and transitional flow regimes of viscous Newtonian and non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluids with yield stress. Radical changes in the discharge angle were detected under the evaluated conditions. It was observed that radial discharge and a strong tangential flow arise when the viscous forces dominate the flow. Moreover, the impeller discharge is affected when the interaction between the flow and one of the walls of the vessel is significant; thus, the flow features are defined by the Reynolds number and the restrictions imposed by the walls of the tank. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679646
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15258-15267[article] Mixing of newtonian and non-newtonian fluids in a cylindrical mixer equipped with a side-entry impeller [texte imprimé] / Jaime Sossa-Echeverria, Auteur ; Fariborz Taghipour, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15258-15267.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15258-15267
Mots-clés : Agitator Mixer Non Newtonian fluid Mixing Résumé : The effects of rheological properties on the mixing flow generated in a cylindrical tank equipped with a side-entry impeller were investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV). Velocity vector maps were obtained from the laminar and transitional flow regimes of viscous Newtonian and non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluids with yield stress. Radical changes in the discharge angle were detected under the evaluated conditions. It was observed that radial discharge and a strong tangential flow arise when the viscous forces dominate the flow. Moreover, the impeller discharge is affected when the interaction between the flow and one of the walls of the vessel is significant; thus, the flow features are defined by the Reynolds number and the restrictions imposed by the walls of the tank. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679646 Exemplaires
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Titre : Flow pattern characteristics in vertical dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal using electrical capacitance tomography Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xingliang Cong, Auteur ; Xiaolei Guo, Auteur ; Haifeng Lu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15268-15275 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Tomography Capacitance Coal Pneumatic conveyance Dense phaseFlow field Résumé : Research on flow patterns can provide a better understanding of particle dynamics in dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal. In this paper, electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) has been employed to study flow patterns in the 20 mm diameter vertical riser. Three flow patterns were identified on the basis of ECT image analysis, and their characteristics and formation mechanisms were discussed. The flow patterns at high solid concentration were more asymmetrical than those at low solid concentration. Solid concentration signals obtained from ECT were analyzed by different signal analysis methods including relative standard deviation (RSD), probability density function (PDF), and power spectral density function (PSD), which were verified to be effective enough to identify the characteristics of the different flow patterns. Additionally, the Bi model (Bi, H. T.; Grace, J. R. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 1995, 21, 1229-1239) was modified to effectively predict chocking velocity in the vertical dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679647
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15268-15275[article] Flow pattern characteristics in vertical dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal using electrical capacitance tomography [texte imprimé] / Xingliang Cong, Auteur ; Xiaolei Guo, Auteur ; Haifeng Lu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15268-15275.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15268-15275
Mots-clés : Tomography Capacitance Coal Pneumatic conveyance Dense phaseFlow field Résumé : Research on flow patterns can provide a better understanding of particle dynamics in dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal. In this paper, electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) has been employed to study flow patterns in the 20 mm diameter vertical riser. Three flow patterns were identified on the basis of ECT image analysis, and their characteristics and formation mechanisms were discussed. The flow patterns at high solid concentration were more asymmetrical than those at low solid concentration. Solid concentration signals obtained from ECT were analyzed by different signal analysis methods including relative standard deviation (RSD), probability density function (PDF), and power spectral density function (PSD), which were verified to be effective enough to identify the characteristics of the different flow patterns. Additionally, the Bi model (Bi, H. T.; Grace, J. R. Int. J. Multiphase Flow 1995, 21, 1229-1239) was modified to effectively predict chocking velocity in the vertical dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679647 Exemplaires
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Titre : Rolling ball viscometer calibration with gas over whole interest range of pressure and temperature improves accuracy of gas viscosity measurement Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ehsan Davani, Auteur ; Gioia Falcone, Auteur ; Catalin Teodoriu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15276–15281 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Viscosity Calibration Résumé : A practical method for measuring gas viscosity uses gas to calibrate the rolling ball viscometer over the whole interest range of pressure and temperature. It reduces the turbulent effect of gas flow around the ball. The viscometer calibration at only atmospheric pressure yields poor results, because it cannot accommodate the turbulent effect at higher pressures. We used nitrogen to calibrate the viscometer for the pressure up to 8,000 psia and temperature up to 260 °F. Optimal tube inclination angle and also ball/tube diameter ratio ensure the laminar flow around the ball and improve the accuracy of the results. Viscosity measurements of ultrapure CO2 confirmed this technique. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679648
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15276–15281[article] Rolling ball viscometer calibration with gas over whole interest range of pressure and temperature improves accuracy of gas viscosity measurement [texte imprimé] / Ehsan Davani, Auteur ; Gioia Falcone, Auteur ; Catalin Teodoriu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15276–15281.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15276–15281
Mots-clés : Viscosity Calibration Résumé : A practical method for measuring gas viscosity uses gas to calibrate the rolling ball viscometer over the whole interest range of pressure and temperature. It reduces the turbulent effect of gas flow around the ball. The viscometer calibration at only atmospheric pressure yields poor results, because it cannot accommodate the turbulent effect at higher pressures. We used nitrogen to calibrate the viscometer for the pressure up to 8,000 psia and temperature up to 260 °F. Optimal tube inclination angle and also ball/tube diameter ratio ensure the laminar flow around the ball and improve the accuracy of the results. Viscosity measurements of ultrapure CO2 confirmed this technique. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679648 Exemplaires
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Titre : Mixing performance of the novel kar dynamic mixer impeller in small laboratory-scale systems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Zhao Yu, Auteur ; Richard F. Cope, Auteur ; Kishore K. Kar, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15282–15292 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Laboratory scale Agitator Mixer Mixing Résumé : Small ( ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679649
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15282–15292[article] Mixing performance of the novel kar dynamic mixer impeller in small laboratory-scale systems [texte imprimé] / Zhao Yu, Auteur ; Richard F. Cope, Auteur ; Kishore K. Kar, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15282–15292.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15282–15292
Mots-clés : Laboratory scale Agitator Mixer Mixing Résumé : Small ( ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679649 Exemplaires
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Titre : Determination of the solubility parameter of ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate by inverse gas chromatography Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yali Chen, Auteur ; Qiang Wang, Auteur ; Zhengfang Zhang, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 15293–15298 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Gas chromatography Ionic liquid Solubility Résumé : In this study, physical and thermodynamic properties of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([HMIM]PF6) were investigated by using inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Two groups of solvents with different chemical natures and polarities were used to obtain information about [HMIM]PF6-solvent interactions: chloroform, ethyl acetate, ether, acetone and alkanes. The specific retention volume (Vg0), molar heat of sorption, weight fraction activity coefficient, activity coefficients at infinite dilution, partial molar heat of mixing and Flory–Huggins interaction parameter between [HMIM]PF6 and solvents were determined in the temperature range of 343.15–373.15 K. Also, the solubility parameters of [HMIM]PF6 at infinite dilution were found by plotting the graph of δ12/(RT) – χ1.2∞/V1 versus solubility parameters, δ1, of probes. The results showed that n-C6, n-C7, n-C8, n-C9, ether, and n-butyl alcohol were poor solvents for [HMIM]PF6; chloroform, acetone, and ethyl acetate were favorite ones, while ethanol was moderate solvent for [HMIM]PF6 (close to poor solvent). The solubility parameter of [HMIM]PF6 was determined as 23.28 (J/cm3)0.5 by the extrapolation at 298.15 K. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679650
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15293–15298[article] Determination of the solubility parameter of ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate by inverse gas chromatography [texte imprimé] / Yali Chen, Auteur ; Qiang Wang, Auteur ; Zhengfang Zhang, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 15293–15298.
Industrial chemistry
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 46 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 15293–15298
Mots-clés : Gas chromatography Ionic liquid Solubility Résumé : In this study, physical and thermodynamic properties of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([HMIM]PF6) were investigated by using inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Two groups of solvents with different chemical natures and polarities were used to obtain information about [HMIM]PF6-solvent interactions: chloroform, ethyl acetate, ether, acetone and alkanes. The specific retention volume (Vg0), molar heat of sorption, weight fraction activity coefficient, activity coefficients at infinite dilution, partial molar heat of mixing and Flory–Huggins interaction parameter between [HMIM]PF6 and solvents were determined in the temperature range of 343.15–373.15 K. Also, the solubility parameters of [HMIM]PF6 at infinite dilution were found by plotting the graph of δ12/(RT) – χ1.2∞/V1 versus solubility parameters, δ1, of probes. The results showed that n-C6, n-C7, n-C8, n-C9, ether, and n-butyl alcohol were poor solvents for [HMIM]PF6; chloroform, acetone, and ethyl acetate were favorite ones, while ethanol was moderate solvent for [HMIM]PF6 (close to poor solvent). The solubility parameter of [HMIM]PF6 was determined as 23.28 (J/cm3)0.5 by the extrapolation at 298.15 K. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26679650 Exemplaires
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