Dépouillements

Drying heat pumps – Part I: System integration / V. Minea in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 643–658 Titre : Drying heat pumps – Part I: System integration Titre original : Pompes à chaleur de séchage – Partie I: Intégration des systèmes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : V. Minea, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 643–658 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Drying;  Heat  pump;  Dehumidification;  Heat  recovery;  Energy  saving Résumé : Part I of this critical, non complacent review focuses on the dryer–heat pump integration issue as presented in published R&D studies. It investigates the accuracy of current configurations and proposed improvements, and evaluates their applicability in the drying industry. The scope is to promote technological advancement and the industrial implementation of drying heat pumps. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003337 [article] Drying heat pumps – Part I: System integration = Pompes à chaleur de séchage – Partie I: Intégration des systèmes [texte imprimé] / V. Minea, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 643–658. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 643–658 Mots-clés : Drying;  Heat  pump;  Dehumidification;  Heat  recovery;  Energy  saving Résumé : Part I of this critical, non complacent review focuses on the dryer–heat pump integration issue as presented in published R&D studies. It investigates the accuracy of current configurations and proposed improvements, and evaluates their applicability in the drying industry. The scope is to promote technological advancement and the industrial implementation of drying heat pumps. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003337

Drying heat pumps – Part II: Agro-food, biological and wood products / V. Minea in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 659–673 Titre : Drying heat pumps – Part II: Agro-food, biological and wood products Titre original : Pompes à chaleur de séchage – Partie II: Produits agro-Alimentaires, biologiques et bois Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : V. Minea, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 659–673 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Drying;  Heat  pump;  Dehumidification;  Heat  recovery;  Energy  saving Résumé : Part II of this critical, constructive review investigates the accuracy of laboratory and industrial-scale experimental methods and the results of published R&D studies on drying heat pumps. It tries to evaluate the application potential of proposed drying methods for various agro-food and wood products. The scope is to promote technological advancement and to accelerate the industrial implementation of drying heat pumps. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003349 [article] Drying heat pumps – Part II: Agro-food, biological and wood products = Pompes à chaleur de séchage – Partie II: Produits agro-Alimentaires, biologiques et bois [texte imprimé] / V. Minea, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 659–673. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 659–673 Mots-clés : Drying;  Heat  pump;  Dehumidification;  Heat  recovery;  Energy  saving Résumé : Part II of this critical, constructive review investigates the accuracy of laboratory and industrial-scale experimental methods and the results of published R&D studies on drying heat pumps. It tries to evaluate the application potential of proposed drying methods for various agro-food and wood products. The scope is to promote technological advancement and to accelerate the industrial implementation of drying heat pumps. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003349

Dynamic model and experimental study of an air–water heat pump for residential use / R. N. N. Koury in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 674–688 Titre : Dynamic model and experimental study of an air–water heat pump for residential use Titre original : Modéle dynamique et étude expérimentale sur une pompe á chaleur résidentielle air-eau Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. N. N. Koury, Auteur ; R.N. Faria, Auteur ; R. O. Nunes, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 674–688 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Modelling;  Experimentation;  Heat  pump;  Domestic;  Hot  water Résumé : This paper presents a study of the dynamic behavior of a vapor compression heat pump for residential water heating. The mathematical models for heat exchangers are formulated by using mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations, while capillary tube model is based on the equations of conservation of momentum. The model is formulated from the manufacturer experimental data and the energy conservation balance. The contribution of this study to the field of dynamic modeling appears on the convergence of models of heat exchangers, this being accomplished with a variable error in spatial and time minimizing the instabilities in the calculation. The coupling among the four components allows the determination of the spatial and temporal profiles of temperatures, pressures and mass flow rates, as well as the refrigerant distribution in the heat exchangers during the water heating process. The validation of the model is done by comparison with the experimental results. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003052 [article] Dynamic model and experimental study of an air–water heat pump for residential use = Modéle dynamique et étude expérimentale sur une pompe á chaleur résidentielle air-eau [texte imprimé] / R. N. N. Koury, Auteur ; R.N. Faria, Auteur ; R. O. Nunes, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 674–688. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 674–688 Mots-clés : Modelling;  Experimentation;  Heat  pump;  Domestic;  Hot  water Résumé : This paper presents a study of the dynamic behavior of a vapor compression heat pump for residential water heating. The mathematical models for heat exchangers are formulated by using mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations, while capillary tube model is based on the equations of conservation of momentum. The model is formulated from the manufacturer experimental data and the energy conservation balance. The contribution of this study to the field of dynamic modeling appears on the convergence of models of heat exchangers, this being accomplished with a variable error in spatial and time minimizing the instabilities in the calculation. The coupling among the four components allows the determination of the spatial and temporal profiles of temperatures, pressures and mass flow rates, as well as the refrigerant distribution in the heat exchangers during the water heating process. The validation of the model is done by comparison with the experimental results. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003052

Thermal and hydraulic performance of sinusoidal corrugated plate heat exchanger for low temperature lift heat pump / Hoseong Lee in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 689–700 Titre : Thermal and hydraulic performance of sinusoidal corrugated plate heat exchanger for low temperature lift heat pump Titre original : Performance thermique et hydraulique de l'un échangeur à plaques sinusoïdal d'une pompe à chaleur à faible élévation de température Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hoseong Lee, Auteur ; Yunho Hwang, Auteur ; Reinhard Radermacher, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 689–700 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Low  temperature  lift;  Heat  pump;  Plate  heat  exchanger;  Corrugated Résumé : Thermal and hydraulic performance of a sinusoidal corrugated plate heat exchanger (PHX) was investigated for the application of a low temperature lift heat pump (LTLHP), which requires unique operating conditions. The water-side heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of the PHX were obtained through the experimental test. The refrigerant-side heat transfer performance was investigated by varying several parameters. The PHX performance was poor due to low refrigerant mass flux. The PHX needs better balance in two fluids for the LTLHP application. From the current study, it is concluded that the conventional PHX applied for the LTLHP application is limited by two main factors: a large pressure drop on the water-side due to corrugated shape, and a low heat transfer performance due to the low refrigerant-side heat transfer performance. In order to address these drawbacks, heat exchanger designs must be improved by optimizing its geometry and flow area asymmetrically for each fluid. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003076 [article] Thermal and hydraulic performance of sinusoidal corrugated plate heat exchanger for low temperature lift heat pump = Performance thermique et hydraulique de l'un échangeur à plaques sinusoïdal d'une pompe à chaleur à faible élévation de température [texte imprimé] / Hoseong Lee, Auteur ; Yunho Hwang, Auteur ; Reinhard Radermacher, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 689–700. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 689–700 Mots-clés : Low  temperature  lift;  Heat  pump;  Plate  heat  exchanger;  Corrugated Résumé : Thermal and hydraulic performance of a sinusoidal corrugated plate heat exchanger (PHX) was investigated for the application of a low temperature lift heat pump (LTLHP), which requires unique operating conditions. The water-side heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of the PHX were obtained through the experimental test. The refrigerant-side heat transfer performance was investigated by varying several parameters. The PHX performance was poor due to low refrigerant mass flux. The PHX needs better balance in two fluids for the LTLHP application. From the current study, it is concluded that the conventional PHX applied for the LTLHP application is limited by two main factors: a large pressure drop on the water-side due to corrugated shape, and a low heat transfer performance due to the low refrigerant-side heat transfer performance. In order to address these drawbacks, heat exchanger designs must be improved by optimizing its geometry and flow area asymmetrically for each fluid. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003076

Experimental investigation on air-source transcritical CO2 heat pump water heater system at a fixed water inlet temperature / Shouguo Wang in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 701–716 Titre : Experimental investigation on air-source transcritical CO2 heat pump water heater system at a fixed water inlet temperature Titre original : Etude expérimentale sur un système de chauffage d'eau à pompe à chaleur au CO2 transcritique avec une température d'eau fixe à l'entrée Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Shouguo Wang, Auteur ; Hanfei Tuo, Auteur ; Feng Cao, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 701–716 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Transcritical  cycle;  Carbon  dioxide;  Heat  pump;  Pressure;  Simulation Résumé : For clarify main affecting factors on air-source transcritical CO2 heat pump water heaters, and the influence extent of these main affecting factors, at fixed water inlet temperature of 12 °C, an experimental research was conducted on a prototype in a range of ambient temperatures (−15 °C–35 °C) and water outlet temperatures (55 °C–80 °C). Based on the experimental results, effect of water outlet temperatures and ambient temperatures on the optimal discharge pressure and system COP was illustrated, and with change of water outlet temperatures and ambient temperatures, variation of CO2 gas cooler outlet temperatures, evaporating temperatures and other cycle variables was presented and interpreted. According established simulation model, we conducted simulation for the prototype and the cycle respectively adopted another two gas coolers with difference heat transfer surface. As one conclusion, for an established plant, correlation for the optimal discharge pressure as the function of ambient temperatures and water outlet temperatures can be achieved by fitting numerous simulation or experimental results. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200271X [article] Experimental investigation on air-source transcritical CO2 heat pump water heater system at a fixed water inlet temperature = Etude expérimentale sur un système de chauffage d'eau à pompe à chaleur au CO2 transcritique avec une température d'eau fixe à l'entrée [texte imprimé] / Shouguo Wang, Auteur ; Hanfei Tuo, Auteur ; Feng Cao, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 701–716. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 701–716 Mots-clés : Transcritical  cycle;  Carbon  dioxide;  Heat  pump;  Pressure;  Simulation Résumé : For clarify main affecting factors on air-source transcritical CO2 heat pump water heaters, and the influence extent of these main affecting factors, at fixed water inlet temperature of 12 °C, an experimental research was conducted on a prototype in a range of ambient temperatures (−15 °C–35 °C) and water outlet temperatures (55 °C–80 °C). Based on the experimental results, effect of water outlet temperatures and ambient temperatures on the optimal discharge pressure and system COP was illustrated, and with change of water outlet temperatures and ambient temperatures, variation of CO2 gas cooler outlet temperatures, evaporating temperatures and other cycle variables was presented and interpreted. According established simulation model, we conducted simulation for the prototype and the cycle respectively adopted another two gas coolers with difference heat transfer surface. As one conclusion, for an established plant, correlation for the optimal discharge pressure as the function of ambient temperatures and water outlet temperatures can be achieved by fitting numerous simulation or experimental results. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200271X

Preliminary experimental characterization of a three-phase absorption heat pump / A. Rosato in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 717–729 Titre : Preliminary experimental characterization of a three-phase absorption heat pump Titre original : Caractérisation expérimentale préliminaire d'une pompe à chaleur à trois phases Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. Rosato, Auteur ; S. Sibilio, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 717–729 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Absorption  cycle;  Thermally  driven  chiller;  Chemical  heat  pump;  Lithium  chloride;  Solar  cooling;  Trigeneration Résumé : In this paper a recently commercialized three-phase absorption heat pump that is capable of storing energy internally in the form of crystallized salt (LiCl) with water as refrigerant has been experimentally investigated during summer period. The tests have been performed with the aim to investigate the operation logic of the machine and to highlight both the reliability and the efficiency of the system over an operating conditions range of great practical interest. The measured performance have been compared with those of a conventional electrically driven vapor compression refrigerating system from an energy, environmental and economic point of view in order to assess the suitability of the absorption heat pump: this comparison showed that the absorption system is potentially able to guarantee an energy saving, a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and a lower operating cost only in case of the most part (at least 70%) of required thermal energy is supplied by solar collectors. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003234 [article] Preliminary experimental characterization of a three-phase absorption heat pump = Caractérisation expérimentale préliminaire d'une pompe à chaleur à trois phases [texte imprimé] / A. Rosato, Auteur ; S. Sibilio, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 717–729. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 717–729 Mots-clés : Absorption  cycle;  Thermally  driven  chiller;  Chemical  heat  pump;  Lithium  chloride;  Solar  cooling;  Trigeneration Résumé : In this paper a recently commercialized three-phase absorption heat pump that is capable of storing energy internally in the form of crystallized salt (LiCl) with water as refrigerant has been experimentally investigated during summer period. The tests have been performed with the aim to investigate the operation logic of the machine and to highlight both the reliability and the efficiency of the system over an operating conditions range of great practical interest. The measured performance have been compared with those of a conventional electrically driven vapor compression refrigerating system from an energy, environmental and economic point of view in order to assess the suitability of the absorption heat pump: this comparison showed that the absorption system is potentially able to guarantee an energy saving, a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and a lower operating cost only in case of the most part (at least 70%) of required thermal energy is supplied by solar collectors. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003234

Simulations on the performance of a vapor-injection heat pump for different cylinder volume ratios of a twin rotary compressor / Jaehyeok Heo in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 730–744 Titre : Simulations on the performance of a vapor-injection heat pump for different cylinder volume ratios of a twin rotary compressor Titre original : Simulations de la performance d'une pompe à chaleur à injection de vapeur pour plusieurs volumes de cylindres d'un compresseur rotatif à deux cylindres Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jaehyeok Heo, Auteur ; Rin Yun, Auteur ; Yongchan Kim, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 730–744 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Heat  pump;  Injection;  Rotary  compressor;  Simulation;  Cylinder  volume Résumé : In residential air-source heat pump systems, the refrigerant injection technique has rapidly developed in recent years due to its outstanding performance at low ambient temperatures. A numerical simulation model of a flash tank vapor-injection heat pump with a twin rotary compressor is newly presented in this paper. The performance of the twin rotary compressor with refrigerant injection was simulated using a loss and efficiency model. The model was validated by comparing the predictions with measured data. In addition, the model was used to analyze the performance characteristics of the vapor-injection heat pump according to the cylinder volume ratio of the twin rotary compressor. Based on the simulation results, optimum cylinder volume ratios were suggested for various design conditions, including for the fixed first cylinder volume, the fixed total cylinder volume, and the fixed heating capacity. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002757 [article] Simulations on the performance of a vapor-injection heat pump for different cylinder volume ratios of a twin rotary compressor = Simulations de la performance d'une pompe à chaleur à injection de vapeur pour plusieurs volumes de cylindres d'un compresseur rotatif à deux cylindres [texte imprimé] / Jaehyeok Heo, Auteur ; Rin Yun, Auteur ; Yongchan Kim, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 730–744. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 730–744 Mots-clés : Heat  pump;  Injection;  Rotary  compressor;  Simulation;  Cylinder  volume Résumé : In residential air-source heat pump systems, the refrigerant injection technique has rapidly developed in recent years due to its outstanding performance at low ambient temperatures. A numerical simulation model of a flash tank vapor-injection heat pump with a twin rotary compressor is newly presented in this paper. The performance of the twin rotary compressor with refrigerant injection was simulated using a loss and efficiency model. The model was validated by comparing the predictions with measured data. In addition, the model was used to analyze the performance characteristics of the vapor-injection heat pump according to the cylinder volume ratio of the twin rotary compressor. Based on the simulation results, optimum cylinder volume ratios were suggested for various design conditions, including for the fixed first cylinder volume, the fixed total cylinder volume, and the fixed heating capacity. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002757

Performance evaluation of a variable speed DC compressor / Orhan Ekren in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 745–757 Titre : Performance evaluation of a variable speed DC compressor Titre original : Evaluation de la performance d'un compresseur à courant continu à vitesse variable Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Orhan Ekren, Auteur ; Serdar Celik, Auteur ; Brad Noble, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 745–757 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Direct  current;  Refrigeration;  Variable  speed;  Energy  saving;  Exergy Résumé : Direct current compressors are strong candidates to be employed in energy-efficient refrigeration systems, especially for renewable energy powered units, as these compressors do not require additional components such as a power inverter that an alternative current compressor would require. This study represents experimental performance analysis of a direct current type refrigeration compressor implemented in a 79 L refrigerator. Energy usage reduction and operational improvement potential of the direct current compressor via variable speed operation were investigated. Experiments were carried out at variable speed operation and four different constant speed operation modes of the compressor. Temperature, pressure, and power input measurements were obtained every 30 s. The experimental data were analyzed in terms of energy and exergy efficiencies. The comparison showed that variable speed operation of the direct current compressor can be much more efficient than constant speed operation of the direct current compressors, especially at higher speeds. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002435 [article] Performance evaluation of a variable speed DC compressor = Evaluation de la performance d'un compresseur à courant continu à vitesse variable [texte imprimé] / Orhan Ekren, Auteur ; Serdar Celik, Auteur ; Brad Noble, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 745–757. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 745–757 Mots-clés : Direct  current;  Refrigeration;  Variable  speed;  Energy  saving;  Exergy Résumé : Direct current compressors are strong candidates to be employed in energy-efficient refrigeration systems, especially for renewable energy powered units, as these compressors do not require additional components such as a power inverter that an alternative current compressor would require. This study represents experimental performance analysis of a direct current type refrigeration compressor implemented in a 79 L refrigerator. Energy usage reduction and operational improvement potential of the direct current compressor via variable speed operation were investigated. Experiments were carried out at variable speed operation and four different constant speed operation modes of the compressor. Temperature, pressure, and power input measurements were obtained every 30 s. The experimental data were analyzed in terms of energy and exergy efficiencies. The comparison showed that variable speed operation of the direct current compressor can be much more efficient than constant speed operation of the direct current compressors, especially at higher speeds. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002435

Theoretical study on frictional losses of a novel automotive swing vane compressor / Xu Hu in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 758–767 Titre : Theoretical study on frictional losses of a novel automotive swing vane compressor Titre original : Etude théorique sur les pertes dues au frottement d'un nouveau compresseur à palettes automobile Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xu Hu, Auteur ; Qu, Zongchang, Auteur ; Yang, Xu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 758–767 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Loss;  Friction;  Automotive  compressor;  Air  conditioning Résumé : This paper introduces a novel rotary compressor named ‘Swing vane compressor’ (SVC) used for automotive air conditioning systems. By the vane structure which is similar to simple supported beam, SVC can bear higher gas working pressure and rotation speed compared to the sliding vane compressor. The paper introduces the working principle and analyzes frictional model at various contact regions. End-faces frictional losses and vane side frictional loss are the main part frictional losses in SVC. Compared to sliding vane compressor, SVC shows less frictional loss when rotation speed is less than 4000 rpm. Each frictional loss changing with rotation speed also is discussed. SVC provides a selection for automotive air conditioning systems. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003003 [article] Theoretical study on frictional losses of a novel automotive swing vane compressor = Etude théorique sur les pertes dues au frottement d'un nouveau compresseur à palettes automobile [texte imprimé] / Xu Hu, Auteur ; Qu, Zongchang, Auteur ; Yang, Xu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 758–767. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 758–767 Mots-clés : Loss;  Friction;  Automotive  compressor;  Air  conditioning Résumé : This paper introduces a novel rotary compressor named ‘Swing vane compressor’ (SVC) used for automotive air conditioning systems. By the vane structure which is similar to simple supported beam, SVC can bear higher gas working pressure and rotation speed compared to the sliding vane compressor. The paper introduces the working principle and analyzes frictional model at various contact regions. End-faces frictional losses and vane side frictional loss are the main part frictional losses in SVC. Compared to sliding vane compressor, SVC shows less frictional loss when rotation speed is less than 4000 rpm. Each frictional loss changing with rotation speed also is discussed. SVC provides a selection for automotive air conditioning systems. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003003

Comparative experimental study of an open piston compressor working with R-1234yf, R-134a and R-290 / E. Navarro in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 768–775 Titre : Comparative experimental study of an open piston compressor working with R-1234yf, R-134a and R-290 Titre original : Etude expérimentale comparative sur un compresseur à piston ouvert fonctionnant au R-1234yf, au R-134a ou au R-290 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E. Navarro, Auteur ; I. O. Martínez-Galvan, Auteur ; J. Nohales, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 768–775 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Open  compressors;  Refrigerants;  Hydrocarbons;  R1234yf;  Automotive  air  conditioning Résumé : Among the different alternatives proposed in the automotive field to replace R-134a and R-1234yf is a new generation fluid which has recently gained great importance for MAC (Mobile Air Conditioning) systems. This fluid has the advantage of having a low GWP (Global Warming potential) and thermodynamic properties similar to R-134a. But there is some criticism regarding the non-natural origin of the fluid and its possible long-term effects on the environment have not been studied. In that sense, hydrocarbons and particularly R-290 can be considered as alternatives. This paper presents a comparative study between R-1234yf, R-134a and R-290 for an open piston compressor at different operating conditions. The text matrix comprised two compressor speeds, evaporation temperatures from −15 °C to 15 °C and condensation temperatures from 40 °C to 65 °C. From these tests, the compressor behavior with these refrigerants has systematically been analyzed in terms of compressor efficiency, volumetric efficiency, losses to the ambient and oil-refrigerant properties. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003258 [article] Comparative experimental study of an open piston compressor working with R-1234yf, R-134a and R-290 = Etude expérimentale comparative sur un compresseur à piston ouvert fonctionnant au R-1234yf, au R-134a ou au R-290 [texte imprimé] / E. Navarro, Auteur ; I. O. Martínez-Galvan, Auteur ; J. Nohales, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 768–775. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 768–775 Mots-clés : Open  compressors;  Refrigerants;  Hydrocarbons;  R1234yf;  Automotive  air  conditioning Résumé : Among the different alternatives proposed in the automotive field to replace R-134a and R-1234yf is a new generation fluid which has recently gained great importance for MAC (Mobile Air Conditioning) systems. This fluid has the advantage of having a low GWP (Global Warming potential) and thermodynamic properties similar to R-134a. But there is some criticism regarding the non-natural origin of the fluid and its possible long-term effects on the environment have not been studied. In that sense, hydrocarbons and particularly R-290 can be considered as alternatives. This paper presents a comparative study between R-1234yf, R-134a and R-290 for an open piston compressor at different operating conditions. The text matrix comprised two compressor speeds, evaporation temperatures from −15 °C to 15 °C and condensation temperatures from 40 °C to 65 °C. From these tests, the compressor behavior with these refrigerants has systematically been analyzed in terms of compressor efficiency, volumetric efficiency, losses to the ambient and oil-refrigerant properties. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003258

Performance characteristics of a capacity-modulated linear compressor for home refrigerators / Jong Kwon Kim in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 776–785 Titre : Performance characteristics of a capacity-modulated linear compressor for home refrigerators Titre original : Caractéristiques de la performance d'un compresseur linéaire à modulation de puissance pour les réfrigérateurs domestiques Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jong Kwon Kim, Auteur ; Ji Hwan Jeong, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 776–785 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Linear  compressor;  Free  piston;  Household  refrigerator;  Inherent  capacity  modulation;  Refrigerating  system Résumé : A linear compressor requires stroke controllers, as the piston movement is sensitive to the ambient temperature. This paper presents the performance characteristics of an inherent capacity-modulated (ICM) linear compressor. The compressor is capable of modulating its capacity independently without requiring stroke controllers. Electric parameters are designed to deliver inherent capacity modulation in accordance with variations in the cooling demand. An inherent capacity modulation method according to cooling demand levels was proposed and a prototype compressor was constructed. Its performance was evaluated with the cooling capacity ratio varying from 50 to 100% at an evaporating temperature of −26 °C and a condensing temperature of 38 °C. The total efficiency of the ICM linear compressor was as high as that of an electrical resonant system. This shows that the COP difference between the ICM linear compressor and the linear compressor controlled by an electrical resonance system appeared to be less than 1% over a wide cooling capacity ratio range of 50–100%. The results for the conventional linear compressor did not account for the power consumed by the electronic drive, so thus the ICM linear compressor had the potential improvement for energy saving. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200343X [article] Performance characteristics of a capacity-modulated linear compressor for home refrigerators = Caractéristiques de la performance d'un compresseur linéaire à modulation de puissance pour les réfrigérateurs domestiques [texte imprimé] / Jong Kwon Kim, Auteur ; Ji Hwan Jeong, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 776–785. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 776–785 Mots-clés : Linear  compressor;  Free  piston;  Household  refrigerator;  Inherent  capacity  modulation;  Refrigerating  system Résumé : A linear compressor requires stroke controllers, as the piston movement is sensitive to the ambient temperature. This paper presents the performance characteristics of an inherent capacity-modulated (ICM) linear compressor. The compressor is capable of modulating its capacity independently without requiring stroke controllers. Electric parameters are designed to deliver inherent capacity modulation in accordance with variations in the cooling demand. An inherent capacity modulation method according to cooling demand levels was proposed and a prototype compressor was constructed. Its performance was evaluated with the cooling capacity ratio varying from 50 to 100% at an evaporating temperature of −26 °C and a condensing temperature of 38 °C. The total efficiency of the ICM linear compressor was as high as that of an electrical resonant system. This shows that the COP difference between the ICM linear compressor and the linear compressor controlled by an electrical resonance system appeared to be less than 1% over a wide cooling capacity ratio range of 50–100%. The results for the conventional linear compressor did not account for the power consumed by the electronic drive, so thus the ICM linear compressor had the potential improvement for energy saving. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200343X

A sensitivity study of size parameters in a twin-type rolling piston compressor / Jang-Sik Yang in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 786–794 Titre : A sensitivity study of size parameters in a twin-type rolling piston compressor Titre original : Etude sur la sensibilité des paramètres des dimensions menée sur un compresseur à deux pistons roulants Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jang-Sik Yang, Auteur ; Lu Mei, Auteur ; Ki-Youl Noh, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 786–794 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Rolling  piston  compressor;  Dynamic  analysis;  Sensitivity  study;  Energy  Efficiency  Ratio;  Optimization Résumé : In this paper, numerical studies on size parameters has been conducted to improve the performance of a twin-type rolling piston compressor, which has two cylinders called upper and lower cylinders with phase difference of 180°. In order to verify the computational reliability, the simulated results were compared with experimental ones. Sensitivity analysis of each parameter has been undertaken to investigate the influence of the parameters on compressor performance. Especially, size optimization has been studied to find an optimal combination of size parameters based on the sensitivity analysis of each parameter at the given operational condition and working volume. It was demonstrated that the maximum limits on the valve lift (ymax) and the suction port diameter (D_sp) showed the highest sensitivity to the compressor performance and optimum design condition, which corresponded to an Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) that is 2.6% higher compared to the reference condition. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002241 [article] A sensitivity study of size parameters in a twin-type rolling piston compressor = Etude sur la sensibilité des paramètres des dimensions menée sur un compresseur à deux pistons roulants [texte imprimé] / Jang-Sik Yang, Auteur ; Lu Mei, Auteur ; Ki-Youl Noh, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 786–794. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 786–794 Mots-clés : Rolling  piston  compressor;  Dynamic  analysis;  Sensitivity  study;  Energy  Efficiency  Ratio;  Optimization Résumé : In this paper, numerical studies on size parameters has been conducted to improve the performance of a twin-type rolling piston compressor, which has two cylinders called upper and lower cylinders with phase difference of 180°. In order to verify the computational reliability, the simulated results were compared with experimental ones. Sensitivity analysis of each parameter has been undertaken to investigate the influence of the parameters on compressor performance. Especially, size optimization has been studied to find an optimal combination of size parameters based on the sensitivity analysis of each parameter at the given operational condition and working volume. It was demonstrated that the maximum limits on the valve lift (ymax) and the suction port diameter (D_sp) showed the highest sensitivity to the compressor performance and optimum design condition, which corresponded to an Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) that is 2.6% higher compared to the reference condition. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002241

Ice slurry generator using freezing-point depression by pressurization – Case of low-concentration NaCl aqueous solution / K. Fumoto in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 795–800 Titre : Ice slurry generator using freezing-point depression by pressurization – Case of low-concentration NaCl aqueous solution Titre original : Générateur de coulis de glace faisant appel à l'abaissement du point de congélation par pressurisation – le cas d'une solution aqueuse à faible concentration de NaCl Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K. Fumoto, Auteur ; T. Sato, Auteur ; Tsuyoshi Kawanami, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 795–800 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice  slurry;  Freezing-point  depression;  Pressurization;  Sodium  chloride;  Aqueous  solution;  Supercooled  state;  Solidification Résumé : Ice slurry, which is a mixture of fine ice crystals and liquid water, is utilized in ice storage systems owing to its good flowability and large latent heat of fusion. In the present study, a method was developed to generate ice slurry without the deposition of an ice layer on a cooled surface. This method is based on freezing-point depression of the aqueous solution, which is maintained under highpressure conditions. To control the timing for solidification and to generate ice slurry, we investigated the relationships among the pressure, temperature, and concentration of the aqueous solutions. We developed an ice slurry generator based on the new method that controls the pressure and temperature of the aqueous solution. Experimental results showed that the characteristics of the ice slurry generation were closely related to the pressure and initial stage temperature of the test fluid. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700713000029 [article] Ice slurry generator using freezing-point depression by pressurization – Case of low-concentration NaCl aqueous solution = Générateur de coulis de glace faisant appel à l'abaissement du point de congélation par pressurisation – le cas d'une solution aqueuse à faible concentration de NaCl [texte imprimé] / K. Fumoto, Auteur ; T. Sato, Auteur ; Tsuyoshi Kawanami, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 795–800. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 795–800 Mots-clés : Ice  slurry;  Freezing-point  depression;  Pressurization;  Sodium  chloride;  Aqueous  solution;  Supercooled  state;  Solidification Résumé : Ice slurry, which is a mixture of fine ice crystals and liquid water, is utilized in ice storage systems owing to its good flowability and large latent heat of fusion. In the present study, a method was developed to generate ice slurry without the deposition of an ice layer on a cooled surface. This method is based on freezing-point depression of the aqueous solution, which is maintained under highpressure conditions. To control the timing for solidification and to generate ice slurry, we investigated the relationships among the pressure, temperature, and concentration of the aqueous solutions. We developed an ice slurry generator based on the new method that controls the pressure and temperature of the aqueous solution. Experimental results showed that the characteristics of the ice slurry generation were closely related to the pressure and initial stage temperature of the test fluid. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700713000029

Study on flow and heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry in the transition region / Hiroyuki Kumano in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 801–808 Titre : Study on flow and heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry in the transition region Titre original : Etude sur l'écoulement et les caractéristiques des coulis de glace dans la zone de transition Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Fumito Tamura, Auteur ; Seigo Sawada, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 801–808 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice  slurry;  Two-phase  flow;  Pressure  drop;  Heat  transfer  coefficient;  Non-Newtonian  fluid Résumé : The flow and heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry were investigated experimentally. The characteristics in the transition region were examined in detail. The ice slurry was produced from ethanol solution. Ice packing factor (IPF), Reynolds number and tube diameter were varied as experimental parameters, and the coefficients of pipe friction and heat transfer were measured. In the low IPF region, the coefficients of the pipe friction and heat transfer were found to be constant with values that were the same as for turbulent flow in an ethanol solution. However, for the high IPF region, laminarization occurs and flow and heat transfer characteristics can be estimated from the laminar flow of the ice slurry. Moreover, the laminarization point can be estimated using the apparent Reynolds number. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002915 [article] Study on flow and heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry in the transition region = Etude sur l'écoulement et les caractéristiques des coulis de glace dans la zone de transition [texte imprimé] / Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Fumito Tamura, Auteur ; Seigo Sawada, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 801–808. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 801–808 Mots-clés : Ice  slurry;  Two-phase  flow;  Pressure  drop;  Heat  transfer  coefficient;  Non-Newtonian  fluid Résumé : The flow and heat transfer characteristics of ice slurry were investigated experimentally. The characteristics in the transition region were examined in detail. The ice slurry was produced from ethanol solution. Ice packing factor (IPF), Reynolds number and tube diameter were varied as experimental parameters, and the coefficients of pipe friction and heat transfer were measured. In the low IPF region, the coefficients of the pipe friction and heat transfer were found to be constant with values that were the same as for turbulent flow in an ethanol solution. However, for the high IPF region, laminarization occurs and flow and heat transfer characteristics can be estimated from the laminar flow of the ice slurry. Moreover, the laminarization point can be estimated using the apparent Reynolds number. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002915

Solid fraction determination in cold storage by tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide clathrate hydrate slurry / P. Zhang in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 809–819 Titre : Solid fraction determination in cold storage by tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide clathrate hydrate slurry Titre original : Détermination de la fraction solide lors de l'accumulation thermique à l'aide d'un coulis de clathrate d'hydrate au bromure de tétra-n-butylammonium Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : P. Zhang, Auteur ; X. J. Shi, Auteur ; Z.W. Ma, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 809–819 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cold  storage;  Solid  fraction  distribution;  TBAB  clathrate  hydrate  slurry;  Crystal  particle;  Non-Newtonian  fluid Résumé : Thermal or cold storage by phase change material slurry attracted many attentions in recent years, in which solid fraction distribution in the storage tank is an important issue due to different densities of the solid particle and carrier fluid. Tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) clathrate hydrate slurry (CHS) has recently been intensively investigated for the purpose of the cold storage. In the present study, solid fraction distribution of TBAB CHS in a cold storage tank was both experimentally and numerically investigated. The different sedimentation characteristics of type A and type B TBAB CHS were identified. It was shown that high-capacity cold storage can be achieved by taking advantage of the sedimentation of type A TBAB CHS, based on which a procedure to realize it was also proposed. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003118 [article] Solid fraction determination in cold storage by tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide clathrate hydrate slurry = Détermination de la fraction solide lors de l'accumulation thermique à l'aide d'un coulis de clathrate d'hydrate au bromure de tétra-n-butylammonium [texte imprimé] / P. Zhang, Auteur ; X. J. Shi, Auteur ; Z.W. Ma, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 809–819. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 809–819 Mots-clés : Cold  storage;  Solid  fraction  distribution;  TBAB  clathrate  hydrate  slurry;  Crystal  particle;  Non-Newtonian  fluid Résumé : Thermal or cold storage by phase change material slurry attracted many attentions in recent years, in which solid fraction distribution in the storage tank is an important issue due to different densities of the solid particle and carrier fluid. Tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) clathrate hydrate slurry (CHS) has recently been intensively investigated for the purpose of the cold storage. In the present study, solid fraction distribution of TBAB CHS in a cold storage tank was both experimentally and numerically investigated. The different sedimentation characteristics of type A and type B TBAB CHS were identified. It was shown that high-capacity cold storage can be achieved by taking advantage of the sedimentation of type A TBAB CHS, based on which a procedure to realize it was also proposed. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003118

The experimental analysis of the effect of ambient factors on the defrosting of economised vapour injection compressor air source heat pump in marine climates / Huang, M. J. in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 820–827 Titre : The experimental analysis of the effect of ambient factors on the defrosting of economised vapour injection compressor air source heat pump in marine climates Titre original : Analyse expérimentale de l'effet des facteurs ambiants sur le dégivrage d'une pompe à chaleur à injection de vapeur munie d’un économiseur, dans les climats maritimes Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Huang, M. J., Auteur ; N. J. Hewitt, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 820–827 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Testing;  Domestic  heat  pump;  Thermal  analysis;  High  temperature;  COP;  Efficiency Résumé : Air source heat pumps have numerous advantages in many applications over other heating equipment in marine climates with regard to energy efficiency. The main concerns are based around maintaining a sufficiently high seasonal coefficient of performance (COP) when (a) utilising cold air as a heat source and (b) delivering hot water to a residential heating circuit originally designed for water temperatures of 60 °C or more with oil heating. The economised vapour injection (EVI) compressor has the capability of overcoming some of the difficulties of high temperature lift operation during cold ambient conditions. However it is not clear except ambient temperature how the other ambient factors may affect the performance of EVI air-source heat pump in marine climates. This paper evaluates operating performance with the defrost effect for a retrofit residential EVI air-source heat pump in Belfast, UK. The ambient factors, which affect the performance of the heat pump defrosting, were studied. The investigation was to optimise the operation of an EVI air source heat pump operating under defrost conditions encountered in maritime climates. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002782 [article] The experimental analysis of the effect of ambient factors on the defrosting of economised vapour injection compressor air source heat pump in marine climates = Analyse expérimentale de l'effet des facteurs ambiants sur le dégivrage d'une pompe à chaleur à injection de vapeur munie d’un économiseur, dans les climats maritimes [texte imprimé] / Huang, M. J., Auteur ; N. J. Hewitt, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 820–827. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 820–827 Mots-clés : Testing;  Domestic  heat  pump;  Thermal  analysis;  High  temperature;  COP;  Efficiency Résumé : Air source heat pumps have numerous advantages in many applications over other heating equipment in marine climates with regard to energy efficiency. The main concerns are based around maintaining a sufficiently high seasonal coefficient of performance (COP) when (a) utilising cold air as a heat source and (b) delivering hot water to a residential heating circuit originally designed for water temperatures of 60 °C or more with oil heating. The economised vapour injection (EVI) compressor has the capability of overcoming some of the difficulties of high temperature lift operation during cold ambient conditions. However it is not clear except ambient temperature how the other ambient factors may affect the performance of EVI air-source heat pump in marine climates. This paper evaluates operating performance with the defrost effect for a retrofit residential EVI air-source heat pump in Belfast, UK. The ambient factors, which affect the performance of the heat pump defrosting, were studied. The investigation was to optimise the operation of an EVI air source heat pump operating under defrost conditions encountered in maritime climates. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002782

Four E analysis and multi-objective optimization of an ice thermal energy storage for air-conditioning applications / Sepehr Sanaye in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 828–841 Titre : Four E analysis and multi-objective optimization of an ice thermal energy storage for air-conditioning applications : Analyse tenant compte des aspects énergétiques, exergétiques, économiques et environnementaux et optimisation à objectifs multiples Titre original : Système à accumulation thermique de glace pour les applications en conditionnement d'air Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sepehr Sanaye, Auteur ; Ali Shirazi, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 828–841 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice  thermal  storage-system;  Energy;  Exergy;  Economy;  Environment;  Multi-objective  optimization Résumé : One method to reduce the peak electrical demand of air-conditioning (A/C) systems is incorporating an ice thermal energy storage (ITES) with the A/C system. In this paper, an ITES system was modeled for A/C applications and analyzed from energy, exergy, economic, and environmental aspects (4E analysis). Applying the genetic algorithm optimization technique, multi-objective optimization of the system was performed and the optimum values of system design parameters were obtained. The exergy efficiency and total cost rate were considered as objective functions. The performance of modeled ITES system was also compared with a conventional system. The results indicated that electricity consumption in ITES system was 10.9% lower than that of the conventional one. Furthermore, 0.659 × 106 kg of CO2 was prevented from emitting into the atmosphere in comparison with the conventional system. The extra capital cost associated with using ITES system was paid back with savings in electricity consumption in 3.39 years. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002745 [article] Four E analysis and multi-objective optimization of an ice thermal energy storage for air-conditioning applications = Système à accumulation thermique de glace pour les applications en conditionnement d'air : Analyse tenant compte des aspects énergétiques, exergétiques, économiques et environnementaux et optimisation à objectifs multiples [texte imprimé] / Sepehr Sanaye, Auteur ; Ali Shirazi, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 828–841. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 828–841 Mots-clés : Ice  thermal  storage-system;  Energy;  Exergy;  Economy;  Environment;  Multi-objective  optimization Résumé : One method to reduce the peak electrical demand of air-conditioning (A/C) systems is incorporating an ice thermal energy storage (ITES) with the A/C system. In this paper, an ITES system was modeled for A/C applications and analyzed from energy, exergy, economic, and environmental aspects (4E analysis). Applying the genetic algorithm optimization technique, multi-objective optimization of the system was performed and the optimum values of system design parameters were obtained. The exergy efficiency and total cost rate were considered as objective functions. The performance of modeled ITES system was also compared with a conventional system. The results indicated that electricity consumption in ITES system was 10.9% lower than that of the conventional one. Furthermore, 0.659 × 106 kg of CO2 was prevented from emitting into the atmosphere in comparison with the conventional system. The extra capital cost associated with using ITES system was paid back with savings in electricity consumption in 3.39 years. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002745

Formation of ozone ice by freezing water containing ozone micro-bubbles (Investigation into the influence of surfactant on characteristics of ice containing oxygen micro-bubbles) / Koji Matsumoto in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 842–851 Titre : Formation of ozone ice by freezing water containing ozone micro-bubbles (Investigation into the influence of surfactant on characteristics of ice containing oxygen micro-bubbles) Titre original : Formation de glace contentant de l'ozone en congelant de l'eau contenant des micro-bulles d'ozone (étude sur l'influence des agents tensio-actifs sur les caractéristiques de la glace contenant des micro-bulles d'oxygène) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Koji Matsumoto, Auteur ; Ko Sameshima, Auteur ; Yoshikazu Teraoka, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 842–851 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice;  Ozone-cold  storage;  Food;  Sterilization;  Bubbles;  Surfactant Résumé : Recently, the use of ice containing trapped gaseous ozone, which provides the dual benefits of sterilization and deodorization, has gathered increased attention as a food cold storage method. As a method of efficiently trapping gaseous ozone in ice, the authors previously proposed the use of micro-bubbles with several tens of micro-meters in size. Since the process used to trap ozone micro-bubbles results in both ozone gas bubbles and dissolved ozone in the ice itself, both forms of ozone can be recovered and used effectively when the ice is melted. In this study, as the first step, gaseous oxygen is substituted for ozone, after which the suppression of oxygen micro-bubble coalescence, and decrease in the lifting speed of the bubbles caused by adding a small amount of surfactant, are investigated. Additionally, the influence of added surfactant on distribution of bubble size in ice, ice formation rate, mass of formed ice, and bubble content in ice are clarified. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002903 [article] Formation of ozone ice by freezing water containing ozone micro-bubbles (Investigation into the influence of surfactant on characteristics of ice containing oxygen micro-bubbles) = Formation de glace contentant de l'ozone en congelant de l'eau contenant des micro-bulles d'ozone (étude sur l'influence des agents tensio-actifs sur les caractéristiques de la glace contenant des micro-bulles d'oxygène) [texte imprimé] / Koji Matsumoto, Auteur ; Ko Sameshima, Auteur ; Yoshikazu Teraoka, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 842–851. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 842–851 Mots-clés : Ice;  Ozone-cold  storage;  Food;  Sterilization;  Bubbles;  Surfactant Résumé : Recently, the use of ice containing trapped gaseous ozone, which provides the dual benefits of sterilization and deodorization, has gathered increased attention as a food cold storage method. As a method of efficiently trapping gaseous ozone in ice, the authors previously proposed the use of micro-bubbles with several tens of micro-meters in size. Since the process used to trap ozone micro-bubbles results in both ozone gas bubbles and dissolved ozone in the ice itself, both forms of ozone can be recovered and used effectively when the ice is melted. In this study, as the first step, gaseous oxygen is substituted for ozone, after which the suppression of oxygen micro-bubble coalescence, and decrease in the lifting speed of the bubbles caused by adding a small amount of surfactant, are investigated. Additionally, the influence of added surfactant on distribution of bubble size in ice, ice formation rate, mass of formed ice, and bubble content in ice are clarified. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002903

Fundamental study on melting of the ice particle bed due to inflow of warm water / Tatsunori Asaoka in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 852–861 Titre : Fundamental study on melting of the ice particle bed due to inflow of warm water : effect of the initial shape of the ice particle bed on melting behavior Titre original : Etude fondamentale sur la fusion du lit de particules de glace suite à un afflux d'eau chaude : effet de la forme initiale du lit de particules de glace sur le comportement de fusion Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tatsunori Asaoka, Auteur ; Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Masashi Okada, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 852–861 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermal  storage;  Melting;  Ice;  Heat  transfer Résumé : Fine ice particles that make up an ice slurry have an advantage in heat transfer and melt rapidly because of their large specific surface area. In a dynamic-type ice storage system, an ice particle bed is melted by warm water flowing through it to obtain cooled water. The melting process generates a wide flow channel, causing a temperature rise in the ejected water and residual unmelted ice. The melting shape of an ice particle bed depends on the initial shape and the inhomogeneity of porosity in it. This study examined the effect of the initial shape of the ice particle bed on the melting behavior to thereby control the melting shape. The melting shape was controlled by establishing a gap on the surface of the ice particle bed. The pressure distribution in the ice bed varied with the size of the gap, and it strongly affected the melting shape. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003246 [article] Fundamental study on melting of the ice particle bed due to inflow of warm water = Etude fondamentale sur la fusion du lit de particules de glace suite à un afflux d'eau chaude : effet de la forme initiale du lit de particules de glace sur le comportement de fusion : effect of the initial shape of the ice particle bed on melting behavior [texte imprimé] / Tatsunori Asaoka, Auteur ; Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Masashi Okada, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 852–861. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 852–861 Mots-clés : Thermal  storage;  Melting;  Ice;  Heat  transfer Résumé : Fine ice particles that make up an ice slurry have an advantage in heat transfer and melt rapidly because of their large specific surface area. In a dynamic-type ice storage system, an ice particle bed is melted by warm water flowing through it to obtain cooled water. The melting process generates a wide flow channel, causing a temperature rise in the ejected water and residual unmelted ice. The melting shape of an ice particle bed depends on the initial shape and the inhomogeneity of porosity in it. This study examined the effect of the initial shape of the ice particle bed on the melting behavior to thereby control the melting shape. The melting shape was controlled by establishing a gap on the surface of the ice particle bed. The pressure distribution in the ice bed varied with the size of the gap, and it strongly affected the melting shape. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003246

Investigation on controlling ice adhesion force to solid surface by using thin film made from silane-coupler / Koji Matsumoto in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 862–869 Titre : Investigation on controlling ice adhesion force to solid surface by using thin film made from silane-coupler Titre original : Etude sur la possibilité de régulation de la force d'adhésion de la glace à une surface solide à l'aide d'une pellicule mince d'agent de couplage au silane Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Koji Matsumoto, Auteur ; Hiroyuki Inaba, Auteur ; Keisuke Murahashi, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 862–869 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ice;  Adhesion;  Surface  state;  Film;  Silane-coupler Résumé : Ice adhesion to a cooling solid surface sometimes causes a major accident. While, recently, strong ice adhesion force is positively used to fix a workpiece on a table of machine tool during processing. Therefore, it is necessary to control ice adhesion force to the cooling solid surface. However, the control is indeed a nasty problem to handle. In this paper, as a control method of ice adhesion force to the cooling solid surface, a thin film made from a silane-coupler coated on the solid surface is investigated. The silane-coupler has an organic functional and alkoxyl groups, and the alkoxyl group is changed into a silanol group by hydrolysis. And it is expected that the silanol group can be linked with the slid surface through a hydrogen bonding, while ice adhesion force can be controlled by a characteristic of the organic functional group. And a possibility of control of ice adhesion force due to the thin film is investigated. And endurance and mechanical durability of surface modification by the thin film are also compared with those by conventional methods. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003520 [article] Investigation on controlling ice adhesion force to solid surface by using thin film made from silane-coupler = Etude sur la possibilité de régulation de la force d'adhésion de la glace à une surface solide à l'aide d'une pellicule mince d'agent de couplage au silane [texte imprimé] / Koji Matsumoto, Auteur ; Hiroyuki Inaba, Auteur ; Keisuke Murahashi, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 862–869. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 862–869 Mots-clés : Ice;  Adhesion;  Surface  state;  Film;  Silane-coupler Résumé : Ice adhesion to a cooling solid surface sometimes causes a major accident. While, recently, strong ice adhesion force is positively used to fix a workpiece on a table of machine tool during processing. Therefore, it is necessary to control ice adhesion force to the cooling solid surface. However, the control is indeed a nasty problem to handle. In this paper, as a control method of ice adhesion force to the cooling solid surface, a thin film made from a silane-coupler coated on the solid surface is investigated. The silane-coupler has an organic functional and alkoxyl groups, and the alkoxyl group is changed into a silanol group by hydrolysis. And it is expected that the silanol group can be linked with the slid surface through a hydrogen bonding, while ice adhesion force can be controlled by a characteristic of the organic functional group. And a possibility of control of ice adhesion force due to the thin film is investigated. And endurance and mechanical durability of surface modification by the thin film are also compared with those by conventional methods. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003520

Experimental analysis of R1234yf as a drop-in replacement for R134a in a vapor compression system / J. Navarro-Esbrí in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 870–880 Titre : Experimental analysis of R1234yf as a drop-in replacement for R134a in a vapor compression system Titre original : Analyse expérimentale du R1234yf comme frigorigène de remplacement immédiat du R134a dans un système à compression de vapeur Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. Navarro-Esbrí, Auteur ; J. M. Mendoza-Miranda, Auteur ; A. Mota-Babiloni, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 870–880 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Drop-in;  R1234yf;  R134a;  Vapor  compression  system;  Internal  heat  exchanger;  Low  GWP Résumé : This paper presents an experimental analysis of a vapor compression system using R1234yf as a drop-in replacement for R134a. In this work, we compare the energy performance of both refrigerants, R134a and R1234yf, in a monitored vapor compression system under a wide range of working conditions. So, the experimental tests are carried out varying the condensing temperature, the evaporating temperature, the superheating degree, the compressor speed, and the internal heat exchanger use. Comparisons are made taking refrigerant R134a as baseline, and the results show that the cooling capacity obtained with R1234yf in a R134a vapor compression system is about 9% lower than that obtained with R134a in the studied range. Also, when using R1234yf, the system shows values of COP about 19% lower than those obtained using R134a, being the minor difference for higher condensing temperatures. Finally, using an internal heat exchanger these differences in the energy performance are significantly reduced. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200357X [article] Experimental analysis of R1234yf as a drop-in replacement for R134a in a vapor compression system = Analyse expérimentale du R1234yf comme frigorigène de remplacement immédiat du R134a dans un système à compression de vapeur [texte imprimé] / J. Navarro-Esbrí, Auteur ; J. M. Mendoza-Miranda, Auteur ; A. Mota-Babiloni, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 870–880. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 870–880 Mots-clés : Drop-in;  R1234yf;  R134a;  Vapor  compression  system;  Internal  heat  exchanger;  Low  GWP Résumé : This paper presents an experimental analysis of a vapor compression system using R1234yf as a drop-in replacement for R134a. In this work, we compare the energy performance of both refrigerants, R134a and R1234yf, in a monitored vapor compression system under a wide range of working conditions. So, the experimental tests are carried out varying the condensing temperature, the evaporating temperature, the superheating degree, the compressor speed, and the internal heat exchanger use. Comparisons are made taking refrigerant R134a as baseline, and the results show that the cooling capacity obtained with R1234yf in a R134a vapor compression system is about 9% lower than that obtained with R134a in the studied range. Also, when using R1234yf, the system shows values of COP about 19% lower than those obtained using R134a, being the minor difference for higher condensing temperatures. Finally, using an internal heat exchanger these differences in the energy performance are significantly reduced. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200357X

Experimentally validated CO2 ejector operation characteristic used in a numerical investigation of ejector cycle / Christian Lucas in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 881–891 Titre : Experimentally validated CO2 ejector operation characteristic used in a numerical investigation of ejector cycle Titre original : Caractéristique du fonctionnement d'un éjecteur au CO2 validée de façon expérimentale et utilisée dans l'étude numérique d'un cycle à éjecteur Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Christian Lucas, Auteur ; Juergen Koehler, Auteur ; Andreas Schroeder, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 881–891 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : R744;  ejecteur;  refrigerating  system;  COP;  simulation;  model Résumé : Ejectors can be used to improve cycle efficiency of refrigeration and heat pump systems. For the simulation of ejector cycles it is required to accurately describe operation conditions of the ejector. In this work, an ejector operation characteristic for a CO2 ejector based on experimental data is presented. Correlations for the ejector efficiency and the driving mass flow rate are used, which represent the experimental data within an error margin of 10% and 5%, respectively. These correlations are used to simulate a simple CO2 ejector cycle in order to demonstrate their feasibility. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002952 [article] Experimentally validated CO2 ejector operation characteristic used in a numerical investigation of ejector cycle = Caractéristique du fonctionnement d'un éjecteur au CO2 validée de façon expérimentale et utilisée dans l'étude numérique d'un cycle à éjecteur [texte imprimé] / Christian Lucas, Auteur ; Juergen Koehler, Auteur ; Andreas Schroeder, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 881–891. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 881–891 Mots-clés : R744;  ejecteur;  refrigerating  system;  COP;  simulation;  model Résumé : Ejectors can be used to improve cycle efficiency of refrigeration and heat pump systems. For the simulation of ejector cycles it is required to accurately describe operation conditions of the ejector. In this work, an ejector operation characteristic for a CO2 ejector based on experimental data is presented. Correlations for the ejector efficiency and the driving mass flow rate are used, which represent the experimental data within an error margin of 10% and 5%, respectively. These correlations are used to simulate a simple CO2 ejector cycle in order to demonstrate their feasibility. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002952

Performance comparison of R410A and R32 in vapor injection cycles / Xing Xu in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 892–903 Titre : Performance comparison of R410A and R32 in vapor injection cycles Titre original : Comparaison de la performance du R410A et du R32 dans des cycles à injection de vapeur Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xing Xu, Auteur ; Yunho Hwang, Auteur ; Reinhard Radermacher, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 892–903 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : R410A;  R32;  Vapor;  Injection;  Heat  pump Résumé : As global warming has raised more critical concerns in recent years, refrigerants with high global warming potentials (GWP) are facing the challenges of being phased out. R410A, with a GWP of 2088, has been widely used in residential air-conditioner and heat pump systems. A potential substitute for R410A is R32, which has a GWP of 675. This paper investigates the performance difference using R410A and R32 in a vapor-injected heat pump system. Through experimentation, it was found that the capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) improvements using R32 can reach up to 10% and 9%, respectively, as compared to an identical cycle using R410A. It is concluded that R32 is an excellent alternative to replace R410A in terms of performance and can be further enhanced by component optimization. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003532 [article] Performance comparison of R410A and R32 in vapor injection cycles = Comparaison de la performance du R410A et du R32 dans des cycles à injection de vapeur [texte imprimé] / Xing Xu, Auteur ; Yunho Hwang, Auteur ; Reinhard Radermacher, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 892–903. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 892–903 Mots-clés : R410A;  R32;  Vapor;  Injection;  Heat  pump Résumé : As global warming has raised more critical concerns in recent years, refrigerants with high global warming potentials (GWP) are facing the challenges of being phased out. R410A, with a GWP of 2088, has been widely used in residential air-conditioner and heat pump systems. A potential substitute for R410A is R32, which has a GWP of 675. This paper investigates the performance difference using R410A and R32 in a vapor-injected heat pump system. Through experimentation, it was found that the capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) improvements using R32 can reach up to 10% and 9%, respectively, as compared to an identical cycle using R410A. It is concluded that R32 is an excellent alternative to replace R410A in terms of performance and can be further enhanced by component optimization. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003532

Household refrigerators / Clito F. Afonso in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 904–912 Titre : Household refrigerators : orced air ventilation in the compressor and its positive environmental impact Titre original : Réfrigérateurs domestiques: ventilation par air forcé dans le compresseur et son impact positif sur l’environnement Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Clito F. Afonso, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 904–912 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Refrigerator;  Energy  saving;  CO2  emissions;  CFD  simulation;  Experimental  techniques Résumé : One of the critical areas in the outer shell of household refrigerators is the compressor compartment, which has relatively high temperatures, due to the heat generated while the compressor is running. This implies a larger heat transfer to the interior air volume and, consequently, more energy consumption. One way to decrease this temperature is to ventilate the base of the refrigerator with a small fan. In the research carried out, a decrease of 11 °C in the temperature of the surfaces close to the compressor was recorded, when the fan was running. The implications of this effect can be seen at two levels: changes in the temperature distribution at the bottom of the refrigerator envelope and the resulting dynamic effects, and a decrease in energy consumption of the entire system. Consequently, there are lower CO2 emissions to the environment, making household refrigerators more efficient and sustainable. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200285X [article] Household refrigerators = Réfrigérateurs domestiques: ventilation par air forcé dans le compresseur et son impact positif sur l’environnement : orced air ventilation in the compressor and its positive environmental impact [texte imprimé] / Clito F. Afonso, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 904–912. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 904–912 Mots-clés : Refrigerator;  Energy  saving;  CO2  emissions;  CFD  simulation;  Experimental  techniques Résumé : One of the critical areas in the outer shell of household refrigerators is the compressor compartment, which has relatively high temperatures, due to the heat generated while the compressor is running. This implies a larger heat transfer to the interior air volume and, consequently, more energy consumption. One way to decrease this temperature is to ventilate the base of the refrigerator with a small fan. In the research carried out, a decrease of 11 °C in the temperature of the surfaces close to the compressor was recorded, when the fan was running. The implications of this effect can be seen at two levels: changes in the temperature distribution at the bottom of the refrigerator envelope and the resulting dynamic effects, and a decrease in energy consumption of the entire system. Consequently, there are lower CO2 emissions to the environment, making household refrigerators more efficient and sustainable. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200285X

Cycle performances of the mixture HFC-161 + HFC-134a as the substitution of HFC-134a in automotive air conditioning systems / Xiao Hong Han in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 913–920 Titre : Cycle performances of the mixture HFC-161 + HFC-134a as the substitution of HFC-134a in automotive air conditioning systems Titre original : Performances des cycles utilisant le mélange HFC-161 + HFC-134a pour remplacer le HFC-134a dans les systèmes de conditionnement d'air automobiles Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xiao Hong Han, Auteur ; Li Peng, Auteur ; Ying Jie Xu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 913–920 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Air  conditioning  automotive;  HFC-161  +  HFC-134a;  HFC-134a;  Experiment;  Cycle  performance Résumé : In this paper, the mixture of HFC-161/HFC-134a (0.6/0.4 in mass fraction), named ‘M5’, is proposed as a substitution of HFC-134a used in automotive air conditioning systems. The theoretical and experimental cycle performances for M5 and HFC-134a were conducted at the condensation temperature from 50 °C–65 °C, evaporation temperature from −5 °C–10 °C. Theoretical results show that COP of M5 is very close to that of HFC-134a, the specific refrigeration capacity and volumetric refrigeration capacity of M5 are much higher than those of HFC-134a. Experimental results show that COP of M5 is a bit higher than that of HFC-134a, the refrigeration capacity and compressor power of M5 are about 32% and 30% higher than those of HFC-134a, respectively, the compressor discharge temperature and pressure ratio of M5 are about 15% higher and 10.9% lower than those of HFC-134a, respectively. Considering the good performance and compatibility with the existing system, M5 is a potential alternative refrigerant for HFC-134a. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002873 [article] Cycle performances of the mixture HFC-161 + HFC-134a as the substitution of HFC-134a in automotive air conditioning systems = Performances des cycles utilisant le mélange HFC-161 + HFC-134a pour remplacer le HFC-134a dans les systèmes de conditionnement d'air automobiles [texte imprimé] / Xiao Hong Han, Auteur ; Li Peng, Auteur ; Ying Jie Xu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 913–920. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 913–920 Mots-clés : Air  conditioning  automotive;  HFC-161  +  HFC-134a;  HFC-134a;  Experiment;  Cycle  performance Résumé : In this paper, the mixture of HFC-161/HFC-134a (0.6/0.4 in mass fraction), named ‘M5’, is proposed as a substitution of HFC-134a used in automotive air conditioning systems. The theoretical and experimental cycle performances for M5 and HFC-134a were conducted at the condensation temperature from 50 °C–65 °C, evaporation temperature from −5 °C–10 °C. Theoretical results show that COP of M5 is very close to that of HFC-134a, the specific refrigeration capacity and volumetric refrigeration capacity of M5 are much higher than those of HFC-134a. Experimental results show that COP of M5 is a bit higher than that of HFC-134a, the refrigeration capacity and compressor power of M5 are about 32% and 30% higher than those of HFC-134a, respectively, the compressor discharge temperature and pressure ratio of M5 are about 15% higher and 10.9% lower than those of HFC-134a, respectively. Considering the good performance and compatibility with the existing system, M5 is a potential alternative refrigerant for HFC-134a. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002873

Validation of an active magnetic regenerator test apparatus model / J. Dikeos in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 921–931 Titre : Validation of an active magnetic regenerator test apparatus model Titre original : Validation d'un modèle de banc d'essai utilisé pour tester les régénérateurs actifs magnétiques Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. Dikeos, Auteur ; A. Rowe, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 921–931 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Magnetic  refrigeration;  Simulation;  Magnetocaloric  effect;  Active  magnetic  regenerator;  Gadolinium Résumé : This work focuses on the development and validation of a transient one-dimensional numerical model of an active magnetic regenerator (AMR) test apparatus. Simulation results are validated by comparison to room temperature experiments for varying hot heat sink temperature, system pressure, and applied heat load. Three different second-order magnetocaloric materials are used. In addition to external heat leaks, parameters such as thermal conductivity, Curie temperature, and peak magnetocaloric effect are adjusted to obtain better fits to experimental results. In the case of gadolinium, where material properties are well-characterized, the inclusion of parasitic heat leaks as well as an increase in diffusivity resulted in good fits across a broad range of operating conditions. Adjustments to Curie temperature and peak magnetocaloric effect produced good matches with experimental data for Gd0.85Er0.15. Predictive simulations of a Gd – Gd0.85Er0.15 two-layer regenerator are briefly discussed. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003465 [article] Validation of an active magnetic regenerator test apparatus model = Validation d'un modèle de banc d'essai utilisé pour tester les régénérateurs actifs magnétiques [texte imprimé] / J. Dikeos, Auteur ; A. Rowe, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 921–931. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 921–931 Mots-clés : Magnetic  refrigeration;  Simulation;  Magnetocaloric  effect;  Active  magnetic  regenerator;  Gadolinium Résumé : This work focuses on the development and validation of a transient one-dimensional numerical model of an active magnetic regenerator (AMR) test apparatus. Simulation results are validated by comparison to room temperature experiments for varying hot heat sink temperature, system pressure, and applied heat load. Three different second-order magnetocaloric materials are used. In addition to external heat leaks, parameters such as thermal conductivity, Curie temperature, and peak magnetocaloric effect are adjusted to obtain better fits to experimental results. In the case of gadolinium, where material properties are well-characterized, the inclusion of parasitic heat leaks as well as an increase in diffusivity resulted in good fits across a broad range of operating conditions. Adjustments to Curie temperature and peak magnetocaloric effect produced good matches with experimental data for Gd0.85Er0.15. Predictive simulations of a Gd – Gd0.85Er0.15 two-layer regenerator are briefly discussed. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003465

Simplified modeling of active magnetic regenerators / Thomas Burdyny in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 932–940 Titre : Simplified modeling of active magnetic regenerators Titre original : Modélisation simplifiée des régénérateurs magnétiques actifs Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Thomas Burdyny, Auteur ; Andrew Rowe, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 932–940 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Active  magnetic  refrigerator  cycle;  Thermodynamics;  Magnetocaloric  effect;  Magnetic  refrigeration Résumé : A simplified model for predicting the general trends of active magnetic regenerator devices is presented. To reduce computational demands it is assumed the regenerator has sufficiently high convective interaction such that a one-phase regenerator approximation is sufficient. A corrective term is subsequently added to the thermal conductivity to account for the convective heat leak. Losses internal and external to the regenerator are also defined for a generalized AMR device. The steady state temperature span across the regenerator is then evaluated using an energy balance and real material properties with the cooling capacity, work inputs and COP post-calculated using the result. A comparison of the simplified model with experimental results was performed using single-layer and multilayer regenerators of Gd, Gd0.74Tb0.26 and Gd0.85Er0.15. The model showed good conformity in magnitude and sensitivity in all of the scenarios which varied by heat load, frequency and utilization. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002824 [article] Simplified modeling of active magnetic regenerators = Modélisation simplifiée des régénérateurs magnétiques actifs [texte imprimé] / Thomas Burdyny, Auteur ; Andrew Rowe, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 932–940. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 932–940 Mots-clés : Active  magnetic  refrigerator  cycle;  Thermodynamics;  Magnetocaloric  effect;  Magnetic  refrigeration Résumé : A simplified model for predicting the general trends of active magnetic regenerator devices is presented. To reduce computational demands it is assumed the regenerator has sufficiently high convective interaction such that a one-phase regenerator approximation is sufficient. A corrective term is subsequently added to the thermal conductivity to account for the convective heat leak. Losses internal and external to the regenerator are also defined for a generalized AMR device. The steady state temperature span across the regenerator is then evaluated using an energy balance and real material properties with the cooling capacity, work inputs and COP post-calculated using the result. A comparison of the simplified model with experimental results was performed using single-layer and multilayer regenerators of Gd, Gd0.74Tb0.26 and Gd0.85Er0.15. The model showed good conformity in magnitude and sensitivity in all of the scenarios which varied by heat load, frequency and utilization. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002824

A dimensionless description of active magnetic regenerators to compare their performance and to simplify their optimization / Giulio Tagliafico in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 941–949 Titre : A dimensionless description of active magnetic regenerators to compare their performance and to simplify their optimization Titre original : Description adimensionnelle des régénérateurs magnétiques actifs permettant de comparer leur performance et de simplifier leur optimisation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Giulio Tagliafico, Auteur ; Federico Scarpa, Auteur ; Luca A. Tagliafico, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 941–949 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Magnetic  refrigerator;  Regenerator;  Magnetocaloric  effect;  Dimensionless;  Standardization Résumé : The behavior of active magnetic regenerators (AMR) can be described by means of a one-dimensional set of equations. A lot of geometrical, thermo-physical and magnetic parameters influence the behavior and performance of an AMR, together with external controls and operating parameters. Literature data on AMR performances, both experimental and numerical, are given in different conditions and configurations, so that a consistent comparison among different results is not straightforward, and sometimes even not possible. In this paper the most relevant parameters are outlined, by means of a derivation of the dimensionless 1-D AMR equations. The resulting reduced number of key parameters simplifies the performance optimization procedure. Moreover, if the proposed dimensionless set of parameters is reported each time in corresponding scientific work, a comparison of experimental or/and numerical results would become much more feasible and easy to be performed. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002848 [article] A dimensionless description of active magnetic regenerators to compare their performance and to simplify their optimization = Description adimensionnelle des régénérateurs magnétiques actifs permettant de comparer leur performance et de simplifier leur optimisation [texte imprimé] / Giulio Tagliafico, Auteur ; Federico Scarpa, Auteur ; Luca A. Tagliafico, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 941–949. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 941–949 Mots-clés : Magnetic  refrigerator;  Regenerator;  Magnetocaloric  effect;  Dimensionless;  Standardization Résumé : The behavior of active magnetic regenerators (AMR) can be described by means of a one-dimensional set of equations. A lot of geometrical, thermo-physical and magnetic parameters influence the behavior and performance of an AMR, together with external controls and operating parameters. Literature data on AMR performances, both experimental and numerical, are given in different conditions and configurations, so that a consistent comparison among different results is not straightforward, and sometimes even not possible. In this paper the most relevant parameters are outlined, by means of a derivation of the dimensionless 1-D AMR equations. The resulting reduced number of key parameters simplifies the performance optimization procedure. Moreover, if the proposed dimensionless set of parameters is reported each time in corresponding scientific work, a comparison of experimental or/and numerical results would become much more feasible and easy to be performed. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002848

Improvement and application of a numerical model for optimizing the design of magnetic refrigerators / M. Risser in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 950–957 Titre : Improvement and application of a numerical model for optimizing the design of magnetic refrigerators Titre original : Amélioration et application d'un modèle numérique pour l'optimisation de la conception des réfrigérateurs magnétiques Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Risser, Auteur ; C. Vasile, Auteur ; C. Muller, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 950–957 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Magnetocaloric  refrigerator;  Modelling;  Thermodynamic  cycle;  Exergy;  Gadolinium Résumé : Magnetocaloric systems are interesting from the point of view of energy efficiency and could be environment-friendly products. Numerous prototypes have demonstrated the feasibility of such systems for applications around room temperature, but there is still room for improvement. The research of an optimal configuration only by an experimental approach is a complex and difficult task due to numerous building parameters and driving parameters. Therefore we propose here a methodology based on a numerical approach. A numerical model calibrated with respect to experimental tests is used to make a parametric analysis of a magnetocaloric system. The design of the system is made according to given functional specifications, targeting different design strategies such as the power density, the energy efficiency, the maximizing of the temperature span, etc. This work is a step forward to the increase of the efficiency in the design of our future systems. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002721 [article] Improvement and application of a numerical model for optimizing the design of magnetic refrigerators = Amélioration et application d'un modèle numérique pour l'optimisation de la conception des réfrigérateurs magnétiques [texte imprimé] / M. Risser, Auteur ; C. Vasile, Auteur ; C. Muller, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 950–957. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 950–957 Mots-clés : Magnetocaloric  refrigerator;  Modelling;  Thermodynamic  cycle;  Exergy;  Gadolinium Résumé : Magnetocaloric systems are interesting from the point of view of energy efficiency and could be environment-friendly products. Numerous prototypes have demonstrated the feasibility of such systems for applications around room temperature, but there is still room for improvement. The research of an optimal configuration only by an experimental approach is a complex and difficult task due to numerous building parameters and driving parameters. Therefore we propose here a methodology based on a numerical approach. A numerical model calibrated with respect to experimental tests is used to make a parametric analysis of a magnetocaloric system. The design of the system is made according to given functional specifications, targeting different design strategies such as the power density, the energy efficiency, the maximizing of the temperature span, etc. This work is a step forward to the increase of the efficiency in the design of our future systems. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002721

Performance characteristics of a regeneration Ericsson refrigeration cycle using a magnetic composite as the working substance / Gildas Diguet in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 958–964 Titre : Performance characteristics of a regeneration Ericsson refrigeration cycle using a magnetic composite as the working substance Titre original : Caractéristiques de la performance d'un cycle frigorifique d'Ericsson à régénération utilisant un matériau composite magnétique comme substance active Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gildas Diguet, Auteur ; Guoxing, Lin, Auteur ; Jincan, Chen, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 958–964 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Magnetic  refrigeration;  Room  temperature;  Magnetic  composite  material;  Non-perfect  regeneration;  Field;  Heat  capacity Résumé : Thermodynamic performance analysis for a magnetic composite material in a regeneration Ericsson refrigeration cycle is presented in this article. The regeneration heats in the two regenerative processes of the Ericsson refrigeration cycle are usually non-perfect and this non-perfect regenerative quantity is calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, from the experimental data of iso-field heat capacities of Gd, Gd0.74Tb0.26, and (Gd3.5Tb1.5)Si4, thermodynamic performance of the corresponding composite material, based on these materials, in a regeneration Ericsson refrigeration cycle is evaluated and analyzed. Due to the non-perfect regeneration, the composite cooling quantity and coefficient of performance of the Ericsson refrigeration cycle decrease, but they are still larger than those of each of its compounds. The calculation method of the magnetic composite presented here can be used as a new basis for creating a new magnetic composite with better regeneration processes in the Ericsson refrigeration cycle. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003301 [article] Performance characteristics of a regeneration Ericsson refrigeration cycle using a magnetic composite as the working substance = Caractéristiques de la performance d'un cycle frigorifique d'Ericsson à régénération utilisant un matériau composite magnétique comme substance active [texte imprimé] / Gildas Diguet, Auteur ; Guoxing, Lin, Auteur ; Jincan, Chen, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 958–964. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 958–964 Mots-clés : Magnetic  refrigeration;  Room  temperature;  Magnetic  composite  material;  Non-perfect  regeneration;  Field;  Heat  capacity Résumé : Thermodynamic performance analysis for a magnetic composite material in a regeneration Ericsson refrigeration cycle is presented in this article. The regeneration heats in the two regenerative processes of the Ericsson refrigeration cycle are usually non-perfect and this non-perfect regenerative quantity is calculated and analyzed. Furthermore, from the experimental data of iso-field heat capacities of Gd, Gd0.74Tb0.26, and (Gd3.5Tb1.5)Si4, thermodynamic performance of the corresponding composite material, based on these materials, in a regeneration Ericsson refrigeration cycle is evaluated and analyzed. Due to the non-perfect regeneration, the composite cooling quantity and coefficient of performance of the Ericsson refrigeration cycle decrease, but they are still larger than those of each of its compounds. The calculation method of the magnetic composite presented here can be used as a new basis for creating a new magnetic composite with better regeneration processes in the Ericsson refrigeration cycle. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003301

Vapor-liquid equilibrium measurements for binary mixtures of R1234yf with R32, R125, and R134a / Takumi Kamiaka in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 965–971 Titre : Vapor-liquid equilibrium measurements for binary mixtures of R1234yf with R32, R125, and R134a Titre original : Mesures de l'équilibre vapeur-liquide de mélanges binaires à base de R1234yf et de R32, R125 et R134a Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Takumi Kamiaka, Auteur ; Chaobin Dang, Auteur ; Eiji Hihara, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 965–971 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermodynamic  property;  Equation  of  state;  R1234yf;  R32;  R125;  R134a;  Binary  mixture Résumé : Vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) measurement results for three binary refrigerant mixtures of R1234yf with R32, R125, and R134a are presented. The VLE properties were measured at mass fractions of R1234yf from 25% to 80%. Equilibrium pressures were measured at temperatures from 273 K to 333 K at 10 K intervals for each binary refrigerant mixture. Measured data were correlated by using both the Peng–Robinson-type and Helmholtz-type equations of state combined with mixing rules. Binary interaction parameters included in each mixing rule were optimized to fit the measured VLE data of each binary mixture. It was found that the temperature glide of the refrigerant mixture R32/R1234yf was much larger than that of the other binary mixtures. Further, it was found that R134a/R1234yf had an azeotropic property around 50/50 wt%. The measured fundamental data of the vapor–liquid equilibrium are crucial for the optimization of binary refrigerant mixture systems. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002034 [article] Vapor-liquid equilibrium measurements for binary mixtures of R1234yf with R32, R125, and R134a = Mesures de l'équilibre vapeur-liquide de mélanges binaires à base de R1234yf et de R32, R125 et R134a [texte imprimé] / Takumi Kamiaka, Auteur ; Chaobin Dang, Auteur ; Eiji Hihara, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 965–971. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 965–971 Mots-clés : Thermodynamic  property;  Equation  of  state;  R1234yf;  R32;  R125;  R134a;  Binary  mixture Résumé : Vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) measurement results for three binary refrigerant mixtures of R1234yf with R32, R125, and R134a are presented. The VLE properties were measured at mass fractions of R1234yf from 25% to 80%. Equilibrium pressures were measured at temperatures from 273 K to 333 K at 10 K intervals for each binary refrigerant mixture. Measured data were correlated by using both the Peng–Robinson-type and Helmholtz-type equations of state combined with mixing rules. Binary interaction parameters included in each mixing rule were optimized to fit the measured VLE data of each binary mixture. It was found that the temperature glide of the refrigerant mixture R32/R1234yf was much larger than that of the other binary mixtures. Further, it was found that R134a/R1234yf had an azeotropic property around 50/50 wt%. The measured fundamental data of the vapor–liquid equilibrium are crucial for the optimization of binary refrigerant mixture systems. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002034

A departure-function approach to calculate thermodynamic properties of refrigerant-oil mixtures / Moisés A. Marcelino Neto in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 972–979 Titre : A departure-function approach to calculate thermodynamic properties of refrigerant-oil mixtures Titre original : Approche fondée sur les fonctions pour le calcul des propriétés thermodynamiques des mélanges frigorigène-huile Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Moisés A. Marcelino Neto, Auteur ; Jader R. Barbosa Jr., Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 972–979 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Refrigerant;  Oil;  Mixtures;  Phase  equilibrium;  Thermodynamic  properties;  Function Résumé : A method based on the theory of departure functions coupled with the Peng and Robinson (1976) equation of state was used to calculate the thermodynamic properties (internal energy, enthalpy, entropy and specific volume) of refrigerant-oil mixtures. The method is exemplified with isobutane (R-600a)/alkyl benzene ISO 5 and isobutane/polyol ester ISO 7 mixtures. Pressure-enthalpy, pressure–volume and temperature–entropy diagrams are presented for overall oil concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1%. The influence of the oil type on the working fluid properties is discussed. For a given overall oil concentration, the higher solubility of alkyl benzene ISO 5 (in comparison with polyol ester ISO 7) gives rise to larger deviations from the pure refrigerant behavior. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003477 [article] A departure-function approach to calculate thermodynamic properties of refrigerant-oil mixtures = Approche fondée sur les fonctions pour le calcul des propriétés thermodynamiques des mélanges frigorigène-huile [texte imprimé] / Moisés A. Marcelino Neto, Auteur ; Jader R. Barbosa Jr., Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 972–979. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 972–979 Mots-clés : Refrigerant;  Oil;  Mixtures;  Phase  equilibrium;  Thermodynamic  properties;  Function Résumé : A method based on the theory of departure functions coupled with the Peng and Robinson (1976) equation of state was used to calculate the thermodynamic properties (internal energy, enthalpy, entropy and specific volume) of refrigerant-oil mixtures. The method is exemplified with isobutane (R-600a)/alkyl benzene ISO 5 and isobutane/polyol ester ISO 7 mixtures. Pressure-enthalpy, pressure–volume and temperature–entropy diagrams are presented for overall oil concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1%. The influence of the oil type on the working fluid properties is discussed. For a given overall oil concentration, the higher solubility of alkyl benzene ISO 5 (in comparison with polyol ester ISO 7) gives rise to larger deviations from the pure refrigerant behavior. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003477

Implementation of PC-SAFT and SAFT + Cubic for modeling thermodynamic properties of haloalkanes. II. 7 Haloethanes and their mixtures / Ilya Polishuk in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 980–991 Titre : Implementation of PC-SAFT and SAFT + Cubic for modeling thermodynamic properties of haloalkanes. II. 7 Haloethanes and their mixtures Titre original : Mise en œuvre d'équations PC-SAFT et SAFT + Cubic pour la modélisation des propriétés thermodynamiques des haloalcanes. II. 7 haloalcanes et leurs mélanges Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ilya Polishuk, Auteur ; Erez Assor, Auteur ; Naor Cohen, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 980–991 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fluid;  Theory;  Statistics;  Refrigerants;  Density;  Sound  velocity;  Heat  capacity;  Phase  equilibria Résumé : This study compares PC-SAFT and SAFT + Cubic in predicting various thermodynamic properties of 7 haloethanes. The correct estimation of the pure compound critical points contributes to a superior over-all robustness and reliability of SAFT + Cubic. However SAFT + Cubic is less accurate in modeling vapor pressures and isobaric heat capacities away from the critical points. Nevertheless, while being imprecise in predicting CP and CV separately, SAFT + Cubic establishes a more successful mutual error cancellation of these properties, both for ratio and for arithmetic average. Hence, the inaccurate estimations of heat capacities have relatively small impact on predictions of sound velocities. Considering the fact that the heat capacities in engineering equipment are somewhere between constant-volume and constant-pressure conditions, SAFT + Cubic might in fact yield reasonable estimations of the actual data. However its strongest points in comparison to PC-SAFT are the predictions of sound velocities and phase equilibria. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002940 [article] Implementation of PC-SAFT and SAFT + Cubic for modeling thermodynamic properties of haloalkanes. II. 7 Haloethanes and their mixtures = Mise en œuvre d'équations PC-SAFT et SAFT + Cubic pour la modélisation des propriétés thermodynamiques des haloalcanes. II. 7 haloalcanes et leurs mélanges [texte imprimé] / Ilya Polishuk, Auteur ; Erez Assor, Auteur ; Naor Cohen, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 980–991. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 980–991 Mots-clés : Fluid;  Theory;  Statistics;  Refrigerants;  Density;  Sound  velocity;  Heat  capacity;  Phase  equilibria Résumé : This study compares PC-SAFT and SAFT + Cubic in predicting various thermodynamic properties of 7 haloethanes. The correct estimation of the pure compound critical points contributes to a superior over-all robustness and reliability of SAFT + Cubic. However SAFT + Cubic is less accurate in modeling vapor pressures and isobaric heat capacities away from the critical points. Nevertheless, while being imprecise in predicting CP and CV separately, SAFT + Cubic establishes a more successful mutual error cancellation of these properties, both for ratio and for arithmetic average. Hence, the inaccurate estimations of heat capacities have relatively small impact on predictions of sound velocities. Considering the fact that the heat capacities in engineering equipment are somewhere between constant-volume and constant-pressure conditions, SAFT + Cubic might in fact yield reasonable estimations of the actual data. However its strongest points in comparison to PC-SAFT are the predictions of sound velocities and phase equilibria. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002940

Measurement of latent heat of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) hydrate / Tatsunori Asaoka in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 992–997 Titre : Measurement of latent heat of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) hydrate Titre original : Mesure de la chaleur latente de l'hydrate du bromure de tétra-n-butylammonium Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tatsunori Asaoka, Auteur ; Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Maki Serita, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 992–997 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermal  storage;  Latent  heat;  Hydrate;  Ice  slurry Résumé : Tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) hydrate has favorable properties as a thermal storage material. For example, the phase change temperature, which is from 0 to 12 °C, is suitable for use in air conditioning, and the latent heat is relatively large. Thus, the thermophysical properties of TBAB hydrate, such as latent heat, are of considerable interest. In this study, a large size of pure TBAB hydrate crystal was formed and the latent heat of TBAB hydrate was measured by melting the crystal. The latent heat of TBAB hydrate type 1 was estimated to be 210 kJ kg−1, while that for type 2 hydrate was 224 kJ kg−1. These values agree with literature values estimated from the variation of specific enthalpy of TBAB hydrate slurry, but are 10% larger than the other literature values measured using DSC. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003544 [article] Measurement of latent heat of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) hydrate = Mesure de la chaleur latente de l'hydrate du bromure de tétra-n-butylammonium [texte imprimé] / Tatsunori Asaoka, Auteur ; Hiroyuki Kumano, Auteur ; Maki Serita, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 992–997. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 992–997 Mots-clés : Thermal  storage;  Latent  heat;  Hydrate;  Ice  slurry Résumé : Tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB) hydrate has favorable properties as a thermal storage material. For example, the phase change temperature, which is from 0 to 12 °C, is suitable for use in air conditioning, and the latent heat is relatively large. Thus, the thermophysical properties of TBAB hydrate, such as latent heat, are of considerable interest. In this study, a large size of pure TBAB hydrate crystal was formed and the latent heat of TBAB hydrate was measured by melting the crystal. The latent heat of TBAB hydrate type 1 was estimated to be 210 kJ kg−1, while that for type 2 hydrate was 224 kJ kg−1. These values agree with literature values estimated from the variation of specific enthalpy of TBAB hydrate slurry, but are 10% larger than the other literature values measured using DSC. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003544

Thermal conductivity of ammonia + water mixtures over a wide range of concentrations / Yolanda Cuenca in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 998–1003 Titre : Thermal conductivity of ammonia + water mixtures over a wide range of concentrations Titre original : Conductivité thermique des mélanges ammoniac / eau pour un large éventail de concentrations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yolanda Cuenca, Auteur ; Daniel Salavera, Auteur ; Anton Vernet, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 998–1003 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Thermal  conductivity;  Ammonia  +  water;  Transient  hot-wire  method;  Absorption  refrigeration Résumé : The thermal conductivity of NH3 + H2O mixtures (with 0.1–0.5 mass fraction ammonia) was measured at temperatures between 293.15 K and 313.15 K using a transient hot-wire apparatus. The apparatus and method were validated by comparing the measured values of the thermal conductivity of pure water and water + lithium nitrate mixtures with published values. Uncertainty in the measurements was estimated to be less than 0.017 W m−1 K−1. The thermal conductivities of NH3 + H2O mixtures were compared with the literature values and also fitted with several well-known models. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200299X [article] Thermal conductivity of ammonia + water mixtures over a wide range of concentrations = Conductivité thermique des mélanges ammoniac / eau pour un large éventail de concentrations [texte imprimé] / Yolanda Cuenca, Auteur ; Daniel Salavera, Auteur ; Anton Vernet, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 998–1003. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 998–1003 Mots-clés : Thermal  conductivity;  Ammonia  +  water;  Transient  hot-wire  method;  Absorption  refrigeration Résumé : The thermal conductivity of NH3 + H2O mixtures (with 0.1–0.5 mass fraction ammonia) was measured at temperatures between 293.15 K and 313.15 K using a transient hot-wire apparatus. The apparatus and method were validated by comparing the measured values of the thermal conductivity of pure water and water + lithium nitrate mixtures with published values. Uncertainty in the measurements was estimated to be less than 0.017 W m−1 K−1. The thermal conductivities of NH3 + H2O mixtures were compared with the literature values and also fitted with several well-known models. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200299X

Heat and mass transfer studies on a compact bubble absorber in R134a-DMF solution based vapour absorption refrigeration system / M. Suresh in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1004–1014 Titre : Heat and mass transfer studies on a compact bubble absorber in R134a-DMF solution based vapour absorption refrigeration system Titre original : Etudes sur le transfert de chaleur et de masse dans l'absorbeur à bulles au R134a/DMF d'un système frigorifique à absorption de vapeur Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Suresh, Auteur ; A. Mani, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1004–1014 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Absorption  system;  R134a;  Dimethyl  formamide;  Plate  heat  exchanger;  Heat  transfer;  Mass  transfer;  Correlation Résumé : Experimental investigations have been carried out to study heat and mass transfer characteristics of Tetrafluoro ethane (R134a) in Dimethyl formamide (DMF) solution in a compact bubble absorber of vapour absorption refrigeration system of 1 TR capacity. Plate heat exchangers have been used as system components. Bubble absorption principle is employed in the absorber and hot water supplies heat to the generator. Effect of operating parameters such as circulation ratio, absorber and generator temperatures on heat and mass transfer effectiveness, overall heat transfer coefficient and volumetric mass transfer coefficient are investigated. It is found that heat and mass transfer effectiveness of absorber are better at lower circulation ratios and higher generator temperatures. Experimental results are compared with those obtained from numerical model developed earlier by the authors and the agreement is generally fair. From the experimental data, a correlation has been obtained for volumetric mass transfer coefficient, using multi-linear regression analysis. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002939 [article] Heat and mass transfer studies on a compact bubble absorber in R134a-DMF solution based vapour absorption refrigeration system = Etudes sur le transfert de chaleur et de masse dans l'absorbeur à bulles au R134a/DMF d'un système frigorifique à absorption de vapeur [texte imprimé] / M. Suresh, Auteur ; A. Mani, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1004–1014. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1004–1014 Mots-clés : Absorption  system;  R134a;  Dimethyl  formamide;  Plate  heat  exchanger;  Heat  transfer;  Mass  transfer;  Correlation Résumé : Experimental investigations have been carried out to study heat and mass transfer characteristics of Tetrafluoro ethane (R134a) in Dimethyl formamide (DMF) solution in a compact bubble absorber of vapour absorption refrigeration system of 1 TR capacity. Plate heat exchangers have been used as system components. Bubble absorption principle is employed in the absorber and hot water supplies heat to the generator. Effect of operating parameters such as circulation ratio, absorber and generator temperatures on heat and mass transfer effectiveness, overall heat transfer coefficient and volumetric mass transfer coefficient are investigated. It is found that heat and mass transfer effectiveness of absorber are better at lower circulation ratios and higher generator temperatures. Experimental results are compared with those obtained from numerical model developed earlier by the authors and the agreement is generally fair. From the experimental data, a correlation has been obtained for volumetric mass transfer coefficient, using multi-linear regression analysis. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002939

Proposal and validation of a model for the dynamic simulation of a solar-assisted single-stage LiBr/water absorption chiller / G. Evola in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1015–1028 Titre : Proposal and validation of a model for the dynamic simulation of a solar-assisted single-stage LiBr/water absorption chiller Titre original : Proposition et validation d'un modèle pour la simulation dynamique d'un refroidisseur à absorption au LiBr / eau solaire monoétagé Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : G. Evola, Auteur ; N. Le Pierrès, Auteur ; F. Boudehenn, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1015–1028 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Absorption  chiller;  Lithium  bromide;  Dynamic  performance;  Simulation;  Experimental  results Résumé : In this paper, a general mathematical model for the dynamic simulation of a single-effect LiBr/water absorption chiller is presented. The model is based on mass and energy balances applied to the internal components of the machine, and it accounts for the non-steady behaviour due to thermal and mass storage in the components. The validation of the mathematical model is performed through experimental data collected on a commercial small-capacity water-cooled unit. Due to the peculiar technology adopted in the real chiller, a special effort was made to identify the appropriate values of the main physical parameters. The validation of the model is based on the values of the water temperature at the outlet of the machine, as no measurement inside the machine was possible; anyway, a consistency analysis applied to the internal parameters is also presented. The agreement between experimental and simulated results is very good, both on a daily and on a seasonal basis. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002733 [article] Proposal and validation of a model for the dynamic simulation of a solar-assisted single-stage LiBr/water absorption chiller = Proposition et validation d'un modèle pour la simulation dynamique d'un refroidisseur à absorption au LiBr / eau solaire monoétagé [texte imprimé] / G. Evola, Auteur ; N. Le Pierrès, Auteur ; F. Boudehenn, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1015–1028. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1015–1028 Mots-clés : Absorption  chiller;  Lithium  bromide;  Dynamic  performance;  Simulation;  Experimental  results Résumé : In this paper, a general mathematical model for the dynamic simulation of a single-effect LiBr/water absorption chiller is presented. The model is based on mass and energy balances applied to the internal components of the machine, and it accounts for the non-steady behaviour due to thermal and mass storage in the components. The validation of the mathematical model is performed through experimental data collected on a commercial small-capacity water-cooled unit. Due to the peculiar technology adopted in the real chiller, a special effort was made to identify the appropriate values of the main physical parameters. The validation of the model is based on the values of the water temperature at the outlet of the machine, as no measurement inside the machine was possible; anyway, a consistency analysis applied to the internal parameters is also presented. The agreement between experimental and simulated results is very good, both on a daily and on a seasonal basis. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002733

Experimental study of a two-stage adsorption freezing machine driven by low temperature heat source / J. Wang in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1029–1036 Titre : Experimental study of a two-stage adsorption freezing machine driven by low temperature heat source Titre original : Etude expérimentale effectuée sur un système frigorifique biétagé à adsorption fonctionnant grâce à une source de chaleur à basse température Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J. Wang, Auteur ; L. W. Wang, Auteur ; W. L. Luo, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1029–1036 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adsorption  refrigerator;  Composite  adsorbent;  Low-temperature  heat  source;  Freezing Résumé : A novel two-stage adsorption freezing machine, which is powered by the heat source with the temperature below 100 °C was developed. The composite adsorbents of CaCl2 and BaCl2 developed by the matrix of expanded natural graphite were chosen as adsorbents. The performance of the system was tested, and the results showed that the system can generate the refrigerating power at −15 °C for the coolant temperature of 25 °C when the temperature of heat source is as low as 75 °C. For the heat source of 85 °C and the coolant temperature of 25 °C, the optimal coefficient of performance (COP) and specific cooling power (SCP) at −15 °C refrigeration are 0.127 and 100 W kg−1, respectively. COP and SCP increased with the increasing heat source temperature and decreased with the decreasing evaporating temperature; the influence of evaporating temperature is not as significant as that of the regeneration temperature. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002897 [article] Experimental study of a two-stage adsorption freezing machine driven by low temperature heat source = Etude expérimentale effectuée sur un système frigorifique biétagé à adsorption fonctionnant grâce à une source de chaleur à basse température [texte imprimé] / J. Wang, Auteur ; L. W. Wang, Auteur ; W. L. Luo, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1029–1036. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1029–1036 Mots-clés : Adsorption  refrigerator;  Composite  adsorbent;  Low-temperature  heat  source;  Freezing Résumé : A novel two-stage adsorption freezing machine, which is powered by the heat source with the temperature below 100 °C was developed. The composite adsorbents of CaCl2 and BaCl2 developed by the matrix of expanded natural graphite were chosen as adsorbents. The performance of the system was tested, and the results showed that the system can generate the refrigerating power at −15 °C for the coolant temperature of 25 °C when the temperature of heat source is as low as 75 °C. For the heat source of 85 °C and the coolant temperature of 25 °C, the optimal coefficient of performance (COP) and specific cooling power (SCP) at −15 °C refrigeration are 0.127 and 100 W kg−1, respectively. COP and SCP increased with the increasing heat source temperature and decreased with the decreasing evaporating temperature; the influence of evaporating temperature is not as significant as that of the regeneration temperature. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002897

Adsorption cooling system employing granular activated carbon–R134a pair for renewable energy applications / Ahmed A. Askalany in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1037–1044 Titre : Adsorption cooling system employing granular activated carbon–R134a pair for renewable energy applications Titre original : Système de refroidissement à adsorption utilisant le couple actif charbon actif granulé / R134a dans les applications de l'énergie renouvelable Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ahmed A. Askalany, Auteur ; Bidyut B. Saha, Auteur ; Mahmoud S. Ahmed, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1037–1044 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Activated  carbon;  Adsorption;  Cooling;  Waste  heat  recovery Résumé : An adsorption cooling system has been designed and built employing granular activated carbon (GAC)–R134a as adsorbent–refrigerant pair. The performance of the system has been determined using a cycle simulation computer program written in Fortran. The performance of the system has been determined varying driving heat source inlet temperatures and delivered evaporator temperatures. The maximum driving heat source temperature is kept below 100 °C to utilize solar thermal energy or waste heat sources. The results showed good agreement between the theoretical and experimental data. The maximum theoretical coefficient of performance (COP) is obtained as 0.35. The experimental specific cooling energy (SCE) is reached up to 70 kJ kg−1 whereas the maximum theoretical SCE of the system is 83 kJ kg−1. The pressurized-bed adsorption cooling system can effectively utilize low grade waste heat of temperature below 100 °C. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003088 [article] Adsorption cooling system employing granular activated carbon–R134a pair for renewable energy applications = Système de refroidissement à adsorption utilisant le couple actif charbon actif granulé / R134a dans les applications de l'énergie renouvelable [texte imprimé] / Ahmed A. Askalany, Auteur ; Bidyut B. Saha, Auteur ; Mahmoud S. Ahmed, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1037–1044. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1037–1044 Mots-clés : Activated  carbon;  Adsorption;  Cooling;  Waste  heat  recovery Résumé : An adsorption cooling system has been designed and built employing granular activated carbon (GAC)–R134a as adsorbent–refrigerant pair. The performance of the system has been determined using a cycle simulation computer program written in Fortran. The performance of the system has been determined varying driving heat source inlet temperatures and delivered evaporator temperatures. The maximum driving heat source temperature is kept below 100 °C to utilize solar thermal energy or waste heat sources. The results showed good agreement between the theoretical and experimental data. The maximum theoretical coefficient of performance (COP) is obtained as 0.35. The experimental specific cooling energy (SCE) is reached up to 70 kJ kg−1 whereas the maximum theoretical SCE of the system is 83 kJ kg−1. The pressurized-bed adsorption cooling system can effectively utilize low grade waste heat of temperature below 100 °C. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003088

Nucleate pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant / Haitao Hu in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1045–1055 Titre : Nucleate pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant Titre original : Caractéristiques du transfert de chaleur lors de l'ébullition libre nucléée d'un mélange frigorigène / nanolubrifiant contenant un agent tensio-actif Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Haitao Hu, Auteur ; Peng, Hao, Auteur ; Guoliang Ding, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1045–1055 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Additive;  Nucleate  boiling;  Lubricant;  Particle;  Refrigerant Résumé : The objective of this paper is to investigate the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant. In the experiments, three types of surfactants including SDS, CTAB and Span-80 were used. Nanolubricant was formed from Cu nanoparticles and oil VG68. The results show that, the ratio of heat transfer coefficient of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant to that without surfactant (defined as surfactant impact factor, SIF) are within 0.85–1.58, 0.73–1.31, and 0.68–1.24 for SDS, CTAB and Span-80, respectively. The values of SIF increase with the increase of surfactant concentration and then decrease, and increase with the decrease of surfactant molecular weight, nanolubricant concentration and heat flux. A nucleate pool boiling heat transfer correlation for refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture was proposed, and it agrees well with the experimental data of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant and that without surfactant. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003581 [article] Nucleate pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant = Caractéristiques du transfert de chaleur lors de l'ébullition libre nucléée d'un mélange frigorigène / nanolubrifiant contenant un agent tensio-actif [texte imprimé] / Haitao Hu, Auteur ; Peng, Hao, Auteur ; Guoliang Ding, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1045–1055. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1045–1055 Mots-clés : Additive;  Nucleate  boiling;  Lubricant;  Particle;  Refrigerant Résumé : The objective of this paper is to investigate the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant. In the experiments, three types of surfactants including SDS, CTAB and Span-80 were used. Nanolubricant was formed from Cu nanoparticles and oil VG68. The results show that, the ratio of heat transfer coefficient of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant to that without surfactant (defined as surfactant impact factor, SIF) are within 0.85–1.58, 0.73–1.31, and 0.68–1.24 for SDS, CTAB and Span-80, respectively. The values of SIF increase with the increase of surfactant concentration and then decrease, and increase with the decrease of surfactant molecular weight, nanolubricant concentration and heat flux. A nucleate pool boiling heat transfer correlation for refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture was proposed, and it agrees well with the experimental data of refrigerant/nanolubricant mixture with surfactant and that without surfactant. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003581

The study on the critical heat flux and pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of binary nanofluids (H2O/LiBr + Al2O3) / Jung-Yeul Jung in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1056–1061 Titre : The study on the critical heat flux and pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of binary nanofluids (H2O/LiBr + Al2O3) Titre original : Etude sur le flux thermique critique et le coefficient de transfert de chaleur des nanofluides binaires (H2O/LiBr + Al2O3) lors de l'ébullition libre Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jung-Yeul Jung, Auteur ; Eung Surk Kim, Auteur ; Youngsuk Nam, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1056–1061 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Binary  mixture;  Particles;  Heat  flux;  Heat  transfer  coefficient;  Pool  boiling Résumé : In this study, we measured the critical heat flux (CHF) and boiling heat transfer coefficient of H2O/LiBr-based binary nanofluids. By using the PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) as a stabilizer, Al2O3 nanoparticles could be stably dispersed in H2O/LiBr. The plate copper heater (10 × 10 mm2) is used as the boiling surface. The concentration of nanoparticle varies 0–0.1 vol%, dispersed in H2O/LiBr solutions (3, 7 and 10 wt% of LiBr). The results show that the boiling heat transfer coefficient of the binary nanofluids becomes lower than that of the base fluid as the concentration of nanoparticles increases while CHF of it becomes higher. We obtained an enhanced CHF of ∼48.5% (compared to the base fluid) with the 0.1 vol% Al2O3 in 10 wt% LiBr aqueous solution. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003295 [article] The study on the critical heat flux and pool boiling heat transfer coefficient of binary nanofluids (H2O/LiBr + Al2O3) = Etude sur le flux thermique critique et le coefficient de transfert de chaleur des nanofluides binaires (H2O/LiBr + Al2O3) lors de l'ébullition libre [texte imprimé] / Jung-Yeul Jung, Auteur ; Eung Surk Kim, Auteur ; Youngsuk Nam, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1056–1061. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1056–1061 Mots-clés : Binary  mixture;  Particles;  Heat  flux;  Heat  transfer  coefficient;  Pool  boiling Résumé : In this study, we measured the critical heat flux (CHF) and boiling heat transfer coefficient of H2O/LiBr-based binary nanofluids. By using the PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) as a stabilizer, Al2O3 nanoparticles could be stably dispersed in H2O/LiBr. The plate copper heater (10 × 10 mm2) is used as the boiling surface. The concentration of nanoparticle varies 0–0.1 vol%, dispersed in H2O/LiBr solutions (3, 7 and 10 wt% of LiBr). The results show that the boiling heat transfer coefficient of the binary nanofluids becomes lower than that of the base fluid as the concentration of nanoparticles increases while CHF of it becomes higher. We obtained an enhanced CHF of ∼48.5% (compared to the base fluid) with the 0.1 vol% Al2O3 in 10 wt% LiBr aqueous solution. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003295

Effect of inlet configuration on upward branching of two-phase refrigerant in a parallel flow heat exchanger / Nae-Hyun Kim in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1062–1077 Titre : Effect of inlet configuration on upward branching of two-phase refrigerant in a parallel flow heat exchanger Titre original : Effet de la configuration sur les branchements ascendants d'un frigorigène diphasique dans un échangeur de chaleur à écoulement parallèle Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nae-Hyun Kim, Auteur ; Ho-Won Byun, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1062–1077 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Flow  distribution;  Heat  exchanger;  Inlet  configuration Résumé : The refrigerant R-134a flow distributions were experimentally studied for a round header-10 flat tube test section simulating a brazed aluminum heat exchanger. Three different inlet orientations (parallel, normal, vertical) were investigated. Tests were conducted with upward flow for the mass flux from 70 to 130 kg m−2 s−1 and quality from 0.2 to 0.6. Tubes were flush-mounted in the header with no protrusion. Both for liquid and gas, the best flow distribution was obtained from vertical inlet configuration. Between other two inlet configurations, parallel inlet was better for liquid distribution, and normal inlet was better for gas distribution. In general, the effect of mass flux or quality on flow distribution was not significant. Correlations were developed to predict the fraction of liquid or gas taken off by downstream channel as a function of header liquid Reynolds number at immediate upstream. Header pressure drop was obtained by subtracting appropriate pressure drops from the measured pressure drop. The header pressure drops were mostly negative, which implied that the pressure was recovered in the header. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003428 [article] Effect of inlet configuration on upward branching of two-phase refrigerant in a parallel flow heat exchanger = Effet de la configuration sur les branchements ascendants d'un frigorigène diphasique dans un échangeur de chaleur à écoulement parallèle [texte imprimé] / Nae-Hyun Kim, Auteur ; Ho-Won Byun, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1062–1077. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1062–1077 Mots-clés : Flow  distribution;  Heat  exchanger;  Inlet  configuration Résumé : The refrigerant R-134a flow distributions were experimentally studied for a round header-10 flat tube test section simulating a brazed aluminum heat exchanger. Three different inlet orientations (parallel, normal, vertical) were investigated. Tests were conducted with upward flow for the mass flux from 70 to 130 kg m−2 s−1 and quality from 0.2 to 0.6. Tubes were flush-mounted in the header with no protrusion. Both for liquid and gas, the best flow distribution was obtained from vertical inlet configuration. Between other two inlet configurations, parallel inlet was better for liquid distribution, and normal inlet was better for gas distribution. In general, the effect of mass flux or quality on flow distribution was not significant. Correlations were developed to predict the fraction of liquid or gas taken off by downstream channel as a function of header liquid Reynolds number at immediate upstream. Header pressure drop was obtained by subtracting appropriate pressure drops from the measured pressure drop. The header pressure drops were mostly negative, which implied that the pressure was recovered in the header. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003428

Effect of a micro-grooved fin surface design on the air-side thermal-hydraulic performance of a plain fin-and-tube heat exchanger / R. Yu in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1078–1089 Titre : Effect of a micro-grooved fin surface design on the air-side thermal-hydraulic performance of a plain fin-and-tube heat exchanger Titre original : Effet de la conception d'une surface à micro-rainures sur la performance thermique et hydraulique côté air d'un échangeur de chaleur à tubes ailetés Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. Yu, Auteur ; A. D. Sommers, Auteur ; N. C. Okamoto, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1078–1089 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Air  conditioning;  Micro-groove;  Condensate;  Heat  transfer  coefficient;  Pressure  drop;  Coating Résumé : In this study, the effectiveness of plain fin-and-tube heat exchangers constructed using anisotropic, micro-patterned aluminum fins has been explored. These fins which can more completely drain the condensate that forms on the heat transfer surface during normal operation were selected with the aim of improving the thermal-hydraulic performance of the heat exchanger. This study presents and critically evaluates the efficacy of four full-scale heat exchangers by measuring and comparing dry/wet air-side pressure drop and dry/wet air-side heat transfer data. The prototype fin surfaces were shown to reduce the wet air-side pressure drop from 9.3% to 53%, while at the same time having a negligible effect on the sensible heat transfer coefficient under both dry and wet conditions. That is to say, this novel fin surface design has shown the ability, through improved condensate management, to enhance the performance of the heat exchanger. Data pertaining to the durability of the alkyl silane coating used in this work are also presented. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003398 [article] Effect of a micro-grooved fin surface design on the air-side thermal-hydraulic performance of a plain fin-and-tube heat exchanger = Effet de la conception d'une surface à micro-rainures sur la performance thermique et hydraulique côté air d'un échangeur de chaleur à tubes ailetés [texte imprimé] / R. Yu, Auteur ; A. D. Sommers, Auteur ; N. C. Okamoto, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1078–1089. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1078–1089 Mots-clés : Air  conditioning;  Micro-groove;  Condensate;  Heat  transfer  coefficient;  Pressure  drop;  Coating Résumé : In this study, the effectiveness of plain fin-and-tube heat exchangers constructed using anisotropic, micro-patterned aluminum fins has been explored. These fins which can more completely drain the condensate that forms on the heat transfer surface during normal operation were selected with the aim of improving the thermal-hydraulic performance of the heat exchanger. This study presents and critically evaluates the efficacy of four full-scale heat exchangers by measuring and comparing dry/wet air-side pressure drop and dry/wet air-side heat transfer data. The prototype fin surfaces were shown to reduce the wet air-side pressure drop from 9.3% to 53%, while at the same time having a negligible effect on the sensible heat transfer coefficient under both dry and wet conditions. That is to say, this novel fin surface design has shown the ability, through improved condensate management, to enhance the performance of the heat exchanger. Data pertaining to the durability of the alkyl silane coating used in this work are also presented. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003398

Condensation heat transfer characteristics of CO2 in a horizontal smooth tube / Piljoo Kang in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1090–1097 Titre : Condensation heat transfer characteristics of CO2 in a horizontal smooth tube Titre original : Caractéristiques de transfert de chaleur du CO2 à l'intérieur d'un tube lisse horizontal Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Piljoo Kang, Auteur ; Jaehyeok Heo, Auteur ; Rin Yun, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1090–1097 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Condensation  heat  transfer;  Carbon  dioxide  (CO2);  Heat  transfer  coefficient;  Pressure  drop;  Low  temperature Résumé : The condensation heat transfer characteristics of CO2 flowing in a horizontal smooth tube were investigated. The tube diameter was 5.15 mm. The condensation temperature ranged from −10 to 5 °C, and the mass flux was from 600 to 1000 kg m−2 s−1. When the temperature changed from 0 to −10 °C, the increase rate of the heat transfer coefficient was from 9.4 to 14.6%, and the pressure drop increased from 6.2 to 52.9%. When the mass flux increased from 600 to 1000 kg m−2 s−1, the heat transfer coefficient increased from 6 to 35%, and the pressure drop increased from 60 to 165%, which were dependent on the condensation temperature. The increases come from the change of vapor velocity and thermophysical properties with condensation temperature. Considering large variation of mass flux from 200 to 1200 kg m−2 s−1 by including the existing studies, the effect of mass flux on condensation heat transfer coefficient was minor. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002617 [article] Condensation heat transfer characteristics of CO2 in a horizontal smooth tube = Caractéristiques de transfert de chaleur du CO2 à l'intérieur d'un tube lisse horizontal [texte imprimé] / Piljoo Kang, Auteur ; Jaehyeok Heo, Auteur ; Rin Yun, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1090–1097. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1090–1097 Mots-clés : Condensation  heat  transfer;  Carbon  dioxide  (CO2);  Heat  transfer  coefficient;  Pressure  drop;  Low  temperature Résumé : The condensation heat transfer characteristics of CO2 flowing in a horizontal smooth tube were investigated. The tube diameter was 5.15 mm. The condensation temperature ranged from −10 to 5 °C, and the mass flux was from 600 to 1000 kg m−2 s−1. When the temperature changed from 0 to −10 °C, the increase rate of the heat transfer coefficient was from 9.4 to 14.6%, and the pressure drop increased from 6.2 to 52.9%. When the mass flux increased from 600 to 1000 kg m−2 s−1, the heat transfer coefficient increased from 6 to 35%, and the pressure drop increased from 60 to 165%, which were dependent on the condensation temperature. The increases come from the change of vapor velocity and thermophysical properties with condensation temperature. Considering large variation of mass flux from 200 to 1200 kg m−2 s−1 by including the existing studies, the effect of mass flux on condensation heat transfer coefficient was minor. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002617

Prediction and measurement of axial flow fan aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance in a split-type air-conditioner outdoor unit / Xifeng Zhao in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1098–1108 Titre : Prediction and measurement of axial flow fan aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance in a split-type air-conditioner outdoor unit Titre original : Prévisions et mesures de la performance aérodynamique et aéroacoustique du ventilateur axial d'un système extérieur de conditionnement d'air de type split Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xifeng Zhao, Auteur ; Jinju Sun, Auteur ; Zhi Zhang, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1098–1108 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Air  conditioner;  Outdoor  unit;  Axial  flow  fan;  Computational  fluid  dynamics;  Computational  aerodynamic  acoustics;  Noise  reduction Résumé : The study has focused on outdoor unit noise reduction by fan geometry modification with the refined numerical and experimental approaches. The outlet louver, electric motor and its support are included to refine the flow and acoustic model and a hybrid method incorporating CFD and CAA is used to predict the noise behavior. The fan performance curve is well-predicted; the moderate acoustic power is obtained on the outlet louver, motor support and motor exhibiting a significant contribution to overall noise behavior. The aeroacoustic test is conducted in an anechoic chamber and the obtained results are compared with the semi-anechoic chamber ones, and the unremarkable differences are produced, which indicate the ground floor being of some influence. Both modified fan geometries are effective to reduce the noise but the flanging outer-edge blade is more effective. The noise directivities of three geometry fans are investigated both numerically and experimentally and the produced asymmetric characteristics are analyzed. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003325 [article] Prediction and measurement of axial flow fan aerodynamic and aeroacoustic performance in a split-type air-conditioner outdoor unit = Prévisions et mesures de la performance aérodynamique et aéroacoustique du ventilateur axial d'un système extérieur de conditionnement d'air de type split [texte imprimé] / Xifeng Zhao, Auteur ; Jinju Sun, Auteur ; Zhi Zhang, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1098–1108. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1098–1108 Mots-clés : Air  conditioner;  Outdoor  unit;  Axial  flow  fan;  Computational  fluid  dynamics;  Computational  aerodynamic  acoustics;  Noise  reduction Résumé : The study has focused on outdoor unit noise reduction by fan geometry modification with the refined numerical and experimental approaches. The outlet louver, electric motor and its support are included to refine the flow and acoustic model and a hybrid method incorporating CFD and CAA is used to predict the noise behavior. The fan performance curve is well-predicted; the moderate acoustic power is obtained on the outlet louver, motor support and motor exhibiting a significant contribution to overall noise behavior. The aeroacoustic test is conducted in an anechoic chamber and the obtained results are compared with the semi-anechoic chamber ones, and the unremarkable differences are produced, which indicate the ground floor being of some influence. Both modified fan geometries are effective to reduce the noise but the flanging outer-edge blade is more effective. The noise directivities of three geometry fans are investigated both numerically and experimentally and the produced asymmetric characteristics are analyzed. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003325

Potential for energy cost savings by utilising alternative temperature control strategies for controlled atmosphere stored apples / A. R. East in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1109–1117 Titre : Potential for energy cost savings by utilising alternative temperature control strategies for controlled atmosphere stored apples Titre original : Economies d'énergie potentielles générées à l'aide de nouvelles stratégies de régulation de la température pour les pommes entreposées sous atmosphère contrôlée Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : A. R. East, Auteur ; N. J. Smale, Auteur ; Francisco J. Trujillo, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1109–1117 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Load  shifting;  Demand  management;  Fruit  physiology;  Malus  domestica Résumé : Optimal storage conditions for apples are usually defined as those that maximise possible storage duration, but could be redefined as those conditions that result in sufficient preservation whilst minimising energy costs. A review of research on controlled atmosphere (CA) storage suggests that temperature changes in CA have less impact on product deterioration than in air. This paper reviews the underpinning observations of fruit physiology in CA and the possible approaches to reducing energy costs through temperature manipulation. Experimental results indicate that minor increases in temperature during CA storage have little influence on apple quality outcomes across a number of apple cultivars. Calculations for applying a 9 h on 15 h off cycle estimated an approximate 40% of electricity cost savings whilst only incurring a 0.5 °C average fruit temperature swing. These results suggest that opportunities for substantial energy cost savings in controlled atmosphere apple stores exist. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002885 [article] Potential for energy cost savings by utilising alternative temperature control strategies for controlled atmosphere stored apples = Economies d'énergie potentielles générées à l'aide de nouvelles stratégies de régulation de la température pour les pommes entreposées sous atmosphère contrôlée [texte imprimé] / A. R. East, Auteur ; N. J. Smale, Auteur ; Francisco J. Trujillo, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1109–1117. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1109–1117 Mots-clés : Load  shifting;  Demand  management;  Fruit  physiology;  Malus  domestica Résumé : Optimal storage conditions for apples are usually defined as those that maximise possible storage duration, but could be redefined as those conditions that result in sufficient preservation whilst minimising energy costs. A review of research on controlled atmosphere (CA) storage suggests that temperature changes in CA have less impact on product deterioration than in air. This paper reviews the underpinning observations of fruit physiology in CA and the possible approaches to reducing energy costs through temperature manipulation. Experimental results indicate that minor increases in temperature during CA storage have little influence on apple quality outcomes across a number of apple cultivars. Calculations for applying a 9 h on 15 h off cycle estimated an approximate 40% of electricity cost savings whilst only incurring a 0.5 °C average fruit temperature swing. These results suggest that opportunities for substantial energy cost savings in controlled atmosphere apple stores exist. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002885

Single temperature sensor superheat control using a novel maximum slope-seeking method / K. Vinther in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1118–1129 Titre : Single temperature sensor superheat control using a novel maximum slope-seeking method Titre original : Régulation de la surchauffe à l'aide d'un capteur de température unique et une méthode innovante de recherche de la pente maximale de la courbe Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : K. Vinther, Auteur ; H. Rasmussen, Auteur ; R. Izadi-Zamanabadi, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1118–1129 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Refrigeration  systems;  Evaporator;  Superheat;  Maximum  slope-seeking;  Harmonics;  Control Résumé : Superheating of refrigerant in the evaporator is an important aspect of safe operation of refrigeration systems. The level of superheat is typically controlled by adjusting the flow of refrigerant using an electronic expansion valve, where the superheat is calculated using measurements from a pressure and a temperature sensor. In this paper we show, through extensive testing, that the superheat or filling of the evaporator can actually be controlled using only a single temperature sensor. This can either reduce commissioning costs by lowering the necessary amount of sensors or add fault tolerance in existing systems if a sensor fails (e.g. pressure sensor). The solution is based on a novel maximum slope-seeking control method, where a perturbation signal is added to the valve opening degree, which gives additional information about the system for control purposes. Furthermore, the method does not require a model of the system and can be tuned automatically. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200326X [article] Single temperature sensor superheat control using a novel maximum slope-seeking method = Régulation de la surchauffe à l'aide d'un capteur de température unique et une méthode innovante de recherche de la pente maximale de la courbe [texte imprimé] / K. Vinther, Auteur ; H. Rasmussen, Auteur ; R. Izadi-Zamanabadi, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1118–1129. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1118–1129 Mots-clés : Refrigeration  systems;  Evaporator;  Superheat;  Maximum  slope-seeking;  Harmonics;  Control Résumé : Superheating of refrigerant in the evaporator is an important aspect of safe operation of refrigeration systems. The level of superheat is typically controlled by adjusting the flow of refrigerant using an electronic expansion valve, where the superheat is calculated using measurements from a pressure and a temperature sensor. In this paper we show, through extensive testing, that the superheat or filling of the evaporator can actually be controlled using only a single temperature sensor. This can either reduce commissioning costs by lowering the necessary amount of sensors or add fault tolerance in existing systems if a sensor fails (e.g. pressure sensor). The solution is based on a novel maximum slope-seeking control method, where a perturbation signal is added to the valve opening degree, which gives additional information about the system for control purposes. Furthermore, the method does not require a model of the system and can be tuned automatically. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200326X

Performance evaluation of a virtual refrigerant charge sensor / Kim, Woohyun in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1130–1141 Titre : Performance evaluation of a virtual refrigerant charge sensor Titre original : Evaluation de la performance d'un capteur de la charge en frigorigène virtuelle Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kim, Woohyun, Auteur ; James E. Braun, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1130–1141 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Air  conditioner;  Refrigerant  charge;  Sensor;  Refrigerant  leakage;  Fault  detection Résumé : The primary goal was to evaluate and enhance a virtual refrigerant charge (VRC) sensor developed by Li and Braun (2006, 2009). Based on the evaluation, the VRC sensor was found to work well in estimating refrigerant charge for systems that do not utilize accumulators when using the default parameters. For systems with accumulators, however, the parameters needed to be improved for better accuracy. To overcome those limitations, a simulation method for estimating parameters was developed that depends on test data at rated conditions and system information. The simulation parameters decreased the errors between the actual and predicted charge. Even better performance was achieved for the VRC sensor when the parameters were tuned by minimizing charge prediction errors using test data and linear regression. The overall RMS error for the VRC sensors using tuned parameters was 3.8% over a wide range of operating conditions for different types of systems. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003039 [article] Performance evaluation of a virtual refrigerant charge sensor = Evaluation de la performance d'un capteur de la charge en frigorigène virtuelle [texte imprimé] / Kim, Woohyun, Auteur ; James E. Braun, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1130–1141. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1130–1141 Mots-clés : Air  conditioner;  Refrigerant  charge;  Sensor;  Refrigerant  leakage;  Fault  detection Résumé : The primary goal was to evaluate and enhance a virtual refrigerant charge (VRC) sensor developed by Li and Braun (2006, 2009). Based on the evaluation, the VRC sensor was found to work well in estimating refrigerant charge for systems that do not utilize accumulators when using the default parameters. For systems with accumulators, however, the parameters needed to be improved for better accuracy. To overcome those limitations, a simulation method for estimating parameters was developed that depends on test data at rated conditions and system information. The simulation parameters decreased the errors between the actual and predicted charge. Even better performance was achieved for the VRC sensor when the parameters were tuned by minimizing charge prediction errors using test data and linear regression. The overall RMS error for the VRC sensors using tuned parameters was 3.8% over a wide range of operating conditions for different types of systems. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003039

Efficiency assessment of key psychometric processes / T. A. H. Ratlamwala in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1142–1153 Titre : Efficiency assessment of key psychometric processes Titre original : Evaluation de l'efficacité des procédés psychométriques clés Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. A. H. Ratlamwala, Auteur ; I. Dincer, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1142–1153 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Psychometric  processes;  Energy;  Exergy;  Efficiency;  Heating;  Cooling Résumé : The study focuses on defining energy and exergy efficiencies based on three different types of approaches. For each of five key psychometric processes, such as heating or cooling, heating with humidification, cooling with dehumidification, evaporative cooling, and adiabatic mixing, parametric studies are carried out. Two efficiencies are newly proposed here in this study, and the third efficiency is taken from the literature for comparison purposes. The results show that for heating process exergy efficiency varies from 0.012 to 0.48 with rise in ambient temperature. Increasing ambient temperature results in variation of exergy efficiency from 0.014 to 0.29 for heating with humidification process. For cooling with dehumidification process exergy efficiency varies from 0.002 to 0.73 with rise in ambient temperature. The exergetic efficiency of evaporative cooling process varies from 0.64 to 0.03 with an increase in ambient temperature. For adiabatic mixing process, exergy efficiency varies from 0.65 to 0.94 with rise in ambient temperature. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002988 [article] Efficiency assessment of key psychometric processes = Evaluation de l'efficacité des procédés psychométriques clés [texte imprimé] / T. A. H. Ratlamwala, Auteur ; I. Dincer, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1142–1153. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1142–1153 Mots-clés : Psychometric  processes;  Energy;  Exergy;  Efficiency;  Heating;  Cooling Résumé : The study focuses on defining energy and exergy efficiencies based on three different types of approaches. For each of five key psychometric processes, such as heating or cooling, heating with humidification, cooling with dehumidification, evaporative cooling, and adiabatic mixing, parametric studies are carried out. Two efficiencies are newly proposed here in this study, and the third efficiency is taken from the literature for comparison purposes. The results show that for heating process exergy efficiency varies from 0.012 to 0.48 with rise in ambient temperature. Increasing ambient temperature results in variation of exergy efficiency from 0.014 to 0.29 for heating with humidification process. For cooling with dehumidification process exergy efficiency varies from 0.002 to 0.73 with rise in ambient temperature. The exergetic efficiency of evaporative cooling process varies from 0.64 to 0.03 with an increase in ambient temperature. For adiabatic mixing process, exergy efficiency varies from 0.65 to 0.94 with rise in ambient temperature. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712002988

Energy and exergy analysis applied to the evaporative cooling process in air washers / J.C. Santos in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1154–1161 Titre : Energy and exergy analysis applied to the evaporative cooling process in air washers Titre original : Analyse énergétique et exergétique appliquée au procédé de refroidissement évaporatif dans les laveurs d'air Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : J.C. Santos, Auteur ; G. D. T. Barros, Auteur ; J. M. Gurgel, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1154–1161 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Evaporative  cooling;  Air  washer;  Saturation  effectiveness;  Second  law Résumé : This paper presents a study on the performance of the evaporative cooling process in air washers with the use of mass balances, energy and exergy equations. Usually, the performance of these devices is described in terms of their saturation effectiveness based on energy analysis. This method, however, is inappropriate to identify the main sources of irreversibility within the process. It is also unsuitable to give the optimum conditions for operating the system with a proper use of energy resources. Thus, an exergy analysis was developed to complement the energy analysis of the process. A mathematical model based on mass and energy balances was used to determine the water and air properties in the washer. The influence of the humidity and temperature of the air and water at the inlet, the washer length in the saturation effectiveness, and the second law efficiency was investigated. The results showed that the best condition of the intake air for obtaining thermal comfort does not coincide with the best condition for the thermodynamic performance of the system. The energy and exergy analyses were carried out simultaneously to generate the conditions required for optimum performance with minimal exergy depletion. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003556 [article] Energy and exergy analysis applied to the evaporative cooling process in air washers = Analyse énergétique et exergétique appliquée au procédé de refroidissement évaporatif dans les laveurs d'air [texte imprimé] / J.C. Santos, Auteur ; G. D. T. Barros, Auteur ; J. M. Gurgel, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1154–1161. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1154–1161 Mots-clés : Evaporative  cooling;  Air  washer;  Saturation  effectiveness;  Second  law Résumé : This paper presents a study on the performance of the evaporative cooling process in air washers with the use of mass balances, energy and exergy equations. Usually, the performance of these devices is described in terms of their saturation effectiveness based on energy analysis. This method, however, is inappropriate to identify the main sources of irreversibility within the process. It is also unsuitable to give the optimum conditions for operating the system with a proper use of energy resources. Thus, an exergy analysis was developed to complement the energy analysis of the process. A mathematical model based on mass and energy balances was used to determine the water and air properties in the washer. The influence of the humidity and temperature of the air and water at the inlet, the washer length in the saturation effectiveness, and the second law efficiency was investigated. The results showed that the best condition of the intake air for obtaining thermal comfort does not coincide with the best condition for the thermodynamic performance of the system. The energy and exergy analyses were carried out simultaneously to generate the conditions required for optimum performance with minimal exergy depletion. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003556

Development of an optimization strategy for insulation thickness of a domestic refrigerator-freezer / Won Jae Yoon in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1162–1172 Titre : Development of an optimization strategy for insulation thickness of a domestic refrigerator-freezer Titre original : Développement d'une stratégie d'optimisation de l'épaisseur de l'isolation à l'intérieur d'un réfrigérateur / congélateur domestique Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Won Jae Yoon, Auteur ; Kookjeong Seo, Auteur ; Yongchan Kim, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1162–1172 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Insulation;  Efficiency;  Performance;  Optimization;  Household  refrigerator Résumé : The optimization of insulation thickness is very important to increase the performance of domestic refrigerator-freezers (RFs) because of its strong dependency on the heat load through polyurethane-insulated compartments. However, it is very difficult to find the optimum insulation thickness to allow minimum energy consumption at the arbitrarily given COP and internal volume of each compartment. In this study, the optimization process for the insulation thickness was proposed to improve the energy efficiency of a total RF system. This process included the quantitative relationships between the COP and the insulation thickness of each compartment. In addition, the effects of the proposed optimization strategy on the performance of RF were investigated in the bypass two-circuit cycle and the dual-loop cycle. As a result, the energy consumptions of the bypass two-circuit cycle and the dual-loop cycle were reduced by 5.7% and 6.1%, respectively, by applying the proposed optimization strategy. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200312X [article] Development of an optimization strategy for insulation thickness of a domestic refrigerator-freezer = Développement d'une stratégie d'optimisation de l'épaisseur de l'isolation à l'intérieur d'un réfrigérateur / congélateur domestique [texte imprimé] / Won Jae Yoon, Auteur ; Kookjeong Seo, Auteur ; Yongchan Kim, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1162–1172. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1162–1172 Mots-clés : Insulation;  Efficiency;  Performance;  Optimization;  Household  refrigerator Résumé : The optimization of insulation thickness is very important to increase the performance of domestic refrigerator-freezers (RFs) because of its strong dependency on the heat load through polyurethane-insulated compartments. However, it is very difficult to find the optimum insulation thickness to allow minimum energy consumption at the arbitrarily given COP and internal volume of each compartment. In this study, the optimization process for the insulation thickness was proposed to improve the energy efficiency of a total RF system. This process included the quantitative relationships between the COP and the insulation thickness of each compartment. In addition, the effects of the proposed optimization strategy on the performance of RF were investigated in the bypass two-circuit cycle and the dual-loop cycle. As a result, the energy consumptions of the bypass two-circuit cycle and the dual-loop cycle were reduced by 5.7% and 6.1%, respectively, by applying the proposed optimization strategy. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014070071200312X

Influence of hydrocooling on browning and quality of litchi cultivar Feizixiao during storage / Yu Shen Liang in International journal of refrigeration, Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1173–1179 Titre : Influence of hydrocooling on browning and quality of litchi cultivar Feizixiao during storage Titre original : Influence de la réfrigération par eau glacée sur le brunissement et la qualité des litchis du cultivar Feizixiao Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yu Shen Liang, Auteur ; Orathai Wongmetha, Auteur ; Peih Suan Wu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 1173–1179 Note générale : Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Litchi;  Malondialdehyde;  Secondary  metabolism;  Oxidative  enzymes;  Quinone Résumé : High ambient temperatures during harvest cause litchi to accumulate heat in the field, which accelerates browning and shortens the sales life of the product. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of hydrocooling at 1, 2, 4, and 6 h post-harvest on the storage life and quality of the litchi cultivar, Feizixiao, by comparing litchi with and without hydrocooling treatment. The observed parameters included variations in temperature during hydrocooling, biochemical properties of the pericarp, and fluctuations in the content of soluble solids and titratable acids in the aril during storage. Hydrocooling for 30 min reduced the temperature of the pericarp by 6.2 ± 0.3 °C. It also delayed the increase in electrolyte leakage and polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in the pericarp. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of hydrocooling treatment with a minimum delay after harvest to suppress decay and prolong the storage life of litchi fruit. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003064 [article] Influence of hydrocooling on browning and quality of litchi cultivar Feizixiao during storage = Influence de la réfrigération par eau glacée sur le brunissement et la qualité des litchis du cultivar Feizixiao [texte imprimé] / Yu Shen Liang, Auteur ; Orathai Wongmetha, Auteur ; Peih Suan Wu, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 1173–1179. Refrigeration Langues : Anglais (eng) in International journal of refrigeration > Vol. 36 N° 3 (Mai 2013) . - pp. 1173–1179 Mots-clés : Litchi;  Malondialdehyde;  Secondary  metabolism;  Oxidative  enzymes;  Quinone Résumé : High ambient temperatures during harvest cause litchi to accumulate heat in the field, which accelerates browning and shortens the sales life of the product. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of hydrocooling at 1, 2, 4, and 6 h post-harvest on the storage life and quality of the litchi cultivar, Feizixiao, by comparing litchi with and without hydrocooling treatment. The observed parameters included variations in temperature during hydrocooling, biochemical properties of the pericarp, and fluctuations in the content of soluble solids and titratable acids in the aril during storage. Hydrocooling for 30 min reduced the temperature of the pericarp by 6.2 ± 0.3 °C. It also delayed the increase in electrolyte leakage and polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity in the pericarp. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of hydrocooling treatment with a minimum delay after harvest to suppress decay and prolong the storage life of litchi fruit. En ligne : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700712003064

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