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Biomechanical inferences about the origins of bipedal locomotion from ancient african femora / Adam J. Kuperavage in Journal of engineering mechanics, Vol. 135 N° 5 (Mai 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of engineering mechanics > Vol. 135 N° 5 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 479-484 Titre : Biomechanical inferences about the origins of bipedal locomotion from ancient african femora Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Adam J. Kuperavage, Auteur ; Robert B. Eckhardt, Auteur Article en page(s) : pp. 479-484 Note générale : Mécanique appliquée Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Biological  properties  Human  factors  Bending  Compression  Torsion  Mechanical  properties. Résumé : Reported here are the diaphyseal cross-sectional geometrical properties of two fossilized femora from Kenya dated at 6 Ma (million years ago), designated as the taxon Orrorin tugenensis. These femora are sampled at a temporal level near the divergence of ape and human lineages. The geometric properties of the bones are compared with previous findings from SK 82 and SK 97, hominid fossils from 2 million years later, and a sample of extant humans from Pecos Pueblo, N. M. The Orrorin femoral specimens BAR 1002'00 and BAR 1003'00 are notably robust, exhibiting cross-sectional areas with relatively high percentages of cortical bone in comparison to a contemporary sample. Total cross-sectional area is markedly smaller for BAR 1002'00 and BAR 1003'00 than for either of the Swartkrans early hominid proximal femora or the Pecos Pueblo sample, but %CA of the two Kenyan fossil femurs are comparable to those from Swartkrans and one third higher than the modern sample. Despite their relatively thicker cortical areas BAR 1002'00 and BAR 1003'00 do not exhibit higher bending resistance (Imax and Imin) or torsional rigidity (J) in compared to a modern human sample. These findings extend our knowledge of internal femoral structure related to the origins of human locomotion. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0733-9399 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JENMDT000 [...] [article] Biomechanical inferences about the origins of bipedal locomotion from ancient african femora [texte imprimé] / Adam J. Kuperavage, Auteur ; Robert B. Eckhardt, Auteur . - pp. 479-484. Mécanique appliquée Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of engineering mechanics > Vol. 135 N° 5 (Mai 2009) . - pp. 479-484 Mots-clés : Biological  properties  Human  factors  Bending  Compression  Torsion  Mechanical  properties. Résumé : Reported here are the diaphyseal cross-sectional geometrical properties of two fossilized femora from Kenya dated at 6 Ma (million years ago), designated as the taxon Orrorin tugenensis. These femora are sampled at a temporal level near the divergence of ape and human lineages. The geometric properties of the bones are compared with previous findings from SK 82 and SK 97, hominid fossils from 2 million years later, and a sample of extant humans from Pecos Pueblo, N. M. The Orrorin femoral specimens BAR 1002'00 and BAR 1003'00 are notably robust, exhibiting cross-sectional areas with relatively high percentages of cortical bone in comparison to a contemporary sample. Total cross-sectional area is markedly smaller for BAR 1002'00 and BAR 1003'00 than for either of the Swartkrans early hominid proximal femora or the Pecos Pueblo sample, but %CA of the two Kenyan fossil femurs are comparable to those from Swartkrans and one third higher than the modern sample. Despite their relatively thicker cortical areas BAR 1002'00 and BAR 1003'00 do not exhibit higher bending resistance (Imax and Imin) or torsional rigidity (J) in compared to a modern human sample. These findings extend our knowledge of internal femoral structure related to the origins of human locomotion. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0733-9399 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JENMDT000 [...]