Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur

Collapse testing and analysis of a light-frame wood garage wall / John W. Van De Lindt in Journal of structural engineering, Vol. 138 N° 4 (Avril 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 138 N° 4 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 492–501 Titre : Collapse testing and analysis of a light-frame wood garage wall Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur ; Shiling Pei, Auteur ; Weichiang Pang, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 492–501 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Light-frame  wood  Woodframe  Seismic  Shake  table  Numerical  modeling  Collapse  Numerical  model  Co-rotational  formulation Résumé : Light-frame wood (woodframe) buildings have been tested at full-scale sparingly around the world, primarily due to the cost associated with such testing and a general lack of facilities large enough to test at system level. The data from the tests that have been performed are used to help develop nonlinear time history analysis models that can predict the behavior of woodframe buildings during strong ground shaking. It is difficult to test buildings to the point of collapse because such tests can damage costly test equipment, i.e., the shake table. This paper presents the results of a dynamic collapse test on a light-frame wood garage wall and the results of a numerical model to simulate the wall behavior all the way to the collapse point. The tested wall was heavily damaged as a result of subjecting it to a ground motion recorded during the 1995 Kobe earthquake. Then, 85% of a near-fault ground motion recording from the Northridge earthquake was used, which immediately collapsed the test specimen. A specialized wood shear wall analysis program, formulated using a corotational formulation and large deformation theory, was utilized to model the garage wall. The numerical model provided a good prediction (predicted the peak wall displacements to within 15% of the measured values), but as a direct result of the observed failure mechanism of the wall, it was determined that additional contact elements were needed in the model. Failure was observed at the sill plate of the garage wall returns and also in the sheathing due to a moment failure where the header connected to the wall returns. Finally, it was observed that variability in the stiffness of the hold-down connections has a significant influence on the uplift predictions. ISSN : 0733-9445 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29ST.1943-541X.0000472 [article] Collapse testing and analysis of a light-frame wood garage wall [texte imprimé] / John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur ; Shiling Pei, Auteur ; Weichiang Pang, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 492–501. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 138 N° 4 (Avril 2012) . - pp. 492–501 Mots-clés : Light-frame  wood  Woodframe  Seismic  Shake  table  Numerical  modeling  Collapse  Numerical  model  Co-rotational  formulation Résumé : Light-frame wood (woodframe) buildings have been tested at full-scale sparingly around the world, primarily due to the cost associated with such testing and a general lack of facilities large enough to test at system level. The data from the tests that have been performed are used to help develop nonlinear time history analysis models that can predict the behavior of woodframe buildings during strong ground shaking. It is difficult to test buildings to the point of collapse because such tests can damage costly test equipment, i.e., the shake table. This paper presents the results of a dynamic collapse test on a light-frame wood garage wall and the results of a numerical model to simulate the wall behavior all the way to the collapse point. The tested wall was heavily damaged as a result of subjecting it to a ground motion recorded during the 1995 Kobe earthquake. Then, 85% of a near-fault ground motion recording from the Northridge earthquake was used, which immediately collapsed the test specimen. A specialized wood shear wall analysis program, formulated using a corotational formulation and large deformation theory, was utilized to model the garage wall. The numerical model provided a good prediction (predicted the peak wall displacements to within 15% of the measured values), but as a direct result of the observed failure mechanism of the wall, it was determined that additional contact elements were needed in the model. Failure was observed at the sill plate of the garage wall returns and also in the sheathing due to a moment failure where the header connected to the wall returns. Finally, it was observed that variability in the stiffness of the hold-down connections has a significant influence on the uplift predictions. ISSN : 0733-9445 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29ST.1943-541X.0000472

Dual-objective-based tornado design philosophy / John W. Van De Lindt in Journal of structural engineering, Vol. 139 N° 2 (Février 2013) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 139 N° 2 (Février 2013) . - pp. 251–263 Titre : Dual-objective-based tornado design philosophy Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur ; Shiling Pei, Auteur ; Thang Dao, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 251–263 Note générale : structural engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : tornadoes;  residential  buildings;  natural  disasters;  structural  design Résumé : Tornadoes represent a unique natural hazard because of the very low probability of occurrence, short warning times (on the order of only a few minutes), and the intense and destructive forces imposed on engineered and nonengineered buildings. The very low-probability/very high-consequence nature of a tornado strike makes designing for survival and reducing damage under typical financial constraints a substantial challenge. On April 27, 2011, an enhanced Fujita (EF) 4 (EF4) tornado devastated an almost 10-km (5.9-mi) long, 0.8-km-wide (1/2-mi-wide) path, through the city of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and continued on the ground for 130 km (80 mi). This paper presents the design concept that resulted following a week-long data reconnaissance deployment throughout the city of Tuscaloosa by the authors. The dual-objective philosophy proposed herein is intended to focus on both building damage and loss reduction in low-to-moderate tornado wind speeds and building occupant life safety in more damaging wind-speed events such as EF4 and EF5 tornadoes. The philosophy articulates a design methodology that is the basis upon which structural engineering was formed—namely, provide life safety and control damage—but the new philosophy is focused at separate tornado intensity levels. En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29ST.1943-541X.0000622 [article] Dual-objective-based tornado design philosophy [texte imprimé] / John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur ; Shiling Pei, Auteur ; Thang Dao, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 251–263. structural engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 139 N° 2 (Février 2013) . - pp. 251–263 Mots-clés : tornadoes;  residential  buildings;  natural  disasters;  structural  design Résumé : Tornadoes represent a unique natural hazard because of the very low probability of occurrence, short warning times (on the order of only a few minutes), and the intense and destructive forces imposed on engineered and nonengineered buildings. The very low-probability/very high-consequence nature of a tornado strike makes designing for survival and reducing damage under typical financial constraints a substantial challenge. On April 27, 2011, an enhanced Fujita (EF) 4 (EF4) tornado devastated an almost 10-km (5.9-mi) long, 0.8-km-wide (1/2-mi-wide) path, through the city of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and continued on the ground for 130 km (80 mi). This paper presents the design concept that resulted following a week-long data reconnaissance deployment throughout the city of Tuscaloosa by the authors. The dual-objective philosophy proposed herein is intended to focus on both building damage and loss reduction in low-to-moderate tornado wind speeds and building occupant life safety in more damaging wind-speed events such as EF4 and EF5 tornadoes. The philosophy articulates a design methodology that is the basis upon which structural engineering was formed—namely, provide life safety and control damage—but the new philosophy is focused at separate tornado intensity levels. En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29ST.1943-541X.0000622

Experimental seismic response of a full-scale six-story light-frame wood building / John W. Van De Lindt in Journal of structural engineering, Vol. 136 N° 10 (Octobre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 136 N° 10 (Octobre 2010) . - pp. 1262-1272 Titre : Experimental seismic response of a full-scale six-story light-frame wood building Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur ; Shiling Pei, Auteur ; Steven E. Pryor, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 1262-1272 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Shake  table  testing  Seismic  tests  Earthquake  Woodframe  Light-frame  wood  Midrise  building Index. décimale : 624 Constructions du génie civil et du bâtiment. Infrastructures. Ouvrages en terres. Fondations. Tunnels. Ponts et charpentes Résumé : In July 2009, a full-scale midrise light-frame wood apartment building was subjected to a series of earthquakes at the world’s largest shake table in Miki, Japan. This article focuses on the test results of that full-scale six-story light-frame wood building. The objectives of the testing program were to (1) demonstrate that the performance-based seismic design procedure developed as part of the NEESWood project worked on the full-scale building, i.e., validate the design philosophy to the extent one test can and (2) gain a better understanding of how midrise light-frame wood buildings respond, in general, to a major earthquake while providing a landmark data set to the seismic engineering research community. The building consisted of 1,350 m2 (14,000 ft2) of living space and had 23 apartment units; approximately one-half one-bedroom units and one-half two-bedroom units. The building was subjected to three earthquakes ranging from seismic intensities corresponding to the 72-year event to the 2,500-year event for Los Angeles. In this paper, the construction of the NEESWood Capstone Building is explained and the resulting seismic response in terms of base shears, selected wall drifts, global interstory drifts, accelerations, hold-down forces, and roof drifts are presented. Detailed damage inspection was performed following each test and those results are summarized also. The building performed excellently with little damage even following the 2,500-year earthquake. The global drift at roof level was approximately 0.25 m and maximum interstory drifts were approximately 2% for the floor average with individual wall drifts reaching just over 3% in one corner of the building at the fifth story. DEWEY : 624.17 ISSN : 0733-9445 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/sto/resource/1/jsendh/v136/i10/p1262_s1?isAuthorized=no [article] Experimental seismic response of a full-scale six-story light-frame wood building [texte imprimé] / John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur ; Shiling Pei, Auteur ; Steven E. Pryor, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 1262-1272. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 136 N° 10 (Octobre 2010) . - pp. 1262-1272 Mots-clés : Shake  table  testing  Seismic  tests  Earthquake  Woodframe  Light-frame  wood  Midrise  building Index. décimale : 624 Constructions du génie civil et du bâtiment. Infrastructures. Ouvrages en terres. Fondations. Tunnels. Ponts et charpentes Résumé : In July 2009, a full-scale midrise light-frame wood apartment building was subjected to a series of earthquakes at the world’s largest shake table in Miki, Japan. This article focuses on the test results of that full-scale six-story light-frame wood building. The objectives of the testing program were to (1) demonstrate that the performance-based seismic design procedure developed as part of the NEESWood project worked on the full-scale building, i.e., validate the design philosophy to the extent one test can and (2) gain a better understanding of how midrise light-frame wood buildings respond, in general, to a major earthquake while providing a landmark data set to the seismic engineering research community. The building consisted of 1,350 m2 (14,000 ft2) of living space and had 23 apartment units; approximately one-half one-bedroom units and one-half two-bedroom units. The building was subjected to three earthquakes ranging from seismic intensities corresponding to the 72-year event to the 2,500-year event for Los Angeles. In this paper, the construction of the NEESWood Capstone Building is explained and the resulting seismic response in terms of base shears, selected wall drifts, global interstory drifts, accelerations, hold-down forces, and roof drifts are presented. Detailed damage inspection was performed following each test and those results are summarized also. The building performed excellently with little damage even following the 2,500-year earthquake. The global drift at roof level was approximately 0.25 m and maximum interstory drifts were approximately 2% for the floor average with individual wall drifts reaching just over 3% in one corner of the building at the fifth story. DEWEY : 624.17 ISSN : 0733-9445 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/sto/resource/1/jsendh/v136/i10/p1262_s1?isAuthorized=no

Methodology for wind-driven rainwater intrusion fragilities for light-frame wood roof systems / Thang N. Dao in Journal of structural engineering, Vol. 136 N° 6 (Juin 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 136 N° 6 (Juin 2010) . - pp. 700-706 Titre : Methodology for wind-driven rainwater intrusion fragilities for light-frame wood roof systems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Thang N. Dao, Auteur ; John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 700-706 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Rainwater  intrusion  Light-frame  wood  Hurricane  Wind  Computational  fluid  dynamics Index. décimale : 624 Constructions du génie civil et du bâtiment. Infrastructures. Ouvrages en terres. Fondations. Tunnels. Ponts et charpentes Résumé : Light-frame wood buildings represent most of residential structures throughout the United States. Approximately half of the U.S. population lives within 50 miles of the coast with many of those dwellings in the Gulf Coast region or along the eastern seaboard, both of which can be negatively impacted by hurricanes. The majority of damage during a hurricane is the result of wind-driven rainwater entering a building through openings caused by strong wind. To date, wind fragility approaches to examine the probability of damage to a light-frame wood building have focused only on component or subassembly strength, thereby providing information up to the point of first failure of the building envelope. These previous analyses, while valuable, will not allow hurricane engineering research to progress to fully mechanistic loss modeling, which is needed to mitigate losses caused by these events. In this paper a methodology to develop fragility curves and fragility surfaces for the volume of rainwater intrusion is summarized and demonstrated on an example structure. To do this, nonlinear structural analysis, computational fluid dynamics, and reliability theory are combined with particle dynamics for rainwater trajectory modeling, essentially providing the first fragilities of their kind and going beyond first failure of the building envelope. It should be emphasized that it is the methodology that is the focus and some level of calibration is still necessary. DEWEY : 624.17 ISSN : 0733-9445 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/sto/resource/1/jsendh/v136/i6/p700_s1?isAuthorized=no [article] Methodology for wind-driven rainwater intrusion fragilities for light-frame wood roof systems [texte imprimé] / Thang N. Dao, Auteur ; John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 700-706. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 136 N° 6 (Juin 2010) . - pp. 700-706 Mots-clés : Rainwater  intrusion  Light-frame  wood  Hurricane  Wind  Computational  fluid  dynamics Index. décimale : 624 Constructions du génie civil et du bâtiment. Infrastructures. Ouvrages en terres. Fondations. Tunnels. Ponts et charpentes Résumé : Light-frame wood buildings represent most of residential structures throughout the United States. Approximately half of the U.S. population lives within 50 miles of the coast with many of those dwellings in the Gulf Coast region or along the eastern seaboard, both of which can be negatively impacted by hurricanes. The majority of damage during a hurricane is the result of wind-driven rainwater entering a building through openings caused by strong wind. To date, wind fragility approaches to examine the probability of damage to a light-frame wood building have focused only on component or subassembly strength, thereby providing information up to the point of first failure of the building envelope. These previous analyses, while valuable, will not allow hurricane engineering research to progress to fully mechanistic loss modeling, which is needed to mitigate losses caused by these events. In this paper a methodology to develop fragility curves and fragility surfaces for the volume of rainwater intrusion is summarized and demonstrated on an example structure. To do this, nonlinear structural analysis, computational fluid dynamics, and reliability theory are combined with particle dynamics for rainwater trajectory modeling, essentially providing the first fragilities of their kind and going beyond first failure of the building envelope. It should be emphasized that it is the methodology that is the focus and some level of calibration is still necessary. DEWEY : 624.17 ISSN : 0733-9445 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/sto/resource/1/jsendh/v136/i6/p700_s1?isAuthorized=no

Three-dimensional seismic response of a full-scale light-frame wood building / John W. Van De Lindt in Journal of structural engineering, Vol. 136 N° 1 (Janvier 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 136 N° 1 (Janvier 2010) . - pp. 56-65 Titre : Three-dimensional seismic response of a full-scale light-frame wood building : numerical study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur ; Shiling Pei, Auteur ; Hongyan Liu, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 56-65 Note générale : Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Seismic  analysis  Numerical  model  Time  history  Earthquakes  Wood  structures Index. décimale : 624 Constructions du génie civil et du bâtiment. Infrastructures. Ouvrages en terres. Fondations. Tunnels. Ponts et charpentes Résumé : The experimental seismic responses of a full-scale two-story light-frame wood townhouse building, designed to modern U.S. engineered seismic design requirements, were compared against the predictions of a new software package entitled seismic analysis package for woodframe structures (SAPWood) developed recently within the NEESWood Project. The main objective of this paper was to verify the accuracy of the predictions from the SAPWood model, which incorporates shear deformations of shear walls as well as cumulative floor displacements caused by the out-of-plane rotations of the floor and ceiling diaphragms. A comparison was conducted on interstory drifts and shear wall deformations for various structural configurations (construction phases) of the test building and excitation levels. Good agreement was found between the numerical predictions and test results for the four different construction phases. The SAPWood model was shown to be a promising numerical tool for predicting the seismic response of light-frame wood structures. DEWEY : 624.17 ISSN : 0733-9445 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/sto/resource/1/jsendh/v136/i1/p56_s1?isAuthorized=no [article] Three-dimensional seismic response of a full-scale light-frame wood building : numerical study [texte imprimé] / John W. Van De Lindt, Auteur ; Shiling Pei, Auteur ; Hongyan Liu, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 56-65. Génie Civil Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of structural engineering > Vol. 136 N° 1 (Janvier 2010) . - pp. 56-65 Mots-clés : Seismic  analysis  Numerical  model  Time  history  Earthquakes  Wood  structures Index. décimale : 624 Constructions du génie civil et du bâtiment. Infrastructures. Ouvrages en terres. Fondations. Tunnels. Ponts et charpentes Résumé : The experimental seismic responses of a full-scale two-story light-frame wood townhouse building, designed to modern U.S. engineered seismic design requirements, were compared against the predictions of a new software package entitled seismic analysis package for woodframe structures (SAPWood) developed recently within the NEESWood Project. The main objective of this paper was to verify the accuracy of the predictions from the SAPWood model, which incorporates shear deformations of shear walls as well as cumulative floor displacements caused by the out-of-plane rotations of the floor and ceiling diaphragms. A comparison was conducted on interstory drifts and shear wall deformations for various structural configurations (construction phases) of the test building and excitation levels. Good agreement was found between the numerical predictions and test results for the four different construction phases. The SAPWood model was shown to be a promising numerical tool for predicting the seismic response of light-frame wood structures. DEWEY : 624.17 ISSN : 0733-9445 En ligne : http://ascelibrary.org/sto/resource/1/jsendh/v136/i1/p56_s1?isAuthorized=no