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Mean value modeling and analysis of HCCI diesel engines with external mixture formation / Canova, Marcello in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control, Vol. 131 N°1 (Janvier/Février 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control > Vol. 131 N°1 (Janvier/Février 2009) . - 14 p. Titre : Mean value modeling and analysis of HCCI diesel engines with external mixture formation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Canova, Marcello, Auteur ; Midlam-Mohler, Shawn, Auteur ; Yann Guezennec, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : 14 p. Note générale : dynamic systems Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : pressure;  flow  (dynamics);  temperature;  combustion;  fuels;  engines;  stress;  cylinders;  diesel  engines;  exhaust  systems;  mixtures;  exhaust  gas  recirculation;  homogeneous  charge  compression  ignition  engines Résumé : Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a promising concept for internal combustion engines that can considerably decrease NOx and soot emissions in part-load operations without penalizing fuel consumption. The HCCI combustion can be implemented in direct injection diesel engines without major modifications by introducing a specialized fuel injector in the intake port. This decouples the homogeneous mixture formation from the traditional in-cylinder injection, thus providing two fueling systems that can be used to optimize exhaust emissions and fuel consumption over the engine operating range. However, understanding and controlling the complex mechanisms and interactions driving the HCCI combustion process is still a difficult task. For this reason, it is essential to identify the most important control parameters and understand their influence on the auto-ignition process. The current work analyzes HCCI combustion with external mixture formation through experimental investigation and the definition of a control-oriented model. An extensive testing activity was performed on a passenger car diesel engine equipped with an external fuel atomizer to operate in HCCI mode. This provided an understanding of the process as well as experimental data to identify a mean value model of the system and its parameters. The model includes a thermodynamic combustion calculation that estimates the heat release, cylinder pressure, and the relevant variables for combustion control. The tool developed was then validated and used for analyzing the system behavior in steady state conditions. Finally, a description of the HCCI system behavior in transient operations is presented. DEWEY : 629.8 ISSN : 0022-0434 En ligne : http://dynamicsystems.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/issue.aspx?journalid=117&is [...] [article] Mean value modeling and analysis of HCCI diesel engines with external mixture formation [texte imprimé] / Canova, Marcello, Auteur ; Midlam-Mohler, Shawn, Auteur ; Yann Guezennec, Auteur . - 2009 . - 14 p. dynamic systems Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control > Vol. 131 N°1 (Janvier/Février 2009) . - 14 p. Mots-clés : pressure;  flow  (dynamics);  temperature;  combustion;  fuels;  engines;  stress;  cylinders;  diesel  engines;  exhaust  systems;  mixtures;  exhaust  gas  recirculation;  homogeneous  charge  compression  ignition  engines Résumé : Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is a promising concept for internal combustion engines that can considerably decrease NOx and soot emissions in part-load operations without penalizing fuel consumption. The HCCI combustion can be implemented in direct injection diesel engines without major modifications by introducing a specialized fuel injector in the intake port. This decouples the homogeneous mixture formation from the traditional in-cylinder injection, thus providing two fueling systems that can be used to optimize exhaust emissions and fuel consumption over the engine operating range. However, understanding and controlling the complex mechanisms and interactions driving the HCCI combustion process is still a difficult task. For this reason, it is essential to identify the most important control parameters and understand their influence on the auto-ignition process. The current work analyzes HCCI combustion with external mixture formation through experimental investigation and the definition of a control-oriented model. An extensive testing activity was performed on a passenger car diesel engine equipped with an external fuel atomizer to operate in HCCI mode. This provided an understanding of the process as well as experimental data to identify a mean value model of the system and its parameters. The model includes a thermodynamic combustion calculation that estimates the heat release, cylinder pressure, and the relevant variables for combustion control. The tool developed was then validated and used for analyzing the system behavior in steady state conditions. Finally, a description of the HCCI system behavior in transient operations is presented. DEWEY : 629.8 ISSN : 0022-0434 En ligne : http://dynamicsystems.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/issue.aspx?journalid=117&is [...]

A model-based methodology for real-time estimation of diesel engine cylinder pressure / Ahmed Al Durra in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control, Vol. 133 N° 3 (Mai 2011) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control > Vol. 133 N° 3 (Mai 2011) . - 09 p. Titre : A model-based methodology for real-time estimation of diesel engine cylinder pressure Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ahmed Al Durra, Auteur ; Canova, Marcello, Auteur ; Yurkovich, Stephen, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : 09 p. Note générale : Systèmes dynamiques Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Closed  loop  systems  Combustion  Diesel  engines  Kalman  filters  Least  squares  approximations  Pressure  sensors  Recursive  estimation Index. décimale : 629.8 Résumé : Cylinder pressure is one of the most important parameters characterizing the combustion process in an internal combustion engine. The recent developments in engine control technologies suggest the use of cylinder pressure as a feedback signal for closed-loop combustion control. However, the sensors measuring in-cylinder pressure are typically subject to noise and offset issues, requiring signal processing methods to be applied to obtain a sufficiently accurate pressure trace. The signal conditioning implies a considerable computational burden, which ultimately limits the use of cylinder pressure sensing to laboratory testing, where the signal can be processed off-line. In order to enable closed-loop combustion control through cylinder pressure feedback, a real-time algorithm that extracts the pressure signal from the in-cylinder sensor is proposed in this study. The algorithm is based on a crank-angle based engine combustion of that predicts the in-cylinder pressure from the definition of a burn rate function. The model is then adapted to model-based estimation by applying an extended Kalman filter in conjunction with a recursive least-squares estimation scheme. The estimator is tested on a high-fidelity diesel engine simulator as well as on experimental data obtained at various operating conditions. The results obtained show the effectiveness of the estimator in reconstructing the cylinder pressure on a crank-angle basis and in rejecting measurement noise and modeling errors. Furthermore, a comparative study with a conventional signal processing method shows the advantage of using the derived estimator, especially in the presence of high signal noise (as frequently happens with low-cost sensors). DEWEY : 629.8 ISSN : 0022-0434 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JDSMAA00013300 [...] [article] A model-based methodology for real-time estimation of diesel engine cylinder pressure [texte imprimé] / Ahmed Al Durra, Auteur ; Canova, Marcello, Auteur ; Yurkovich, Stephen, Auteur . - 2011 . - 09 p. Systèmes dynamiques Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control > Vol. 133 N° 3 (Mai 2011) . - 09 p. Mots-clés : Closed  loop  systems  Combustion  Diesel  engines  Kalman  filters  Least  squares  approximations  Pressure  sensors  Recursive  estimation Index. décimale : 629.8 Résumé : Cylinder pressure is one of the most important parameters characterizing the combustion process in an internal combustion engine. The recent developments in engine control technologies suggest the use of cylinder pressure as a feedback signal for closed-loop combustion control. However, the sensors measuring in-cylinder pressure are typically subject to noise and offset issues, requiring signal processing methods to be applied to obtain a sufficiently accurate pressure trace. The signal conditioning implies a considerable computational burden, which ultimately limits the use of cylinder pressure sensing to laboratory testing, where the signal can be processed off-line. In order to enable closed-loop combustion control through cylinder pressure feedback, a real-time algorithm that extracts the pressure signal from the in-cylinder sensor is proposed in this study. The algorithm is based on a crank-angle based engine combustion of that predicts the in-cylinder pressure from the definition of a burn rate function. The model is then adapted to model-based estimation by applying an extended Kalman filter in conjunction with a recursive least-squares estimation scheme. The estimator is tested on a high-fidelity diesel engine simulator as well as on experimental data obtained at various operating conditions. The results obtained show the effectiveness of the estimator in reconstructing the cylinder pressure on a crank-angle basis and in rejecting measurement noise and modeling errors. Furthermore, a comparative study with a conventional signal processing method shows the advantage of using the derived estimator, especially in the presence of high signal noise (as frequently happens with low-cost sensors). DEWEY : 629.8 ISSN : 0022-0434 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JDSMAA00013300 [...]

On the control of engine start/stop dynamics in a hybrid electric vehicle / Canova, Marcello in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control, Vol. 131 N° 6 (Novembre 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control > Vol. 131 N° 6 (Novembre 2009) . - 12 p. Titre : On the control of engine start/stop dynamics in a hybrid electric vehicle Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Canova, Marcello, Auteur ; Yann Guezennec, Auteur ; Steve Yurkovich, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : 12 p. Note générale : dynamic systems Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : torque;  engines Résumé : The starter/alternator technology is considered an easily realizable hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) configuration to achieve significant fuel economy without compromising consumer acceptability. Several examples can be found in production or near-production vehicles, with implementation based on a spark ignition (SI) engine coupled with either a belted starter/alternator (BSA) or an integrated starter/alternator (ISA). One of the many challenges in successfully developing a starter/alternator HEV is to achieve engine start and stop operations with minimum passenger discomfort. This requires control of the electric motor to start and stop the engine quickly and smoothly, without compromising the vehicle noise, vibration, and harshness signature. The issue becomes more critical in the case of diesel hybrids, as the peak compression torque is much larger than in SI engines. This paper documents the results of a research activity focused on the control of the start and stop dynamics of a HEV with a belted starter/alternator. The work was conducted on a production 1.9 l common-rail diesel engine coupled to a 10.6 kW permanent magnet motor. The system is part of a series/parallel HEV powertrain, designed to fit a midsize prototype sport utility vehicle. A preliminary experimental investigation was done to assess the feasibility of the concept and to partially characterize the system. This facilitated the design of a control-oriented nonlinear model of the system dynamics and its validation on the complete HEV hardware. Model-based control techniques were then applied to design a controller for the belted starter/alternator, ensuring quick and smooth engine start operations. The final control design has been implemented on the vehicle. The research outcomes demonstrated that the BSA is effective in starting the diesel engine quickly and with very limited vibration and noise. DEWEY : 629.8 ISSN : 0022-0434 En ligne : http://dynamicsystems.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/Issue.aspx?issueID=26505&di [...] [article] On the control of engine start/stop dynamics in a hybrid electric vehicle [texte imprimé] / Canova, Marcello, Auteur ; Yann Guezennec, Auteur ; Steve Yurkovich, Auteur . - 2010 . - 12 p. dynamic systems Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control > Vol. 131 N° 6 (Novembre 2009) . - 12 p. Mots-clés : torque;  engines Résumé : The starter/alternator technology is considered an easily realizable hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) configuration to achieve significant fuel economy without compromising consumer acceptability. Several examples can be found in production or near-production vehicles, with implementation based on a spark ignition (SI) engine coupled with either a belted starter/alternator (BSA) or an integrated starter/alternator (ISA). One of the many challenges in successfully developing a starter/alternator HEV is to achieve engine start and stop operations with minimum passenger discomfort. This requires control of the electric motor to start and stop the engine quickly and smoothly, without compromising the vehicle noise, vibration, and harshness signature. The issue becomes more critical in the case of diesel hybrids, as the peak compression torque is much larger than in SI engines. This paper documents the results of a research activity focused on the control of the start and stop dynamics of a HEV with a belted starter/alternator. The work was conducted on a production 1.9 l common-rail diesel engine coupled to a 10.6 kW permanent magnet motor. The system is part of a series/parallel HEV powertrain, designed to fit a midsize prototype sport utility vehicle. A preliminary experimental investigation was done to assess the feasibility of the concept and to partially characterize the system. This facilitated the design of a control-oriented nonlinear model of the system dynamics and its validation on the complete HEV hardware. Model-based control techniques were then applied to design a controller for the belted starter/alternator, ensuring quick and smooth engine start operations. The final control design has been implemented on the vehicle. The research outcomes demonstrated that the BSA is effective in starting the diesel engine quickly and with very limited vibration and noise. DEWEY : 629.8 ISSN : 0022-0434 En ligne : http://dynamicsystems.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/Issue.aspx?issueID=26505&di [...]

Two-level nonlinear model predictive control for lean NOx trap regenerations / Ming-Feng Hsieh in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control, Vol. 132 N° 4 (Juillet 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control > Vol. 132 N° 4 (Juillet 2010) . - 13 p. Titre : Two-level nonlinear model predictive control for lean NOx trap regenerations Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ming-Feng Hsieh, Auteur ; Wang, Junmin, Auteur ; Canova, Marcello, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : 13 p. Note générale : Systèmes dynamiques Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Diesel  engines  Nitrogen  compounds  Nonlinear  control  systems  Predictive  control Index. décimale : 629.8 Résumé : This paper describes a two-level nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) scheme for diesel engine lean NOx trap (LNT) regeneration control. Based on the physical insights into the LNT operational characteristics, a two-level NMPC architecture with the higher-level for the regeneration timing control and the lower-level for the regeneration air to fuel ratio profile control is proposed. A physically based and experimentally validated nonlinear LNT dynamic model is employed to construct the NMPC control algorithms. The control objective is to minimize the fuel penalty induced by LNT regenerations while keeping the tailpipe NOx emissions below the regulations. Based on the physical insights into the LNT system dynamics, different choices of cost function were examined in terms of the impacts on fuel penalty and tailpipe NOx slip amount. The designed control system was evaluated on an experimentally validated vehicle simulator, cX-Emissions, with a 1.9 l diesel engine model through the FTP75 driving cycle. Compared with a conventional LNT control strategy, 31.9% of regeneration fuel penalty reduction was observed during a single regeneration. For the entire cold-start FTP75 test cycle, a 28.1% of tailpipe NOx reduction and 40.9% of fuel penalty reduction were achieved. DEWEY : 629.8 ISSN : 0022-0434 En ligne : http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JDSMAA00013 [...] [article] Two-level nonlinear model predictive control for lean NOx trap regenerations [texte imprimé] / Ming-Feng Hsieh, Auteur ; Wang, Junmin, Auteur ; Canova, Marcello, Auteur . - 2010 . - 13 p. Systèmes dynamiques Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of dynamic systems, measurement, and control > Vol. 132 N° 4 (Juillet 2010) . - 13 p. Mots-clés : Diesel  engines  Nitrogen  compounds  Nonlinear  control  systems  Predictive  control Index. décimale : 629.8 Résumé : This paper describes a two-level nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) scheme for diesel engine lean NOx trap (LNT) regeneration control. Based on the physical insights into the LNT operational characteristics, a two-level NMPC architecture with the higher-level for the regeneration timing control and the lower-level for the regeneration air to fuel ratio profile control is proposed. A physically based and experimentally validated nonlinear LNT dynamic model is employed to construct the NMPC control algorithms. The control objective is to minimize the fuel penalty induced by LNT regenerations while keeping the tailpipe NOx emissions below the regulations. Based on the physical insights into the LNT system dynamics, different choices of cost function were examined in terms of the impacts on fuel penalty and tailpipe NOx slip amount. The designed control system was evaluated on an experimentally validated vehicle simulator, cX-Emissions, with a 1.9 l diesel engine model through the FTP75 driving cycle. Compared with a conventional LNT control strategy, 31.9% of regeneration fuel penalty reduction was observed during a single regeneration. For the entire cold-start FTP75 test cycle, a 28.1% of tailpipe NOx reduction and 40.9% of fuel penalty reduction were achieved. DEWEY : 629.8 ISSN : 0022-0434 En ligne : http://scitation.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JDSMAA00013 [...]