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Application of MCFC in coal gasification plants for high efficiency CO2 capture / Vincenzo Spallina in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, Vol. 134 N° 1 (Janvier 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 134 N° 1 (Janvier 2012) . - 08 p. Titre : Application of MCFC in coal gasification plants for high efficiency CO2 capture Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vincenzo Spallina, Auteur ; Matteo C. Romano, Auteur ; Stefano Campanari, Auteur ; Giovanni Lozza, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : 08 p. Note générale : Génie mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Air  pollution  control  Carbon  compounds  Combined  cycle  power  stations  Flue  gases  Fuel  cell  power  plants  Molten  carbonate  fuel  cells  Solid  oxide  fuel  cells  Steam  power  stations Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : Integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCCs) are considered the reference technology for high efficiency and low emission power generation from coal. In recent years, several theoretical and experimental studies in this field have been oriented toward capturing CO2 from IGCCs through the integration of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for coal-syngas oxidation, investigating the so-called integrated gasification fuel cell cycles (IGFC). However, molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) can also be a promising technology in IGFCs. After rather comprehensive research carried out by the authors on modeling and simulation of SOFC-based IGFC plants, an interesting IGFC cycle based on MCFC is assessed in this work, where plant layout is designed to exploit the capability of MCFCs of transferring CO2 and O2 from the oxidant side to the fuel side. Syngas produced in a high efficiency Shell gasifier is cleaned and mainly burned in a combustion turbine as in conventional IGCCs. Turbine flue gas, rich with oxygen and carbon dioxide, are then used as oxidant stream for the fuel cell at the cathode side, while the remaining clean syngas is oxidized at the anode side. In this way, the MCFC, while efficiently producing electricity, separates CO2 from the gas turbine flue gas as in a post-combustion configuration; oxygen is also transported toward the anode side, oxidizing the remaining syngas as in an oxy-combustion mode. A CO2-rich stream is hence obtained at anode outlet, which can be cooled and compressed for long term storage. This configuration allows production of power from coal with high efficiency and low emission. In addition, as already highlighted in a previous study where a similar concept has been applied to natural gas-fired combined cycles, a limited fraction of the power output is generated by the fuel cell (the most expensive component), highlighting its potential also from an economic point of view. Detailed results are presented in terms of energy and material balances of the proposed cycle. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ000134000001 [...] [article] Application of MCFC in coal gasification plants for high efficiency CO2 capture [texte imprimé] / Vincenzo Spallina, Auteur ; Matteo C. Romano, Auteur ; Stefano Campanari, Auteur ; Giovanni Lozza, Auteur . - 2012 . - 08 p. Génie mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 134 N° 1 (Janvier 2012) . - 08 p. Mots-clés : Air  pollution  control  Carbon  compounds  Combined  cycle  power  stations  Flue  gases  Fuel  cell  power  plants  Molten  carbonate  fuel  cells  Solid  oxide  fuel  cells  Steam  power  stations Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : Integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCCs) are considered the reference technology for high efficiency and low emission power generation from coal. In recent years, several theoretical and experimental studies in this field have been oriented toward capturing CO2 from IGCCs through the integration of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) for coal-syngas oxidation, investigating the so-called integrated gasification fuel cell cycles (IGFC). However, molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) can also be a promising technology in IGFCs. After rather comprehensive research carried out by the authors on modeling and simulation of SOFC-based IGFC plants, an interesting IGFC cycle based on MCFC is assessed in this work, where plant layout is designed to exploit the capability of MCFCs of transferring CO2 and O2 from the oxidant side to the fuel side. Syngas produced in a high efficiency Shell gasifier is cleaned and mainly burned in a combustion turbine as in conventional IGCCs. Turbine flue gas, rich with oxygen and carbon dioxide, are then used as oxidant stream for the fuel cell at the cathode side, while the remaining clean syngas is oxidized at the anode side. In this way, the MCFC, while efficiently producing electricity, separates CO2 from the gas turbine flue gas as in a post-combustion configuration; oxygen is also transported toward the anode side, oxidizing the remaining syngas as in an oxy-combustion mode. A CO2-rich stream is hence obtained at anode outlet, which can be cooled and compressed for long term storage. This configuration allows production of power from coal with high efficiency and low emission. In addition, as already highlighted in a previous study where a similar concept has been applied to natural gas-fired combined cycles, a limited fraction of the power output is generated by the fuel cell (the most expensive component), highlighting its potential also from an economic point of view. Detailed results are presented in terms of energy and material balances of the proposed cycle. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ000134000001 [...]

A parametric thermodynamic evaluation of high performance gas turbine based power cycles / Rakesh K. Bhargava in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, Vol. 132 N° 2 (Fevrier 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 132 N° 2 (Fevrier 2010) . - 14 p. Titre : A parametric thermodynamic evaluation of high performance gas turbine based power cycles Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rakesh K. Bhargava, Auteur ; Michele Bianchi, Auteur ; Stefano Campanari, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : 14 p. Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Brayton  cycle  Fuel  cell  power  plants  Gas  turbine  power  stations  Gas  turbines  Solid  oxide  fuel  cells  Steam  power  stations  Thermodynamics Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : This paper discusses the gas turbine performance enhancement approach that has gained a lot of momentum in recent years in which modified Brayton cycles are used with humidification or water/steam injection, termed “wet cycles,” or with fuel cells, obtaining “hybrid cycles.” The investigated high performance cycles include intercooled steam-injected gas turbine cycle, recuperated water injection cycle, humidified air turbine cycle, and cascaded humidified advanced turbine cycle, Brayton cycle with high temperature fuel cells (molten carbonate fuel cells or solid oxide fuel cells), and their combinations with the modified Brayton cycles. Most of these systems, with a few exceptions, have not yet become commercially available as more development work is required. The results presented show that the cycle efficiency achievable with the aforementioned high performance systems can be comparable or better than a combined cycle system, a currently commercially available power generation system having maximum cycle efficiency. The main emphasis of this paper is to provide a detailed parametric thermodynamic cycle analysis, using uniform design parameters and assumptions, of the above mentioned cycles and discuss their comparative performance including advantages and limitations. The performance of these cycles is also compared with the already developed and commercially available gas turbines without water/steam injection features, called “dry cycles.” In addition, a brief review of the available literature of the identified high performance complex gas turbine cycles is also included in this paper. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ000132000002 [...] [article] A parametric thermodynamic evaluation of high performance gas turbine based power cycles [texte imprimé] / Rakesh K. Bhargava, Auteur ; Michele Bianchi, Auteur ; Stefano Campanari, Auteur . - 2010 . - 14 p. Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 132 N° 2 (Fevrier 2010) . - 14 p. Mots-clés : Brayton  cycle  Fuel  cell  power  plants  Gas  turbine  power  stations  Gas  turbines  Solid  oxide  fuel  cells  Steam  power  stations  Thermodynamics Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : This paper discusses the gas turbine performance enhancement approach that has gained a lot of momentum in recent years in which modified Brayton cycles are used with humidification or water/steam injection, termed “wet cycles,” or with fuel cells, obtaining “hybrid cycles.” The investigated high performance cycles include intercooled steam-injected gas turbine cycle, recuperated water injection cycle, humidified air turbine cycle, and cascaded humidified advanced turbine cycle, Brayton cycle with high temperature fuel cells (molten carbonate fuel cells or solid oxide fuel cells), and their combinations with the modified Brayton cycles. Most of these systems, with a few exceptions, have not yet become commercially available as more development work is required. The results presented show that the cycle efficiency achievable with the aforementioned high performance systems can be comparable or better than a combined cycle system, a currently commercially available power generation system having maximum cycle efficiency. The main emphasis of this paper is to provide a detailed parametric thermodynamic cycle analysis, using uniform design parameters and assumptions, of the above mentioned cycles and discuss their comparative performance including advantages and limitations. The performance of these cycles is also compared with the already developed and commercially available gas turbines without water/steam injection features, called “dry cycles.” In addition, a brief review of the available literature of the identified high performance complex gas turbine cycles is also included in this paper. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ000132000002 [...]

A SOFC-based integrated gasification fuel cell cycle with CO2 capture / Vincenzo Spallina in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, Vol. 133 N° 7 (Juillet 2011) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 133 N° 7 (Juillet 2011) . - 10 p. Titre : A SOFC-based integrated gasification fuel cell cycle with CO2 capture Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Vincenzo Spallina, Auteur ; Matteo C. Romano, Auteur ; Stefano Campanari, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : 10 p. Note générale : Turbines à gaz Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Boilers  Coal  gasification  Fuel  cell  power  plants  Pollution  control  Solid  oxide  fuel  cells  Steam  power  stations Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : The application of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) in gasification-based power plants would represent a turning point in the power generation sector, allowing to considerably increase the electric efficiency of coal-fired power stations. Pollutant emissions would also be significantly reduced in integrated gasification fuel cell cycles (IGFC) considering the much lower emissions of conventional pollutants (NOx, CO, SOx, and particulate matter) typical of fuel cell-based systems. In addition, SOFC-based IGFCs appear particularly suited to applications in power plants with CO2 capture. This is evident by considering that SOFCs operate as air separators and partly oxidized fuel exiting the fuel cell does not contain nitrogen from air, such as in conventional oxyfuel processes. The aim of this paper is the thermodynamic analysis of a SOFC-based IGFC with CO2 capture. In the assessed plant, syngas produced in a high efficiency Shell gasifier is used in SOFC modules after heat recovery and cleaning. Anode exhausts, still containing combustible species, are burned with oxygen produced in the air separation unit, also used to generate the oxygen needed in the gasifier; the product gas is cooled down in a heat recovery steam generator before water condensation and CO2 compression. The plant layout is carefully designed to best exploit the heat generated in all the processes and, apart from the fuel cell exotic components, far from industrial state-of-the-art, are not included. Detailed energy and mass balances are presented for a better comprehension of the obtained results. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ00013300 [...] [article] A SOFC-based integrated gasification fuel cell cycle with CO2 capture [texte imprimé] / Vincenzo Spallina, Auteur ; Matteo C. Romano, Auteur ; Stefano Campanari, Auteur . - 2011 . - 10 p. Turbines à gaz Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 133 N° 7 (Juillet 2011) . - 10 p. Mots-clés : Boilers  Coal  gasification  Fuel  cell  power  plants  Pollution  control  Solid  oxide  fuel  cells  Steam  power  stations Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : The application of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) in gasification-based power plants would represent a turning point in the power generation sector, allowing to considerably increase the electric efficiency of coal-fired power stations. Pollutant emissions would also be significantly reduced in integrated gasification fuel cell cycles (IGFC) considering the much lower emissions of conventional pollutants (NOx, CO, SOx, and particulate matter) typical of fuel cell-based systems. In addition, SOFC-based IGFCs appear particularly suited to applications in power plants with CO2 capture. This is evident by considering that SOFCs operate as air separators and partly oxidized fuel exiting the fuel cell does not contain nitrogen from air, such as in conventional oxyfuel processes. The aim of this paper is the thermodynamic analysis of a SOFC-based IGFC with CO2 capture. In the assessed plant, syngas produced in a high efficiency Shell gasifier is used in SOFC modules after heat recovery and cleaning. Anode exhausts, still containing combustible species, are burned with oxygen produced in the air separation unit, also used to generate the oxygen needed in the gasifier; the product gas is cooled down in a heat recovery steam generator before water condensation and CO2 compression. The plant layout is carefully designed to best exploit the heat generated in all the processes and, apart from the fuel cell exotic components, far from industrial state-of-the-art, are not included. Detailed energy and mass balances are presented for a better comprehension of the obtained results. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ00013300 [...]