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Résumé :
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In this study, the chemical composition of essential oils from twenty-three wild populations of Achillea biebersteinii Afan., growing wild in different parts of Iran, were determined by means of gas chromatography (GC) and GC–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses. Based on the dry weight of samples, the oil content of studied populations varied from 0.44% (Nenor) to 1.62% (Golool) with an average value of 0.81%. In total, twenty-five compounds were identified in the essential oil of all samples corresponding about 92.5–99.1% of the chemical composition. All essential oils were characterized by a high amount of monoterpenoid compounds (99.1–99.2%), especially oxygenated ones (48.5–90%), which were almost dominant in all cases and with a trace amount of sesquiterpenes (0–0.3%). 1,8-Cineole (6.5–68.3%) was generally found as the principal component of most essential oils, followed by p-cymene (1.4–38.6%). The noticeable point of present study was the occurrence of nepetalactones chemotypes in plants of the Nepeta species. These compounds were detected in the essential oils of fourteen of twenty-three populations, which were mostly at least one of the three major components (4.3–43.3%) too.
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