Compound of nickel phosphate with Ni(OH)(PO4)2― layers and synergistic application with intumescent flame retardants in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer / Xueying Shan in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 50 N° 12 (Juin 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inIndustrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 12 (Juin 2011) . - pp. 7201-7209 Titre : Compound of nickel phosphate with Ni(OH)(PO4)2― layers and synergistic application with intumescent flame retardants in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xueying Shan, Auteur ; Ping Zhang, Auteur ; Lei Song, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 7201-7209 Note générale : Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Flame retardant Synergism Résumé : In this paper, a new method was used to prepare flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU). Nickel phosphate with Ni(OH)(PO4)2― layers, Na(H3O)2{Ni4(OH)4(HPO4)3(H2PO4)} (NaNiP), was prepared by a hydrothermal method, and it was added to the TPU and intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system. The synergistic effect between NaNiP and IFR was studied. With the addition of 1 wt % NaNiP, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the TPU/ IFR system was increased from 27 to 32%. The UL-94 tests showed that TPU containing 20 wt % IFR had no rating, but TPU with 19 wt % IFR and 1 wt % NaNiP could reach the V-0 rating. The results of thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TGA―IR) showed that NaNiP could delay volatilized products in TPU/IFR system. Laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) of residual char indicated that the ordered carbon was increased with the addition of 1 wt % NaNiP, and the content ratio of ordered carbon in outer char was larger than that in inner char. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that NaNiP could help the TPU/IFR system form a dense and intumescent char layer. Therefore, a just-right formulation between IFR and NaNiP in TPU showed optimal synergistic effect. The synergistic mechanism was also proposed in this paper. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24239034 [article] Compound of nickel phosphate with Ni(OH)(PO4)2― layers and synergistic application with intumescent flame retardants in thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer [texte imprimé] / Xueying Shan, Auteur ; Ping Zhang, Auteur ; Lei Song, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 7201-7209. Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 12 (Juin 2011) . - pp. 7201-7209 Mots-clés : Flame retardant Synergism Résumé : In this paper, a new method was used to prepare flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU). Nickel phosphate with Ni(OH)(PO4)2― layers, Na(H3O)2{Ni4(OH)4(HPO4)3(H2PO4)} (NaNiP), was prepared by a hydrothermal method, and it was added to the TPU and intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system. The synergistic effect between NaNiP and IFR was studied. With the addition of 1 wt % NaNiP, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of the TPU/ IFR system was increased from 27 to 32%. The UL-94 tests showed that TPU containing 20 wt % IFR had no rating, but TPU with 19 wt % IFR and 1 wt % NaNiP could reach the V-0 rating. The results of thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TGA―IR) showed that NaNiP could delay volatilized products in TPU/IFR system. Laser Raman spectroscopy (LRS) of residual char indicated that the ordered carbon was increased with the addition of 1 wt % NaNiP, and the content ratio of ordered carbon in outer char was larger than that in inner char. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that NaNiP could help the TPU/IFR system form a dense and intumescent char layer. Therefore, a just-right formulation between IFR and NaNiP in TPU showed optimal synergistic effect. The synergistic mechanism was also proposed in this paper. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24239034

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Effect of nickel-containing layered double hydroxides and cyclophosphazene compound on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of poly(lactic acid) / Xueying Shan in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 51 N° 40 (Octobre 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inIndustrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 40 (Octobre 2012) . - pp. 13037-13045 Titre : Effect of nickel-containing layered double hydroxides and cyclophosphazene compound on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of poly(lactic acid) Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Xueying Shan, Auteur ; Lei Song, Auteur ; Weiyi Xing, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 13037-13045 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Flame Thermal stability Résumé : Hydrotalcite-like anionic clays or layered double hydroxides with dodecylbenzenesulfonate anions (NiFe, NiAl, and NiCr LDH-SDS, where SDS denotes sodium dodecyl sulfate) were prepared by the coprecipitation method. Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene (HPCP) is an effective cyclophosphazene flame retardant. The HPCP molecule contains a cyclic backbone consisting of alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atoms. LDH-SDS and HPCP were first used to prepare poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites. One goal of this work was to compare the thermal stability and flame retardancy of PLA/ HPCP/LDH-SDS composites. The structures and properties of LDH-SDS materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thermal analysis and char residue analysis of PLA/HPCP/LDH-SDS composites suggested that NiFe, NiAl, and NiCr LDH-SDS materials play different roles in improving the thermal stability and flame retardancy of PLA composites. The effective mechanism of LDH-SDS and HPCP in PLA composites is also hypothesized in this work. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26451452 [article] Effect of nickel-containing layered double hydroxides and cyclophosphazene compound on the thermal stability and flame retardancy of poly(lactic acid) [texte imprimé] / Xueying Shan, Auteur ; Lei Song, Auteur ; Weiyi Xing, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 13037-13045. Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 40 (Octobre 2012) . - pp. 13037-13045 Mots-clés : Flame Thermal stability Résumé : Hydrotalcite-like anionic clays or layered double hydroxides with dodecylbenzenesulfonate anions (NiFe, NiAl, and NiCr LDH-SDS, where SDS denotes sodium dodecyl sulfate) were prepared by the coprecipitation method. Hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene (HPCP) is an effective cyclophosphazene flame retardant. The HPCP molecule contains a cyclic backbone consisting of alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atoms. LDH-SDS and HPCP were first used to prepare poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites. One goal of this work was to compare the thermal stability and flame retardancy of PLA/ HPCP/LDH-SDS composites. The structures and properties of LDH-SDS materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Thermal analysis and char residue analysis of PLA/HPCP/LDH-SDS composites suggested that NiFe, NiAl, and NiCr LDH-SDS materials play different roles in improving the thermal stability and flame retardancy of PLA composites. The effective mechanism of LDH-SDS and HPCP in PLA composites is also hypothesized in this work. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26451452

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