Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur

Analysis of an explosion in a wool - processing plant / Piero Salatino in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 51 N° 22 (Juin 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 22 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7713–7718 Titre : Analysis of an explosion in a wool - processing plant Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Piero Salatino, Auteur ; Almerinda Di Benedetto, Auteur ; Riccardo Chirone, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 7713–7718 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Analysis  explosion  wool Résumé : A major accident occurred in an Italian wool factory in 2001, culminating with a severe explosion, despite that wool is recognized as the most flame-resistant among the natural textile fibers. The analysis of this exceptional event suggests that, in addition to classical explosion parameters, three key phenomena related to the process jointly contributed to trigger the otherwise unexpected combustion of wool flock suspensions. The first and more important phenomenon is represented by the segregation of dust mixtures occurring during processing of textile fibers and storage of byproduct. Segregation may isolate and concentrate the lighter component of wool processing byproduct as a flammable dust. The main conclusion of our analysis is that, when performing risk assessment, sampling of all materials is a necessary step, since flammability and explosivity of raw materials may not be representative of the safety of the whole process. The second phenomenon is the enhancement of the combustion of the flammable dust layered on nets as they are subjected to cross-flow of air. The enhancement may be such as to promote transition from smoldering to flaming combustion of the dust layer. The third phenomenon is related to the interaction among the flame, the induced turbulence, dust dispersion into clouds and the layout of the plant. The combination of these phenomena promoted a deflagration of unexpected severity. In this paper, the dynamics of the explosion is analyzed in the light of the occurrence of the above cited phenomena. Purposely designed experimental tests have been performed to support the key role of segregation, formation, and ignition of the flammable cloud. Results clarify that real-world dust explosion accidents may be more severe than it could be anticipated on the basis of standard laboratory tests. A procedure for risk analysis is given to predict explosions of flocking materials. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2023614 [article] Analysis of an explosion in a wool - processing plant [texte imprimé] / Piero Salatino, Auteur ; Almerinda Di Benedetto, Auteur ; Riccardo Chirone, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 7713–7718. Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 22 (Juin 2012) . - pp. 7713–7718 Mots-clés : Analysis  explosion  wool Résumé : A major accident occurred in an Italian wool factory in 2001, culminating with a severe explosion, despite that wool is recognized as the most flame-resistant among the natural textile fibers. The analysis of this exceptional event suggests that, in addition to classical explosion parameters, three key phenomena related to the process jointly contributed to trigger the otherwise unexpected combustion of wool flock suspensions. The first and more important phenomenon is represented by the segregation of dust mixtures occurring during processing of textile fibers and storage of byproduct. Segregation may isolate and concentrate the lighter component of wool processing byproduct as a flammable dust. The main conclusion of our analysis is that, when performing risk assessment, sampling of all materials is a necessary step, since flammability and explosivity of raw materials may not be representative of the safety of the whole process. The second phenomenon is the enhancement of the combustion of the flammable dust layered on nets as they are subjected to cross-flow of air. The enhancement may be such as to promote transition from smoldering to flaming combustion of the dust layer. The third phenomenon is related to the interaction among the flame, the induced turbulence, dust dispersion into clouds and the layout of the plant. The combination of these phenomena promoted a deflagration of unexpected severity. In this paper, the dynamics of the explosion is analyzed in the light of the occurrence of the above cited phenomena. Purposely designed experimental tests have been performed to support the key role of segregation, formation, and ignition of the flammable cloud. Results clarify that real-world dust explosion accidents may be more severe than it could be anticipated on the basis of standard laboratory tests. A procedure for risk analysis is given to predict explosions of flocking materials. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie2023614

A Population balance model on sorbent in CFB combustors / Fabio Montagnaro in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 50 N° 16 (Août 2011) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 16 (Août 2011) . - pp. 9704-9711 Titre : A Population balance model on sorbent in CFB combustors : the influence of particle attrition Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fabio Montagnaro, Auteur ; Piero Salatino, Auteur ; Fabrizio Scala, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 9704-9711 Note générale : Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attrition  Modeling  Population  balance Résumé : A population balance model on sorbent particles in an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed combustor fueled with sulfur-bearing solid fuel is developed. The model aims at the prediction of the following quantities establishing at the steady state in the combustor: sorbent inventory and particle size distribution, partitioning of the sorbent between fly and bottom ash, desulfurization efficiency, and the mass flow rate of the sorbent circulating around the loop of the combustor. The core of the model is represented by the population balance equations on sorbent particles, which embody terms expressing the rate of sorbent attrition/fragmentation. The effect of the progress of sulfation on attrition is taken into account by the selection of appropriate constitutive equations. Model results are presented and discussed with the aim of clarifying the influence of particle attrition. In particular, the effect of attrition on bed sorbent partitioning between lime and sulfated lime and on SO2 capture efficiency is highlighted. The model enables one to assess the balance between opposed effects of attrition on desulfurization: on one hand, attrited fines are characterized by a better reactivity with respect to SO2, when compared with the mother particles; on the other hand, attrition is responsible for larger amounts of unsulfated material reporting to the fly ash. A sensitivity analysis is also carried out with reference to relevant operational parameters of the combustor in order to correlate changes in ash partitioning and desulfurization efficiency with the extent of sorbent attrition and solids circulation. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24425214 [article] A Population balance model on sorbent in CFB combustors : the influence of particle attrition [texte imprimé] / Fabio Montagnaro, Auteur ; Piero Salatino, Auteur ; Fabrizio Scala, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 9704-9711. Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 16 (Août 2011) . - pp. 9704-9711 Mots-clés : Attrition  Modeling  Population  balance Résumé : A population balance model on sorbent particles in an atmospheric circulating fluidized bed combustor fueled with sulfur-bearing solid fuel is developed. The model aims at the prediction of the following quantities establishing at the steady state in the combustor: sorbent inventory and particle size distribution, partitioning of the sorbent between fly and bottom ash, desulfurization efficiency, and the mass flow rate of the sorbent circulating around the loop of the combustor. The core of the model is represented by the population balance equations on sorbent particles, which embody terms expressing the rate of sorbent attrition/fragmentation. The effect of the progress of sulfation on attrition is taken into account by the selection of appropriate constitutive equations. Model results are presented and discussed with the aim of clarifying the influence of particle attrition. In particular, the effect of attrition on bed sorbent partitioning between lime and sulfated lime and on SO2 capture efficiency is highlighted. The model enables one to assess the balance between opposed effects of attrition on desulfurization: on one hand, attrited fines are characterized by a better reactivity with respect to SO2, when compared with the mother particles; on the other hand, attrition is responsible for larger amounts of unsulfated material reporting to the fly ash. A sensitivity analysis is also carried out with reference to relevant operational parameters of the combustor in order to correlate changes in ash partitioning and desulfurization efficiency with the extent of sorbent attrition and solids circulation. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24425214

Preliminary assessment of a concept of looping combustion of carbon / Piero Salatino in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 48 N°1 (Janvier 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 48 N°1 (Janvier 2009) . - p. 102-109 Titre : Preliminary assessment of a concept of looping combustion of carbon Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Piero Salatino, Editeur scientifique ; Osvalda Senneca, Editeur scientifique Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p. 102-109 Note générale : Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Looping  Combustion  of  Carbon  (CarboLoop)  Feature  of  carbons  Surface  oxides  of  carbon  Combustion  products  (CO,  CO2)  CarboLoop Résumé : A novel concept of looping combustion of carbon (CarboLoop) is presented. It is based on the feature of carbons to extensively uptake oxygen upon exposure to air at moderate temperatures. Surface oxides of carbon are eventually released as combustion products (CO, CO2) as the oxidized fuel is brought to moderate-to-high temperature in an oxygen-free atmosphere. This concept is pursued to the formulation of a preliminary scheme of a looping combustor of carbons based on a dual interconnected bed reactor system. One of the reactors is air-blown and acts as the fuel oxidizer. The second reactor, operated with partial recycle of gaseous effluents (CO2 + impurities), acts as the fuel desorber. Operating conditions of the oxidation and desorption stages may be properly tuned, leading to alternative looping strategies. The present study lays down the basic mechanistic background for analyzing the process, based on a simplified semiglobal approach to combustion and oxidation of solid carbons. The soundness of the CarboLoop concept has been verified by purposely designed experiments. The alternated oxidation/desorption stages typical of a looping combustor are simulated in a thermogravimetric analyzer. Experiments were directed to monitoring the oxidation and desorption steps under simulated looping conditions. Graphitized coke has been used as a surrogate carbon fuel. The experimental results confirm the soundness and potential of the CarboLoop concept and lay the path for its further development. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800295q [article] Preliminary assessment of a concept of looping combustion of carbon [texte imprimé] / Piero Salatino, Editeur scientifique ; Osvalda Senneca, Editeur scientifique . - 2009 . - p. 102-109. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 48 N°1 (Janvier 2009) . - p. 102-109 Mots-clés : Looping  Combustion  of  Carbon  (CarboLoop)  Feature  of  carbons  Surface  oxides  of  carbon  Combustion  products  (CO,  CO2)  CarboLoop Résumé : A novel concept of looping combustion of carbon (CarboLoop) is presented. It is based on the feature of carbons to extensively uptake oxygen upon exposure to air at moderate temperatures. Surface oxides of carbon are eventually released as combustion products (CO, CO2) as the oxidized fuel is brought to moderate-to-high temperature in an oxygen-free atmosphere. This concept is pursued to the formulation of a preliminary scheme of a looping combustor of carbons based on a dual interconnected bed reactor system. One of the reactors is air-blown and acts as the fuel oxidizer. The second reactor, operated with partial recycle of gaseous effluents (CO2 + impurities), acts as the fuel desorber. Operating conditions of the oxidation and desorption stages may be properly tuned, leading to alternative looping strategies. The present study lays down the basic mechanistic background for analyzing the process, based on a simplified semiglobal approach to combustion and oxidation of solid carbons. The soundness of the CarboLoop concept has been verified by purposely designed experiments. The alternated oxidation/desorption stages typical of a looping combustor are simulated in a thermogravimetric analyzer. Experiments were directed to monitoring the oxidation and desorption steps under simulated looping conditions. Graphitized coke has been used as a surrogate carbon fuel. The experimental results confirm the soundness and potential of the CarboLoop concept and lay the path for its further development. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800295q