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Analysis of a micro gas turbine fed by natural gas and synthesis gas / M. Cadorin in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, Vol. 134 N° 7 (Juillet 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 134 N° 7 (Juillet 2012) . - 11 p. Titre : Analysis of a micro gas turbine fed by natural gas and synthesis gas : MGT test bench and combustor CFD analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Cadorin, Auteur ; M. Pinelli, Auteur ; A. Vaccari, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : 11 p. Note générale : Génie mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Energy  production  Micro  gas  turbine  fed  Synthesis  gas  Natural  gas Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : In recent years, the interest in the research on energy production systems fed by biofuels has increased. Gaseous fuels obtained through biomass conversion processes such as gasification, pyrolysis and pyrogasification are generally defined as synthesis gas (syngas). The use of synthesis gas in small-size energy systems, such as those used for distributed micro-cogeneration, has not yet reached a level of technological maturity that could allow a large market diffusion. For this reason, further analyses (both experimental and numerical) have to be carried out to allow these technologies to achieve performance and reliability typical of established technologies based on traditional fuels. In this paper, a numerical analysis of a combustor of a 100-kW micro gas turbine fed by natural gas and biomass-derived synthesis gas is presented. The work has been developed in the framework of a collaboration between the Engineering Department of the University of Ferrara, the Istituto Motori - CNR (Napoli), and Turbec S.p A. of Corporeno di Cento (FE). The main features of the micro gas turbine Turbec T100, located at the Istituto Motori - CNR, are firstly described. A decompression and distribution system allows the feeding of the micro gas turbine with gaseous fuels characterized by different compositions. Moreover, a system of remote monitoring and control together with a data transfer system has been developed in order to set the operative parameters of the machine. The results of the tests performed under different operating conditions are then presented. Subsequently, the paper presents the numerical analysis of a model of the micro gas turbine combustor. The combustor model is validated against manufacturer performance data and experimental data with respect to steady state performance, i.e., average outlet temperature and emission levels. A sensitivity analysis on the model capability to simulate different operating conditions is then performed. The combustor model is used to simulate the combustion of a syngas, composed of different ratios of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, carbon dioxide and water. The results in terms of flame displacement, temperature and emission distribution and values are analyzed and compared to the natural gas simulations. Finally, some simple modifications to the combustion chamber are proposed and simulated both with natural gas and syngas feeding. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ000134000007 [...] [article] Analysis of a micro gas turbine fed by natural gas and synthesis gas : MGT test bench and combustor CFD analysis [texte imprimé] / M. Cadorin, Auteur ; M. Pinelli, Auteur ; A. Vaccari, Auteur . - 2012 . - 11 p. Génie mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 134 N° 7 (Juillet 2012) . - 11 p. Mots-clés : Energy  production  Micro  gas  turbine  fed  Synthesis  gas  Natural  gas Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : In recent years, the interest in the research on energy production systems fed by biofuels has increased. Gaseous fuels obtained through biomass conversion processes such as gasification, pyrolysis and pyrogasification are generally defined as synthesis gas (syngas). The use of synthesis gas in small-size energy systems, such as those used for distributed micro-cogeneration, has not yet reached a level of technological maturity that could allow a large market diffusion. For this reason, further analyses (both experimental and numerical) have to be carried out to allow these technologies to achieve performance and reliability typical of established technologies based on traditional fuels. In this paper, a numerical analysis of a combustor of a 100-kW micro gas turbine fed by natural gas and biomass-derived synthesis gas is presented. The work has been developed in the framework of a collaboration between the Engineering Department of the University of Ferrara, the Istituto Motori - CNR (Napoli), and Turbec S.p A. of Corporeno di Cento (FE). The main features of the micro gas turbine Turbec T100, located at the Istituto Motori - CNR, are firstly described. A decompression and distribution system allows the feeding of the micro gas turbine with gaseous fuels characterized by different compositions. Moreover, a system of remote monitoring and control together with a data transfer system has been developed in order to set the operative parameters of the machine. The results of the tests performed under different operating conditions are then presented. Subsequently, the paper presents the numerical analysis of a model of the micro gas turbine combustor. The combustor model is validated against manufacturer performance data and experimental data with respect to steady state performance, i.e., average outlet temperature and emission levels. A sensitivity analysis on the model capability to simulate different operating conditions is then performed. The combustor model is used to simulate the combustion of a syngas, composed of different ratios of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, carbon dioxide and water. The results in terms of flame displacement, temperature and emission distribution and values are analyzed and compared to the natural gas simulations. Finally, some simple modifications to the combustion chamber are proposed and simulated both with natural gas and syngas feeding. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ000134000007 [...]

Influence of blade deterioration on compressor and turbine performance / M. Morini in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, Vol. 132 N° 3 (Mars 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 132 N° 3 (Mars 2010) . - 11 p. Titre : Influence of blade deterioration on compressor and turbine performance Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Morini, Auteur ; M. Pinelli, Auteur ; P. R. Spina, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : 11 p. Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fault  diagnosis  Gas  turbines Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : Gas turbine operating state determination consists of the assessment of the modification due to deterioration and fault of performance and geometric data characterizing machine components. One of the main effects of deterioration and fault is the modification of compressor and turbine performance maps. Since detailed information about actual modification of component maps is usually unavailable, many authors simulate the effects of deterioration and fault by a simple scaling of the map itself. In this paper, stage-by-stage models of the compressor and the turbine are used in order to assess the actual modification of compressor and turbine performance maps due to blade deterioration. The compressor is modeled by using generalized performance curves of each stage matched by means of a stage-stacking procedure. Each turbine stage is instead modeled as two nozzles, a fixed one (stator) and a moving one (rotor). The results obtained by simulating some of the most common causes of blade deterioration (i.e., compressor fouling, compressor mechanical damage, turbine fouling, and turbine erosion), occurring in one or more stages simultaneously, are reported in this paper. Moreover, compressor and turbine maps obtained through the stage-by-stage procedure are compared with the ones obtained by means of map scaling. The results show that the values of the scaling factors depend on the corrected rotational speed and on the load. However, since the variation in the scaling factors in the operating region close to the design corrected rotational speed is small, the use of the scaling factor as health indices can be considered acceptable for gas turbine health state determination at full load. Moreover, also the use of scaled maps in order to represent compressor and turbine behavior in deteriorated conditions close to the design corrected rotational speed can be considered acceptable. Note de contenu : Erratum: “Influence of Blade Deterioration on Compressor and Turbine Performance” [Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2010, 132(3), p. 032401] M. Morini et al. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 132, 117001 (2010) DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ000132000003 [...] [article] Influence of blade deterioration on compressor and turbine performance [texte imprimé] / M. Morini, Auteur ; M. Pinelli, Auteur ; P. R. Spina, Auteur . - 2010 . - 11 p. Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 132 N° 3 (Mars 2010) . - 11 p. Mots-clés : Fault  diagnosis  Gas  turbines Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : Gas turbine operating state determination consists of the assessment of the modification due to deterioration and fault of performance and geometric data characterizing machine components. One of the main effects of deterioration and fault is the modification of compressor and turbine performance maps. Since detailed information about actual modification of component maps is usually unavailable, many authors simulate the effects of deterioration and fault by a simple scaling of the map itself. In this paper, stage-by-stage models of the compressor and the turbine are used in order to assess the actual modification of compressor and turbine performance maps due to blade deterioration. The compressor is modeled by using generalized performance curves of each stage matched by means of a stage-stacking procedure. Each turbine stage is instead modeled as two nozzles, a fixed one (stator) and a moving one (rotor). The results obtained by simulating some of the most common causes of blade deterioration (i.e., compressor fouling, compressor mechanical damage, turbine fouling, and turbine erosion), occurring in one or more stages simultaneously, are reported in this paper. Moreover, compressor and turbine maps obtained through the stage-by-stage procedure are compared with the ones obtained by means of map scaling. The results show that the values of the scaling factors depend on the corrected rotational speed and on the load. However, since the variation in the scaling factors in the operating region close to the design corrected rotational speed is small, the use of the scaling factor as health indices can be considered acceptable for gas turbine health state determination at full load. Moreover, also the use of scaled maps in order to represent compressor and turbine behavior in deteriorated conditions close to the design corrected rotational speed can be considered acceptable. Note de contenu : Erratum: “Influence of Blade Deterioration on Compressor and Turbine Performance” [Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, 2010, 132(3), p. 032401] M. Morini et al. J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 132, 117001 (2010) DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ000132000003 [...]

Setup of an experimental facility for the investigation of wet compression on a multistage compressor / R. Bettocchi in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power, Vol. 133 N° 10 (Octobre 2011) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 133 N° 10 (Octobre 2011) . - 08 p. Titre : Setup of an experimental facility for the investigation of wet compression on a multistage compressor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R. Bettocchi, Auteur ; M. Morini, Auteur ; M. Pinelli, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : 08 p. Note générale : Génie mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Compressors  Gas  turbines Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : At present, inlet fogging and wet compression are two of the most widely used approaches to enhance gas turbine performance, especially during hot seasons. However, potentially negative effects of these practices on long-term operational integrity of gas turbines should be evaluated carefully; in particular, wet compression may lead to the erosion of first compressor stages due to the impact of water droplets within the flow at compressor intake. This issue is still controversial in technical literature since only limited historical field operating data and information are available. Therefore, a test facility was specifically set up in the laboratories of the University of Ferrara, to evaluate the effects of wet compression on a small-size compressor. This paper presents the experimental facility developed for wet compression investigation and some preliminary results. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ00013300 [...] [article] Setup of an experimental facility for the investigation of wet compression on a multistage compressor [texte imprimé] / R. Bettocchi, Auteur ; M. Morini, Auteur ; M. Pinelli, Auteur . - 2011 . - 08 p. Génie mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Transactions of the ASME . Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power > Vol. 133 N° 10 (Octobre 2011) . - 08 p. Mots-clés : Compressors  Gas  turbines Index. décimale : 620.1 Essais des matériaux. Défauts des matériaux. Protection des matériaux Résumé : At present, inlet fogging and wet compression are two of the most widely used approaches to enhance gas turbine performance, especially during hot seasons. However, potentially negative effects of these practices on long-term operational integrity of gas turbines should be evaluated carefully; in particular, wet compression may lead to the erosion of first compressor stages due to the impact of water droplets within the flow at compressor intake. This issue is still controversial in technical literature since only limited historical field operating data and information are available. Therefore, a test facility was specifically set up in the laboratories of the University of Ferrara, to evaluate the effects of wet compression on a small-size compressor. This paper presents the experimental facility developed for wet compression investigation and some preliminary results. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0742-4795 En ligne : http://asmedl.aip.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JETPEZ00013300 [...]