Kinetic investigation of benzene ethylation with ethanol over USY zeolite in a riser simulator / T. Odedairo in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 49 N° 4 (Fevrier 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inIndustrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 49 N° 4 (Fevrier 2010) . - pp 1642–1651 Titre : Kinetic investigation of benzene ethylation with ethanol over USY zeolite in a riser simulator Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Odedairo, Auteur ; Al-Khattaf, S., Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1642–1651 Note générale : Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Kinetic Benzene Ethylation Zeolite. Résumé : The ethylation of benzene with ethanol over USY zeolite catalysts has been investigated at three different temperatures (300, 350, and 400 °C) for reaction times of 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, and 15 s with constant benzene to ethanol mole ratio of 1:1. Significant benzene conversion was found in the ethylation of benzene with ethanol over USY-2 catalyst as compared with the negligible conversion observed over USY-1 catalyst of lower acidity. The cracking of ethylbenzene (EB) was found to dominate at high temperatures (350 and 400 °C) in the ethylation of benzene with ethanol over USY-2 catalyst while ethylbenzene ethylation becomes significant at lower temperature (300 °C). Considerable amount of toluene was observed in the ethylation of benzene over USY-2 catalyst and was found to increase with increasing reaction temperature. The effect of reaction conditions on ethylbenzene selectivity, toluene selectivity, toluene-to-EB ratio, and total diethylbenzene (DEB) selectivity, are reported. Kinetic parameters for the ethylation of benzene with ethanol (E1), cracking of EB (E2), ethylation of ethylbenzene with ethanol (E3), and the cracking of diethylbenzene (E4) over USY-2 catalyst were determined using the catalyst activity decay function based on time-on-stream model. The apparent activation energies were found to decrease as follows: E2 > E3 > E4 > E1. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie901526d [article] Kinetic investigation of benzene ethylation with ethanol over USY zeolite in a riser simulator [texte imprimé] / T. Odedairo, Auteur ; Al-Khattaf, S., Auteur . - 2010 . - pp 1642–1651. Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 49 N° 4 (Fevrier 2010) . - pp 1642–1651 Mots-clés : Kinetic Benzene Ethylation Zeolite. Résumé : The ethylation of benzene with ethanol over USY zeolite catalysts has been investigated at three different temperatures (300, 350, and 400 °C) for reaction times of 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, and 15 s with constant benzene to ethanol mole ratio of 1:1. Significant benzene conversion was found in the ethylation of benzene with ethanol over USY-2 catalyst as compared with the negligible conversion observed over USY-1 catalyst of lower acidity. The cracking of ethylbenzene (EB) was found to dominate at high temperatures (350 and 400 °C) in the ethylation of benzene with ethanol over USY-2 catalyst while ethylbenzene ethylation becomes significant at lower temperature (300 °C). Considerable amount of toluene was observed in the ethylation of benzene over USY-2 catalyst and was found to increase with increasing reaction temperature. The effect of reaction conditions on ethylbenzene selectivity, toluene selectivity, toluene-to-EB ratio, and total diethylbenzene (DEB) selectivity, are reported. Kinetic parameters for the ethylation of benzene with ethanol (E1), cracking of EB (E2), ethylation of ethylbenzene with ethanol (E3), and the cracking of diethylbenzene (E4) over USY-2 catalyst were determined using the catalyst activity decay function based on time-on-stream model. The apparent activation energies were found to decrease as follows: E2 > E3 > E4 > E1. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie901526d

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Toluene disproportionation and methylation over zeolites TNU-9, SSZ-33, ZSM-5, and mordenite using different reactor systems / T. Odedairo in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 50 N° 6 (Mars 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inIndustrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 6 (Mars 2011) . - pp. 3169-3183 Titre : Toluene disproportionation and methylation over zeolites TNU-9, SSZ-33, ZSM-5, and mordenite using different reactor systems Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : T. Odedairo, Auteur ; R. J. Balasamy, Auteur ; Al-Khattaf, S., Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 3169-3183 Note générale : Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Reactor Zeolite Methylation Disproportionation Résumé : An array of zeolites varying in the channel structural design and acidity was investigated in toluene methylation with methanol, together with toluene disproportionation, using fluidized-bed and fixed-bed reactors. The conversions of toluene in the methylation and disproportionation reactions in the fixed-bed reactor were higher than those in the fluidized-bed reactor over the zeolite based catalysts at similar reaction conditions. The unique pore architecture of zeolite TNU-9, with 10-ring channel systems, being slightly larger zeolite compared with ZSM-5, can offer new opportunities for toluene disproportionation, as well as for toluene methylation. The medium pore zeolite TNU-9 was found to possess the highest conversion in toluene disproportionation as compared with other zeolite based catalysts under study. In toluene methylation, the highest toluene conversion was achieved with mordenite based catalyst (MOR-A), while the xylene selectivity follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > MOR-A > SSZ-33 > MOR-B. This order indicates that xylene selectivity is directly related to the size of channels from medium to large pore zeolites. Using the fluidized bed, the apparent activation energies for toluene methylation follow the order: ZSM-5 (46.8 kJ/mol) > TNU-9 (33.9 kJ/mol) > MOR-B (13.9 kJ/mol) ≈ MOR-A (13.1 kJ/mol) > SSZ-33 (8.2 kJ/mol). DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=23944482 [article] Toluene disproportionation and methylation over zeolites TNU-9, SSZ-33, ZSM-5, and mordenite using different reactor systems [texte imprimé] / T. Odedairo, Auteur ; R. J. Balasamy, Auteur ; Al-Khattaf, S., Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 3169-3183. Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 6 (Mars 2011) . - pp. 3169-3183 Mots-clés : Reactor Zeolite Methylation Disproportionation Résumé : An array of zeolites varying in the channel structural design and acidity was investigated in toluene methylation with methanol, together with toluene disproportionation, using fluidized-bed and fixed-bed reactors. The conversions of toluene in the methylation and disproportionation reactions in the fixed-bed reactor were higher than those in the fluidized-bed reactor over the zeolite based catalysts at similar reaction conditions. The unique pore architecture of zeolite TNU-9, with 10-ring channel systems, being slightly larger zeolite compared with ZSM-5, can offer new opportunities for toluene disproportionation, as well as for toluene methylation. The medium pore zeolite TNU-9 was found to possess the highest conversion in toluene disproportionation as compared with other zeolite based catalysts under study. In toluene methylation, the highest toluene conversion was achieved with mordenite based catalyst (MOR-A), while the xylene selectivity follows the order: ZSM-5 > TNU-9 > MOR-A > SSZ-33 > MOR-B. This order indicates that xylene selectivity is directly related to the size of channels from medium to large pore zeolites. Using the fluidized bed, the apparent activation energies for toluene methylation follow the order: ZSM-5 (46.8 kJ/mol) > TNU-9 (33.9 kJ/mol) > MOR-B (13.9 kJ/mol) ≈ MOR-A (13.1 kJ/mol) > SSZ-33 (8.2 kJ/mol). DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=23944482

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