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Effects of O2 on characteristics of sulfur added to petroleum coke through reaction with SO2 / Eric A. Morris in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 49 N° 24 (Décembre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 49 N° 24 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 12709–12717 Titre : Effects of O2 on characteristics of sulfur added to petroleum coke through reaction with SO2 Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eric A. Morris, Auteur ; Charles Q. Jia, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 12709–12717 Note générale : Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Sulfur  petroleum  coke Résumé : Alberta oil-sands petroleum coke is an abundant byproduct of the upgrading of bitumen. The current study aims to improve the current understanding of sulfur added to the surface of petroleum coke through reaction with sulfur dioxide (SO2) and how this is affected by a large excess of oxygen (O2). Particular focus is given to the distribution and speciation of sulfur within the coke particles, as well as its thermal stability. Petroleum coke was activated in SO2 with and without O2 in a packed bed reactor at 600−800 °C. The activated cokes were characterized with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Cross-sectional analysis with EPMA of activated coke particles revealed that sulfur-rich coke particles (i.e., SIAC) could be produced with and without O2. Under low SO2 (3%), high O2 (18%) conditions, however, O2 competitively reacted with coke at 600 °C, and SO2 only reacted to form a sulfur-rich layer after O2 had been depleted. Analysis with XPS suggested that the sulfur-rich layer of the coke particles was made up of thiophene from the coke plus carbon−sulfur surface complexes, mainly heterocyclic sulfide and disulfide, while the presence of aliphatic sulfide, thiolactone, and thiol could not be ruled out. TGA and DSC analyses confirmed that sulfur added to activated coke via reaction with SO2 was not elemental in nature. In both N2 and air, sulfur added via high-temperature reaction with SO2 is more thermally stable than that of a commercial SIAC sulfurized at lower temperatures. This may have beneficial implications if these SO2 activated cokes were to be used to capture mercury, since they could be thermally regenerated with minimal loss of active sulfur surface sites while the captured mercury is collected, avoiding the costly and potentially problematic landfill disposal of Hg-containing activated carbon. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie101388q [article] Effects of O2 on characteristics of sulfur added to petroleum coke through reaction with SO2 [texte imprimé] / Eric A. Morris, Auteur ; Charles Q. Jia, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 12709–12717. Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 49 N° 24 (Décembre 2010) . - pp. 12709–12717 Mots-clés : Sulfur  petroleum  coke Résumé : Alberta oil-sands petroleum coke is an abundant byproduct of the upgrading of bitumen. The current study aims to improve the current understanding of sulfur added to the surface of petroleum coke through reaction with sulfur dioxide (SO2) and how this is affected by a large excess of oxygen (O2). Particular focus is given to the distribution and speciation of sulfur within the coke particles, as well as its thermal stability. Petroleum coke was activated in SO2 with and without O2 in a packed bed reactor at 600−800 °C. The activated cokes were characterized with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Cross-sectional analysis with EPMA of activated coke particles revealed that sulfur-rich coke particles (i.e., SIAC) could be produced with and without O2. Under low SO2 (3%), high O2 (18%) conditions, however, O2 competitively reacted with coke at 600 °C, and SO2 only reacted to form a sulfur-rich layer after O2 had been depleted. Analysis with XPS suggested that the sulfur-rich layer of the coke particles was made up of thiophene from the coke plus carbon−sulfur surface complexes, mainly heterocyclic sulfide and disulfide, while the presence of aliphatic sulfide, thiolactone, and thiol could not be ruled out. TGA and DSC analyses confirmed that sulfur added to activated coke via reaction with SO2 was not elemental in nature. In both N2 and air, sulfur added via high-temperature reaction with SO2 is more thermally stable than that of a commercial SIAC sulfurized at lower temperatures. This may have beneficial implications if these SO2 activated cokes were to be used to capture mercury, since they could be thermally regenerated with minimal loss of active sulfur surface sites while the captured mercury is collected, avoiding the costly and potentially problematic landfill disposal of Hg-containing activated carbon. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie101388q

Mercury removal from aqueous solution using coke-derived sulfur-impregnated activated carbons / Jenny H. Cai in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 49 N° 6 (Mars 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 49 N° 6 (Mars 2010) . - pp. 2716–2721 Titre : Mercury removal from aqueous solution using coke-derived sulfur-impregnated activated carbons Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jenny H. Cai, Auteur ; Charles Q. Jia, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp. 2716–2721 Note générale : Industrial Chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mercury  Removal;  Aqueous  Solution;  Coke-Derived;  Sulfur;  Impregnated;  Activated;  Carbons Résumé : Sulfur-impregnated activated carbons (SIACs) produced from oil-sands fluid coke by KOH−SO2 activation were applied to remove mercury ions from aqueous solutions. A pseudo-first-order rate expression can describe the Hg2+ adsorption behavior of SIACs produced in this study. The rate constants were found to be 0.01−0.102 min−1. The Hg2+ adsorption capacities of the examined SIACs ranged from 43 to 72 mg/g, which were comparable to those reported in the literature (35−100 mg/g) and that of a commercial SIAC (41 mg/g). The adsorption capacity increased with increasing specific surface area (SBET) of the SIACs, and a positive correlation was found between the SBET-normalized adsorption capacity and the total sulfur content of the SIACs. Elemental sulfur, disulfide, and thiophene seemed particularly effective in Hg2+ adsorption, as SIACs with these sulfur compounds showed higher adsorption capacities in general. Note de contenu : Bibiogr. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie901194r [article] Mercury removal from aqueous solution using coke-derived sulfur-impregnated activated carbons [texte imprimé] / Jenny H. Cai, Auteur ; Charles Q. Jia, Auteur . - 2010 . - pp. 2716–2721. Industrial Chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 49 N° 6 (Mars 2010) . - pp. 2716–2721 Mots-clés : Mercury  Removal;  Aqueous  Solution;  Coke-Derived;  Sulfur;  Impregnated;  Activated;  Carbons Résumé : Sulfur-impregnated activated carbons (SIACs) produced from oil-sands fluid coke by KOH−SO2 activation were applied to remove mercury ions from aqueous solutions. A pseudo-first-order rate expression can describe the Hg2+ adsorption behavior of SIACs produced in this study. The rate constants were found to be 0.01−0.102 min−1. The Hg2+ adsorption capacities of the examined SIACs ranged from 43 to 72 mg/g, which were comparable to those reported in the literature (35−100 mg/g) and that of a commercial SIAC (41 mg/g). The adsorption capacity increased with increasing specific surface area (SBET) of the SIACs, and a positive correlation was found between the SBET-normalized adsorption capacity and the total sulfur content of the SIACs. Elemental sulfur, disulfide, and thiophene seemed particularly effective in Hg2+ adsorption, as SIACs with these sulfur compounds showed higher adsorption capacities in general. Note de contenu : Bibiogr. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie901194r