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Continuous catalytic tar reforming of biomass derived raw gas with simultaneous catalyst regeneration / Fredrik Lind in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 50 N° 20 (Octobre 2011) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 20 (Octobre 2011) . - pp. 11553-11562 Titre : Continuous catalytic tar reforming of biomass derived raw gas with simultaneous catalyst regeneration Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Fredrik Lind, Auteur ; Martin Seemann, Auteur ; Henrik Thunman, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp. 11553-11562 Note générale : Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Catalyst  regeneration  Biomass  Reforming  Catalytic  reaction Résumé : A novel concept for secondary catalytic tar cleaning with simultaneous regeneration of the catalysts is presented in this work. The process is demonstrated by an initial experiment with producer gas from the Chalmers biomass gasifier using ilmenite (FeTiO3) as catalytic bed material. The tar cleaning system was operated at 800 °C and fed with raw gas from the Chalmers biomass gasifier, in which silica sand was used as bed material and the gasification was performed with steam. The tar content of the gas emerging from the gasifier was roughly 30 gtar/Nm3gas. The experiment showed that the catalyst was continuously regenerated from carbon deposits, and the ilmenite reduced the total amount of tar by 35% at a gas residence time in the bed of 0.4-0.5 s. Branched hydrocarbons and phenols were more or less completely reformed, while there was an increase of stable aromatic rings (benzene, naphthalene). The catalyst showed high activity in water-gas shift reactions, and the H2/CO ratio was shifted from around 0.7 prior to the reactor to almost 3 after the reactor. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24612378 [article] Continuous catalytic tar reforming of biomass derived raw gas with simultaneous catalyst regeneration [texte imprimé] / Fredrik Lind, Auteur ; Martin Seemann, Auteur ; Henrik Thunman, Auteur . - 2011 . - pp. 11553-11562. Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 50 N° 20 (Octobre 2011) . - pp. 11553-11562 Mots-clés : Catalyst  regeneration  Biomass  Reforming  Catalytic  reaction Résumé : A novel concept for secondary catalytic tar cleaning with simultaneous regeneration of the catalysts is presented in this work. The process is demonstrated by an initial experiment with producer gas from the Chalmers biomass gasifier using ilmenite (FeTiO3) as catalytic bed material. The tar cleaning system was operated at 800 °C and fed with raw gas from the Chalmers biomass gasifier, in which silica sand was used as bed material and the gasification was performed with steam. The tar content of the gas emerging from the gasifier was roughly 30 gtar/Nm3gas. The experiment showed that the catalyst was continuously regenerated from carbon deposits, and the ilmenite reduced the total amount of tar by 35% at a gas residence time in the bed of 0.4-0.5 s. Branched hydrocarbons and phenols were more or less completely reformed, while there was an increase of stable aromatic rings (benzene, naphthalene). The catalyst showed high activity in water-gas shift reactions, and the H2/CO ratio was shifted from around 0.7 prior to the reactor to almost 3 after the reactor. DEWEY : 660 ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=24612378

Use of nickel oxide as a catalyst for tar elimination in a chemical-looping reforming reactor operated with biomass producer gas / Nicolas Berguerand in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 51 N° 51 (Décembre 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 51 (Décembre 2012) . - pp. 16610–16616 Titre : Use of nickel oxide as a catalyst for tar elimination in a chemical-looping reforming reactor operated with biomass producer gas Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Nicolas Berguerand, Auteur ; Fredrik Lind, Auteur ; Mikael Israelsson, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 16610–16616 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Nickel  Oxide  Catalyst Résumé : A secondary tar-cleaning process based on chemical-looping reforming (CLR) was investigated for upgrading biomass producer gas, derived from the Chalmers University of Technology 2-4 MW indirect gasifier. The experiments were conducted in a bench-scale CLR reactor using a manufactured nickel oxide (NiO) catalyst. Although Ni is a well-documented and efficient steam-reforming catalyst, it is susceptible to rapid deactivation under tar-rich conditions. The aim of this study was to explore the advantages of CLR as a gas-cleaning application, a process which offers continuous regeneration of the carbon deposits on catalysts. The tar-reforming performance of this Ni material and its influence on the gas composition and in particular its potential to increase the H2/CO ratio, were studied. The system was tested at reforming temperatures that ranged from 700 to 880 °C and at oxygen concentrations of 1.0% and 2.2% in the inlet feed to regenerator section. The results confirm the strong ability of the catalyst to reform tars. Higher process temperatures clearly promoted tar conversion, with 96% overall conversion at 880 °C (99% if benzene is excluded), as compared with 45% conversion at 700 °C. The hydrogen production was favored when temperature was raised, though, a maximum ratio of H2/CO of 2.2 was observed at 750 °C. Finally, no time-on-stream deactivation of the catalyst in the CLR was observed during the test, which lasted almost 7 h. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3028262?mi=sxp600&af=R&pageSize=20&searchT [...] [article] Use of nickel oxide as a catalyst for tar elimination in a chemical-looping reforming reactor operated with biomass producer gas [texte imprimé] / Nicolas Berguerand, Auteur ; Fredrik Lind, Auteur ; Mikael Israelsson, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 16610–16616. Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 51 (Décembre 2012) . - pp. 16610–16616 Mots-clés : Nickel  Oxide  Catalyst Résumé : A secondary tar-cleaning process based on chemical-looping reforming (CLR) was investigated for upgrading biomass producer gas, derived from the Chalmers University of Technology 2-4 MW indirect gasifier. The experiments were conducted in a bench-scale CLR reactor using a manufactured nickel oxide (NiO) catalyst. Although Ni is a well-documented and efficient steam-reforming catalyst, it is susceptible to rapid deactivation under tar-rich conditions. The aim of this study was to explore the advantages of CLR as a gas-cleaning application, a process which offers continuous regeneration of the carbon deposits on catalysts. The tar-reforming performance of this Ni material and its influence on the gas composition and in particular its potential to increase the H2/CO ratio, were studied. The system was tested at reforming temperatures that ranged from 700 to 880 °C and at oxygen concentrations of 1.0% and 2.2% in the inlet feed to regenerator section. The results confirm the strong ability of the catalyst to reform tars. Higher process temperatures clearly promoted tar conversion, with 96% overall conversion at 880 °C (99% if benzene is excluded), as compared with 45% conversion at 700 °C. The hydrogen production was favored when temperature was raised, though, a maximum ratio of H2/CO of 2.2 was observed at 750 °C. Finally, no time-on-stream deactivation of the catalyst in the CLR was observed during the test, which lasted almost 7 h. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3028262?mi=sxp600&af=R&pageSize=20&searchT [...]