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Acidic/caustic alternating corrosion on carbon steel pipes in heat exchanger of ethylene plant / Y. Gong in Materials and corrosion, Vol. 62 N° 10 (Octobre 2011) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Materials and corrosion > Vol. 62 N° 10 (Octobre 2011) . - pp. 967–978 Titre : Acidic/caustic alternating corrosion on carbon steel pipes in heat exchanger of ethylene plant Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Y. Gong, Auteur ; C. Yang, Auteur ; C. Yao, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 967–978 Note générale : Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Acidic/caustic  alternating  corrosion  Carbon  steel  pipes  Caustic  embrittlement  Heat  exchanger  Pitting Résumé : Caustic embrittlement, a kind of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), is always encountered on materials under stresses amid caustic environment. Acidic corrosion is another familiar degradation on materials contacting acidic media. However, it has been seldom studied what effect would be resulted in on materials that are exposed to an acidic/caustic alternating environment. In this paper, failure events were discovered on the carbon steel pipes under such an alternating service condition due to frequent sharp fluctuations of the heat medium's (process water) pH values in a heat exchanger. What is more, even chloride ions and sulfur element were detected, i.e., pitting corrosion was involved as well. In order to identify the causes of the failure, matrix materials of the pipes were examined, failure defects on pipe surfaces were investigated, particularly the process water was thoroughly inspected via a series of characterization methods. Based on the analysis results, a novel four-level mechanism from microscopic scale to macroscopic scale was tentatively proposed to explain such an acidic/caustic alternating corrosion. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0947-5117 En ligne : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/maco.201005741/abstract [article] Acidic/caustic alternating corrosion on carbon steel pipes in heat exchanger of ethylene plant [texte imprimé] / Y. Gong, Auteur ; C. Yang, Auteur ; C. Yao, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 967–978. Génie Mécanique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Materials and corrosion > Vol. 62 N° 10 (Octobre 2011) . - pp. 967–978 Mots-clés : Acidic/caustic  alternating  corrosion  Carbon  steel  pipes  Caustic  embrittlement  Heat  exchanger  Pitting Résumé : Caustic embrittlement, a kind of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), is always encountered on materials under stresses amid caustic environment. Acidic corrosion is another familiar degradation on materials contacting acidic media. However, it has been seldom studied what effect would be resulted in on materials that are exposed to an acidic/caustic alternating environment. In this paper, failure events were discovered on the carbon steel pipes under such an alternating service condition due to frequent sharp fluctuations of the heat medium's (process water) pH values in a heat exchanger. What is more, even chloride ions and sulfur element were detected, i.e., pitting corrosion was involved as well. In order to identify the causes of the failure, matrix materials of the pipes were examined, failure defects on pipe surfaces were investigated, particularly the process water was thoroughly inspected via a series of characterization methods. Based on the analysis results, a novel four-level mechanism from microscopic scale to macroscopic scale was tentatively proposed to explain such an acidic/caustic alternating corrosion. DEWEY : 620.1 ISSN : 0947-5117 En ligne : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/maco.201005741/abstract

Exact solutions for a thermal nonequilibrium model of fluid saturated porous media based on an effective porosity / F. Kuwahara in Journal of heat transfer, Vol. 133 N° 11 (Novembre 2011) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 11 (Novembre 2011) . - pp. [112602/1-9] Titre : Exact solutions for a thermal nonequilibrium model of fluid saturated porous media based on an effective porosity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : F. Kuwahara, Auteur ; C. Yang, Auteur ; K. Ando, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. [112602/1-9] Note générale : Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Porous  media  Thermal  nonequilibrium  Aluminum  Metal  foam  Conductivity Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : An effective porosity concept has been introduced to account for the effects of tortuosity and thermal dispersion on the individual effective thermal conductivities of the solid and fluid phases in a fluid-saturated porous medium. Using this effective porosity concept, a thermal nonequilibrium model has been proposed to attack locally thermal nonequilibrium problems associated with convection within a fluid-saturated porous medium. Exact solutions are obtained, assuming a plug flow, for the two cases of thermally fully developed convective flows through a channel, namely, the case of isothermal hot and cold walls and the case of constant heat flux walls. These exact solutions for the cases of metal foam and air combination reveal that the local thermal equilibrium assumption may hold for the case of isothermal hot and cold walls, but may fail for the case of constant heat flux walls. DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JHTRAO000133000011 [...] [article] Exact solutions for a thermal nonequilibrium model of fluid saturated porous media based on an effective porosity [texte imprimé] / F. Kuwahara, Auteur ; C. Yang, Auteur ; K. Ando, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. [112602/1-9]. Physique Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of heat transfer > Vol. 133 N° 11 (Novembre 2011) . - pp. [112602/1-9] Mots-clés : Porous  media  Thermal  nonequilibrium  Aluminum  Metal  foam  Conductivity Index. décimale : 536 Chaleur. Thermodynamique Résumé : An effective porosity concept has been introduced to account for the effects of tortuosity and thermal dispersion on the individual effective thermal conductivities of the solid and fluid phases in a fluid-saturated porous medium. Using this effective porosity concept, a thermal nonequilibrium model has been proposed to attack locally thermal nonequilibrium problems associated with convection within a fluid-saturated porous medium. Exact solutions are obtained, assuming a plug flow, for the two cases of thermally fully developed convective flows through a channel, namely, the case of isothermal hot and cold walls and the case of constant heat flux walls. These exact solutions for the cases of metal foam and air combination reveal that the local thermal equilibrium assumption may hold for the case of isothermal hot and cold walls, but may fail for the case of constant heat flux walls. DEWEY : 536 ISSN : 0022-1481 En ligne : http://asmedl.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=JHTRAO000133000011 [...]