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HZSM-5 and HY zeolite catalyst performance in the pyrolysis of tires in a conical spouted bed reactor / Miriam Arabiourrutia in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 N°20 (Octobre 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N°20 (Octobre 2008) . - P. 7600-7609 Titre : HZSM-5 and HY zeolite catalyst performance in the pyrolysis of tires in a conical spouted bed reactor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Miriam Arabiourrutia, Editeur scientifique ; Martin Olazar, Editeur scientifique ; Roberto Aguado, Editeur scientifique Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : P. 7600-7609 Note générale : Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Zeolite  catalyst  HZSM-5  zeolite  catalyst  HY  zeolite Résumé : A study has been carried out on the in situ use of two catalysts (prepared based on HZSM-5 and HY zeolites) in the pyrolysis of tires in a conical spouted bed reactor at 425 and 500 °C. Both catalysts significantly affect the yields and composition obtained in thermal pyrolysis for the fractions corresponding to C1−C4 gases, nonaromatic C5−C10, aromatic C10−, and tar. The shape selectivity characteristic of each zeolite has a considerable influence on catalyst performance. The HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst produces an increase in the yield of gases, with an increase in the yield of propene and the same yield of butadiene as in thermal pyrolysis, in which it is already high. Concerning the liquid fraction, the catalysts give way to a decrease in the yield of d-limonene (the conical spouted bed reactor performs very well in thermal pyrolysis for this purpose), whereas the yield of BTX aromatics increases, with an increase in the yield of xylenes. A positive fact to be noted is the decrease in the formation of tar (C10+) compared to thermal pyrolysis. As the reaction occurs, a carbonaceous material is deposited on the catalyst, in which the following are identified: (i) carbon black externally coating the particles and deposited on the catalyst macropores and mesopores and (ii) coke deposited on zeolite micropores, due to hydrocarbon condensation activated by catalyst active sites. This condensation preferably takes place in the HY zeolite due to both the larger size of intersections between micropore channels and to greater hydrogen-transfer capacity. Nevertheless, under the reaction conditions tested (up to 10.87 g of tire treated/g of catalyst), product yields remain almost constant, which is evidence that the catalyst does not undergo deactivation. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800376d [article] HZSM-5 and HY zeolite catalyst performance in the pyrolysis of tires in a conical spouted bed reactor [texte imprimé] / Miriam Arabiourrutia, Editeur scientifique ; Martin Olazar, Editeur scientifique ; Roberto Aguado, Editeur scientifique . - 2008 . - P. 7600-7609. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N°20 (Octobre 2008) . - P. 7600-7609 Mots-clés : Zeolite  catalyst  HZSM-5  zeolite  catalyst  HY  zeolite Résumé : A study has been carried out on the in situ use of two catalysts (prepared based on HZSM-5 and HY zeolites) in the pyrolysis of tires in a conical spouted bed reactor at 425 and 500 °C. Both catalysts significantly affect the yields and composition obtained in thermal pyrolysis for the fractions corresponding to C1−C4 gases, nonaromatic C5−C10, aromatic C10−, and tar. The shape selectivity characteristic of each zeolite has a considerable influence on catalyst performance. The HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst produces an increase in the yield of gases, with an increase in the yield of propene and the same yield of butadiene as in thermal pyrolysis, in which it is already high. Concerning the liquid fraction, the catalysts give way to a decrease in the yield of d-limonene (the conical spouted bed reactor performs very well in thermal pyrolysis for this purpose), whereas the yield of BTX aromatics increases, with an increase in the yield of xylenes. A positive fact to be noted is the decrease in the formation of tar (C10+) compared to thermal pyrolysis. As the reaction occurs, a carbonaceous material is deposited on the catalyst, in which the following are identified: (i) carbon black externally coating the particles and deposited on the catalyst macropores and mesopores and (ii) coke deposited on zeolite micropores, due to hydrocarbon condensation activated by catalyst active sites. This condensation preferably takes place in the HY zeolite due to both the larger size of intersections between micropore channels and to greater hydrogen-transfer capacity. Nevertheless, under the reaction conditions tested (up to 10.87 g of tire treated/g of catalyst), product yields remain almost constant, which is evidence that the catalyst does not undergo deactivation. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800376d

Vacuum pyrolysis of waste tires by continuously feeding into a conical spouted bed reactor / Gartzen Lopez in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 49 N° 19 (Octobre 2010) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 49 N° 19 (Octobre 2010) . - pp. 8990–8997 Titre : Vacuum pyrolysis of waste tires by continuously feeding into a conical spouted bed reactor Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Gartzen Lopez, Auteur ; Martin Olazar, Auteur ; Roberto Aguado, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp. 8990–8997 Note générale : Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pyrolysis  Waste  tires Résumé : The continuous pyrolysis of waste tires under vacuum conditions (25 and 50 kPa) has been studied in a pilot plant equipped with a conical spouted bed reactor and operating with continuous feed at 425 and 500 °C. The effects of vacuum on product distribution and properties have been studied. The main effect of vacuum is an increase in the diesel fraction yield of the liquid product. A remarkable yield of isoprene has been obtained operating under vacuum, reaching yields of higher than 7 wt %. Moreover, a positive effect on the quality of the residual carbon black has been observed, given that a decrease in pore blockage gives way to higher surface areas of the carbon blacks obtained. The results show that vacuum operation does not limit the good perspectives for waste tire valorization by pyrolysis in a conical spouted bed, and energy requirements for heating the inert gas and the condensation section are significantly reduced. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie1000604 [article] Vacuum pyrolysis of waste tires by continuously feeding into a conical spouted bed reactor [texte imprimé] / Gartzen Lopez, Auteur ; Martin Olazar, Auteur ; Roberto Aguado, Auteur . - 2010 . - pp. 8990–8997. Chimie industrielle Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 49 N° 19 (Octobre 2010) . - pp. 8990–8997 Mots-clés : Pyrolysis  Waste  tires Résumé : The continuous pyrolysis of waste tires under vacuum conditions (25 and 50 kPa) has been studied in a pilot plant equipped with a conical spouted bed reactor and operating with continuous feed at 425 and 500 °C. The effects of vacuum on product distribution and properties have been studied. The main effect of vacuum is an increase in the diesel fraction yield of the liquid product. A remarkable yield of isoprene has been obtained operating under vacuum, reaching yields of higher than 7 wt %. Moreover, a positive effect on the quality of the residual carbon black has been observed, given that a decrease in pore blockage gives way to higher surface areas of the carbon blacks obtained. The results show that vacuum operation does not limit the good perspectives for waste tire valorization by pyrolysis in a conical spouted bed, and energy requirements for heating the inert gas and the condensation section are significantly reduced. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie1000604