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Esterification of acetic acid with n - hexanol in batch and continuous chromatographic reactors using a gelular ion - exchange resin as a catalyst / Dipesh Patel in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 51 N° 37 (Septembre 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 37 (Septembre 2012) . - pp. 11965–11974 Titre : Esterification of acetic acid with n - hexanol in batch and continuous chromatographic reactors using a gelular ion - exchange resin as a catalyst Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dipesh Patel, Auteur ; Basudeb Saha, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp. 11965–11974 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ion  exchange  Catalyst Résumé : Heterogeneously catalyzed esterification reactions of acetic acid and n-hexanol were studied in batch and continuous chromatographic reactors in the presence of a gelular ion-exchange resin catalyst (Purolite CT-124) to synthesize a value added ester, namely n-hexyl acetate. A laboratory scale batch chromatographic reactor column (BCRC) was designed and constructed. BCRC experiments were carried out using different parameters such as feed flow rate, feed mole ratio (FMR) of n-hexanol to acetic acid, desorbent (n-hexanol) flow rate, and reaction step time to maximize the formation of n-hexyl acetate as well as to achieve complete conversion of acetic acid. Samples were collected from the chromatographic reactor column (CRC) outlet at regular intervals and were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The continuous chromatographic reactor column (CCRC) was designed, constructed, and commissioned on the basis of the results obtained from the BCRC experiments. The experiments carried out in a CCRC correlate very well with the results obtained from the optimized reaction condition in a BCRC for maximum formation of n-hexyl acetate and complete conversion of acetic acid. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3007424 [article] Esterification of acetic acid with n - hexanol in batch and continuous chromatographic reactors using a gelular ion - exchange resin as a catalyst [texte imprimé] / Dipesh Patel, Auteur ; Basudeb Saha, Auteur . - 2012 . - pp. 11965–11974. Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 37 (Septembre 2012) . - pp. 11965–11974 Mots-clés : Ion  exchange  Catalyst Résumé : Heterogeneously catalyzed esterification reactions of acetic acid and n-hexanol were studied in batch and continuous chromatographic reactors in the presence of a gelular ion-exchange resin catalyst (Purolite CT-124) to synthesize a value added ester, namely n-hexyl acetate. A laboratory scale batch chromatographic reactor column (BCRC) was designed and constructed. BCRC experiments were carried out using different parameters such as feed flow rate, feed mole ratio (FMR) of n-hexanol to acetic acid, desorbent (n-hexanol) flow rate, and reaction step time to maximize the formation of n-hexyl acetate as well as to achieve complete conversion of acetic acid. Samples were collected from the chromatographic reactor column (CRC) outlet at regular intervals and were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The continuous chromatographic reactor column (CCRC) was designed, constructed, and commissioned on the basis of the results obtained from the BCRC experiments. The experiments carried out in a CCRC correlate very well with the results obtained from the optimized reaction condition in a BCRC for maximum formation of n-hexyl acetate and complete conversion of acetic acid. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie3007424

Esterification of free fatty acids in used cooking oil using ion-exchange resins as catalysts / Sumaiya Zainal Abidin in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 51 N° 45 (Novembre 2012) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 45 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14653-14664 Titre : Esterification of free fatty acids in used cooking oil using ion-exchange resins as catalysts : An efficient pretreatment method for biodiesel feedstock Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Sumaiya Zainal Abidin, Auteur ; Kathleen F. Haigh, Auteur ; Basudeb Saha, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 14653-14664 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pretreatment  Catalyst  Esterification Résumé : The esterification of used cooking oil (UCO) with methanol was studied using different types of ion-exchange resins, that is, Purolite D5081, Purolite D5082, and Amberlyst 36. Several catalyst characterization analyses (elemental analysis, surface area measurement, particle size distribution analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, true density measurement, and acid capacity analysis) have been conducted in the screening stage. Of all of the catalysts investigated, Purolite D5081 resin showed the best catalytic performance and was selected for further experimental studies. The esterification process was carried out in a jacketed stirred batch reactor for 8 h. Elimination of mass transfer resistances and the effect of catalyst loading (0.5―1.5% w/w), reaction temperature (50―65 °C), and methanol to UCO feed mole ratio (4:1—12:1) on the conversion of FFAs were investigated. The highest FFAs conversion was found to be 92%, at a catalyst loading of 1.25% w/w, 60 °C reaction temperature, 6:1 methanol to UCO molar ratio, and stirring speed of 475 rpm. During the reusability study, the conversion of catalyst dropped by 8―10% after each reutilization cycle. Several experiments have been conducted through the homogeneous contribution study, and the results confirmed that both resin pore blockage and sulfur leaching are dominant factors that decrease the catalytic performance of Purolite D5081 ion-exchange resin. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26620378 [article] Esterification of free fatty acids in used cooking oil using ion-exchange resins as catalysts : An efficient pretreatment method for biodiesel feedstock [texte imprimé] / Sumaiya Zainal Abidin, Auteur ; Kathleen F. Haigh, Auteur ; Basudeb Saha, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 14653-14664. Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 51 N° 45 (Novembre 2012) . - pp. 14653-14664 Mots-clés : Pretreatment  Catalyst  Esterification Résumé : The esterification of used cooking oil (UCO) with methanol was studied using different types of ion-exchange resins, that is, Purolite D5081, Purolite D5082, and Amberlyst 36. Several catalyst characterization analyses (elemental analysis, surface area measurement, particle size distribution analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis, true density measurement, and acid capacity analysis) have been conducted in the screening stage. Of all of the catalysts investigated, Purolite D5081 resin showed the best catalytic performance and was selected for further experimental studies. The esterification process was carried out in a jacketed stirred batch reactor for 8 h. Elimination of mass transfer resistances and the effect of catalyst loading (0.5―1.5% w/w), reaction temperature (50―65 °C), and methanol to UCO feed mole ratio (4:1—12:1) on the conversion of FFAs were investigated. The highest FFAs conversion was found to be 92%, at a catalyst loading of 1.25% w/w, 60 °C reaction temperature, 6:1 methanol to UCO molar ratio, and stirring speed of 475 rpm. During the reusability study, the conversion of catalyst dropped by 8―10% after each reutilization cycle. Several experiments have been conducted through the homogeneous contribution study, and the results confirmed that both resin pore blockage and sulfur leaching are dominant factors that decrease the catalytic performance of Purolite D5081 ion-exchange resin. ISSN : 0888-5885 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=26620378