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Chemical diversity of lippia multiflora essential oils from west Africa / H. Rodolfo Juliani in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 20 N°1 (Janvier/Fevrier 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 20 N°1 (Janvier/Fevrier 2008) . - pp. 49-55 Titre : Chemical diversity of lippia multiflora essential oils from west Africa Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : H. Rodolfo Juliani, Auteur ; James E. Simon, Auteur ; Charles Quansah, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp. 49-55 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Lippia  multiflora  Verbenaceae  Essential  oil  composition  Sabinene  p-cymene  Limonene  1,8-cineole  Linalool  Thymol  Thymyl  acetate  (E)—β-farnesene  Germacrene  D  (E,  E)-farnesol  Chemotype Résumé : The essential oil content, composition and the physicochemical properties of Lippia multiflora leaves from twelve different regions in Ghana were characterized in this study. The Ghanaian oils showed a significant variability in their chemical composition and five chemotypes were identified. The oil from Aframso Bridge was yellow with a refractive index (RI) of 1.4853, density (DE) of 0.894 and was dominated by linalool (29%) and germacrene D (28%) with fresh, and slightly medicinal and spicy aroma. Ghanaian samples from Seikwa, Buem Nsuta and Golokwati were characterized by high levels of sesquiterpenes (45–70%). The aroma was medicinal/herbaceous and the color was typically yellow, except the oil from Seikwa which was dark orange-yellow, RI ranging from 1.4920 to 1.5043 and DE 0.893 to 0.93 D. The oils from Nyankpala, Sari, Amantin, Atebubu and Kobre contained high levels of aromatic monoterpenes (p-cymene 14–19%, thymol 30–40%, and thymyl acetate 14–17%). The oils were characterized as spicy and the color ranged from dark yellow (Nyankpala, Sari and Kobre) to yellow (Atebubu and Amantin) (RI 1.4969 to 1.5020, DE 0.9207 to 0.9344). The oil from Ho showed lower levels of aromatic monoterpenes and higher levels of farnesol, the oil was yellow and aroma woody/camphoraceous (1.492 RI, 0.893 D). In contrast, oils from Nsawkaw and Kofiase-Kubesiase were composed of high amounts of 1,8-cineole (43–47%), sabinene (12–15%, respectively), and were light yellow (RI 1.4695 to 1.4712, DE 0.8995 to 0.9002). A cluster analysis was performed for comparison and characterization of L. multiflora oils from Ghana other 33 oils from 10 African countries. The oils from Ghana with these five chemotypes appeared to be the most diverse oils in Sub-Saharan Africa. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10412905.2008.9699420 [article] Chemical diversity of lippia multiflora essential oils from west Africa [texte imprimé] / H. Rodolfo Juliani, Auteur ; James E. Simon, Auteur ; Charles Quansah, Auteur . - 2008 . - pp. 49-55. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 20 N°1 (Janvier/Fevrier 2008) . - pp. 49-55 Mots-clés : Lippia  multiflora  Verbenaceae  Essential  oil  composition  Sabinene  p-cymene  Limonene  1,8-cineole  Linalool  Thymol  Thymyl  acetate  (E)—β-farnesene  Germacrene  D  (E,  E)-farnesol  Chemotype Résumé : The essential oil content, composition and the physicochemical properties of Lippia multiflora leaves from twelve different regions in Ghana were characterized in this study. The Ghanaian oils showed a significant variability in their chemical composition and five chemotypes were identified. The oil from Aframso Bridge was yellow with a refractive index (RI) of 1.4853, density (DE) of 0.894 and was dominated by linalool (29%) and germacrene D (28%) with fresh, and slightly medicinal and spicy aroma. Ghanaian samples from Seikwa, Buem Nsuta and Golokwati were characterized by high levels of sesquiterpenes (45–70%). The aroma was medicinal/herbaceous and the color was typically yellow, except the oil from Seikwa which was dark orange-yellow, RI ranging from 1.4920 to 1.5043 and DE 0.893 to 0.93 D. The oils from Nyankpala, Sari, Amantin, Atebubu and Kobre contained high levels of aromatic monoterpenes (p-cymene 14–19%, thymol 30–40%, and thymyl acetate 14–17%). The oils were characterized as spicy and the color ranged from dark yellow (Nyankpala, Sari and Kobre) to yellow (Atebubu and Amantin) (RI 1.4969 to 1.5020, DE 0.9207 to 0.9344). The oil from Ho showed lower levels of aromatic monoterpenes and higher levels of farnesol, the oil was yellow and aroma woody/camphoraceous (1.492 RI, 0.893 D). In contrast, oils from Nsawkaw and Kofiase-Kubesiase were composed of high amounts of 1,8-cineole (43–47%), sabinene (12–15%, respectively), and were light yellow (RI 1.4695 to 1.4712, DE 0.8995 to 0.9002). A cluster analysis was performed for comparison and characterization of L. multiflora oils from Ghana other 33 oils from 10 African countries. The oils from Ghana with these five chemotypes appeared to be the most diverse oils in Sub-Saharan Africa. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10412905.2008.9699420

Quality of geranium oils (Pelargonium Species) / H. Rodolfo Juliani in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 18 N° Spécial (Juillet 2006) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 18 N° Spécial (Juillet 2006) . - pp. 116-121 Titre : Quality of geranium oils (Pelargonium Species) : Case studies in southern and Eastern Africa Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : H. Rodolfo Juliani, Auteur ; Adolfina Koroch, Auteur ; James E. Simon, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp. 116-121 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pelargonium  sp  Geraniaceae  Geranium  Essential  oil  composition  Citronellol  Geraniol  Linalool  Organoleptic  profile  Germplasm Résumé : As several sub-Saharan African countries are entering into the commercial production of geranium essential oils, this work sought to characterize the oil quality of Pelargonium sp. based on organoleptic, physicochemical and chemical properties from different Southern and East African countries to highlight the importance of germplasm selection in the commercial production of oils and to develop base-line yield information. In 2002, Rwanda began to rebuild their essential oil industry, and locally available Pelargonium cultivars were introduced into cultivation trials. The organoleptic evaluation and chemical profile (citronellol 13%, linalool 18% and geraniol 35%) showed that these oils were not suitable for international markets, but may have an important role in domestic markets. In an effort to upgrade the essential oil industry to higher standards, new geranium plantlets of the Bourbon type were obtained from South Africa and distributed to several sites in Southern and Eastern Africa. The newly introduced cultivar yielded essential oils with a suitable organoleptic and chemical profile (citronellol 31%, linalool 3% and geraniol 7%). In Zambia, a commercial grower was also producing geranium oils that were later deemed not suitable for international markets. While in Madagascar, a country with a long history of producing geranium in small land units by many small-scale commercial farmers, those samples analyzed in this study were found to produce high quality oil similar to the Bourbon type. These results clearly demonstrate that the selection and introduction of a specific strain or chemotype with the acceptable organoleptic and chemical profiles are among the key factors needed to obtain high quality essential oils that will meet international expectations and standards, prerequisites for the successful establishment and sustainability of an essential oil targeted for the global trade. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=18019093 [article] Quality of geranium oils (Pelargonium Species) : Case studies in southern and Eastern Africa [texte imprimé] / H. Rodolfo Juliani, Auteur ; Adolfina Koroch, Auteur ; James E. Simon, Auteur . - 2013 . - pp. 116-121. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 18 N° Spécial (Juillet 2006) . - pp. 116-121 Mots-clés : Pelargonium  sp  Geraniaceae  Geranium  Essential  oil  composition  Citronellol  Geraniol  Linalool  Organoleptic  profile  Germplasm Résumé : As several sub-Saharan African countries are entering into the commercial production of geranium essential oils, this work sought to characterize the oil quality of Pelargonium sp. based on organoleptic, physicochemical and chemical properties from different Southern and East African countries to highlight the importance of germplasm selection in the commercial production of oils and to develop base-line yield information. In 2002, Rwanda began to rebuild their essential oil industry, and locally available Pelargonium cultivars were introduced into cultivation trials. The organoleptic evaluation and chemical profile (citronellol 13%, linalool 18% and geraniol 35%) showed that these oils were not suitable for international markets, but may have an important role in domestic markets. In an effort to upgrade the essential oil industry to higher standards, new geranium plantlets of the Bourbon type were obtained from South Africa and distributed to several sites in Southern and Eastern Africa. The newly introduced cultivar yielded essential oils with a suitable organoleptic and chemical profile (citronellol 31%, linalool 3% and geraniol 7%). In Zambia, a commercial grower was also producing geranium oils that were later deemed not suitable for international markets. While in Madagascar, a country with a long history of producing geranium in small land units by many small-scale commercial farmers, those samples analyzed in this study were found to produce high quality oil similar to the Bourbon type. These results clearly demonstrate that the selection and introduction of a specific strain or chemotype with the acceptable organoleptic and chemical profiles are among the key factors needed to obtain high quality essential oils that will meet international expectations and standards, prerequisites for the successful establishment and sustainability of an essential oil targeted for the global trade. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=18019093

Terpenoid essential oil metabolism in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) following elicitation / Cícero Deschamps in The journal of essential oil research, Vol. 18 N° 6 (Novembre-Décembre 2006) 

Public ISBD [article]  in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 18 N° 6 (Novembre-Décembre 2006) . - pp. 618-621 Titre : Terpenoid essential oil metabolism in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) following elicitation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Cícero Deschamps, Auteur ; James E. Simon, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp. 618-621 Note générale : Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Ocimum  basilicum  Lamiaceae  Essential  oil  composition  Elicitors  Chitosan  Methyl  salicylate  Methyl  jasmonate Résumé : The induction of terpenoid biosynthesis has been observed in many plant species. The accumulation of the ter-penoid essential oils in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) following elicitors treatment was investigated in this work. Plants that exhibited the same stage of development after approximately two weeks in a hydroponic system were selected for treatment with the elicitors chitosan, methyl jasmonate and methyl salicylate. Following elicitation, plants were manually collected and the remaining non-harvested plants were collected after 72 h, 96 h, 144 h and 192 h. The time-course of terpenoid accumulation showed signifcant higher levels of the sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene and the monoterpenes linalool, 1,8-cineole and limonene. Treatment of plants with chitosan resulted in no induction of the monoterpene limonene and the response on concentration of the other terpenoids was more varied compared to methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate. Elicitation with methyl jasmonate required the longest time period (192 h after initiation of treatment) to show a signifcant increase in terpenoid production and also resulted in the most uniform response in biosynthesis comparing to the other elicitors. Induction by methyl salicylate occurred in a shorter time frame compared with the other elicitors. The total percentage increase of terpenes at the end of the experiment with respect to the beginning showed a lower effect on methyl salicylate and chitosan treated plants. Methyl jasmonate was the only elicitor that resulted in total percentage increase of β-caryophyllene, 1,8-cinelole, linalool and limonene. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10412905.2006.9699183#.UXKQUUqC5mM [article] Terpenoid essential oil metabolism in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) following elicitation [texte imprimé] / Cícero Deschamps, Auteur ; James E. Simon, Auteur . - 2006 . - pp. 618-621. Génie Chimique Langues : Anglais (eng) in The journal of essential oil research > Vol. 18 N° 6 (Novembre-Décembre 2006) . - pp. 618-621 Mots-clés : Ocimum  basilicum  Lamiaceae  Essential  oil  composition  Elicitors  Chitosan  Methyl  salicylate  Methyl  jasmonate Résumé : The induction of terpenoid biosynthesis has been observed in many plant species. The accumulation of the ter-penoid essential oils in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) following elicitors treatment was investigated in this work. Plants that exhibited the same stage of development after approximately two weeks in a hydroponic system were selected for treatment with the elicitors chitosan, methyl jasmonate and methyl salicylate. Following elicitation, plants were manually collected and the remaining non-harvested plants were collected after 72 h, 96 h, 144 h and 192 h. The time-course of terpenoid accumulation showed signifcant higher levels of the sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene and the monoterpenes linalool, 1,8-cineole and limonene. Treatment of plants with chitosan resulted in no induction of the monoterpene limonene and the response on concentration of the other terpenoids was more varied compared to methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate. Elicitation with methyl jasmonate required the longest time period (192 h after initiation of treatment) to show a signifcant increase in terpenoid production and also resulted in the most uniform response in biosynthesis comparing to the other elicitors. Induction by methyl salicylate occurred in a shorter time frame compared with the other elicitors. The total percentage increase of terpenes at the end of the experiment with respect to the beginning showed a lower effect on methyl salicylate and chitosan treated plants. Methyl jasmonate was the only elicitor that resulted in total percentage increase of β-caryophyllene, 1,8-cinelole, linalool and limonene. ISSN : 1041-2905 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10412905.2006.9699183#.UXKQUUqC5mM