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Catalytic wet oxidation of lactose / Yah Nan Chia in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 n°12 (Juin 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°12 (Juin 2008) . - p. 4049–4055 Titre : Catalytic wet oxidation of lactose Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yah Nan Chia, Auteur ; Michael P. Latusek, Auteur ; Joseph H. Holles, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 4049–4055 Note générale : Bibliogr. p. 4054-4055 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Lactose  --  catalytic  wet  oxidation;  BiPd/C  catalyst Résumé : The catalytic wet oxidation of lactose to carbon dioxide/water and to a value-added product, lactobionic acid, has been demonstrated in a flow reactor. Lactose (milk sugar) is a low value byproduct of the dairy industry and makes up the largest part of the solids in cheese whey. Costs associated with cheese whey disposal are driving the need to develop alternative disposal methods. Pt/Al2O3, CeMn mixed-metal oxides, and Pt/CeMn catalysts have all been shown to effectively convert lactose to carbon dioxide and water at temperatures up to 443 K and pressures of 100 psig. Pt/CeMn demonstrated the lowest level of side-product formation. A BiPd/C catalyst was shown to convert essentially all lactose to lactobionic acid at similar temperature and pressure. Lactobionic acid selectivity was a strong function of oxygen concentration in the feed. The BiPd/C also produced a high yield of lactobionic acid at lower pH and higher temperatures than previously reported. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie701779u [article] Catalytic wet oxidation of lactose [texte imprimé] / Yah Nan Chia, Auteur ; Michael P. Latusek, Auteur ; Joseph H. Holles, Auteur . - 2008 . - p. 4049–4055. Bibliogr. p. 4054-4055 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°12 (Juin 2008) . - p. 4049–4055 Mots-clés : Lactose  --  catalytic  wet  oxidation;  BiPd/C  catalyst Résumé : The catalytic wet oxidation of lactose to carbon dioxide/water and to a value-added product, lactobionic acid, has been demonstrated in a flow reactor. Lactose (milk sugar) is a low value byproduct of the dairy industry and makes up the largest part of the solids in cheese whey. Costs associated with cheese whey disposal are driving the need to develop alternative disposal methods. Pt/Al2O3, CeMn mixed-metal oxides, and Pt/CeMn catalysts have all been shown to effectively convert lactose to carbon dioxide and water at temperatures up to 443 K and pressures of 100 psig. Pt/CeMn demonstrated the lowest level of side-product formation. A BiPd/C catalyst was shown to convert essentially all lactose to lactobionic acid at similar temperature and pressure. Lactobionic acid selectivity was a strong function of oxygen concentration in the feed. The BiPd/C also produced a high yield of lactobionic acid at lower pH and higher temperatures than previously reported. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie701779u

Using life cycle assessment to guide catalysis research / Peter A. Holman in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 48 N° 14 (Juillet 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 48 N° 14 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 6668–6674 Titre : Using life cycle assessment to guide catalysis research Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Peter A. Holman, Auteur ; David R. Shonnard, Auteur ; Joseph H. Holles, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 6668–6674 Note générale : Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Life  cycle  assessment  Catalyst  development  Acrylic  acid  Eco-indicator  99  method Résumé : The use of life cycle assessment (LCA) as a tool to guide catalyst development is demonstrated by comparing the environmental impact of acrylic acid production from propylene, the current commercial feedstock, to propane as an alternate feedstock. Acrylic acid is currently produced in a two-step process from propylene. Because of its lower cost, propane is an attractive alternative to propylene; however, no catalysts are currently available that can compete with the high yield of the propylene process. The LCA was performed using SimaPro, and impact assessment was determined using the Eco-Indicator 99 method. A comparison of the two feedstocks at the 87% yield of the current commercial propylene process demonstrated that switching to propane would decrease the environmental impact of the process by 20%. Determination of environmental impact as the yield from the potential propane process was varied predicts that, at yields exceeding 6%, the propane process will have a lower environmental impact than the current propylene process. By focusing on particular categories such as fossil fuels or climate change, the propane process will have a lower impact for yields exceeding 15 and 33%, respectively. The current catalyst yield of up to 48% for the propane process exceeds these values. If reaction and waste gas heat are converted to electricity instead of steam, yields in excess of 61% will result in a lower total impact for the propane process. On the basis of raw material costs, the economic break-even point for the propane process is 59% yield. The similar yields of ∼60% from propane required by economics and for a lower environmental impact represents a factor of 1.25 increase in yield over the current state-of-the-art propane catalyst compared to a factor of 1.81 increase in yield required to equal the current propylene yield. Thus, the proposed propane process may be much closer to viability than previously realized. This analysis provides an example of how LCA can compare chemical production from two different feedstocks, even if a catalyst for the reaction of interest has not been designed. The LCA analysis can also be used to determine target goals for catalysis research. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie801934s [article] Using life cycle assessment to guide catalysis research [texte imprimé] / Peter A. Holman, Auteur ; David R. Shonnard, Auteur ; Joseph H. Holles, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 6668–6674. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 48 N° 14 (Juillet 2009) . - pp. 6668–6674 Mots-clés : Life  cycle  assessment  Catalyst  development  Acrylic  acid  Eco-indicator  99  method Résumé : The use of life cycle assessment (LCA) as a tool to guide catalyst development is demonstrated by comparing the environmental impact of acrylic acid production from propylene, the current commercial feedstock, to propane as an alternate feedstock. Acrylic acid is currently produced in a two-step process from propylene. Because of its lower cost, propane is an attractive alternative to propylene; however, no catalysts are currently available that can compete with the high yield of the propylene process. The LCA was performed using SimaPro, and impact assessment was determined using the Eco-Indicator 99 method. A comparison of the two feedstocks at the 87% yield of the current commercial propylene process demonstrated that switching to propane would decrease the environmental impact of the process by 20%. Determination of environmental impact as the yield from the potential propane process was varied predicts that, at yields exceeding 6%, the propane process will have a lower environmental impact than the current propylene process. By focusing on particular categories such as fossil fuels or climate change, the propane process will have a lower impact for yields exceeding 15 and 33%, respectively. The current catalyst yield of up to 48% for the propane process exceeds these values. If reaction and waste gas heat are converted to electricity instead of steam, yields in excess of 61% will result in a lower total impact for the propane process. On the basis of raw material costs, the economic break-even point for the propane process is 59% yield. The similar yields of ∼60% from propane required by economics and for a lower environmental impact represents a factor of 1.25 increase in yield over the current state-of-the-art propane catalyst compared to a factor of 1.81 increase in yield required to equal the current propylene yield. Thus, the proposed propane process may be much closer to viability than previously realized. This analysis provides an example of how LCA can compare chemical production from two different feedstocks, even if a catalyst for the reaction of interest has not been designed. The LCA analysis can also be used to determine target goals for catalysis research. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie801934s