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Dehydrogenation of alcohol mixtures to esters and ketones / F. H. A. Bolder in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 N°19 (Octobre 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N°19 (Octobre 2008) . - p. 7496–7500 Titre : Dehydrogenation of alcohol mixtures to esters and ketones Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : F. H. A. Bolder, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 7496–7500 Note générale : Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fischer-Tropsch  synthesis  Alcohol  fractions--dehydrogenation  Oxygenated  compounds Résumé : Fischer-Tropsch synthesis produces, among other things, complex mixtures of oxygenated compounds, such as primary and secondary alcohols, which are difficult to separate. The dehydrogenation of alcohol fractions in the C3 and C4 alcohol boiling ranges was investigated to determine whether the process would be suitable to produce different types of oxygenated compounds (esters and ketones), which could find application as solvents. The reaction was conducted in the presence of a Cu/Zn/Al2O3 catalyst in a pilot-plant-scale reactor in the temperature ranges of 219-278 °C with the propanol-rich feed and 219-300 °C with the butanol-rich feed (and at atmospheric pressure). The reaction products consisted of esters, ketones, and aldehydes (in decreasing order). The ester yield passed through a maximum with increasing temperature, as a result of secondary reactions, whereas the yield of ketones increased continually with temperature. The activity of the catalyst decreased by ∼15% over a period of 92 days. The selectivity of propyl propanoate, which is the main ester produced from the propanol feed mixture, decreased with time, while the yield of the ketones increased slightly. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800667p [article] Dehydrogenation of alcohol mixtures to esters and ketones [texte imprimé] / F. H. A. Bolder, Auteur . - 2008 . - p. 7496–7500. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N°19 (Octobre 2008) . - p. 7496–7500 Mots-clés : Fischer-Tropsch  synthesis  Alcohol  fractions--dehydrogenation  Oxygenated  compounds Résumé : Fischer-Tropsch synthesis produces, among other things, complex mixtures of oxygenated compounds, such as primary and secondary alcohols, which are difficult to separate. The dehydrogenation of alcohol fractions in the C3 and C4 alcohol boiling ranges was investigated to determine whether the process would be suitable to produce different types of oxygenated compounds (esters and ketones), which could find application as solvents. The reaction was conducted in the presence of a Cu/Zn/Al2O3 catalyst in a pilot-plant-scale reactor in the temperature ranges of 219-278 °C with the propanol-rich feed and 219-300 °C with the butanol-rich feed (and at atmospheric pressure). The reaction products consisted of esters, ketones, and aldehydes (in decreasing order). The ester yield passed through a maximum with increasing temperature, as a result of secondary reactions, whereas the yield of ketones increased continually with temperature. The activity of the catalyst decreased by ∼15% over a period of 92 days. The selectivity of propyl propanoate, which is the main ester produced from the propanol feed mixture, decreased with time, while the yield of the ketones increased slightly. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800667p

Hydrogenation of oxidized wax and a process to produce olefins from paraffins by autoxidation, selective hydrogenation, and dehydration / F. H. A. Bolder in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 48 N° 8 (Avril 2009) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 48 N° 8 (Avril 2009) . - pp. 3755–3760 Titre : Hydrogenation of oxidized wax and a process to produce olefins from paraffins by autoxidation, selective hydrogenation, and dehydration Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : F. H. A. Bolder, Auteur ; A. de Klerk, Auteur ; J. L. Visagie, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp. 3755–3760 Note générale : Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Oxidized  wax  Hydrogenation Résumé : Hydrogenation of oxidized wax to produce an oxidized wax enriched in sec-alcohols was investigated experimentally. Hydrogenation over copper chromite catalysts resulted in an alcohol yield of 50−55% at 180−190 °C, 10 MPa of hydrogen pressure, and liquid hourly space velocity of 0.4 h−1. Hydrogenation at temperatures above 200 °C resulted in significant overhydrogenation of the oxidized wax to paraffins. Copper chromite catalysts were also found to be active for the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols. The combination of copper chromite with Ru/C increased carboxylic acid conversion, but did not improve the overall alcohol yield. The results from the experimental work were employed in conjunction with previous studies to propose a process for the production of olefins from paraffins by autoxidation, selective hydrogenation, and alcohol dehydration. All of these processing steps can be performed at <300 °C. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie8018092 [article] Hydrogenation of oxidized wax and a process to produce olefins from paraffins by autoxidation, selective hydrogenation, and dehydration [texte imprimé] / F. H. A. Bolder, Auteur ; A. de Klerk, Auteur ; J. L. Visagie, Auteur . - 2009 . - pp. 3755–3760. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 48 N° 8 (Avril 2009) . - pp. 3755–3760 Mots-clés : Oxidized  wax  Hydrogenation Résumé : Hydrogenation of oxidized wax to produce an oxidized wax enriched in sec-alcohols was investigated experimentally. Hydrogenation over copper chromite catalysts resulted in an alcohol yield of 50−55% at 180−190 °C, 10 MPa of hydrogen pressure, and liquid hourly space velocity of 0.4 h−1. Hydrogenation at temperatures above 200 °C resulted in significant overhydrogenation of the oxidized wax to paraffins. Copper chromite catalysts were also found to be active for the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols. The combination of copper chromite with Ru/C increased carboxylic acid conversion, but did not improve the overall alcohol yield. The results from the experimental work were employed in conjunction with previous studies to propose a process for the production of olefins from paraffins by autoxidation, selective hydrogenation, and alcohol dehydration. All of these processing steps can be performed at <300 °C. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie8018092