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Hydrodynamic effects in scaled-down hydrocracking of iron-based fischer-tropsch wax / Werner van der Merwe ; Dylan Loudon ; Dieter Leckel in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 n°24 (Décembre 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°24 (Décembre 2008) . - p. 10086–10092 Titre : Hydrodynamic effects in scaled-down hydrocracking of iron-based fischer-tropsch wax Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Werner van der Merwe, Auteur ; Dylan Loudon, Auteur ; Dieter Leckel, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p. 10086–10092 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Hydrodynamic--Effects  Iron  Wax Résumé : Iron-based low-temperature Fischer−Tropsch (LTFT) wax was hydrocracked in upflow and downflow mode of operation using fixed-bed bench-scale and pilot-scale reactors. Heavy paraffin conversion was higher in the upflow mode whereby lower diesel selectivities were observed. It was also shown that the diesel properties are a function of the mode of operation. The results indicate the presence of macrokinetic (hydrodynamic) limitations on the overall hydrocracking rate that is present due to the comparatively low liquid superficial velocity. The higher hydrocracking efficiency in the upflow mode is likely due to complete particle wetting (compared to the partial wetting in the downflow mode) that enhances both external and internal mass transfer of the liquid phase reagent. The results highlight the danger of scaled-down reactors that might not be representative of industrial operation. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800894w [article] Hydrodynamic effects in scaled-down hydrocracking of iron-based fischer-tropsch wax [texte imprimé] / Werner van der Merwe, Auteur ; Dylan Loudon, Auteur ; Dieter Leckel, Auteur . - 2009 . - p. 10086–10092. Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°24 (Décembre 2008) . - p. 10086–10092 Mots-clés : Hydrodynamic--Effects  Iron  Wax Résumé : Iron-based low-temperature Fischer−Tropsch (LTFT) wax was hydrocracked in upflow and downflow mode of operation using fixed-bed bench-scale and pilot-scale reactors. Heavy paraffin conversion was higher in the upflow mode whereby lower diesel selectivities were observed. It was also shown that the diesel properties are a function of the mode of operation. The results indicate the presence of macrokinetic (hydrodynamic) limitations on the overall hydrocracking rate that is present due to the comparatively low liquid superficial velocity. The higher hydrocracking efficiency in the upflow mode is likely due to complete particle wetting (compared to the partial wetting in the downflow mode) that enhances both external and internal mass transfer of the liquid phase reagent. The results highlight the danger of scaled-down reactors that might not be representative of industrial operation. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800894w