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Performance enhancement of poly(lactic acid) and sugar beet pulp composites by improving interfacial adhesion and penetration / Feng Chen ; LinShu Liu ; Peter H. Cooke ; Kevin B. Hicks in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 n°22 (Novembre 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°22 (Novembre 2008) . - p. 8667–8675 Titre : Performance enhancement of poly(lactic acid) and sugar beet pulp composites by improving interfacial adhesion and penetration Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Feng Chen, Auteur ; LinShu Liu, Auteur ; Peter H. Cooke, Auteur ; Kevin B. Hicks, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 8667–8675 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Poly(lactic  acid) Résumé : Sugar beet pulp (SBP), the residue from the sugar extraction process, contains abundant dietary fibers and is mainly used for feedstuff. In this study, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and SBP composites were prepared using a twin screw extruder. The phase structure, thermal properties, mechanical properties, and water absorption of the composites were studied. The molecular weight change of PLA in the composites was also studied. Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) was used as a coupling agent and resulted in significant increases in mechanical properties and water resistance. The tensile strength of the PLA/SBP (70/30 w/w) composite was only 56.9% that of neat PLA, but it was increased to 80.3% with the addition of 0.5% pMDI and further increased to 93.8% at 2% pMDI. With 50% SBP and 2% pMDI, the tensile strength of the composite was 87.8% of that of neat PLA. The microstructure of the composites indicated that the addition of pMDI greatly improved the wettability of the SBP particles by PLA and increased the penetration of PLA into the porous SBP. Consequently, the failure of the composites in mechanical testing changed from extensive debonding without pMDI to progressive rupture of the SBP particles with pMDI. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800930j [article] Performance enhancement of poly(lactic acid) and sugar beet pulp composites by improving interfacial adhesion and penetration [texte imprimé] / Feng Chen, Auteur ; LinShu Liu, Auteur ; Peter H. Cooke, Auteur ; Kevin B. Hicks, Auteur . - 2008 . - p. 8667–8675. Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°22 (Novembre 2008) . - p. 8667–8675 Mots-clés : Poly(lactic  acid) Résumé : Sugar beet pulp (SBP), the residue from the sugar extraction process, contains abundant dietary fibers and is mainly used for feedstuff. In this study, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and SBP composites were prepared using a twin screw extruder. The phase structure, thermal properties, mechanical properties, and water absorption of the composites were studied. The molecular weight change of PLA in the composites was also studied. Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (pMDI) was used as a coupling agent and resulted in significant increases in mechanical properties and water resistance. The tensile strength of the PLA/SBP (70/30 w/w) composite was only 56.9% that of neat PLA, but it was increased to 80.3% with the addition of 0.5% pMDI and further increased to 93.8% at 2% pMDI. With 50% SBP and 2% pMDI, the tensile strength of the composite was 87.8% of that of neat PLA. The microstructure of the composites indicated that the addition of pMDI greatly improved the wettability of the SBP particles by PLA and increased the penetration of PLA into the porous SBP. Consequently, the failure of the composites in mechanical testing changed from extensive debonding without pMDI to progressive rupture of the SBP particles with pMDI. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800930j

Production of bio-oil from alfalfa stems by fluidized-bed fast pyrolysis / Akwasi A. Boateng in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 n°12 (Juin 2008)

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°12 (Juin 2008) . - p. 4115–4122 Titre : Production of bio-oil from alfalfa stems by fluidized-bed fast pyrolysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Akwasi A. Boateng, Auteur ; Charles A. Mullen, Auteur ; Neil Goldberg, Auteur ; Kevin B. Hicks, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 4115–4122 Note générale : Bibliogr. p. 4122 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Alfalfa  stem  material;  Bio-oil;  Pyrolysis Résumé : This study focused on the production of bio-oil from alfalfa stem material. Two alfalfa maturity stages, harvested at the early bud and full flower stages of development, were examined to evaluate the impact of variation in cell wall polysaccharide and lignin content on pyrolysis oil yields, production efficiency, and bio-oil and char quality, in terms of their use as combustion fuel and for chemicals. Findings included a lower-than-average yield of bio-oil and a higher-than-average yield of charcoal from alfalfa stems, compared to previous results for other biomass feedstocks. The bio-oil showed a decrease in oxygen content from the alfalfa stems, leading to a higher-than-average energy content in the bio-oil. Bio-oil yields were slightly higher for the more-mature alfalfa, which had higher levels of cell wall cellulose and lignin. Overall, when all the pyrolysis products were considered, energy recovery was better for the more-mature alfalfa stems. [article] Production of bio-oil from alfalfa stems by fluidized-bed fast pyrolysis [texte imprimé] / Akwasi A. Boateng, Auteur ; Charles A. Mullen, Auteur ; Neil Goldberg, Auteur ; Kevin B. Hicks, Auteur . - 2008 . - p. 4115–4122. Bibliogr. p. 4122 Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°12 (Juin 2008) . - p. 4115–4122 Mots-clés : Alfalfa  stem  material;  Bio-oil;  Pyrolysis Résumé : This study focused on the production of bio-oil from alfalfa stem material. Two alfalfa maturity stages, harvested at the early bud and full flower stages of development, were examined to evaluate the impact of variation in cell wall polysaccharide and lignin content on pyrolysis oil yields, production efficiency, and bio-oil and char quality, in terms of their use as combustion fuel and for chemicals. Findings included a lower-than-average yield of bio-oil and a higher-than-average yield of charcoal from alfalfa stems, compared to previous results for other biomass feedstocks. The bio-oil showed a decrease in oxygen content from the alfalfa stems, leading to a higher-than-average energy content in the bio-oil. Bio-oil yields were slightly higher for the more-mature alfalfa, which had higher levels of cell wall cellulose and lignin. Overall, when all the pyrolysis products were considered, energy recovery was better for the more-mature alfalfa stems.