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Rag layers in oil sand froths / Mehrrad Saadatmand ; Harvey W. Yarranton ; Kevin Moran in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 n°22 (Novembre 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°22 (Novembre 2008) . - p. 8828–8839 Titre : Rag layers in oil sand froths Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Mehrrad Saadatmand, Auteur ; Harvey W. Yarranton, Auteur ; Kevin Moran, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 8828–8839 Note générale : Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : oil  sand Résumé : During the settling stages in some oil sands froth treatments, a rag layer (an undesirable mixture of dispersed oil, water, and solids) can form at the water−oil interface. To investigate rag layer formation, oil sand froths were diluted with mixtures of toluene and heptane and the diluted froths were centrifuged in steps of increasing rpm. The volumes of oil phase, rag layer, free water, and sediment were measured after each step. The data obtained from the experiments were used for material balances to determine the composition of the rag layers. The size and properties of the rag layer solids were also measured. Two mechanisms were found to influence rag layer formation: slow coalescence of emulsified water between 1500 and 3000 rpm (200−1000 times gravity); trapping of fine intermediate to oil wet solids at higher rpm and residence times. The main process factors affecting rag formation appear to be the type of diluent and asphaltene precipitation. As well, higher quality oil sand produced much smaller rag layers. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800601r [article] Rag layers in oil sand froths [texte imprimé] / Mehrrad Saadatmand, Auteur ; Harvey W. Yarranton, Auteur ; Kevin Moran, Auteur . - 2008 . - p. 8828–8839. Industrial chemistry Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 n°22 (Novembre 2008) . - p. 8828–8839 Mots-clés : oil  sand Résumé : During the settling stages in some oil sands froth treatments, a rag layer (an undesirable mixture of dispersed oil, water, and solids) can form at the water−oil interface. To investigate rag layer formation, oil sand froths were diluted with mixtures of toluene and heptane and the diluted froths were centrifuged in steps of increasing rpm. The volumes of oil phase, rag layer, free water, and sediment were measured after each step. The data obtained from the experiments were used for material balances to determine the composition of the rag layers. The size and properties of the rag layer solids were also measured. Two mechanisms were found to influence rag layer formation: slow coalescence of emulsified water between 1500 and 3000 rpm (200−1000 times gravity); trapping of fine intermediate to oil wet solids at higher rpm and residence times. The main process factors affecting rag formation appear to be the type of diluent and asphaltene precipitation. As well, higher quality oil sand produced much smaller rag layers. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800601r