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Investigation on the uniformity and stability of sunflower oil/water emulsions prepared by a shirasu porous glass membrane / Yueling Zhang in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 N°17 (Septembre 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N°17 (Septembre 2008) . - p. 6412–6417 Titre : Investigation on the uniformity and stability of sunflower oil/water emulsions prepared by a shirasu porous glass membrane Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yueling Zhang, Auteur ; Guoping Lian, Auteur ; Shiping Zhu, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 6412–6417 Note générale : Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : SPG  membrane  emulsification  Sunflower  oil  emulsions Résumé : Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification has many advantages over traditional emulsification methods of stirring, ultrasoubd, and homogenization. The main advantages are much improved uniform size distribution of the droplets and lower mechanical shear stress. This paper examines the uniformity and stability of sunflower oil emulsions prepared by SPG membrane. The effects of emulsifiers on the uniformity and stability of emulsions were investigated. Results showed that emulsions stabilized by Tween 20 are generally more uniform and stable compared to those stabilized by Tween 60. Emulsions prepared by membrane emulsification showed excellent uniformity and stability with no droplet size change after 6-months storage, while those prepared by the homogenizer have a much broad size distribution and are unstable after 7 days of storage with significant further broadening of the droplet size distribution by coalescence and Oswald ripening. Uniform-sized sunflower O/W emulsions prepared by the SPG membrane also have good thermal stability when subjected to either freezing or heating. The mechanical stability of sunflower O/W emulsions prepared by the SPG membrane can be further improved by adding thickeners to the aqueous phase. Therefore, SPG membrane emulsification is a promising method for preparing uniform and stable emulsions, which will have good potential applications in the food industry, in terms of improving shelf life and product quality. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie8002232 [article] Investigation on the uniformity and stability of sunflower oil/water emulsions prepared by a shirasu porous glass membrane [texte imprimé] / Yueling Zhang, Auteur ; Guoping Lian, Auteur ; Shiping Zhu, Auteur . - 2008 . - p. 6412–6417. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N°17 (Septembre 2008) . - p. 6412–6417 Mots-clés : SPG  membrane  emulsification  Sunflower  oil  emulsions Résumé : Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification has many advantages over traditional emulsification methods of stirring, ultrasoubd, and homogenization. The main advantages are much improved uniform size distribution of the droplets and lower mechanical shear stress. This paper examines the uniformity and stability of sunflower oil emulsions prepared by SPG membrane. The effects of emulsifiers on the uniformity and stability of emulsions were investigated. Results showed that emulsions stabilized by Tween 20 are generally more uniform and stable compared to those stabilized by Tween 60. Emulsions prepared by membrane emulsification showed excellent uniformity and stability with no droplet size change after 6-months storage, while those prepared by the homogenizer have a much broad size distribution and are unstable after 7 days of storage with significant further broadening of the droplet size distribution by coalescence and Oswald ripening. Uniform-sized sunflower O/W emulsions prepared by the SPG membrane also have good thermal stability when subjected to either freezing or heating. The mechanical stability of sunflower O/W emulsions prepared by the SPG membrane can be further improved by adding thickeners to the aqueous phase. Therefore, SPG membrane emulsification is a promising method for preparing uniform and stable emulsions, which will have good potential applications in the food industry, in terms of improving shelf life and product quality. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie8002232

Use of “bricks and mortar” model to predict transdermal permeation / Longjian Chen in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 N°17 (Septembre 2008) 

Public ISBD [article]  in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N°17 (Septembre 2008) . - p. 6465–6472 Titre : Use of “bricks and mortar” model to predict transdermal permeation : model development and initial validation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Longjian Chen, Auteur ; Guoping Lian, Auteur ; Lujia Han, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : p. 6465–6472 Note générale : Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Transdermal  permeation  Bricks  and  mortar  model Résumé : Presented in this paper is a general purpose computer model for predicting transdermal permeation of solutes in vivo. The “bricks and mortar” model is employed to represent the stratum corneum (SC), the main barrier to transdermal permeation. Transdermal permeation and absorption is modeled as a dynamic process of mass transfer in the heterogeneous stratum corneum including both the tortuous lipid pathway and the transcellular corneocytes pathway. The partition and diffusion properties of solutes in SC lipid matrix and corneocytes are calculated from the fundamental physical chemical properties of octanol−water partition coefficient, molecular size, and diffusion coefficients in water and lipid, using equations established elsewhere. To test the model, the in vivo tape striping data of 4-cyanophenol is simulated. Using the calculated partition and diffusion properties of 4-cyanophenol in SC lipids and corneocytes, the predicted dynamic profiles of 4-cyanophenol in the SC agreed very well with the experimental data. Results show that for a moderately hydrophobic solute like 4-cyanophenol, the transcellular pathway is also an important route of percutaneous absorption with about 2/3 of the absorbed 4-cyanophenol partitioned into the corneocytes. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie701711v [article] Use of “bricks and mortar” model to predict transdermal permeation : model development and initial validation [texte imprimé] / Longjian Chen, Auteur ; Guoping Lian, Auteur ; Lujia Han, Auteur . - 2008 . - p. 6465–6472. Chemical engineering Langues : Anglais (eng) in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N°17 (Septembre 2008) . - p. 6465–6472 Mots-clés : Transdermal  permeation  Bricks  and  mortar  model Résumé : Presented in this paper is a general purpose computer model for predicting transdermal permeation of solutes in vivo. The “bricks and mortar” model is employed to represent the stratum corneum (SC), the main barrier to transdermal permeation. Transdermal permeation and absorption is modeled as a dynamic process of mass transfer in the heterogeneous stratum corneum including both the tortuous lipid pathway and the transcellular corneocytes pathway. The partition and diffusion properties of solutes in SC lipid matrix and corneocytes are calculated from the fundamental physical chemical properties of octanol−water partition coefficient, molecular size, and diffusion coefficients in water and lipid, using equations established elsewhere. To test the model, the in vivo tape striping data of 4-cyanophenol is simulated. Using the calculated partition and diffusion properties of 4-cyanophenol in SC lipids and corneocytes, the predicted dynamic profiles of 4-cyanophenol in the SC agreed very well with the experimental data. Results show that for a moderately hydrophobic solute like 4-cyanophenol, the transcellular pathway is also an important route of percutaneous absorption with about 2/3 of the absorbed 4-cyanophenol partitioned into the corneocytes. En ligne : http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie701711v