Ionic liquid as catalyst for solid-Liquid Phase transfer catalyzed synthesis of p-Nitrodiphenyl ether / Ganapati D. Yadav in Industrial & engineering chemistry research, Vol. 47 N° 23 (Décembre 2008)  

Ionic liquid as catalyst for solid-Liquid Phase transfer catalyzed synthesis of p-Nitrodiphenyl ether [texte imprimé] / Ganapati D. Yadav, Auteur ; Bhavana G. Motirale, Auteur . - 2009 . - p. 9081–9089.
Chemistry engineering
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Industrial & engineering chemistry research > Vol. 47 N° 23 (Décembre 2008) . - p. 9081–9089

Mots-clés :	Synthesis of p-Nitrodiphenyl Ethe
Résumé :	The novelties of solid−liquid phase transfer catalyzed synthesis of p-nitrodiphenyl ether from p-nitrochlorobenzene and potassium phenoxide were studied in detail with ionic liquids as phase transfer catalysts among others. Tetradecyl(trihexyl)phosphonium bromide was found to be the best catalyst leading to 100% selectivity toward the desired product p-nitrodiphenyl ether. Ionic liquids offer excellent conversions and selectivity, stability at high temperatures, and reusability in this reaction. A mathematical model was developed to study the kinetics of the reaction and used to extract both the rate constant and ion-exchange equilibrium constant. The contribution of the uncatalyzed reaction was also considered in this model. The activation energy and Gibb’s free energy for a combined ion exchange were also calculated. Microwave irradiation was also employed as an effective alternative to conventional heating.
En ligne :	http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ie800340j